CN110374496A - A kind of lava drilling apparatus and the method for tunnel construction based on lava technology - Google Patents
A kind of lava drilling apparatus and the method for tunnel construction based on lava technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110374496A CN110374496A CN201910641053.4A CN201910641053A CN110374496A CN 110374496 A CN110374496 A CN 110374496A CN 201910641053 A CN201910641053 A CN 201910641053A CN 110374496 A CN110374496 A CN 110374496A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009385 rock melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1073—Making by using boring or cutting machines applying thermal energy, e.g. by projecting flames or hot gases, by laser beams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lava drilling apparatus, including using main rod body, focus set, high-pressure air hose, safety protection guard and handle made of heat-resisting material, laser/sun optical channel is set in the main rod body, laser/sun optical channel entrance installs laser emitter or solar collector, focus set is installed, the energy output end of focus set forms the drill bit of the drilling apparatus in laser/sunlight channel outlet main rod body；The high-pressure air hose is set in main rod body, and the outlet of high-pressure air hose is located at the drill bit；It is equipped with safety protection guard and for the handle of operation in the other end of main rod body, while the rock mass of fusing is blown away pore-forming by the high-pressure blast that high-pressure air hose is blown into.The invention also discloses a kind of method for tunnel construction based on lava technology.The invention has the benefit that the present invention is blown away rock mass to achieve the purpose that cutting by rock mass molten drilling, and by high-pressure blast using solar energy or laser, this construction method is environmentally protective, reduces project cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel construction technical fields, and in particular to a kind of lava drilling apparatus and is based on lava technology
Method for tunnel construction.
Background technique
The construction method that constructing tunnel uses at present is generally New Austrian Tunneling Method or tunnel boring machine method.New Austrian Tunneling Method construction is enclosed in utilization
Under the premise of carrying efficiency possessed by rock itself, using millisecond blasting and smooth Surface Blasting Technology, excavation construction is carried out, and with shape
The barrel that tunnel is built at two layers of lining cutting inside and outside combined type, i.e., with pneumatically placed concrete, anchor pole, steel mesh, bracing members etc. for outer layer
Support form, referred to as first flexible support tie up to the support work that must be carried out immediately after tunnel cutting.Because containing on mountain
Crustal stress in body generates reallocation due to excavating cavitation, and tunnel space depends on cavity effect to be maintained stabilization, that is,
It says, carries the mainly country rock body of crustal stress itself, and use the effect of first spray anchor flexible support, make country rock body itself
Bearing capacity is played to greatest extent, and second of lining cutting has been mainly safety stock and decoration effect.However, new difficult to understand
Method uses Blasting Excavation, and risk factor is more, influences on surrounding enviroment big.That there are costs is high for shield or the construction of TBM drivage method, by
Geological conditions influences big disadvantage.
With the fast development of technology, heliotechnics and laser technology have been widely used for all trades and professions.With the sun
For for energy, the about 1400W of every square metre of intensity of general sunlight, if 100 square metres of light is focused on one square
Centimetre, then the intensity of solar energy can reach the intensity of 140KW in one square centimeter of strength range, and different rocks is different
Duration can be by rock melting, and blowing rock mass off then with high-pressure blast can reach the effect of cutting.And it is how friendly in constructing tunnel
Heliotechnics is utilized environmentally friendlyly, is still a problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of environmentally protective lava drilling apparatus and
Method for tunnel construction based on lava technology.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of lava drilling apparatus, including using mobile jib made of heat-resisting material
Body, focus set, high-pressure air hose, safety protection guard and handle, set laser/sun optical channel in the main rod body, and laser/too
The entrance in sunlight channel installs laser emitter or solar collector, installs in laser/sunlight channel outlet main rod body
Focus set, the energy output end of focus set form the drill bit of the drilling apparatus；The high-pressure air hose is set in main rod body,
And the outlet of high-pressure air hose is located at the drill bit；Safety protection guard is equipped in the other end of main rod body and for the hand of operation
Handle；The light beam that the laser beam or solar collector of the laser transmitter projects are collected is reached through laser/sun optical channel
Focus set generates high temperature after focusing, and melts rock mass, while the high-pressure blast that high-pressure air hose is blown into blows away into the rock mass of fusing
Hole.
According to the above scheme, the bit diameter is 1~10cm.
The present invention additionally uses a kind of method for tunnel construction based on lava technology, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: analyzing the rock sample at place to be onstructed, rock sample parameter is obtained, lava drilling apparatus as described above is designed；
Step 2: preparation of construction: installing or build the facility that construction needs, and provide life area；
Step 3: excavating face-upward slope and being reinforced using lava drilling apparatus lava pore-forming；
Step 4: construction guidance wall, drilling installation steel tube shed and slip casting；
Step 5: performing advance reinforcement using lava drilling apparatus lava pore-forming；
Step 6: being excavated using lava drilling apparatus to rock mass in tunnel, and to rock mass reinforcing；
Step 7: being excavated to 40~60m or so along length of tunnel direction, secondary lining is applied；
Step 8: applying attached and road surface after excavating perforation and two lining constructions.
According to the above scheme, in step 2, when selecting the lava drilling apparatus based on sunlight, in the stabilization of illumination abundance
Solar collector is installed at rock mass, and configures solar energy conveying device, solar collector by solar energy conveying device with
The laser/sun optical channel is connected.
According to the above scheme, in step 2, solar collector is configured with transfer.
According to the above scheme, in step 3, face-upward slope excavates and carries out lava consolidation process method particularly includes: removes tunnel
The vegetation of road hole earth's surface attachment, excavator brush slope kerve；Lava drilling apparatus is using heat melts rock mass perpendicular to original place
Several anchor holes are bored in the direction of looks, and anchor hole internal plug fills out Anchor Agent, reinforce face-upward slope.
According to the above scheme, in step 3, anchor hole is with 30~50cm spacing arrangement, and whole is in quincunx；Anchor hole
Depth be 1m~3m.
According to the above scheme, in step 5, advance reinforcement method particularly includes: using lava drilling apparatus along outline excavation
Advanced hole is bored for 15 ° and 30 ° of limb or so other than line, and high-intensitive Anchor Agent is blocked in advanced hole；The depth in advanced hole is 2~
3.5m, circumferential spacing are 0.3~0.5m, and the longitudinal length of advanced its overlap of hole of the adjacent two rows in longitudinal front and back is no less than
1m。
According to the above scheme, in step 6, rock mass divides upper, middle and lower step in tunnel, and using lava drilling apparatus along excavation
Contour line cutting is excavated, and rock excavation can be used lava cutting and excavate within excavation contour line, and indigenous equipment is unearthed out；Excavate 0.75
It after~1m, is reinforced along drilling perpendicular to excavation face, high-intensitive Anchor Agent is blocked in hole.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention is built according to project amount size, field geology situation, construction period to design
Lava drilling apparatus is made, using solar energy or laser by country rock molten drilling, and is blown away rock mass to reach and cut by high-pressure blast
The purpose cut, while country rock is influenced by high temperature, rock mass integral strength improves, and by being drilled into country rock body to reach and improve
Stress encircles itself bearing load ability, and this construction method is environmentally protective, reduces project cost, and can carry out mechanization behaviour
Make, reduces hand labor input amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of lava drilling apparatus in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is tunnel portal front view in the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is tunnel portal side view.
Fig. 4 is advance support drilling schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is tunnel tunnel face front view.
Fig. 6 is the present embodiment tunnel excavation wire cutting schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is tunnel tunnel face remaining core soil in advance side view in traditional Mining Method.
Fig. 8 is tunnel tunnel face front view in the present embodiment.
Fig. 9 is tunnel excavation cutting schematic diagram one in the present embodiment.
Figure 10 is tunnel excavation cutting schematic diagram two in the present embodiment.
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the present embodiment.
Wherein: 1, main rod body；2, focus set；3, high-pressure air hose；4, tunnel；5, side slope；6, anchor hole；7, outline excavation
Line；8, overlap；9, advanced hole；10, laser/sun optical channel；11, safety protection guard；12, handle；13, activity branch
Leg.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of lava drilling apparatus as shown in Figure 1, including using main rod body 1, focus set made of heat-resisting material
2, high-pressure air hose 3, safety protection guard 11 and handle 12 set laser/sun optical channel 10, the laser/sun in the main rod body 1
The entrance of optical channel 11 installs laser emitter or solar collector, pacifies in the main rod body that laser/sun optical channel 10 exports
Focus set 2 is filled, the energy output end of focus set 2 forms the drill bit of the drilling apparatus；The high-pressure air hose 3 is set to mobile jib
In body 1, and the outlet of high-pressure air hose 3 is located at the drill bit；Safety protection guard 11 is equipped in the other end of main rod body 1 and is used
In the handle 12 of operation；The light beam that the laser beam or solar collector of the laser transmitter projects are collected through laser/too
Sunlight channel 10 reaches after focus set 2 focuses and generates high temperature, melts rock mass, while the high-pressure blast that high-pressure air hose 3 is blown into will
The rock mass of fusing blows away pore-forming.
A kind of method for tunnel construction based on lava technology, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: analyzing the rock sample at place to be onstructed, rock sample parameter is obtained, designs lava drilling apparatus；In the present embodiment, root
The lava based on solar energy is designed according to 4 Grades of Surrounding Rock of the intensity of illumination in engineering location, climatic characteristic and tunnel, schedule requirement etc.
The lava drilling apparatus of drilling apparatus or design based on laser, wherein as shown in Figure 1, the lava drilling apparatus based on solar energy
Solar collector can be used hemispherical collector, focus and concentrate on heat to a small area boss lens；Hemispherical receipts
Storage diameter is 1~10cm, can also be adjusted according to actual needs.As shown in Fig. 2, the lava drilling apparatus based on laser, laser
The laser beam of transmitter transmitting reaches after focus set 12 focuses through laser/sun optical channel 10 and generates high temperature, melts rock mass,
The high-pressure blast that high-pressure air hose 13 is blown into simultaneously blows away the rock mass of fusing to form drilling.
Step 2: preparation of construction: installing or build the facility that construction needs, and provide life area；
1, lava drilling apparatus is installed: when selecting the lava drilling apparatus based on solar energy, in the stabilization rock of illumination abundance
Solar collector and solar energy conveying device are installed at body；Solar collector is made of multiple small-sized solar collectors,
The heat that each small-sized sun collector is collected is concentrated into conveying by solar energy output device, using area picks out as needed
Branch；Solar collector installation electric energy rotation direction (configuration transfer) is arranged and installs software kit, receives solar energy
Storage always the face sun with guarantee receive ceiling capacity；
2, the appliance power size according to used in engineering, design and install transformer, air compressor machine and build high pressure pond etc.；It builds
If stations such as concrete mixing plant, steel bar meter fields；
3, life office building for temporary habitation is built.
Step 3: excavating face-upward slope and being reinforced using lava drilling apparatus lava pore-forming: removing 4 hole earth's surface of tunnel and adhere to
Vegetation, excavator brush slope kerve；Consolidation process is carried out for weak section Portal Section face-upward slope, specifically, solar collector
The laser beam line focus equipment of the sunlight of collection or laser transmitter projects generated after focusing heat melts rock mass with perpendicular to
Several anchor holes 6 are bored in the direction of original place looks, and 6 internal plug of anchor hole fills out Anchor Agent, reinforce face-upward slope；In the present embodiment, parameter according to
Geological condition, anchor hole 6 is with 30~50cm spacing arrangement, and whole is in quincunx；The depth of anchor hole 6 is that 1m~3m is advisable,
As shown in Figure 1.
Step 4: construction guidance wall, is drilled using down-the-hole drill, installation steel tube shed and slip casting, the step are the prior art,
Which is not described herein again.
Step 5: performing advance reinforcement: left along 15 degree and 30 degree of limb other than excavation contour line 7 with lava drilling apparatus 3
It is right to bore advanced hole 9, high-intensitive Anchor Agent is blocked in advanced hole 9；The depth in advanced hole 9 is 2~3.5m, circumferential spacing is 0.3~
0.5m, the longitudinal length of advanced its overlap 8 of hole 9 of the adjacent two rows in longitudinal front and back is no less than 1m, and (Portal Section country rock is with V grades
Example, all parameters, which are only done, below illustrates, and can be adjusted according to country rock actual conditions, only schematically illustrate).
Step 6: being excavated using lava drilling apparatus to rock mass in tunnel, and to rock mass reinforcing: upper, middle and lower platform can be divided
Rank is excavated, and is cut and is excavated along excavation contour line 7 with lava drilling apparatus 3, and lava can be used in rock excavation within excavation contour line 7
Cutting is excavated, and indigenous equipment is unearthed out；After excavating 0.75~1m, reinforced along drilling perpendicular to excavation face；0.5m × 0.5m is pressed in drilling
Arrangement, hole depth reinforcing divide superficial layer, middle layer, deep layer, and hole depth is respectively 0.5 meter, 1.5 meters, 3 meters, and hole count is respectively 1/3, to soft
Weak-strong test can encrypt cloth hole, and high-intensitive Anchor Agent is blocked in hole, can adjust lava Reinforcing parameter according to country rock situation.To monitoring parameter
Hole is deepened in the encryption that increases that survey deforms more than permissible value.
Rock mass cutting:
1, periphery excavation contour line part rock mass is cut: lava drilling apparatus 3 is cut along 7 solid matter cloth eye of excavation contour line.
2, spoil body portion is cut: from lowest part Slice by slice cutting, lift height can be selected according to specific rock stratum situation
It selects, creeps into hole along stratification line 3 solid matter of lava drilling apparatus, and cooperative mechanical Slice by slice cutting excavates.
3, the general remaining core soil in advance of traditional handicraft face is stablized with plan face, because this method can melt face
3 lava of rock drilling apparatus reinforces the stabilization that ensure that face, and opposite Core Soil part of excavating in advance can be used and applied with facilitating
Work.(as shown in Fig. 5~Figure 10)
Step 7: being excavated to 40~60m or so (to facilitate construction to be advisable, can adjust) along 4 length direction of tunnel, start to apply
Make secondary lining；
Step 8: applying attached and road surface after excavating perforation and two lining constructions.
Finally it should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, although
Referring to embodiment, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, but it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of lava drilling apparatus, which is characterized in that including using main rod body, focus set, height made of heat-resisting material
Pressure ventilation pipe, safety protection guard and handle set laser/sun optical channel, laser/sun optical channel entrance in the main rod body
Laser emitter or solar collector are installed, focus set is installed in laser/sunlight channel outlet main rod body, focusing is set
Standby energy output end forms the drill bit of the drilling apparatus；The high-pressure air hose be set to main rod body in, and high-pressure air hose go out
Mouth is located at the drill bit；Safety protection guard is equipped in the other end of main rod body and for the handle of operation；The laser hair
The light beam that the laser beam or solar collector of emitter transmitting are collected reaches focus set through laser/sun optical channel and focuses
After generate high temperature, melt rock mass, while the rock mass of fusing is blown away pore-forming by the high-pressure blast that high-pressure air hose is blown into.
2. lava drilling apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the bit diameter is 1~10cm.
3. a kind of method for tunnel construction based on lava technology, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: analyzing the rock sample at place to be onstructed, rock sample parameter is obtained, designs lava described in claim 1 or claim 2
Drilling apparatus；
Step 2: preparation of construction: installing or build the facility that construction needs, and provide life area；
Step 3: excavating face-upward slope and being reinforced using lava drilling apparatus lava pore-forming；
Step 4: construction guidance wall, drilling installation steel tube shed and slip casting；
Step 5: performing advance reinforcement using lava drilling apparatus lava pore-forming；
Step 6: being excavated using lava drilling apparatus to rock mass in tunnel, and to rock mass reinforcing；
Step 7: being excavated to 40~60m or so along length of tunnel direction, secondary lining is applied；
Step 8: applying accessory structure and road surface after excavating perforation and two lining constructions.
4. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 3 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 2, selection
When lava drilling apparatus based on sunlight, solar collector is installed at the rock mass stability of illumination abundance, and configure the sun
Energy conveying device, solar collector are connected by solar energy conveying device with the laser/sun optical channel.
5. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 4 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 2, the sun
Energy collector is configured with transfer.
6. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 3 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 3, Bian Yang
It excavates and carries out lava consolidation process in slope method particularly includes: remove the vegetation of tunnel portal earth's surface attachment, excavator brush slope is drawn
Slot；Lava drilling apparatus using heat melts rock mass to bore several anchor holes perpendicular to the direction of original place looks, fill out by anchor hole internal plug
Anchor Agent reinforces face-upward slope.
7. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 6 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 3, anchoring
Hole is with 30~50cm spacing arrangement, and whole is in quincunx；The depth of anchor hole is 1m~3m.
8. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 3 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 5, in advance
It reinforces method particularly includes: bore advanced hole for 15 ° and 30 ° of limb or so other than excavation contour line using lava drilling apparatus, surpass
High-intensitive Anchor Agent is blocked in preceding hole；The depth in advanced hole is 2~3.5m, and circumferential spacing is 0.3~0.5m, and longitudinal front and back is adjacent
The longitudinal lengths of advanced its overlap of hole of two rows be no less than 1m.
9. the method for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 3 based on lava technology, which is characterized in that in step 6, tunnel
Interior rock mass divides upper, middle and lower step, and is cut and excavated along excavation contour line using lava drilling apparatus, rock mass within excavation contour line
Excavation can be used lava cutting and excavate, and indigenous equipment is unearthed out；After excavating 0.75~1m, reinforced along drilling perpendicular to excavation face, hole
The high-intensitive Anchor Agent of interior blocking.
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| CN201910641053.4A CN110374496B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Lava drilling device and tunnel construction method based on lava technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910641053.4A CN110374496B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Lava drilling device and tunnel construction method based on lava technology |
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| CN110374496B CN110374496B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113202494A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 山东建筑大学 | Tunnel full-section hot-melting rock breaking device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110374496B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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