CN102808580A - Laser directional drilling tool for coal-bed-methane level development hole and drilling method using same - Google Patents
Laser directional drilling tool for coal-bed-methane level development hole and drilling method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102808580A CN102808580A CN2012102834761A CN201210283476A CN102808580A CN 102808580 A CN102808580 A CN 102808580A CN 2012102834761 A CN2012102834761 A CN 2012102834761A CN 201210283476 A CN201210283476 A CN 201210283476A CN 102808580 A CN102808580 A CN 102808580A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser directional drilling tool for a coal-bed-methane level development hole and a drilling method using the same. The drilling method includes: using high-energy laser beams to rapidly heat local coal rock to enable the coal rock to break due to excessively high internal stress, and allowing high-speed auxiliary air to bring away debris of the coal rock. The drilling tool comprises a laser emitter, and a deflection control part and a deflection actuating part thereof. The deflection control part of the laser emitter is composed of a battery box, a circuit board and the like. The deflection actuating part of the laser emitter comprises a cam and a gear. The cam controls deflection of the laser emitter. The gear controls overall rotation of the laser emitter. In the drilling method, the drilling tool is lowered into a drill hole to be drilled, drilling is started according to the principle of laser rock crushing, data acquisition, storage and processing are performed simultaneously, and a stepping motor is adjusted to control deflection of the laser emitter so as to automatically and directionally correct the deflection in drilling. The drilling tool and the drilling method are applied to directional drilling for the coal-bed-methane level development hole and are higher in drilling efficiency, better in directional control performance and lower in bit consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation and creep into drilling tool and drilling method thereof, specifically a kind of utilize the laser fracturing coal petrography creep into drilling tool and drilling method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the aggravation of energy scarcity, coal gas industry more and more receives the attention of countries in the world, and the extraction of coal bed gas is also raising with utilization year by year.Yet traditional mechanical formula drilling method has been not enough to satisfy modern demands of developing.The traditional mechanical formula has been crept into following deficiency: drilling efficiency is low, control is big to poor performance, drill bit consumption.Creep into drilling tool so propose coal-bed gas exploitation hole laser orientation.And existing experiment shows that the broken rock of laser has feasibility.The present invention has improved drilling efficiency, control to performance through the method drilling well of laser fracturing coal petrography, and has reduced the consumption of drill bit.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve that present coal bed gas horizon mining hole drill advances that efficient is low, the control of drilling tool is to poor performance, the problem that the consumption of drill bit is big, and provide a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation creep into drilling tool with and drilling method.
For realizing the object of the invention, the technical scheme of employing is: provide a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation to creep into drilling tool, comprise laser beam emitting head and deflection control assembly thereof, deflection execution unit and circuit part;
Described laser beam emitting head adopts the HIGHYAG series of products;
Described laser beam emitting head deflection control assembly comprises ring CA in drilling rod union, transition conduit joint, control section connector C, bearing cover A, fiber optic loop A, the bearing connection, battery case, circuit board supporting base, the interior BB of ring of bearing connection and collecting ring; Described drilling rod union and drilling rod are with being threaded, and drilling rod union and transition conduit joint, shell connecting ring E, shell A, shell connecting ring A, shell B, shell connecting ring B and shell C adopt screw thread to be linked in sequence; Ring CB also adopted screw thread to be linked in sequence in ring CA, control section chassis A, control section rotating ring, control section chassis B, bearing connection outer shroud BB, collecting ring fixed connecting piece, control section connector A were connected with bearing in described control section connector C was connected with bearing; Described bearing cover A is fixed on the control section connector C, and fiber optic loop A is installed among the bearing cover A, and seals with O type circle; Described fiber optic loop A fixes optical fiber, and control section connector C adopts bearing BA to be connected with fiber optic loop A, and the hole is installed among the control section connector C with end ring A, fixes fiber optic loop A; Ring CA was connected with bearing CA with shell connecting ring A in described bearing connected; Described battery case is fixed between control section chassis A and the control section chassis B, and weighting block is fixed on the control section rotating ring; Described circuit board supporting base is fixed between control section chassis A and the control section chassis B, and the circuit board supporting base is fixed on the circuit board, and the circuit board pillar is installed between circuit board supporting base and the circuit board; Ring BB fixed optical fiber in described bearing connected, and the interior ring of bearing connection BB is connected outer shroud BB and connects with bearing BB with bearing, and the hole is installed on bearing with the hole with end ring C with end ring B and is connected among the outer shroud BB, is used for fixing bearing BB; Described collecting ring is installed in the collecting ring fixed connecting piece, and collecting ring is fixed with taper bolt, and ring CB was connected with bearing CB with shell connecting ring B in bearing connected, and joint ring A is installed between shell connecting ring B and the shell connecting ring C;
Described laser beam emitting head deflection execution unit comprises shell connecting ring C, shell D, internal gear, stepper motor and fiber connector fixture; Described shell connecting ring C and shell D, shell connecting ring D and drill bit apical ring screw thread are linked in sequence, and described internal gear, internal gear connector, bearing connection outer shroud CC, stepper motor connect chassis B, laser instrument partial rotation ring is connected interior ring CC and also adopts screw thread to be linked in sequence with bearing; Described stepper motor is provided with stepper motor A and stepper motor B; Stepper motor A is screwed and in bearing connects, encircles on the CB; Stepper motor A is connected with shaft coupling A with gear shaft, gear shaft and internal gear engaged transmission, and bearing connects outer shroud CC and is connected with bearing CC with shell connecting ring C; The synchronous connector of collecting ring is fixed on the internal gear connector; And be connected with collecting ring, rotating synchronously to guarantee collecting ring rotor and internal gear, drill bit top seal ring is installed between shell connecting ring D and the drill bit apical ring; Stepper motor B is fixed in stepper motor and connects on the B of chassis, and stepper motor B is connected with shaft coupling B with camshaft; Described fiber connector fixture is provided with fiber connector fixture A, fiber connector fixture B, fiber connector fixture C and fiber connector fixture D; Wherein fiber connector fixture A and fiber connector fixture B are fixed in an end of laser beam emitting head; Motion bar is fixed on the fiber connector fixture B; And be inserted in the groove of camshaft; Joint ring B is installed on stepper motor and connects between chassis B and the shell connecting ring D, and ring CC connected with bearing CD in shell connecting ring D was connected with bearing; Described fiber connector fixture D is fixed on the other end of laser beam emitting head; Fiber connector fixture D is connected with bearing A with the little axle of rotation; Rotating little axle is installed among the fiber connector fixture C; Hubcap is fixed on the fiber connector fixture C, and bearing cover B is fixed on the fiber connector fixture D, and fiber connector fixture C is fixed on the laser instrument partial rotation ring;
Described circuit part is installed on the circuit board, comprises control circuit, drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit.
Stepper motor A described in the present invention selects model 35BY48B04 four phase step motor; Stepper motor B selects model 4,2BY,48H,J75 four phase decelerating step motor.
Control circuit described in the present invention is provided with a microcontroller circuit, and connects drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit respectively by microcontroller circuit;
Adopted the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer in the described microcontroller circuit, also be provided with switch S 1, oscillator Y1 and oscillator Y2, wherein switch S 1 is a reset key; Low-speed clock among the MSP430F149 is to be made up of LFXT1 oscillator Y1; Mode of operation is the 32768Hz low frequency mode, and Y1 is connected with microprocessor through two pins of microprocessor XIN and XOUT, and high-frequency clock is to be made up of XT2 oscillator Y2; Operating frequency 8MHz is connected with microprocessor with the XT2OUT pin through XT2IN;
Described drilling tool state detection circuit is provided with ZCC212N-TTL electronic compass and SCA60C obliquity sensor, and the drilling tool state detection circuit is used to detect drill bit inclination angle and azimuth;
Described drilling depth signal receiving circuit is provided with the MAX3232 chip; The 10th pin T2IN of MAX3232 chip, the 9th pin R2OUT are connected with the 32nd pin P3.4, the 33rd pin P3.5 of microprocessor respectively; It is as the serial ports receiving circuit, the ground drilling depth signal of collecting is received in the microprocessor handle;
Described stepper motor driving circuit drives two stepper motors respectively through two identical drive circuits, and circuit adopts TLP521-4 and L298N chip;
Described electric weight testing circuit is provided with the LM339 chip, is used to detect electric quantity of power supply;
Described power supply stabilization circuit adopts chip 7805 with chip 1117 the voltage voltage stabilizing to be become 3.3V, adopts chip 7812 and chip 7805 that voltage is distinguished voltage stabilizing at 12V and 5V.
The present invention also provides a kind of drilling method that described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool of using, and the concrete operations step is following:
⑴ be ready to described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation and creep into drilling tool, is ready to the drilling rod supporting with drilling tool simultaneously, and described drilling rod is on the drilling rod shell, whenever to be provided with one at a distance from 5m to thicken iron hoop;
⑵ transfer to the position that coal petrography needs drilling well with drilling tool, when beginning to creep into, opens the secondary air pump, lets secondary air that landwaste is taken away while creeping into;
⑶ pass through HMC1021Z type magnetoresistive transducer by the depth signal receiving circuit when creep into, detect, judge whether to creep into 5m at the every magnetic resistance that thickens iron hoop that is provided with at a distance from 5m of drilling rod shell; Calculate drilling depth, after magnetoresistance signal detects, through connecting made of hardware circuits which process signal on the ground; Signal is exported by the 232-485 converter; Inner through drilling rod, again by the 485-232 converter, output on the hardware circuit in place, the drill bit top drilling tool; Whenever creep into the 5m degree of depth, when microprocessor received the start pulse signal of drilling tool bottom, the prompting drilling depth increased 5m; Microprocessor control electronic compass and obliquity sensor are collected the azimuth simultaneously, the angle of slope signal is handled, and judge whether consistent with the value of setting;
When microprocessor monitors to creeping into actual path and setting track when inconsistent, microprocessor adjustment stepper motor A, internal gear rotation; Drive whole laser beam emitting head rotation, arrive assigned address, then; Microprocessor adjustment stepper motor B, the cam rotation drives laser beam emitting head deflection; Arrive assigned address, until drill bit deflection is accomplished;
⑸ after accomplish drill bit deflection, microprocessor adjustment stepper motor B, cam rotates to initial position; Then, microprocessor is adjusted stepper motor A again, and internal gear rotates to initial position; Wait for that the inconsistent signal of actual path and desired trajectory occurs, so circulation adjustment is up to creeping into end.
Coal bed gas horizon mining of the present invention hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool and drilling method has following advantage:
⑴ drill bit consumes little.The mechanical type bit wear is bigger, and the present invention adopts contactless broken rock mode to creep into, and can effectively reduce drill bit consumption.
⑵ control is good to performance.As requested, every at a distance from 5m or shorter in the method for the present invention, with actual drilling track and preset value comparison correction, correction is more accurate like this, and control is to more accurate.
⑶ drilling efficiency is high.Drilling tool of the present invention and drilling method thereof use proof, and the laser drill drilling efficiency is 10～100 times of common mechanical type drilling efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 creeps into the overall structure sketch map of drilling tool for coal bed gas horizon mining of the present invention hole laser orientation.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to the cross section structure sketch map.
The depth signal receiving circuit figure of the control circuit that Fig. 3 creeps into drilling tool for the present invention.
Fig. 4 for the present invention to drilling tool creep into the drilling depth input with the transmission sketch map.
The microcontroller circuit figure of Fig. 5 for adopting among the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the electronic compass circuit diagram of control circuit among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the obliquity sensor circuit diagram of control circuit among the present invention.
Fig. 8 is drive stepping motor A drive circuit figure among the present invention.
Fig. 9 is drive stepping motor B drive circuit figure among the present invention.
Figure 10 is electric weight testing circuit among the present invention.
Figure 11 is 3.3V mu balanced circuit figure among the present invention.
Figure 12 is 12V and 5V mu balanced circuit figure among the present invention.
Among the above-mentioned figure: 1-drilling rod union; 2-transition conduit joint; 3-O type circle; 4-bearing cover A; 5-bearing BA; 6-uses in the hole end ring A; 7-fiber optic loop A; Ring CA in the 8-bearing connects; 9-control section chassis A; The 10-weighting block; 11-circuit board supporting base; The 12-circuit board; 13-circuit board pillar; 14-uses in the hole end ring B; 15-bearing BB; The 16-bearing connects outer shroud BB; The 17-collecting ring; 18-control section connector A; Ring CB in the 19-bearing connects; 20-stepper motor A; 21-shaft coupling A; The 22-gear shaft; The 23-internal gear; 24-shell connecting ring C; 25-shell D; 26-optical fiber; 27-fiber connector fixture A; 28-laser instrument partial rotation ring; 29-joint ring B; The 30-laser beam emitting head; Ring CC in the 31-bearing connects; 32-bearing CD; 33-drill bit apical ring; 34-drill bit top seal ring; 35-shell connecting ring D; 36-fiber connector fixture C; 37-fiber connector fixture B; The 38-motion bar; The 39-camshaft; 40-shaft coupling B; 41-stepper motor B; The 42-stepper motor connects chassis B; 43-bearing CC; The 44-bearing connects outer shroud CC; 45-internal gear connector; 46-shell C; 47-joint ring A; 48-shell connecting ring B; 49-bearing CB; The synchronous connector of 50-collecting ring; 51-collecting ring fixed connecting piece; The 52-taper bolt; 53-uses in the hole end ring C; 54-control section chassis B; Ring BB in the 55-bearing connects; 56-shell B; 57-control section rotating ring; The 58-battery case; 59-bearing CA; 60-shell connecting ring A; 61-shell A; 62-control section connector C; 63-shell connecting ring E; 64-bearing cover B; 65-fiber connector fixture D; The 66-hubcap; The little axle of 67-rotation; 68-bearing A.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description.
Embodiment 1: the structure that a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining of the present invention hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool is like Fig. 1, shown in 2; Drilling tool comprises laser beam emitting head and deflection control assembly, deflection execution unit and circuit part, and laser beam emitting head adopts the LLK-HP model in the HIGHYAG series of products.
Described laser beam emitting head deflection control assembly comprises ring CA8 in drilling rod union 1, transition conduit joint 2, bearing cover A4, fiber optic loop A7, the bearing connection, battery case 58, circuit board supporting base 11, the interior BB55 of ring of bearing connection and collecting ring 17; Described drilling rod union 1 and drilling rod are with being threaded; Drilling rod union 1, transition conduit joint 2, shell connecting ring E63, shell A61, shell connecting ring A60, shell B56, shell connecting ring B48 and shell C46 adopt screw thread to be linked in sequence, and ring CB19 also adopted screw thread to be linked in sequence in ring CA8, control section chassis A9, control section rotating ring 57, control section chassis B54, bearing connection outer shroud BB16, collecting ring fixed connecting piece 51, control section connector A18 were connected with bearing in control section connector C62, bearing connected, and bearing cover A4 is connected with screw with control section connector C62; Fiber optic loop A7 is installed among the bearing cover A4; And with 3 sealings of O type circle, fiber optic loop A7 fixes optical fiber 26, and control section connector C62 adopts bearing BA5 to be connected with fiber optic loop A7; The hole is installed among the control section connector C62 with end ring A6; Fix fiber optic loop A7, ring CA8 was connected with bearing CA59 with shell connecting ring A60 in bearing connected, and weighting block 10 is connected with control section rotating ring 57 screws; Battery case 58 is connected with control section chassis A9 screw; Battery case 58 is connected with control section chassis B54 screw, and circuit board supporting base 11 is connected with control section chassis A9 bolt, and circuit board supporting base 11 is connected with control section chassis B54 bolt; Circuit board supporting base 11 is connected with circuit board 12 bolts; Circuit board pillar 13 is installed on circuit board supporting base 11 and circuit board 12 bolts, fixed fiber 26 among the ring BB55 in bearing connects, and the interior ring of bearing connection BB55 is connected outer shroud BB16 and connects with bearing BB15 with bearing; The hole is installed on bearing with the hole with end ring C53 with end ring B14 and is connected among the outer shroud BB16; Be used for fixing bearing BB15, collecting ring 17 is installed on the collecting ring fixed connecting piece 51, and collecting ring 17 usefulness taper bolts 52 are fixing; Ring CB19 was connected with bearing CB49 with shell connecting ring B48 in bearing connected, and joint ring A47 is installed between shell connecting ring B48 and the shell connecting ring C24.
Described laser beam emitting head deflection execution unit comprises shell connecting ring C24, shell D25, internal gear 23, stepper motor A20, stepper motor B41, fiber connector fixture A27, fiber connector fixture B37, fiber connector fixture C36 and fiber connector fixture D65; Described shell connecting ring C24 and shell D25, shell connecting ring D35, drill bit apical ring 33 screw threads are linked in sequence; Internal gear 23, internal gear connector 45, bearing connection outer shroud CC44, stepper motor connect chassis B42, laser instrument partial rotation ring 28 is connected interior ring CC31 and also adopts screw thread to be linked in sequence with bearing; Stepper motor A20 is screwed and in bearing connects, encircles on the CB19; Stepper motor A20 is connected with gear shaft 22 usefulness shaft coupling A21, gear shaft 22 and internal gear 23 engaged transmission, and bearing connects outer shroud CC44 and is connected with bearing CC43 with shell connecting ring C24; The synchronous connector 50 of collecting ring is screwed on internal gear connector 45; The synchronous connector 50 of collecting ring is inserted in collecting ring 17 grooves, rotates synchronously to guarantee collecting ring rotor and internal gear 23, and drill bit top seal ring 34 is installed between shell connecting ring D35 and the drill bit apical ring 33; Stepper motor B41 adopts screw to connect on the B42 of chassis in stepper motor; Stepper motor B41 is connected with camshaft 39 usefulness shaft coupling B40, and fiber connector fixture A27 and fiber connector fixture B37 adopt bolt on laser beam emitting head 30, and motion bar 38 usefulness rivets are fixed on the fiber connector fixture B37; And be inserted in the groove of camshaft 39; Joint ring B29 is installed on stepper motor and connects between chassis B42 and the shell connecting ring D35, and ring CC31 connected with bearing CD32 in shell connecting ring D35 was connected with bearing, on the laser beam emitting head 30 double-screw bolt was arranged; Fiber connector fixture D65 is fixed on the laser beam emitting head 30 with nut; Fiber connector fixture D65 is connected with the little axle of rotation 67 usefulness bearing A68, rotates little axle 67 and is installed among the fiber connector fixture C36, and hubcap 66 is screwed on fiber connector fixture C36; On fiber connector fixture D65, fiber connector fixture C36 is screwed on laser instrument partial rotation ring 28 bearing cover B64 with bolt.
Described circuit part is installed on the circuit board, comprises control circuit, drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit.
Stepper motor A selects model 35BY48B04 four phase step motor among the present invention; Stepper motor B selects model 4,2BY,48H,J75 four phase decelerating step motor.
Control circuit among the present invention is provided with a microcontroller circuit, and connects drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit respectively by microcontroller circuit.
Referring to Fig. 3; Described drilling depth signal receiving circuit of the present invention is provided with HMC1021Z type magnetoresistive transducer acquired signal; Adopt 485-232 as converter serial ports receiving circuit, adopt the MAX3232 chip that the ground drilling depth signal of collecting is received in the microprocessor and handle.The 10th pin T2IN of described MAX3232 chip, the 9th pin R2OUT are connected with the 32nd pin P3.4, the 33rd pin P3.5 of microprocessor respectively; The 5th pin ground connection of MAX3232 chip the 15th pin GND and interface DB9; MAX3232 chip the 7th pin T2OUT, the 8th pin R2IN mouth are connected with interface DB9 the 2nd, 3 pins respectively; Ground connection behind electric capacity of MAX3232 chip the 6th pin V-series connection; Link to each other with the 5th pin C2-behind electric capacity of the 4th pin C2+ series connection of MAX3232 chip; Link to each other with the 3rd pin C1-behind electric capacity of MAX3232 chip the 1st pin C1+ series connection, connect the 3.3V power supply behind electric capacity of the 2nd pin V+ series connection of MAX3232 chip, the 16th pin VCC of MAX3232 chip also connects the 3.3V power supply.
The drilling depth signal receiving circuit is as shown in Figure 4 in the control circuit of the present invention.Every separated 5m drilling rod is provided with one outward and thickens iron hoop, according to the anisotropic magneto-resistive effect of strong magnetic metal, adopts HMC1021Z type magnetoresistive transducer, detects magnetic resistance, judges whether to creep into 5m, calculates drilling depth thus.Because serious decay can appear in the long distance output of analog quantity, so after magnetoresistance signal detects, connect a hardware circuit on the ground again; After signal was handled well, from the output of 232-485 converter, signal was inner through drilling rod; By the output of 485-232 converter, arrive on the hardware circuit of drill bit top again.
Referring to Fig. 5, be microcontroller circuit in the control circuit of the present invention, adopted the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer in the described microcontroller circuit; Also be provided with switch S 1, oscillator Y1 and oscillator Y2; Wherein switch S 1 is a reset key, and the low-speed clock among the MSP430F149 is to be made up of LFXT1 oscillator Y1, and mode of operation is the 32768Hz low frequency mode; Y1 is connected with microprocessor with the 9th pin XOUT through microprocessor the 8th pin XIN; High-frequency clock is to be made up of XT2 oscillator Y2, and operating frequency 8MHz is connected with microprocessor with the 52nd pin XT2OUT pin through the 53rd pin XT2IN.
Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7; Drilling tool state detection circuit of the present invention is provided with ZCC212N-TTL electronic compass and SCA60C obliquity sensor; The 2nd pin TXD of ZCC212N-TTL, the 1st pin RXD are connected with the 34th pin P3.6, the 35th pin P3.7 of microprocessor respectively, and the 7th pin Vout mouth of SCA60C is connected with the 59th pin P6.0 mouth of single-chip microcomputer.
Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9; Described stepper motor driving circuit is through two stepper motors of two identical driving circuit drives; Circuit adopts TLP521-4, L298N chip; The 2nd, 4,6,8 pins of the TLP521-4 chip of drive stepping motor A20 are connected with the 47-44 pin P5.3-P5.0 of single-chip microcomputer respectively; The 2nd, 4,6,8 pins of the TLP521-4 chip of drive stepping motor B41 are connected with the 43-40 pin P4.7-P4.4 of single-chip microcomputer respectively, and the 9th, 11,13,15 pins of two TLP521-4 chips are connected with the 12nd, 10,7, the 5 pin IN4-IN1 of L298N respectively;
Referring to Figure 10, described electric weight testing circuit is provided with the LM339 chip, is used to detect electric quantity of power supply;
Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12, described power supply stabilization circuit adopts chip 7805 with chip 1117 the voltage voltage stabilizing to be become 3.3V, adopts chip 7812 and chip 7805 that voltage is distinguished voltage stabilizing at 12V and 5V.
Embodiment 2: a kind of drilling method that the embodiment of the invention 1 described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool of using of the present invention specifically has the following steps:
⑴ be ready to described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation and creep into drilling tool, is ready to the drilling rod supporting with drilling tool simultaneously, and described drilling rod is on the drilling rod shell, whenever to be provided with one at a distance from 5m to thicken iron hoop;
⑵ transfer to the position that coal petrography needs drilling well with drilling tool, when beginning to creep into, opens the secondary air pump, lets secondary air that landwaste is taken away while creeping into;
⑶ pass through HMC1021Z type magnetoresistive transducer by the depth signal receiving circuit when creep into, detect, judge whether to creep into 5m, calculate drilling depth at the every separated set magnetic resistance that thickens iron hoop of 5m of drilling rod shell.After magnetoresistance signal detected, through connecting made of hardware circuits which process signal on the ground, signal is by the output of 232-485 converter, and was inner through drilling rod, again by the 485-232 converter, outputs on the hardware circuit of drill bit top; Whenever creep into the 5 m degree of depth, when microprocessor received the start pulse signal of drilling tool bottom, the prompting drilling depth increased 5m; Microprocessor control electronic compass and obliquity sensor are collected the azimuth simultaneously, the angle of slope signal is handled, and judge whether consistent with the value of setting;
When microprocessor monitors to creeping into actual path and setting track when inconsistent, microprocessor is adjusted stepper motor A20 automatically, internal gear 23 rotations; Drive whole laser beam emitting head 30 rotations, i.e. the unitary rotation of internal gear control laser beam emitting head is after adjustment arrives assigned address; Microprocessor adjustment stepper motor B41, the cam rotation drives laser beam emitting head 30 deflections; Be the deflection of cam control laser beam emitting head, arrive assigned address, until drill bit deflection is accomplished;
⑸ after accomplished drill bit deflection, microprocessor was adjusted stepper motor B41 automatically, and cam rotates to initial position; Then; Microprocessor is adjusted stepper motor A20 again, and internal gear 23 rotates to initial position, waits for that the inconsistent signal of actual path and desired trajectory occurs; So circulation adjustment is up to creeping into end.
Drilling tool of the present invention is through using proof, and drill bit consumes little.The mechanical type bit wear is bigger, and the present invention adopts the directional drilling of contactless broken rock mode, effectively reduces drill bit consumption.Adopt drilling tool of the present invention and drilling method at a distance from 5m actual drilling track and preset value to be compared automatic deviation correction through every, it is more accurate to rectify a deviation, and it is good to performance to control, and control is to more accurate; Simultaneously drilling efficiency is high, and the laser drill drilling efficiency is 10～100 times of common mechanical type drilling efficiency.
Claims (4)
1. a coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool, it is characterized in that: comprise laser beam emitting head and deflection control assembly thereof, deflection execution unit and circuit part;
Described laser beam emitting head adopts the HIGHYAG series of products;
Described laser beam emitting head deflection control assembly comprises ring CA in drilling rod union, transition conduit joint, control section connector C, bearing cover A, fiber optic loop A, the bearing connection, battery case, circuit board supporting base, the interior BB of ring of bearing connection and collecting ring; Described drilling rod union and drilling rod are with being threaded, and drilling rod union and transition conduit joint, shell connecting ring E, shell A, shell connecting ring A, shell B, shell connecting ring B and shell C adopt screw thread to be linked in sequence; Ring CB also adopted screw thread to be linked in sequence in ring CA, control section chassis A, control section rotating ring, control section chassis B, bearing connection outer shroud BB, collecting ring fixed connecting piece, control section connector A were connected with bearing in described control section connector C was connected with bearing; Described bearing cover A is fixed on the control section connector C, and fiber optic loop A is installed among the bearing cover A, and seals with O type circle; Described fiber optic loop A fixes optical fiber, and control section connector C adopts bearing BA to be connected with fiber optic loop A, and the hole is installed among the control section connector C with end ring A, fixes fiber optic loop A; Ring CA was connected with bearing CA with shell connecting ring A in described bearing connected; Described battery case is fixed between control section chassis A and the control section chassis B, and weighting block is fixed on the control section rotating ring; Described circuit board supporting base is fixed between control section chassis A and the control section chassis B, and the circuit board supporting base is fixed on the circuit board, and the circuit board pillar is installed between circuit board supporting base and the circuit board; Ring BB fixed optical fiber in described bearing connected, and the interior ring of bearing connection BB is connected outer shroud BB and connects with bearing BB with bearing, and the hole is installed on bearing with the hole with end ring C with end ring B and is connected among the outer shroud BB, is used for fixing bearing BB; Described collecting ring is installed in the collecting ring fixed connecting piece, and collecting ring is fixed with taper bolt, and ring CB was connected with bearing CB with shell connecting ring B in bearing connected, and joint ring A is installed between shell connecting ring B and the shell connecting ring C;
Described laser beam emitting head deflection execution unit comprises shell connecting ring C, shell D, internal gear, stepper motor and fiber connector fixture; Described shell connecting ring C and shell D, shell connecting ring D and drill bit apical ring screw thread are linked in sequence, and described internal gear, internal gear connector, bearing connection outer shroud CC, stepper motor connect chassis B, laser instrument partial rotation ring is connected interior ring CC and also adopts screw thread to be linked in sequence with bearing; Described stepper motor is provided with stepper motor A and stepper motor B; Stepper motor A is screwed and in bearing connects, encircles on the CB; Stepper motor A is connected with shaft coupling A with gear shaft, gear shaft and internal gear engaged transmission, and bearing connects outer shroud CC and is connected with bearing CC with shell connecting ring C; The synchronous connector of collecting ring is fixed on the internal gear connector; And be connected with collecting ring, rotating synchronously to guarantee collecting ring rotor and internal gear, drill bit top seal ring is installed between shell connecting ring D and the drill bit apical ring; Stepper motor B is fixed in stepper motor and connects on the B of chassis, and stepper motor B is connected with shaft coupling B with camshaft; Described fiber connector fixture is provided with fiber connector fixture A, fiber connector fixture B, fiber connector fixture C and fiber connector fixture D; Wherein fiber connector fixture A and fiber connector fixture B are fixed in an end of laser beam emitting head; Motion bar is fixed on the fiber connector fixture B; And be inserted in the groove of camshaft; Joint ring B is installed on stepper motor and connects between chassis B and the shell connecting ring D, and ring CC connected with bearing CD in shell connecting ring D was connected with bearing; Described fiber connector fixture D is fixed on the other end of laser beam emitting head; Fiber connector fixture D is connected with bearing A with the little axle of rotation; Rotating little axle is installed among the fiber connector fixture C; Hubcap is fixed on the fiber connector fixture C, and bearing cover B is fixed on the fiber connector fixture D, and fiber connector fixture C is fixed on the laser instrument partial rotation ring;
Described circuit part is installed on the circuit board, comprises control circuit, drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit.
2. a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining according to claim 1 hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool, it is characterized in that: described stepper motor A selects model 35BY48B04 four phase step motor; Stepper motor B selects model 4,2BY,48H,J75 four phase decelerating step motor.
3. a kind of coal bed gas horizon mining according to claim 1 hole laser orientation creeps into drilling tool; It is characterized in that: described control circuit is provided with a microcontroller circuit, and connects drilling tool state detection circuit, drilling depth signal receiving circuit, stepper motor driving circuit, electric weight testing circuit and power supply stabilization circuit respectively by microcontroller circuit;
Adopted the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer in the described microcontroller circuit, also be provided with switch S 1, oscillator Y1 and oscillator Y2, wherein switch S 1 is a reset key; Low-speed clock among the MSP430F149 is to be made up of LFXT1 oscillator Y1; Mode of operation is the 32768Hz low frequency mode, and Y1 is connected with microprocessor through two pins of microprocessor XIN and XOUT, and high-frequency clock is to be made up of XT2 oscillator Y2; Operating frequency 8MHz is connected with microprocessor with the XT2OUT pin through XT2IN;
Described drilling tool state detection circuit is provided with ZCC212N-TTL electronic compass and SCA60C obliquity sensor, and the drilling tool state detection circuit is used to detect drill bit inclination angle and azimuth;
Described drilling depth signal receiving circuit is provided with the MAX3232 chip; The 10th pin T2IN of MAX3232 chip, the 9th pin R2OUT are connected with the 32nd pin P3.4, the 33rd pin P3.5 of microprocessor respectively; It is as the serial ports receiving circuit, the ground drilling depth signal of collecting is received in the microprocessor handle;
Described stepper motor driving circuit drives two stepper motors respectively through two identical drive circuits, and circuit adopts TLP521-4 and L298N chip;
Described electric weight testing circuit is provided with the LM339 chip, is used to detect electric quantity of power supply;
Described power supply stabilization circuit adopts chip 7805 with chip 1117 the voltage voltage stabilizing to be become 3.3V, adopts chip 7812 and chip 7805 that voltage is distinguished voltage stabilizing at 12V and 5V.
4. an application rights requires 1 described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation to creep into the drilling method of drilling tool, and it is characterized in that: the concrete operations step is following:
⑴ be ready to described coal bed gas horizon mining hole laser orientation and creep into drilling tool, is ready to the drilling rod supporting with drilling tool simultaneously, and described drilling rod is on the drilling rod shell, whenever to be provided with one at a distance from 5m to thicken iron hoop;
⑵ transfer to the position that coal petrography needs drilling well with drilling tool, when beginning to creep into, opens the secondary air pump, lets secondary air that landwaste is taken away while creeping into;
⑶ pass through HMC1021Z type magnetoresistive transducer by the depth signal receiving circuit when creep into, detect, judge whether to creep into 5m at the every magnetic resistance that thickens iron hoop that is provided with at a distance from 5m of drilling rod shell; Calculate drilling depth, after magnetoresistance signal detects, through connecting made of hardware circuits which process signal on the ground; Signal is exported by the 232-485 converter; Inner through drilling rod, again by the 485-232 converter, output on the hardware circuit in place, the drill bit top drilling tool; Whenever creep into the 5m degree of depth, when microprocessor received the start pulse signal of drilling tool bottom, the prompting drilling depth increased 5m; Microprocessor control electronic compass and obliquity sensor are collected the azimuth simultaneously, the angle of slope signal is handled, and judge whether consistent with the value of setting;
When microprocessor monitors to creeping into actual path and setting track when inconsistent, microprocessor adjustment stepper motor A, internal gear rotation; Drive whole laser beam emitting head rotation, arrive assigned address, then; Microprocessor adjustment stepper motor B, the cam rotation drives laser beam emitting head deflection; Arrive assigned address, until drill bit deflection is accomplished;
⑸ after accomplish drill bit deflection, microprocessor adjustment stepper motor B, cam rotates to initial position; Then, microprocessor is adjusted stepper motor A again, and internal gear rotates to initial position; Wait for that the inconsistent signal of actual path and desired trajectory occurs, so circulation adjustment is up to creeping into end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210283476.1A CN102808580B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Laser directional drilling tool for coal-bed-methane level development hole and drilling method using same |
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| CN201210283476.1A CN102808580B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Laser directional drilling tool for coal-bed-methane level development hole and drilling method using same |
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| CN104712249B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-24 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The experimental technique of a kind of simulated laser well drilling and rock crushing and experimental provision |
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| CN108343380A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine nearly horizontal drilling directional type spin orientation boring means and method |
| CN110374496A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-25 | 中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司 | A kind of lava drilling apparatus and the method for tunnel construction based on lava technology |
| CN110411979A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of gas concentration measuring apparatus and method of the coal petrography generation of laser drilling |
| CN113374473A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 四川大学 | Assisted rock breaking device of simulation moon base environment drilling process laser |
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| CN110411979A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of gas concentration measuring apparatus and method of the coal petrography generation of laser drilling |
| CN110411979B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2023-08-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Device and method for measuring concentration of gas generated by laser drilling coal rock |
| CN113374473A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 四川大学 | Assisted rock breaking device of simulation moon base environment drilling process laser |
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