CN110371244B

CN110371244B - Method for avoiding dangerous area of liquid cargo ship

Info

Publication number: CN110371244B
Application number: CN201910702860.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 包霖
Original assignee: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-31
Filing date: 2019-07-31
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-31
Also published as: CN110371244A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a method for avoiding a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship, which comprises the following steps: s1, assembling and welding the tank wall plates to divide the ship cabin into a cargo oil tank, an isolation air tank, a ballast tank and a cargo pump tank; s2, polishing and carrying out flaw detection on the welding seams between the bulkhead plates; s3, carrying out airtight tests on the cargo oil tank, the isolation empty tank, the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank; s4, arranging isolation pieces at included angles between the isolation empty tank and the cargo oil tank, and between the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank along the height direction, dividing the isolation empty tank into an isolation empty tank main body and an isolation cavity by the isolation pieces, and positioning the isolation cavity at the included angles. The isolation empty cabin is divided into two parts by the isolating piece, so that leaked oil gas can only be positioned in the isolation cavity, a combustible gas inspection device does not need to be arranged in the isolation empty cabin body, inerting explosion-proof measures do not need to be carried out on the cabin, and the ship construction cost is reduced.

Description

Method for avoiding dangerous area of liquid cargo ship

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a method for avoiding a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship.

Background

For a liquid cargo ship which is loaded with cargo oil or chemicals with the flash point not exceeding 60 ℃, in order to ensure the operation and installation of the ship, the classification society of various countries defines certain areas of the ship as dangerous areas due to the characteristics of inflammable and explosive volatilization of the volatile oil gas. These areas include, in addition to the cargo tanks themselves that carry cargo, those areas that are susceptible to the effects of hydrocarbons that volatilize from the cargo, with isolated empty and ballast tanks and the like adjacent to the cargo tanks also being hazardous areas.

For adjacent cargo tanks, in addition to the conventional compartments having a common bulkhead with the cargo tank, those compartments which are adjacent to the top corner although they do not have a common bulkhead with the cargo tank, the compartments adjacent to the top corner of the cargo tank are often also defined as hazardous areas, requiring a design related to the requirements of the hazardous area, taking into account the possibility of leakage in the vicinity of the top corner. Because the dangerous area is possible to collect inflammable and explosive oil gas, and the risk of deflagration exists, the specification requires that various electrical equipment installed in the dangerous area must meet the spark-free explosion-proof requirement of a specific grade, and in addition, a combustible gas inspection device and a measure for timely inerting and explosion-proof the cabin when the combustible gas exceeds the standard are also required to be arranged. The above arrangement increases the construction cost of the ship.

Therefore, a method for avoiding dangerous areas of a cargo ship is needed to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for avoiding a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship, which can reduce the construction cost investment of the liquid cargo ship in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an avoidance method of a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship comprises the following steps:

s1, assembling and welding the tank wall plates to divide the ship cabin into a cargo oil tank, an isolation air tank, a ballast tank and a cargo pump tank;

s2, polishing and carrying out flaw detection on the welding seams between the bulkhead plates;

s3, carrying out airtight tests on the cargo oil tank, the isolation empty tank, the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank;

s4, arranging isolation pieces at included angles between the isolation empty tank and the cargo oil tank, and between the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank along the height direction, dividing the isolation empty tank into an isolation empty tank main body and an isolation cavity by the isolation pieces, and positioning the isolation cavity at the included angles.

Preferably, in step S4, the spacers are fixedly disposed at the included corners by full-length welding.

Preferably, the spacer used in step S4 is a round steel, a steel pipe, or a flat iron.

Preferably, the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank are both provided with sparkless explosion-proof type electrical equipment.

Preferably, the ballast tank and the cargo pump tank are both provided with combustible gas detection devices.

Preferably, the combustible gas detection device is a broadband gas leak detector.

Preferably, the material of the bulkhead plate used in step S1 is steel.

Preferably, step S1 further includes performing rust prevention treatment on the bulkhead plate.

Preferably, the surface of the bulkhead plate is coated with a rust-proof layer.

Preferably, the material of the rust preventive layer is paint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method for avoiding the dangerous area of the liquid cargo ship comprises the steps of firstly assembling and welding the bulkhead plates to divide the ship cabin into a cargo oil cabin, an isolation empty cabin, a ballast cabin and a cargo pump cabin, arranging isolation pieces at included angles among the isolation empty cabin, the cargo oil cabin, the ballast cabin and the cargo pump cabin along the height direction, dividing the isolation empty cabin into an isolation empty cabin main body and an isolation cavity by the isolation pieces, and enabling the isolation cavity to be located at the included angles. The isolation empty cabin is divided into two parts by adopting the isolating piece, so that leaked oil gas can only be positioned in the isolation cavity, and no oil gas exists in the isolation empty cabin main body, so that a combustible gas inspection device does not need to be arranged in the isolation empty cabin main body, inerting explosion-proof measures are not needed to be carried out on the cabin, and the ship construction cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view of a prior art cargo tanker cabin division;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of evading a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view of a cargo compartment of a tanker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

In the figure:

1' -cargo tanks; 2' -isolating the empty cabin; 3' -ballast tanks; 4' -cargo pump compartments;

1-cargo oil tank; 2, isolating an empty cabin; 3-ballast tank; 4-cargo pump room; 5-a spacer; 6-bulkhead plate.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings and the embodiment. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a typical compartment division partial illustration and corresponding danger zone distribution of a prior art cargo tanker, a cargo tank 1 ' is located at the rearmost part of the cargo tanker, and ballast tanks 3 ' are provided adjacent to the common wall thereof on both sides thereof, a cargo pump tank 4 ' is provided adjacent to the common wall thereof behind the cargo tank, and isolation empty tanks 2 ' are provided on both sides of the cargo pump tank 4 ', and the two isolation empty tanks 2 ' are respectively adjacent to the top corners of the cargo tank 1 '. The cargo tank 1' belongs to a ZONE 0 level danger area defined by the requirements of classification society specifications; the ballast tanks 3 ' which are located in the same wall as the cargo tank 1 ', the cargo pump tanks 4 ' and the isolated empty tanks 2 ' which are located adjacent to the top corners of the cargo tank 1 ' belong to the ZONE 1 class of danger ZONE. In order to ensure the safety of the operation of the ship, the interior of the ballast tank 3 ', the cargo pump tank 4 ' and the isolated empty tank 2 ' must be provided with a combustible gas detection device, the interior of the ballast tank, the cargo pump tank and the isolated empty tank must meet the requirement of a certain level of sparkless explosion-proof level, and a certain air inerting or fire extinguishing device needs to be configured.

In order to reduce the cost investment in the construction process of the liquid cargo ship, as shown in fig. 2-4, the invention provides an avoiding method of a dangerous area of the liquid cargo ship, which comprises the following steps:

s1, assembling and welding the bulkhead plates 6 to divide the ship into a cargo oil tank 1, an isolation air tank 2, a ballast tank 3 and a cargo pump tank 4;

s2, polishing and flaw detection are carried out on the welding seams between the bulkhead plates 6;

s3, carrying out airtight test on the cargo oil tank 1, the isolated empty tank 2, the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4;

s4, arranging isolation pieces 5 at included angles between the isolation empty tank 2 and the cargo oil tank 1, between the ballast tank 3 and between the isolation empty tank 2 and the cargo pump tank 4 along the height direction, dividing the isolation empty tank 2 into an isolation empty tank main body and an isolation cavity by the isolation pieces 5, and enabling the isolation cavity to be located at the included angles.

When the partition 5 is installed in step S4, the contact position between the partition 5 and the bulkhead plate 6 at the included angle needs to be fully welded, and the partition 5 is fixed to the included angle. To ensure the gas-tight effect of the entire weld and the installed spacers 5 completely cover the entire angle at the corners between the isolated empty tank 2 and the cargo tank 1, the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4. Like this, isolation spare 5 will keep apart empty cabin 2 and cut apart into isolation empty cabin main part and isolation chamber, keep apart the chamber between isolation empty cabin main part and cargo oil tank 1, make and keep apart empty cabin 2 and the cargo oil tank 1 between break away from the adjacent relation of "apex angle", so even the condition that the bulkhead of cargo oil tank 1 appears leaking, oil gas can only leak to the isolation intracavity in isolation empty cabin 2's direction, because keep apart the chamber and keep apart the isolation spare 5 that has airtight setting between the empty cabin main part, oil gas can not further volatilize and leak to keeping apart in empty cabin 2. In this way, the isolation empty compartments 2 become "safe zones", i.e. a "danger zone avoidance" of the isolation empty compartments 2 adjacent to the top corners of the cargo tanks 1 is achieved. After the method for avoiding the dangerous area of the liquid cargo ship is adopted, the insulating empty cabin 2 is changed from the dangerous area of the original ZONE 1 level into the safe area, so that the electric equipment in the insulating empty cabin 2 only needs to be configured conventionally, spark-free explosion-proof electric equipment is not needed, and the combustible gas detection devices and air inerting measures are not needed to be configured in the two insulating empty cabins 2, so that the construction cost of the liquid cargo ship is reduced.

Further, the spacer 5 used in step S4 is a round steel, a steel pipe, or a flat iron. Round steel or steel pipes are adopted and welded with the two sides of the included angle, and an isolation cavity is formed between the arc on the round steel or steel pipes and the included angle; and flat iron is adopted, two sides of the flat iron are welded with two sides of the included angle, and one side of the flat iron facing the corner and the corner form an isolation cavity. And round steel, steel pipe or band iron cost are lower, when satisfying the construction requirement, can further reduce the cost.

Further, since the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4 are both adjacent to the cargo tank 1, they belong to the ZONE 1 level danger ZONE. In order to ensure the safety of the operation of the ship, combustible gas detection devices must be arranged in the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4, electric and mechanical equipment arranged in the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4 must meet the requirement of a certain level of spark-free explosion-proof level, and spark-free explosion-proof type electric equipment is arranged in the ballast tank 3 and the cargo pump tank 4. And certain air inerting or fire extinguishing devices are configured according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the combustible gas detection device is preferably a broadband gas leak detector. The broadband gas leak detector can realize the detection of combustible gas in a wide range, has high sensitivity to the tiny amount of mist and gas-like still compounds, and can well meet the detection requirement.

Further, since the tanker requires the tank body to have a certain strength, the material of the bulkhead plate 6 used in step S1 is steel. Since the bulkhead plate 6 is corroded and damaged by seawater, rain water, moist air, or the like during the sailing of the tanker, step S1 further includes performing rust prevention treatment on the bulkhead plate 6, and in this embodiment, a rust prevention layer is applied to the surface of the bulkhead plate 6. The antirust layer is made of paint. The coating of the anti-rust layer can separate water vapor from the bulkhead plate 6, so that the bulkhead plate 6 is prevented from being corroded, and the service life of the bulkhead plate 6 is prolonged. The construction cost of the liquid cargo ship can be reduced by adopting the paint. Of course, in other embodiments, the bulkhead plate 6 may be made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion; the bulkhead sheet 6 may also be coated with a rust inhibiting coating or treated with other rust inhibiting measures, without limitation.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An avoidance method of a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, assembling and welding the bulkhead plates (6) to divide the cabin into a cargo oil tank (1), an isolation air tank (2), a ballast tank (3) and a cargo pump tank (4), wherein the isolation air tank (2) is adjacent to the top corner of the cargo oil tank (1);

s2, polishing and carrying out flaw detection on the welding seams between the bulkhead plates (6);

s3, carrying out airtight test on the cargo oil tank (1), the isolation empty tank (2), the ballast tank (3) and the cargo pump tank (4);

s4, a partition (5) is arranged at an included angle between the isolation empty tank (2) and the cargo oil tank (1), between the ballast tank (3) and the cargo pump tank (4) along the height direction, the isolation empty tank (2) is divided into an isolation empty tank main body and an isolation cavity by the partition (5), and the isolation cavity is located at the included angle.

2. An avoidance method for a dangerous area of a liquid cargo ship according to claim 1, wherein said spacer (5) is fixedly arranged at said included angle by full welding in said step S4.

3. The method for avoiding dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 1, wherein the spacer (5) used in step S4 is round steel, steel pipe or flat iron.

4. A method of evasion of dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 1, characterized in that said ballast tank (3) and said cargo pump tank (4) are each provided with spark-free explosion-proof type electrical equipment.

5. A method of evading dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 1, characterized in that said ballast tank (3) and said cargo pump tank (4) are provided with combustible gas detection means.

6. The method for avoiding the dangerous area of the liquid cargo ship according to claim 5, wherein the combustible gas detection device is a broadband gas leak detector.

7. Method for avoiding a danger area of a liquid cargo ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the bulkhead plate (6) used in step S1 is steel.

8. The method for avoiding dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 1, wherein said step S1 further comprises performing rust prevention treatment on said bulkhead plate (6).

9. An evasion method for dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 8, characterized in that the surface of said bulkhead plate (6) is coated with a rust preventive layer.

10. An evasion method for dangerous areas of liquid cargo ships according to claim 9, characterized in that said rust preventive layer is made of paint.