CN110358613A - 一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110358613A
CN110358613A CN201910712131.5A CN201910712131A CN110358613A CN 110358613 A CN110358613 A CN 110358613A CN 201910712131 A CN201910712131 A CN 201910712131A CN 110358613 A CN110358613 A CN 110358613A
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parts
agent
release agent
cement products
compound emulsifying
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景明成
丁文海
安宗仁
张娟
王吉红
林燕生
刘成
苗承莆
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Gansu Road And Bridge Engineering Testing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水泥制品脱模剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：丙烯酰胺15～20份，不饱和脂肪酸10～20份，线性低密度聚乙烯5～10份，去离子水20～30份，乙烯基甲苯2～3份，稳定剂2～4份，复合乳化剂5～10份，高吸水性树脂球3～7份，富马酸4～8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂1～3份，消泡剂1～3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯5～10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03～0.06份。本发明具有性能稳定、脱膜效果好、脱模效率高、能大幅度降低环境污染，保证混凝土构件的表观美观性，不易与模具发生粘附，易于剥离的优点。

Description

一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土脱模剂领域，具体涉及一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
混凝土是一类可塑性高，能将建筑师的建筑理想铸就成现实的建筑材料。其在施工时，往往需要先用板材或异型模具做好支撑，向模具内注入搅拌均匀后的混凝土原料之前，还需要在模具、模板内侧涂刷一层混凝土脱模剂，以使其能有效提高施工效率，并保证混凝土构件的表观美观性。
混凝土脱模剂是指在混凝土浇注前涂抹在施工用模板上的一种物质，其主要作用为在模板与混凝土表面形成一层膜将两者隔离开，有效地解决混凝土与模具粘结的问题，减少脱模难度而保证混凝土脱模后能够表面光滑。传统的脱模剂多由机油或废机油加柴油制成，这类脱模剂易对混凝土表面产生污染，同时对环境也造成不同程度的污染。目前国内脱模剂主要包括皂类脱模剂、油类脱模剂、石蜡类脱模剂和油化类脱模剂，普遍存在脱模效果不佳、拆模后难清除、易对混凝土表面造成损伤的缺点，影响施工效率和增加施工成本。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种水泥制品脱模剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺15～20份，不饱和脂肪酸10～20份，线性低密度聚乙烯5～10份，去离子水20～30份，乙烯基甲苯2～3份，稳定剂2～4份，复合乳化剂5～10份，高吸水性树脂球3～7份，富马酸4～8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 1～3份，消泡剂1～3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 5～10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03～0.06份。
优选地，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺15份，不饱和脂肪酸10份，线性低密度聚乙烯5份，去离子水20份，乙烯基甲苯2份，稳定剂2份，复合乳化剂5份，高吸水性树脂球3份，富马酸4份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 1份，消泡剂1份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03份。
优选地，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺20份，不饱和脂肪酸20份，线性低密度聚乙烯10份，去离子水30份，乙烯基甲苯3份，稳定剂4份，复合乳化剂10份，高吸水性树脂球7份，富马酸8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 3份，消泡剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.06份。
优选地，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺17.5份，不饱和脂肪酸15份，线性低密度聚乙烯7.5份，去离子水25份，乙烯基甲苯2.5份，稳定剂3份，复合乳化剂7.5份，高吸水性树脂球5份，富马酸6份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 2份，消泡剂2份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 7.5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.045份。
优选地，所述不饱和脂肪酸包括：红花籽油，亚麻仁油，亚麻酸，或者花生四烯酸中的至少一种。
优选地，所述消泡剂包括20～25wt%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚、10～15wt%的聚丙烯酸甲酯、4～6wt%的棕榈酸异丙酯、0.5～1wt%的聚氧丙基聚氧乙基甘油醚、10～12wt%的4-氟-1,2-苯二酚、7～10wt%的偶氮二甲酰胺、2～4wt%的十二氟木酸二甲酯，余量为水。
优选地，所述稳定剂包括30～45wt%的丙酮、7～12wt%的焦磷酸钠、1～2wt%的山梨醇脂肪酸酯、5～7wt%的亚磷酸酯、0.65～0.9wt%的3-甲基苯甲酸甲酯、3～5wt%的2,2'-二溴二乙醚，余量为水。
优选地，所述复合乳化剂包括：十二烷基苯磺酸钠，聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10，聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯，或者失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯中的至少两种。
优选地，所述高吸水性树脂球为充分吸水膨胀成的固态水凝胶。
本发明还提供了上述一种水泥制品脱模剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、按重量份称取各原料；
S2、将不饱和脂肪酸加入1/3的去离子水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀后，加入偶氮二异丁腈以及丙烯酰胺，反应后熟化；
S3、将富马酸，乙烯基甲苯，以及线性低密度聚乙烯加入1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀，反应后熟化；
S4、向1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，加入步骤S2、S3所得的产物，以及稳定剂、全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂、消泡剂、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、高吸水性树脂球，搅拌混合后，得到新型混凝土脱模剂。
本发明具有性能稳定、脱膜效果好、脱模效率高、能大幅度降低环境污染，保证混凝土构件的表观美观性，不易与模具发生粘附，易于剥离的优点。
本发明的高吸水性树脂球在混凝土固化后，开始失水，从而使得脱模剂萎缩，从而有助于后期的剥离。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种水泥制品脱模剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
S1、按重量份称取：丙烯酰胺15份，不饱和脂肪酸10份，线性低密度聚乙烯5份，去离子水20份，乙烯基甲苯2份，稳定剂2份，复合乳化剂5份，高吸水性树脂球3份，富马酸4份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 1份，消泡剂1份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03份；
S2、将不饱和脂肪酸加入1/3的去离子水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀后，加入偶氮二异丁腈以及丙烯酰胺，反应后熟化；
S3、将富马酸，乙烯基甲苯，以及线性低密度聚乙烯加入1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀，反应后熟化；
S4、向1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，加入步骤S2、S3所得的产物，以及稳定剂、全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂、消泡剂、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、高吸水性树脂球，搅拌混合后，得到新型混凝土脱模剂。
所述不饱和脂肪酸由红花籽油、亚麻仁油按体积比为1:1混合所得；
所述消泡剂包括25wt%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚、10wt%的聚丙烯酸甲酯、4wt%的棕榈酸异丙酯、0.5wt%的聚氧丙基聚氧乙基甘油醚、10wt%的4-氟-1,2-苯二酚、7wt%的偶氮二甲酰胺、2wt%的十二氟木酸二甲酯，余量为水。
所述稳定剂包括45wt%的丙酮、7wt%的焦磷酸钠、1wt%的山梨醇脂肪酸酯、5wt%的亚磷酸酯、0.65wt%的3-甲基苯甲酸甲酯、3wt%的2,2'-二溴二乙醚，余量为水。所述复合乳化剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯和失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯按质量比为1:1混合所得。所述高吸水性树脂球为充分吸水膨胀成的固态水凝胶。所述高吸水性高分子树脂为聚丙烯酸盐类。
实施例2
一种水泥制品脱模剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
S1、按重量份称取：丙烯酰胺20份，不饱和脂肪酸20份，线性低密度聚乙烯10份，去离子水30份，乙烯基甲苯3份，稳定剂4份，复合乳化剂10份，高吸水性树脂球7份，富马酸8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 3份，消泡剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.06份；
S2、将不饱和脂肪酸加入1/3的去离子水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀后，加入偶氮二异丁腈以及丙烯酰胺，反应后熟化；
S3、将富马酸，乙烯基甲苯，以及线性低密度聚乙烯加入1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀，反应后熟化；
S4、向1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，加入步骤S2、S3所得的产物，以及稳定剂、全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂、消泡剂、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、高吸水性树脂球，搅拌混合后，得到新型混凝土脱模剂。
所述不饱和脂肪酸为亚麻酸；所述消泡剂包括20wt%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚、15wt%的聚丙烯酸甲酯、6wt%的棕榈酸异丙酯、1wt%的聚氧丙基聚氧乙基甘油醚、12wt%的4-氟-1,2-苯二酚、10wt%的偶氮二甲酰胺、4wt%的十二氟木酸二甲酯，余量为水。所述稳定剂包括30wt%的丙酮、12wt%的焦磷酸钠、2wt%的山梨醇脂肪酸酯、7wt%的亚磷酸酯、0.9wt%的3-甲基苯甲酸甲酯、5wt%的2,2'-二溴二乙醚，余量为水。所述复合乳化剂由十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10按质量比1:1混合所得。所述高吸水性树脂球为充分吸水膨胀成的固态水凝胶。所述高吸水性高分子树脂为聚丙烯酸盐类。
实施例3
一种水泥制品脱模剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
S1、按重量份称取：丙烯酰胺17.5份，不饱和脂肪酸15份，线性低密度聚乙烯7.5份，去离子水25份，乙烯基甲苯2.5份，稳定剂3份，复合乳化剂7.5份，高吸水性树脂球5份，富马酸6份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 2份，消泡剂2份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 7.5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.045份；
S2、将不饱和脂肪酸加入1/3的去离子水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀后，加入偶氮二异丁腈以及丙烯酰胺，反应后熟化；
S3、将富马酸，乙烯基甲苯，以及线性低密度聚乙烯加入1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀，反应后熟化；
S4、向1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，加入步骤S2、S3所得的产物，以及稳定剂、全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂、消泡剂、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、高吸水性树脂球，搅拌混合后，得到新型混凝土脱模剂。
所述不饱和脂肪酸为花生四烯酸。所述消泡剂包括22.5wt%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚、12.5wt%的聚丙烯酸甲酯、5wt%的棕榈酸异丙酯、0.75wt%的聚氧丙基聚氧乙基甘油醚、11wt%的4-氟-1,2-苯二酚、8.5wt%的偶氮二甲酰胺、3wt%的十二氟木酸二甲酯，余量为水。所述稳定剂包括37.5wt%的丙酮、9.5wt%的焦磷酸钠、1.5wt%的山梨醇脂肪酸酯、6wt%的亚磷酸酯、0.775wt%的3-甲基苯甲酸甲酯、4wt%的2,2'-二溴二乙醚，余量为水。所述复合乳化剂包括为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯按质量比为1:1:1混合所得。所述高吸水性树脂球为充分吸水膨胀成的固态水凝胶。所述高吸水性高分子树脂为聚丙烯酸盐类。
将实施例1～3得到的混凝土脱模剂以及市售混凝土脱模剂分别涂覆于四个模具的内腔中，然后按四分法分三层装入搅拌均匀的混凝土，经过相同的振捣后养护脱模，对比混凝土表面外观与模具内壁外观，相较于市售脱模助剂的试样而言，以本发明实施例1～3的脱模剂的试样和模具内表面更为光滑。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺15～20份，不饱和脂肪酸10～20份，线性低密度聚乙烯5～10份，去离子水20～30份，乙烯基甲苯2～3份，稳定剂2～4份，复合乳化剂5～10份，高吸水性树脂球3～7份，富马酸4～8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 1～3份，消泡剂1～3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 5～10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03～0.06份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺15份，不饱和脂肪酸10份，线性低密度聚乙烯5份，去离子水20份，乙烯基甲苯2份，稳定剂2份，复合乳化剂5份，高吸水性树脂球3份，富马酸4份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 1份，消泡剂1份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.03份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺20份，不饱和脂肪酸20份，线性低密度聚乙烯10份，去离子水30份，乙烯基甲苯3份，稳定剂4份，复合乳化剂10份，高吸水性树脂球7份，富马酸8份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 3份，消泡剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 10份、偶氮二异丁腈0.06份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酰胺17.5份，不饱和脂肪酸15份，线性低密度聚乙烯7.5份，去离子水25份，乙烯基甲苯2.5份，稳定剂3份，复合乳化剂7.5份，高吸水性树脂球5份，富马酸6份，全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂 2份，消泡剂2份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 7.5份、偶氮二异丁腈0.045份。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：所述不饱和脂肪酸包括：红花籽油，亚麻仁油，亚麻酸，或者花生四烯酸中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：所述消泡剂包括20～25wt%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚、10～15wt%的聚丙烯酸甲酯、4～6wt%的棕榈酸异丙酯、0.5～1wt%的聚氧丙基聚氧乙基甘油醚、10～12wt%的4-氟-1,2-苯二酚、7～10wt%的偶氮二甲酰胺、2～4wt%的十二氟木酸二甲酯，余量为水。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：所述稳定剂包括30～45wt%的丙酮、7～12wt%的焦磷酸钠、1～2wt%的山梨醇脂肪酸酯、5～7wt%的亚磷酸酯、0.65～0.9wt%的3-甲基苯甲酸甲酯、3～5wt%的2,2'-二溴二乙醚，余量为水。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：所述复合乳化剂包括：十二烷基苯磺酸钠，聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10，聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯，或者失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯中的至少两种。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂，其特征在于：所述高吸水性树脂球为充分吸水膨胀成的固态水凝胶。
10.如权利要求1～9任一项所述的一种水泥制品脱模剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
S1、按重量份称取各原料；
S2、将不饱和脂肪酸加入1/3的去离子水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀后，加入偶氮二异丁腈以及丙烯酰胺，反应后熟化；
S3、将富马酸，乙烯基甲苯，以及线性低密度聚乙烯加入1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，分散均匀，反应后熟化；
S4、向1/3的水和复合乳化剂的混合物中，加入步骤S2、S3所得的产物，以及稳定剂、全氟烷基的丙烯酸系添加剂、消泡剂、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、高吸水性树脂球，搅拌混合后，得到新型混凝土脱模剂。
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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106090824A (zh) * 2016-05-21 2016-11-09 陕西理工学院 一种感光隐形艺术灯笼
CN109294716A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-01 贵州石博士科技有限公司 一种新型混凝土脱模剂的制备方法及应用

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106090824A (zh) * 2016-05-21 2016-11-09 陕西理工学院 一种感光隐形艺术灯笼
CN109294716A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-01 贵州石博士科技有限公司 一种新型混凝土脱模剂的制备方法及应用

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