CN110367942A - Photoacoustic imaging system and method - Google Patents
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- A61B5/0093—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
- A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
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- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
- A61B8/4488—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer the transducer being a phased array
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of photoacoustic imaging system and methods, object to be imaged can be excited to generate photoacoustic signal by laser, and the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space is acquired by three-dimensional phase array transducer, realize three-dimensional imaging, and acquisition rate to photoacoustic signal can be improved, there is preferable image quality.The present invention carries out low noise amplification, filtering and high-speed parallel analog-to-digital conversion to the multichannel photoacoustic signal of capture, is rebuild, handled and is shown to image, can restore the three-dimensional spatial distribution of absorber in object to be imaged；Multispectral imaging is carried out by scanning laser wavelength, the noninvasive characterization of chemical component may be implemented；The frequency spectrum that ultrasonic signal is received by analysis, may be implemented the noninvasive characterization of physical property；Accelerated by GPU, the processing speed of multiple signals and image can be promoted；Multiple rows of photoacoustic imaging may be implemented, obtain three dimensional volumetric image at a high speed, solve the problems, such as that traditional photoacoustic imaging is typically only capable to carry out two-dimentional tomographic imaging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photoacoustic, more specifically, being related to a kind of photoacoustic imaging system and method.
Background technique
Compared with traditional ultrasonic detecting technology, ultrasound phase-control technology has the advantages that very much.Ultrasound phase-control technology uses
Electronic method controls acoustic beam deflection, focuses and scan, and can carry out efficiently in the case where not moving or moving energy converter less
Scanning, and there is good acoustic beam accessibility, can object under test to complex geometric shapes and its blind area detect, may be used also
To pass through optimal control focal spot size, burnt area's depth and sound beam direction, so that the performances such as detection resolution and signal-to-noise ratio are mentioned
Height, so that detection image is more clear, so that detection speed is quicker.
Due to having the above advantages, photoacoustic imaging system and method based on ultrasound phase-control technology are widely used in doctor
The fields such as ultrasonic imaging and industrial nondestructive testing.Phase array transducer is the core for realizing ultrasound phase-control technology
Part, when existing phase array transducer is used for photoacoustic imaging, lower to photoacoustic signal acquisition rate, image sensitivity is low, and
Image quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of photoacoustic imaging system and method, it can be improved and optoacoustic is believed
Number acquisition rate, improve sensitivity, have preferable image quality.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of photoacoustic imaging system, the photoacoustic imaging system include:
Laser, the laser is used for shoot laser pulse, to irradiate object to be imaged, passes through thermoelastic effect, excitation
Object to be imaged generates the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space；
Three-dimensional phase array transducer, the three-dimensional phase array transducer are used to acquire to three-dimensional space propagation
The photoacoustic signal；The three-dimensional phase array transducer has cylindrical substrate, is fixed with ultrasound in the cylindrical substrate and changes
Energy device array, the ultrasound transducer array include multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element around the cylindrical substrate central axes；Institute
State the top surface midpoint and bottom surface midpoint line that axis is the cylindrical substrate；
Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data, the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data are used for the three-dimensional phased array supersonic transducing
The photoacoustic signal of device acquisition carries out signal processing；
Computer, the computer are used to form the object to be imaged based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing
Three-dimensional photoacoustic image.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the laser pulse that the laser generates passes through optical fiber illuminating system
Irradiate the object to be imaged；
Wherein, the optical fiber illuminating system includes: fiber coupler and multi-channel optical fibre beam；One end of the fiber optic bundle is logical
The laser output mouth that the fiber coupler is coupled to the laser is crossed, the other end of fiber optic bundle described in multichannel is distributed in
Same circumference, the circumference surround the object to be imaged, provide Uniform Illumination for the object to be imaged.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the laser pulse that the laser generates is illuminated by free optical path
Object to be imaged described in system irradiation；
The free optical path lighting system includes: diffusing globe, Conical Lenses and condenser, and what the laser generated swashs
After light pulse passes sequentially through the diffusing globe, the Conical Lenses and the condenser, the object to be imaged is irradiated.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the three-dimensional phase array transducer includes multiple ultrasonic transductions
Device array element；
The Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data includes: that multi-channel amplifier, multi-channel filter and multichannel modulus turn
Parallel operation；Each ultrasonic transducer array element individually corresponds to a channel, and the ultrasonic transducer array element acquires the optoacoustic letter
Number successively amplified by corresponding channel, filter and analog-to-digital conversion process after, be sent to the computer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data and the three-dimensional phased array are super
There is adaptive multiplexer, the adaptive multiplexer is used for the acquisition time of multi channel signals between sonic transducer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the cylindrical substrate has the through-hole through its top and bottom, institute
State the inner wall that ultrasonic transducer array element is each attached to the through-hole；
Or, the ultrasonic transducer array element is each attached to the lateral surface of the cylindrical substrate.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, further includes: mechanical scanner, the mechanical scanner are used for
The object to be imaged three-dimensional phase array transducer is driven to be translatable along the axis or turn around the axis
It is dynamic.
Preferably, in above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, the cylindrical substrate includes multiple detachable sub- cylindrical substrates；
Ultrasonic transducer array element described in one row is at least set in the sub- cylindrical substrate；
Or ultrasonic transducer array element described in a row is respectively provided in the sub- cylindrical substrate, it is described super in the sub- cylindrical substrate
The quantity of sonic transducer array element and distribution are identical.
The present invention also provides a kind of acousto-optic imaging method, the acousto-optic imaging method includes:
Object to be imaged is irradiated by the laser pulse of laser emitting, by thermoelastic effect, object to be imaged is excited to produce
The raw photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space；
The photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space is acquired by three-dimensional phase array transducer；
By Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data by the photoacoustic signal of the three-dimensional phase array transducer acquisition into
Row signal processing；
By computer based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing, the three-dimensional light sound spectrogram of the object to be imaged is formed
Picture.
Preferably, in above-mentioned acousto-optic imaging method, further includes:
In ultraviolet, visible light and infrared wavelength range, by scanning laser wavelength, multispectral imaging is carried out, is based on light
Spectrogram picture carries out the noninvasive characterization of the chemical component of the object to be imaged；
Or, the ultrasonic signal received to multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element in the three-dimensional phase array transducer is in Fu
In leaf domain carry out spectrum analysis, be based on result of spectrum analysis, noninvasive characterization carried out to the physical property of the object to be imaged；
Or, promoting the processing speed of multichannel photoacoustic signal and image collected by GPU accelerated method.
It as can be seen from the above description, can be by swashing in the photoacoustic imaging system and method that technical solution of the present invention provides
Light device excites object to be imaged to generate photoacoustic signal, and acquires the photoacoustic signal by three-dimensional phase array transducer, by
There is cylindrical substrate in the three-dimensional phase array transducer, be fixed with ultrasound transducer array in the cylindrical substrate, institute
Stating ultrasound transducer array includes multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element around the cylindrical substrate central axes, therefore the three-dimensional is phased
Battle array ultrasonic transducer can acquire the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space, realize three-dimensional imaging, and can be improved and believe optoacoustic
Number acquisition rate, improve sensitivity, have preferable image quality.The present invention can pass through Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data pair
The multichannel photoacoustic signal of capture carries out low noise amplification, filtering and high-speed parallel analog-to-digital conversion, then by computer to image
It rebuild, handled and is shown, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of absorber in object to be imaged can be restored；Pass through scanning laser wavelength
Multispectral imaging is carried out, the noninvasive characterization of chemical component may be implemented；The frequency spectrum that ultrasonic signal is received by analysis, may be implemented
The noninvasive characterization of physical property；Accelerated by GPU, the processing speed of multiple signals and image can be promoted；It may be implemented multiple rows of
Photoacoustic imaging obtains at a high speed three dimensional volumetric image, solves traditional photoacoustic imaging and is typically only capable to carry out asking for two-dimentional tomographic imaging
Topic.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of result schematic diagram of photoacoustic imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of three-dimensional phase array transducer in photoacoustic imaging system shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of multiple rows of optoacoustic transducer of conventional plane battle array；
Fig. 4 is that another lighting system treats the principle signal that imaging object carries out laser irradiation in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is single ultrasonic transducer in a kind of 7.5MHz three-dimensional phase array transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The sound-filed simulation figure of array element；
Fig. 6 is a kind of sound of the 7.5MHz three-dimensional phase array transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention in setting plane
Field pattern；
Fig. 7 is the simulation model figure of object to be imaged；
Fig. 8 is the optoacoustic field spatial distribution map generated around 1.0 microsecond moment three-dimensional beads；
Fig. 9 is the photoacoustic signal distribution map simulating three-dimensional phase array transducer and collecting；
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional bead image rebuild using backprojection algorithm.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
In medical ultrasound image and industrial nondestructive testing field, mainly have three using more phase array transducer
Kind, i.e. linear array transducer, matrix transducer (face array transducer) and ring array transducer.Multiple array element Cheng Zhi in linear array transducer
Line arrangement, sound-filed simulation in a plane, the image in available two-dimensional surface.Multiple array elements row in matrix transducer
It is distributed in rectangular area, sound-filed simulation can be imaged the object in three-dimensional space in three-dimensional rectangle space.Ring array transducer
In array element in a ring, arranged by concentric loop, sound field is also distributed in three-dimensional space, can carry out to the object in three-dimensional space
Imaging.Three of the above phase array transducer shape is relatively simple, and design and processing complexity be not high, and cost is controllable, can be with
Meets the needs of most of medical ultrasound images and industrial nondestructive testing.
Based on the energy conversion by light to sound, emerging Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine technology is the one of fast development in recent years
Kind noninvasive, high-resolution, high contrast biomedical imaging mode.Photoacoustic imaging has optical imagery high contrast and ultrasound
The advantages of big penetration depth is imaged, microcosmic imaging can be to individual cells devices, and macroscopic view imaging can be all to toy, and can provide life
The information of the different levels such as object institutional framework, function, metabolism, molecule and heredity.The transducing used in photoacoustic imaging equipment at present
Device is direct linear array, matrix and the ring array transducer borrowed in ultrasonic imaging mostly, but optoacoustic is different from ultrasonic imaging principle, directly
Connect borrow and non-optimal receiving side signal case.Ultrasonic imaging is to be based on pulse echo to object emission ultrasonic wave to be imaged, by
The ultrasonic wave of energy converter transmitting realizes imaging by backtracking after Tissue reflectance, and linear array or ring array transducer can satisfy absolutely mostly
Number demand.Photoacoustic imaging is based on photo-thermal effect, irradiates object to be imaged by laser pulse, object to be imaged is due to laser excitation
The photoacoustic signal of generation can be propagated to three-dimensional space, can the useful letter of extreme loss based on the reception strategy of linear array or ring array transducer
Number, reduce picture quality and image sensitivity.Design is suitable for the ultrasonic phased array transducer of photoacoustic signal three-dimensional space acquisition,
The photoacoustic signal in space is captured to greatest extent, it is significant to the promotion of image quality.Wherein, photoacoustic signal is ultrasound
Wave.When laser excitation object to be imaged, the ultrasonic wave that object to be imaged generates is photoacoustic signal.
When photoacoustic imaging is used for medical ultrasound image, it can be used for bio-imaging, primary modal includes: that X-ray calculates
Tomographic imaging (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission tomographic imaging
(SPECT), ultrasonic imaging and optical imagery etc..Photoacoustic imaging is quickly grown, in recent years as a kind of emerging image mode
Be applied to molecular image, Cardiovascular Disease Study, drug metabolism, early diagnosis of tumor, gene expression, stem cell and it is immune,
Each research field such as neurobiology provides more reliable comprehensive experimental evidence for scientific research, has wide application
Prospect.
Optoacoustic system based on one dimensional linear array energy converter is typically only capable to carry out biological tissue two-dimentional tomographic imaging.Two dimension is disconnected
Layer imaging there are many problems in practical applications, be such as unable to get with the image of transducer face vertical plane, be difficult to certain
A little targets (such as curved blood vessel, biopsy needle head) carry out registration imaging, are difficult to that certain volume (such as tumour 3 Ds are quantitatively evaluated
Boundary, heart perfusion imaging) etc..It to realize that three-D volumes are imaged using one dimensional linear array energy converter, need mechanical scanning energy converter,
This will be greatly reduced image taking speed, can not the certain dynamic changing processes of real-time tracking, such as heartbeat, blood flow, intervention, Perfusion Imaging
Deng.
Compared to linear array transducer, face array transducer has more one-dimensional in dimension, can disposably capture from three-dimensional space
Between photoacoustic signal, thus particularly suitable for spatial volume be imaged, be the developing direction of next-generation photoacoustic imaging.But energy converter is tieed up
The increase of degree and array element number, the requirement to signal multichannel collecting and processing capability in real time greatly promote, this makes entire light
Sound system is realized difficult.The photoacoustic imaging system in the world based on face array transducer only has Nexus 128+ toy optoacoustic at present
Imager, Nexus 128+ system are the photoacoustic imaging platforms based on hemispherical transducer, be may be implemented truly
Three-D volumes imaging, but transducer arrangement is sparse in Nexus 128+ system, and it is empty that 128 array element numbers can not cover entire imaging
Between, need to carry out mechanical scanning in experimentation to increase sampling number, imaging time resolution ratio and spatial resolution are therefore tight
It is limited again.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photoacoustic imaging system, the optoacoustic at
Picture system is shown as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 1 is a kind of result schematic diagram of photoacoustic imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of three-dimensional phase array transducer in photoacoustic imaging system shown in Fig. 1, and left figure is three-dimensional phase in Fig. 2
The overview of battle array ultrasonic transducer is controlled, right figure is the partial schematic diagram of three-dimensional phase array transducer.
The photoacoustic imaging system includes: laser 1, and the laser 1 is used for shoot laser pulse, to irradiate object to be imaged
Body 4 excites object 4 to be imaged to generate the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space by thermoelastic effect；Three-dimensional phased array supersonic changes
Energy device 6, the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 are used to acquire the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space；The three-dimensional
Phase array transducer 6 has cylindrical substrate 21, is fixed with ultrasound transducer array, the ultrasound in the cylindrical substrate 21
Transducer array includes multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element 20 around 21 central axes of cylindrical substrate；The axis is the column
The top surface midpoint of shape substrate 21 and bottom surface midpoint line；Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data 10, the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data
10 for carrying out signal processing for the photoacoustic signal of the three-dimensional phase array transducer acquisition；Computer 14, it is described
Computer 14 is used to form the three-dimensional photoacoustic image 15 of the object to be imaged based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing.
The laser 1 can be high energy pulse laser, can be emitted nanosecond laser.It is described to swash in mode shown in Fig. 1
The laser pulse that light device 1 generates irradiates the object to be imaged 4 by optical fiber illuminating system；Wherein, the optical fiber illuminating system
It include: fiber coupler 2 and multi-channel optical fibre beam 3；One end of the fiber optic bundle 3 is coupled to institute by the fiber coupler 2
The laser output mouth of laser 1 is stated, the other end of fiber optic bundle 3 described in multichannel is distributed in same circumference, and the circumference surrounds
The object to be imaged 4 provides Uniform Illumination for the object 4 to be imaged.That is, the fiber optic bundle 3 arrangement at
Around object 4, one end uniform ring of output laser pulse is around object 4 to be imaged, to provide for the object 4 to be imaged
Uniform Illumination.Wherein, the laser pulse that the laser 1 generates can be coupled to fiber coupler 2 by a reflection device 19.
Fiber coupler 2 may include hoping glasses system, that is to say, that fiber coupler 2 can be realized by telescopic system.
It, can be as shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 be lighting system another in the embodiment of the present invention to be imaged in other modes
Object carries out the schematic illustration of laser irradiation, and in which, the laser pulse that the laser 1 generates passes through free optical path photograph
Object to be imaged described in bright system irradiation；The free optical path lighting system includes: diffusing globe 16, Conical Lenses 17 and optically focused
Device 18, the laser pulse that the laser 1 generates pass sequentially through the diffusing globe 16, the Conical Lenses 17 and the optically focused
After device 18, the object 4 to be imaged is irradiated.
The three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 includes multiple ultrasonic transducer array elements 20；Each described ultrasonic transduction
Photoacoustic signal, every photoacoustic signal all the way correspond to a signal processing channel to the acquisition of device array element 20 all the way.What object 4 to be imaged generated
Photoacoustic signal is propagated by couplant 5 to three-dimensional space, is finally captured and is acquired by three-dimensional phase array transducer 6, coupling
Medium 5 can be air liquid medium or solid dielectric.Wherein, laser 1 and Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data 10 it
Between synchronize laser 1 trigger signal 16 realize.
The Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data 10 is high-speed parallel data Acquisition Circuit.The Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data
10 include: multi-channel amplifier 7, multi-channel filter 8 and multipath A/D converter 9；Each ultrasonic transducer battle array
The independent corresponding channel of member 20, the photoacoustic signal that the ultrasonic transducer array element 20 acquires by corresponding channel successively into
After row amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion process, it is sent to the computer 14.Optionally, the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data
There is adaptive multiplexer between 10 and the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6, the adaptive multiplexer is used for multi channel signals
Acquisition time.The adaptive multiplexer is not shown in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 2 and shown mode, the cylindrical substrate 21 has the through-hole through its top and bottom, and the ultrasound is changed
Energy device array element 20 is each attached to the inner wall of the through-hole.In other modes, the ultrasonic transducer array element 20 can also be set
It is fixed on the lateral surface of the cylindrical substrate 21, at this point, the cylindrical substrate 21 can be solid cylinder or hollow cylinder.Institute
Cylindrical substrate 21 is stated with opposite top and bottom and side, axis is top surface midpoint and bottom surface midpoint line, top surface
It is identical with bottom surface.The cylindrical substrate 21 can be cylindrical body or square body.And classical matrix energy converter is as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3
For a kind of structural schematic diagram of multiple rows of optoacoustic transducer of conventional plane battle array, the photoacoustic signal in specific plane can only be received, is carried out
Two-dimentional tomographic imaging, and the present invention implements the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 with multiple rows of 21 axis of encirclement cylindrical substrate
Ultrasonic transducer array element 20, can acquire three-dimensional space propagate photoacoustic signal, be not limited in specific plane optoacoustic letter
Number, the photoacoustic signal propagated in three-dimensional space can be disposably captured, the three-dimensional volumetric images of object 4 to be imaged are obtained, it can be with
It realizes multiple rows of photoacoustic imaging, obtains the three-dimensional volumetric images of object 4 to be imaged.
Such as Fig. 2 and shown, the cylindrical substrate 21 includes multiple detachable sub- cylindrical substrates 110；The sub- column base
Ultrasonic transducer array element 20 described in one row is at least set on bottom 110.Optionally, a row is respectively provided in the sub- cylindrical substrate 110
The ultrasonic transducer array element 20, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer array element 20 and distribution phase in the sub- cylindrical substrate 110
Together.In the cylindrical substrate 21, the ultrasonic transducer array element 20 forms three-dimensional phased array, two neighboring ultrasonic transducer array element
There are certain intervals, the ultrasonic transducer array element 20 can work independently between 20.
Optionally, the photoacoustic imaging system further include: mechanical scanner, the mechanical scanner is for driving institute
The object 4 to be imaged three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 is stated to be translatable along the axis or rotate around the axis.Figure
The mechanical scanner is not shown in 1.Pass through the phase of the object 4 to be imaged and the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6
To movement, it can complete to scan entire object 4 to be imaged, comprehensive photoacoustic imaging is carried out to it.
In the photoacoustic imaging system, the computer 14 includes: 3-D image reconstruction system 11,3-D image processing system
System 12 and three-dimensional image display systems 13.
In photoacoustic imaging system described in the embodiment of the present invention, using high energy pulse laser outgoing nanosecond laser excitation to
Imaging object 4, the absorber in object 4 to be imaged absorb laser energy, and moment generates temperature and increases, and due to thermoelastic effect, produce
Raw ultrasonic signal (photoacoustic signal) is propagated to three-dimensional space.Utilize three with the multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element 20 of high density
The photoacoustic signal in the reception three-dimensional space of phase array transducer 6 is tieed up, low noise is being carried out to the multichannel photoacoustic signal of capture
Sound amplification, filter and tell parallel A/D conversion process, finally image is rebuild, handled and is shown, can restore at
As the three-dimensional spatial distribution of absorber in object 4.
Multispectral imaging is carried out by scanning laser wavelength, the noninvasive characterization of sample chemical ingredient may be implemented.Due to not
It is different with the absorption spectrum of molecule, it can use the mixed algorithm of spectrum solution and separate different molecules from multispectral image, realize and divide
Sub- specificity imaging.Since the ultrasonic signal frequencies that different objects 4 to be imaged generate after absorbing laser energy are different, by right
The ultrasonic signal that three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 receives carries out spectrum analysis, available reflection sample physical property
Parameter, including slope and intercept etc., and then realize the noninvasive characterization of sample.There is the multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer of high density by analysis
The three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 of array element 20 receives the frequency spectrum of ultrasonic signal, and 4 physical property of object to be imaged may be implemented
Noninvasive characterization.
Accelerated by GPU, the processing speed of multi channel signals and image can be promoted.The multichannel higher-dimension generated in system
The realization of GPU accelerated method can be used in the real-time processing of signal and image reconstruction.It is real that the hardware that GPU accelerates can use GPU video card
Existing (such as NVIDIATesla series), with multiple streaming processors, each streaming processor is configured with multiple process kernels.
It is parallel that the software that GPU accelerates can use the CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) based on C language
Computing architecture is completed.CUDA Parallel Computation generally comprises a mainframe program and multiple threads.Mainframe program is first in
Central processor CPU is executed, and then starts each computational threads simultaneously.
When carrying out photoacoustic imaging, the photoacoustic signal of laser excitation object 4 to be imaged can be propagated in three-dimensional space, without
It is confined to specific plane.Tradition based on linear array or change array transducer array photoacoustic imaging system be typically only capable to receive specific plane
Interior photoacoustic signal carries out two-dimentional tomographic imaging.Photoacoustic imaging system described in the embodiment of the present invention can disposably capture three-dimensional
The photoacoustic signal propagated in space obtains the three-dimensional volumetric images of object 4 to be imaged, multiple rows of photoacoustic imaging may be implemented, obtain
The three-dimensional volumetric images of object 4 to be imaged can disposably realize that three-D volumes are imaged, while improve signal-to-noise ratio, imaging spirit
Sensitivity and image quality, solve that traditional photoacoustic imaging system is typically only capable to carry out two-dimentional tomographic imaging and imaged viewing angle is limited
The problem of.
In the embodiment of the present invention, emulation experiment is carried out to the photoacoustic imaging system, to illustrate institute of the embodiment of the present invention
State the advantage of photoacoustic imaging system.
In photoacoustic imaging system described in the embodiment of the present invention, setting cylindrical substrate 21 is cylindrical structure, that is, is had through top
The internal diameter of the cylindrical structure in face and bottom surface through-hole, cylinder is 50mm, is highly 200mm, ultrasonic transducer array element in short transverse
20 numbers of rows are 1496, and the number of ultrasonic transducer array element 20 is 800 in same row.The functional surfaces of ultrasonic transducer array element 20 are square
Shape, the height of the rectangle are 0.13mm, width 0.16mm, spacing 0.04mm.In the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6
Frequency of heart is 7.5MHz, and the sensitivity with -6dB, bandwidth is about 80%.
In order to study the sound-filed simulation characteristic of three-dimensional phase array transducer 6, carried out using open source software Field II
Emulation.
As shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is single in a kind of 7.5MHz three-dimensional phase array transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The sound-filed simulation figure of ultrasonic transducer array element, Fig. 5 show a specific ultrasonic transducer in three-dimensional phase array transducer 6
Sound pressure level distribution map of the array element 20 in 20mm × 20mm plane, as shown in Figure 5, there are main lobes and secondary lobe in sound field.
As indicated with 6, Fig. 6 is that a kind of 7.5MHz three-dimensional phase array transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is flat in setting
Sound-filed simulation figure in face, it will be appreciated from fig. 6 that the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 is in all ultrasonic transducer battle arrays of specific plane
The sound-filed simulation of member 20, it can be seen that sound field maximum amplitude appears in center and symmetrical.
It should be noted that in order to realize more satisfactory reconstruction effect, the three-dimensional phased array supersonic of above-mentioned emulation is changed
Energy device 6 has used more ultrasonic transducer array element 20 in short transverse and radial direction.In actual use, it can suitably put
Limitation of the width to artifact is rebuild, significantly to reduce 20 number of ultrasonic transducer array element.
On the basis of the emulation of three-dimensional phase array transducer 6, photoacoustic imaging emulation has been carried out.In emulation, laser 1
For optically erasing (OPO) laser, output wavelength range is 690-950nm and 1200-2400nm, the time width of pulse
About 6ns, repetition rate 10Hz.The numerical value used in emulation imitates body (simulation model of object 4 i.e. to be imaged) as three-dimensional bead
Numerical model, including 8 diameters be 1.2mm bead and 1 diameter be 1.6mm big ball, as shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 be it is to be imaged
The simulation model figure of object, the simulation model are that three-dimensional bead imitates body Model.When laser irradiation bead model, ultrasound can be inspired
Signal is propagated to three-dimensional space.The channel number of Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data 10 is 256, and single channel highest sampling rate is
62.5MS/s, acquisition precision 14bit.Fig. 8 is the optoacoustic field spatial distribution map generated around 1.0 microsecond moment three-dimensional beads.
Fig. 9 is the photoacoustic signal distribution map simulating three-dimensional phase array transducer and collecting, and horizontal axis is the time in Fig. 9, and the longitudinal axis is
The element number of array of energy converter.Figure 10 is the three-dimensional bead image rebuild using backprojection algorithm.As can be seen that utilizing skill of the present invention
Photoacoustic imaging system described in art scheme can accurately realize the three-dimensional imaging of object.
Based on above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging system, another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of acousto-optic imaging method, Ke Yitong
It crosses photoacoustic imaging system described in above-described embodiment and realizes the acousto-optic imaging method, specifically, the acousto-optic imaging method includes:
Step S11: irradiating object to be imaged by the laser pulse of laser emitting, by thermoelastic effect, excitation at
As object generates the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space.
Object to be imaged can be excited using high energy pulse laser outgoing nanosecond laser as above-mentioned, so that object to be imaged
In absorber absorb laser energy, moment generates temperature and increases, and due to thermoelastic effect, generates manosonication signal (optoacoustic
Signal), it is propagated to three-dimensional space.
Step S12: the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space is acquired by three-dimensional phase array transducer.
It is received using the three-dimensional phase array transducer 6 with the multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element 20 of high density in three-dimensional space
Between the photoacoustic signal propagated, signal receives the synchronization signal triggering for having laser to export.
Step S13: the light for being acquired the three-dimensional phase array transducer by Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data
Acoustical signal carries out signal processing.
In the step, low noise amplification, filtering and high-speed parallel analog-to-digital conversion are carried out to the multichannel photoacoustic signal of acquisition
Afterwards, it is transmitted to computer and carries out photoacoustic imaging.
Step S14: by computer based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing, the three of the object to be imaged are formed
Tie up photoacoustic image.
Image reconstruction, image procossing and image are carried out to discrete photoacoustic signal by computer to show, are restored in sample
The three-dimensional spatial distribution of absorber.
In acousto-optic imaging method described in the embodiment of the present invention, the optical maser wavelength of the laser emitting is adjustable, can be with
Within the scope of ultraviolet, visible and near infrared band, by scanning laser wavelength, carry out multispectral imaging, based on spectrum picture into
The noninvasive characterization of the chemical component of row object to be imaged, that is, object to be imaged is scanned by corresponding wave band of laser, by more
After channel data Acquisition Circuit carries out signal processing to the photoacoustic signal that three-dimensional phase array transducer acquires, computer
The photoacoustic signal after being also based on signal processing carries out multispectral imaging.
Acousto-optic imaging method described in the embodiment of the present invention can be to multiple rows of ultrasound in the three-dimensional phase array transducer
The ultrasonic signal that transducer array element receives Fourier carry out spectrum analysis, be based on result of spectrum analysis, to it is described at
As the physical property of object carries out noninvasive characterization, the light acquired by the computer to three-dimensional phase array transducer
Acoustical signal carries out spectrum analysis, and the noninvasive characterization of the physical property of object to be imaged may be implemented.
Acousto-optic imaging method described in the embodiment of the present invention can be by GPU accelerated method, to promote the photoacoustic imaging system
The processing speed of multi channel signals and image in system.
Each embodiment in this specification using it is progressive or parallel or progressive and parallel combine by the way of describe, each
What embodiment stressed is the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts in each embodiment refer to each other
?.For the method disclosed in the embodiment, since it is corresponding with system disclosed in embodiment, so the comparison of description is simple
Single, related place illustrates referring to components of system as directed.
It should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to one
Entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
There are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to contain
Lid non-exclusive inclusion, so that article or equipment including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also
It including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this article or the intrinsic element of equipment.Do not having
In the case where more limitations, the element that is limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that in the article including above-mentioned element
Or there is also other identical elements in equipment.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photoacoustic imaging system, which is characterized in that the photoacoustic imaging system includes:
Laser, the laser is used for shoot laser pulse, to irradiate object to be imaged, by thermoelastic effect, excitation at
As object generates the photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space；
Three-dimensional phase array transducer, the three-dimensional phase array transducer is for acquiring to described in three-dimensional space propagation
Photoacoustic signal；The three-dimensional phase array transducer has cylindrical substrate, is fixed with ultrasonic transducer in the cylindrical substrate
Array, the ultrasound transducer array include multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element around the cylindrical substrate central axes；The axis
Line is top surface midpoint and the bottom surface midpoint line of the cylindrical substrate；
Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data, the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data are used to adopt the three-dimensional phase array transducer
The photoacoustic signal of collection carries out signal processing；
Computer, the computer are used to form the three of the object to be imaged based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing
Tie up photoacoustic image.
2. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser pulse that the laser generates passes through
Optical fiber illuminating system irradiates the object to be imaged；
Wherein, the optical fiber illuminating system includes: fiber coupler and multi-channel optical fibre beam；One end of the fiber optic bundle passes through institute
The laser output mouth that fiber coupler is coupled to the laser is stated, the other end of fiber optic bundle described in multichannel is distributed in same
Circumference, the circumference surround the object to be imaged, provide Uniform Illumination for the object to be imaged.
3. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser pulse that the laser generates passes through
Free optical path lighting system irradiates the object to be imaged；
The free optical path lighting system includes: diffusing globe, Conical Lenses and condenser, the laser arteries and veins that the laser generates
After punching passes sequentially through the diffusing globe, the Conical Lenses and the condenser, the object to be imaged is irradiated.
4. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described three-dimensional phase array transducer include
Multiple ultrasonic transducer array elements；
The Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data includes: multi-channel amplifier, multi-channel filter and multipath A/D converter；
Each ultrasonic transducer array element individually corresponds to a channel, and the ultrasonic transducer array element acquires the photoacoustic signal and passes through
Corresponding channel successively amplifies, filter and analog-to-digital conversion process after, be sent to the computer.
5. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data with it is described
There is adaptive multiplexer, timesharing of the adaptive multiplexer for multi channel signals is adopted between three-dimensional phase array transducer
Collection.
6. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylindrical substrate have through its top surface and
The through-hole of bottom surface, the ultrasonic transducer array element are each attached to the inner wall of the through-hole；
Or, the ultrasonic transducer array element is each attached to the lateral surface of the cylindrical substrate.
7. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: mechanical scanner, the machinery
Scanning means for drive the object to be imaged three-dimensional phase array transducer be translatable along the axis or
It is rotated around the axis.
8. photoacoustic imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylindrical substrate includes multiple detachable
Sub- cylindrical substrate；Ultrasonic transducer array element described in one row is at least set in the sub- cylindrical substrate；
Or, ultrasonic transducer array element described in a row is respectively provided in the sub- cylindrical substrate, the ultrasound in the sub- cylindrical substrate
The quantity of transducer array element and distribution are identical.
9. a kind of acousto-optic imaging method, which is characterized in that the acousto-optic imaging method includes:
Irradiate object to be imaged by the laser pulse of laser emitting, by thermoelastic effect, excite object to be imaged generate to
The photoacoustic signal that three-dimensional space is propagated；
The photoacoustic signal propagated to three-dimensional space is acquired by three-dimensional phase array transducer；
The photoacoustic signal of the three-dimensional phase array transducer acquisition is subjected to letter by Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data
Number processing；
By computer based on the photoacoustic signal after signal processing, the three-dimensional photoacoustic image of the object to be imaged is formed.
10. acousto-optic imaging method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include:
In ultraviolet, visible light and infrared wavelength range, by scanning laser wavelength, multispectral imaging is carried out, is based on spectrogram
Noninvasive characterization as carrying out the chemical component of the object to be imaged；
Or, the ultrasonic signal received to multiple rows of ultrasonic transducer array element in the three-dimensional phase array transducer is in Fourier
Domain carries out spectrum analysis, is based on result of spectrum analysis, carries out noninvasive characterization to the physical property of the object to be imaged；
Or, promoting the processing speed of multichannel photoacoustic signal and image collected by GPU accelerated method.
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| WO2021036897A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
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