CN110369116B - Method for selecting blueberry foreign matters - Google Patents
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- CN110369116B CN110369116B CN201910781565.0A CN201910781565A CN110369116B CN 110369116 B CN110369116 B CN 110369116B CN 201910781565 A CN201910781565 A CN 201910781565A CN 110369116 B CN110369116 B CN 110369116B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/44—Application of particular media therefor
- B03B5/442—Application of particular media therefor composition of heavy media
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for selecting blueberry foreign matters.The method realizes the screening of the blueberries, particularly frozen blueberries, by using the white granulated sugar solution with certain concentration and temperature, and efficiently removes impurities such as leaves, stems, hairs, gravels and the like. The invention overcomes the defects of the blueberry selector, and realizes high-efficiency low-loss selection of the blueberries by utilizing the temperature, density and viscosity of the white granulated sugar solution; the use of pectin methylesterase effectively prevents the epidermis of the blueberries from being damaged by high temperature and sugar liquid, improves the integrity of the screened blueberries, prolongs the quality guarantee period and improves the freezing resistance of the blueberries; CaCl2The use of the composition further reduces the rate of skin breakage, prolongs the protection period and improves the freezing resistance. The method is simple and rapid, has high selection efficiency, can realize the nondestructive selection of the blueberries, can repeatedly use the sugar solution, and has lower process cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for selecting blueberry foreign matters.
Background
Wild blueberries grow in original forests in north of Khingan mountains of China, can resist severe cold of minus 50 ℃, roots grow in frozen soil all the year round, and fruits of the wild blueberries are rich in nutrients. The wild blueberry has extremely high nutritive value and is a rare wild fruit.
Due to the limitation of harvesting conditions, blueberries, especially wild blueberries, contain blueberry stems and blueberry leaves and other foreign matters such as stones and hairs, and are usually screened by a blueberry sorting machine or manually screened. However, the existing blueberry sorting machine has limited sorting effect, is easy to mix a certain amount of foreign matters and is easy to damage blueberries; manual screening is inefficient. Therefore, a screening method with high efficiency and small damage to blueberry fruits is an urgent need in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a blueberry selection method, which comprises the following specific steps:
a method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a mixture of 1: 5-1: 6, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) adjusting the temperature of the solution in the container to 40-45 deg.C, and stirring continuously during the temperature adjustment process to fully dissolve white sugar;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries, continuously stirring for 3-5min, floating stems and leaves mixed and stuck on the quick-frozen blueberries on the water surface, suspending the blueberries in sugar liquid, and precipitating sand and stone impurities at the bottom of a container;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
After stirring is stopped, the sand and stone impurities are completely precipitated at the bottom of the container; the sugar solution can improve the density of the solution, enable impurities such as leaves, stems, hairs and the like to float upwards, and enable blueberries to suspend; the sugar solution also has certain viscosity, so that the blueberry is easy to suspend in a certain sugar solution concentration range. Higher temperature is beneficial to the separation of leaves, stems and blueberries.
Preferably, the blueberries are frozen blueberries.
The blueberries are easy to soften and deteriorate at normal temperature, and are usually stored in a quick-freezing mode, and leaves, stems and the like are adhered or frozen on the surfaces of the blueberries under the freezing condition and are difficult to separate; and impurities such as leaves, stems, dust and the like can be separated from the blueberries by properly heating, and further float on the liquid surface through the change of the density of the solution.
Preferably, 0.03 wt% to 0.04 wt% of pectin methylesterase is added to the solution in step (2).
The pectin methyl esterase can esterify the pectin methyl of the blueberry, particularly the blueberry epidermis, and experiments prove that the pectin methyl esterase can prevent the blueberry epidermis from being damaged by high temperature and sugar liquid, so that the integrity of the screened blueberry is improved; experiments also prove that the pectin methylesterase can prolong the shelf life and the freezing resistance of the screened blueberries.
Further preferably, 0.06 wt% -0.08 wt% of CaCl is also added into the solution in the step (2)2。
CaCl2The blueberry can be hardened; the experimental result proves that CaCl2Can form a synergistic effect with pectin methylesterase, further reduce the peeling rate, prolong the shelf life and improve the freezing resistance.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 3-1: 4.
preferably, the mass ratio of the white granulated sugar to the water is 1: 5.
preferably, the temperature of the solution in step (2) is adjusted to 45 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention overcomes the defects of the blueberry selector, and realizes high-efficiency low-loss selection of blueberries, particularly frozen blueberries, by utilizing the temperature, density and viscosity of the white granulated sugar solution; the use of pectin methylesterase effectively prevents the epidermis of the blueberries from being damaged by high temperature and sugar liquid, improves the integrity of the screened blueberries, prolongs the quality guarantee period, and improves the blueberry resistanceFreezing property; CaCl2The use of the composition further reduces the rate of skin breakage, prolongs the protection period and improves the freezing resistance. The method is simple and rapid, has high selection efficiency, can realize the nondestructive selection of the blueberries, can repeatedly use the sugar solution, and has lower process cost.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
The blueberries in the embodiment are quick-frozen wild blueberries which are not selected, and are quickly frozen at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero after being picked, and the freezing time is 1 year.
White granulated sugar and CaCl in examples2Is a common material sold in the market; pectin methylesterase was purchased from Distman, Netherlands, model PEP pectin methylesterase with a viability of 5000 PEU/g; the selection container used was an open jacketed kettle, purchased from Tai' an Prolate machinery manufacturing Co., Ltd, model 300L/0.25 MPa.
Example 1
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 42 ℃, and continuously stirring in the temperature raising process to fully dissolve the white granulated sugar;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 5 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 3;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 2
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 40 ℃, and continuously stirring in the temperature raising process to fully dissolve the white granulated sugar;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 3 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 3
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 45 ℃, and continuously stirring in the temperature raising process to fully dissolve the white granulated sugar;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 4 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 4
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 45 ℃, continuously stirring in the temperature raising process, and adding 0.03 wt% of pectin methylesterase in terms of the solution in the stirring process to fully dissolve the white granulated sugar and uniformly disperse the enzyme;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 4 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 5
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 45 ℃, continuously stirring in the temperature raising process, and adding 0.04 wt% of pectin methylesterase in terms of the solution in the stirring process to fully dissolve the white granulated sugar and uniformly disperse the enzyme;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 4 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 6
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 45 ℃, continuously stirring in the temperature raising process, and adding 0.04 wt% of pectin methylesterase and 0.06 wt% of CaCl in terms of the solution in the stirring process2Fully dissolving the white granulated sugar and uniformly dispersing the enzyme;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 4 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Example 7
A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the mixture into an open jacketed kettle according to the mass ratio of 1:5, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) raising the temperature of the solution in the open jacketed kettle to 45 ℃, continuously stirring in the temperature raising process, and adding 0.04 wt% of pectin methylesterase and 0.08 wt% of CaCl in terms of the solution in the stirring process2Fully dissolving the white granulated sugar and uniformly dispersing the enzyme;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 4 min; the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 4;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water.
Experiment of
Experiment 1
Comparing the blueberry breakage rate of examples 3-7, wherein the breakage rate is the mass ratio of the broken blueberry peels to the total blueberry amount;
the shelf life of comparative examples 3-7, which is the time for 10 wt% of blueberries to be soft or mouldy at 4 ℃ under refrigeration after the damaged blueberries are removed;
in comparison with the freezing resistance of examples 3-7, the damaged blueberries in the blueberries obtained in examples 3-7 are removed, the blueberries are frozen at-20 ℃ for 6 months, and then the shelf life of the blueberries at 4 ℃ is examined, wherein the shelf life is 10 wt% of the time when the blueberries are soft or mildewed under the refrigeration condition at 4 ℃.
The results of the above experiments are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison table of breakage rate, shelf life and freezing resistance
| Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | |
| Breakage Rate (% by weight) | 12.8 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| Shelf life (h) | 26 | 68 | 75 | 80 | 83 |
| Shelf life (h) after 6 months of freezing | 8 | 53 | 55 | 68 | 76 |
The blueberries used in the examples were all frozen for 1 year. The texture of the blueberries is damaged by freezing, sugar solution and high temperature, so that the blueberry fruit juice has a certain damage rate and the shelf life is shortened. The temperature rise can improve the screening efficiency of the blueberries, so that the blueberry leaves can be separated more quickly, but the breakage rate can be increased. As shown in table 1, when the temperature of the sugar solution is raised to 45 ℃, although the screening efficiency is improved, a certain damage rate still exists, and the quality guarantee period is short, so that the sugar solution is suitable for immediate processing and is difficult to sell again; after being frozen again, the shelf life is shorter, and the freezing resistance is not ideal. Experimental results prove that the use of pectin methylesterase in the examples 4 and 5 effectively prevents the epidermis of the blueberry from being damaged by high temperature and sugar liquid, improves the integrity of the screened blueberry, obviously prolongs the quality guarantee period and improves the freezing resistance; CaCl in examples 6 and 72The use of the composition further reduces the rate of skin breakage, prolongs the protection period and improves the freezing resistance. Pectin methylesterase, CaCl2Can support a modest increase in screening temperature, thereby increasing screening efficiency.
Experiment 2
The influence of different amounts of white granulated sugar and sugar solution temperatures on screening is verified, the influence of sugar solutions with different proportions on screening of blueberries under the conditions that the sugar solution temperature is 40 ℃ and the mass ratio of the blueberries to water is 1:4 is verified, and the influence is shown in table 2; the screening influence of different sugar solution temperatures on white granulated sugar is verified under the conditions that the mass ratio of white granulated sugar to water is 1:5 and the mass ratio of blueberry to water is 1:4, and the screening influence is shown in table 3.
TABLE 240 ℃ screening influence of different proportions of sugar solutions on blueberry (screening time 3min)
| Ratio of white granulated sugar to water | Blueberry conditions | Condition of blueberry leaves |
| 1:15 | Dispersed in sugar solution | Does not float |
| 1:10 | Suspended in sugar solution | Partial floating |
| 1:5 | Suspended in sugar solution | All float |
| 3:10 | Part of blueberries float upwards | All float |
| 3:5 | Whole blueberry floating | All float |
TABLE 3 influence of different sugar solution temperatures on white granulated sugar screening (screening time 3min) with a white granulated sugar to water mass ratio of 1:5
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for selecting blueberry foreign matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a mixture of 1: 5-1: 6, white granulated sugar and water;
(2) adjusting the temperature of the solution in the container to 40-45 deg.C, and stirring continuously during the temperature adjustment process to fully dissolve white sugar;
(3) after the target temperature is reached, adding the blueberries and continuously stirring for 3-5 min;
(4) stopping stirring, skimming off stems and leaves of the blueberries on the water surface, and collecting and draining the blueberries suspended in the water;
wherein the blueberry is frozen blueberry;
wherein, pectin methylesterase is added into the solution in the step (2), and the addition amount of the pectin methylesterase is 0.03-0.04 wt%;
wherein, CaCl with the weight percent of 0.06 percent to 0.08 percent is also added into the solution in the step (2)2；
Wherein the mass ratio of the blueberries to the water is 1: 3-1:4.
2. The method for selecting the blueberry foreign matters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the white granulated sugar to the water is 1: 5.
3. the method for selecting the blueberry foreign matters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the solution in the step (2) is adjusted to 45 ℃.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB180658A (en) * | 1921-05-27 | 1923-08-03 | Warren Seed Cleaning Company | Method of and apparatus for separating mixed bodies of different specific gravity |
| CN102861660A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-09 | 攀枝花学院 | Nondestructive separating method for mixture of copper wires and scum |
| CN107259591A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-10-20 | 湖南大三湘油茶生态产业有限公司 | The camellia oleifera fruit heat treatment method of FLOTATION SEPARATION |
| CN207450306U (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-06-05 | 澄江星星蓝莓农民专业合作社 | The screening of Blueberry and equipment integrating is packed automatically |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004237683A (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2004-08-26 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Method for separating and recovering polymeric material of laminate |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB180658A (en) * | 1921-05-27 | 1923-08-03 | Warren Seed Cleaning Company | Method of and apparatus for separating mixed bodies of different specific gravity |
| CN102861660A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-09 | 攀枝花学院 | Nondestructive separating method for mixture of copper wires and scum |
| CN107259591A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-10-20 | 湖南大三湘油茶生态产业有限公司 | The camellia oleifera fruit heat treatment method of FLOTATION SEPARATION |
| CN207450306U (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-06-05 | 澄江星星蓝莓农民专业合作社 | The screening of Blueberry and equipment integrating is packed automatically |
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