CN110358581B - Device and method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues - Google Patents
Device and method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN110358581B CN110358581B CN201910757094.XA CN201910757094A CN110358581B CN 110358581 B CN110358581 B CN 110358581B CN 201910757094 A CN201910757094 A CN 201910757094A CN 110358581 B CN110358581 B CN 110358581B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009818 secondary granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009817 primary granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
- B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues, wherein the device comprises a quantitative powder conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a primary mixing system, an oil residue modification, heating and mixing system, an oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system and a light oil recovery system; the device comprises an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a powder quantitative conveying system and a primary mixing system, wherein the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, the powder quantitative conveying system and the primary mixing system are used for completing the feeding and proportioning of the water-containing oil residue and the pyrolysis powder; the oil residue modification heating and mixing system completes the heating and mixing of the uniformly mixed materials; the oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system is used for cooling and grinding the mixed materials at normal temperature, and the fine materials can directly enter a reactor for pyrolysis and gasification reaction; the light oil recovery system is used for recovering and utilizing light oil components; the device and the method realize closed cycle of oil residue and pyrolysis powder generated by pyrolysis gasification, not only solve the problem of environmental protection, but also recycle and reuse carbon-containing waste solids.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy and chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues.
Background
The treatment difficulty of the oil residue generated in the coal pyrolysis or pyrolysis-gasification process for preparing the coal tar by taking the coal as the raw material is very high, and most enterprises adopt a storage method to bring great potential environmental protection hazards, so that a new process which is safe, reliable, advanced and economic and can be suitable for the characteristics and the current situation of the oil residue generated in the coal pyrolysis or pyrolysis-gasification process for preparing the coal tar by taking the coal as the raw material is sought, the generated waste residue containing oily water is subjected to harmless treatment, and meanwhile, certain economic benefit is ensured to be obtained.
The powder and oily water waste residue produced by pyrolysis are used as raw materials, the raw materials are processed by a hot melt blending method, and different types of polymers are blended by adopting a physical or chemical method, so that the performance of the original polymer can be obviously improved, the cost in the development and development processes of polymer materials can be greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced. In the blend, the two components respectively form a dispersed phase state and a continuous phase state, wherein a mechanical blending method is the most common method, the strong shearing action of a mixing machine is utilized to break macromolecules to generate free radicals, and then the free radicals are combined with other kinds of molecules to generate a polymer with a novel structure, so that the advantage complementation of the performances of different polymers is realized.
Based on the characteristics of certain volatility and low bulk density of carbon-containing powder of oil residues, common mixing machines such as an open mill, an internal mixer, a double-screw extruder and a continuous mixing machine with related concepts are difficult to meet the actual process requirements, so an internal mixing system is required to be selected as processing equipment, the equipment is sealing equipment, and the dust pollution is greatly reduced.
The pyrolysis method for recovering oil substances in the oil residue is widely applied, and the thermal desorption high-temperature heat treatment is a process widely applied to the harmless treatment of oily sludge at home and abroad at present. The water-containing oil residue is heated to a temperature above the boiling point of water and below the cracking temperature of hydrocarbon substances under the anaerobic condition, so that the hydrocarbon substances and the water are evaporated, the residual sludge can meet the requirements of safe and environment-friendly discharge, the hydrocarbon substances can be recycled, but the process is complex, the treatment cost is high, and pyrolysis products are condensable pyrolysis oil, non-condensable pyrolysis gas and solid product pyrolysis residues. The pyrolysis method has the advantages of treating the oil residue: 1) the liquid and gas products in the oil residue have higher heat value, and the resource recovery can be realized; 2) the volume of the solid waste can be reduced, and the reduction is realized; 3) compared with incineration, the harmful substances discharged by oil residue pyrolysis are less than that discharged by incineration, and heavy metals in the oil residue can be enriched in pyrolysis residues.
However, the existing pyrolysis process of the water-containing oil residue and the blending process by a physical or chemical method have the following defects and shortcomings:
1. the oil residue generated in the coal pyrolysis or pyrolysis-gasification process for preparing coal tar by taking coal as a raw material is a continuous production process, and the equipment cost for storing the oil residue is greatly increased due to the high-viscosity physical characteristic of the oil residue by intermittent mixing;
2. the powder produced in the coal pyrolysis or pyrolysis-gasification process for preparing coal tar by using coal as a raw material has strong adsorbability and cannot be well utilized, so that resource waste and environmental pollution are caused;
3. if the powder generated by pyrolysis and gasification and the water-containing oil residue can be fully utilized for modification, the modified material is returned to the furnace for pyrolysis, and harmless treatment of the oil residue can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the device and the method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying the water-containing oil residues, which have simple structure and low operating cost, can recover most of oil products in the oil residues, and completely utilize the oil residues and carbon-containing powder in a closed cycle, thereby realizing the environment-friendly and harmless treatment of solid wastes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a device for granulation, re-pyrolysis and gasification of water-containing oil residue comprises a quantitative powder conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a primary mixing system, an oil residue modification, heating and mixing system, an oil residue cooling, crushing and granulation system and a light oil recovery system;
the device comprises a powder quantitative conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a preliminary mixing system and a control system, wherein the powder quantitative conveying system and the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system are respectively connected with the preliminary mixing system, the powder quantitative conveying system is used for conveying powder generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification into the preliminary mixing system, the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system is used for continuously feeding water-containing oil residue generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification into the preliminary mixing system, and the preliminary mixing system is used for mixing two materials twice to adsorb oil molecules in the oil residue by utilizing the porous characteristic of the powder and;
the preliminary mixing system is connected with the oil residue modification heating mixing system, the oil residue modification heating mixing system is used for realizing melting mixing of the modified oil residue fed by the preliminary mixing system under the closed heating condition, and the mixture material is heated to generate light components; the light oil recovery system is connected with the oil residue modification heating mixing system and is used for recovering light components generated by heating mixed materials;
the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system is connected with the oil residue modification and heating mixing system, the modified oil residue heated by the oil residue modification and heating mixing system is sent into the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system, and the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system is used for cooling and grinding the oil residue into fine materials and then returning to the pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device.
Furthermore, the powder quantitative conveying system comprises a pyrolysis waste solid powder collector, the upper part of a bin body of the pyrolysis waste solid powder collector is connected with a waste solid powder dust removal unit and a waste solid powder protection gas unit, the lower part of the bin body is provided with a waste solid powder batcher and a waste solid powder fluidization unit, and the bin body is fixed on a waste solid powder weighing unit.
Further, the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system comprises a high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector and an oil residue feeder, and the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector and the oil residue feeder are connected and then connected with the primary mixing system.
Further, the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector and the oil residue feeder are connected through a mirror-finished stainless steel pipe and are vertically connected with the primary mixing system through the mirror-finished stainless steel pipe.
Further, the primary mixing system comprises a multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator, a primary granulation blanking valve, a secondary granulation blanking valve, a primary granulation respirator and a secondary granulation respirator; the multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator comprises a first-stage granulator and a second-stage granulator, the upper portion of the first-stage granulator is connected with a powder quantitative conveying system and an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system respectively, the lower portion of the first-stage granulator is connected with a feed inlet of the second-stage granulator through a first-stage granulation blanking valve, an outlet at the lower portion of the second-stage granulator is connected with a second-stage granulation blanking valve, and a first-stage granulation respirator and a second-stage granulation respirator are arranged on the first-stage granulator and the second-stage.
Further, the oil residue modification heating mixing system comprises an oil residue modification heating mixing machine, a light oil recoverer and a light oil burner; the oil residue inlet at the upper part of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll is connected with the discharge port of the primary mixing system, and the circulating medium inlet and the circulating medium outlet of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll are connected with the light oil burner.
Further, the light oil recovery system comprises a light oil recoverer, the light oil recoverer is connected with a light oil recovery tank, and a light oil outlet of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll is connected to the light oil recoverer.
Further, the oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system comprises an oil residue cooling cooler and an oil residue modifying, grinding and crushing machine, an oil residue outlet of the oil residue modifying, heating and mixing system is communicated with an oil residue inlet of the cooling cooler, an oil residue outlet of the cooling cooler is communicated with a material inlet of the oil residue modifying, grinding and crushing machine, an outlet of the oil residue modifying, grinding and crushing machine is communicated with a modified powder transmitter, and the modified powder transmitter transmits the modified powder to a pulverized coal bunker through a modified powder transmitting channel.
Further, the oil residue modification grinding crusher is a flat disc, bowl, E-shaped or roller type grinding crusher; the oil residue modification heating mixing roll adopts a plate type, shell-and-tube type, double-coil type or double-bayonet type heat exchange mode.
The method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying the water-containing oil residue comprises the following steps:
firstly, powder generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification is connected with a feeding system through a quantitative powder conveying system, and water-containing oil residue generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification is continuously fed through a residue continuous conveying feeding system;
step two, the two materials enter a primary mixing system, and are subjected to primary mixing for coarse mixing, so that continuous feeding of the materials and 80% uniformity mixing of the materials are completed; then the two-stage mixing realizes the uniform mixing of not less than 98 percent, the porous characteristic of the powder is utilized to adsorb oil molecules in the oil residue, the modification of the mixture is realized, and the materials enter an oil residue modification heating mixing system after being completely mixed;
step three, realizing melt mixing under the condition of closed heating of an oil residue modification heating mixing system to generate a polymer with a novel structure, realizing the advantage complementation of the performances of different polymers, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the modified oil residue; light components generated by heating the mixed materials are recycled and further utilized through a light oil recovery system;
and step four, feeding the modified oil slag subjected to melting and mixing in the oil slag modification heating mixing system into an oil slag cooling crushing granulation system to be cooled to normal temperature, then grinding to obtain fine materials of 60-200 meshes, sending the fine materials to a pulverized coal bunker through a modified powder sender, and then returning the fine materials to a pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device for reaction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the waste solid carbon-containing powder and the water-containing oil residue generated in the coal pyrolysis or pyrolysis-gasification process for preparing coal tar by using coal as a raw material are sent into a primary mixing system to be mixed in two stages, the respective characteristics are fully utilized, the extremely strong adsorbability of the carbon-containing powder is utilized to adsorb oily molecules in the water-containing oil residue, the modification of the mixture is realized, the solid-liquid ratio of the oil residue is reduced, and the coal blending and powder making performance is improved;
2) the melting mixing is realized under the condition of closed heating of an oil residue modification heating mixing system, a polymer with a novel structure is generated, the advantage complementation of the performance among different polymers is realized, the combination of carbon-containing powder and the oil residue can be realized, the carbon-containing powder and the oil residue can be fully melted after being heated, the physical properties of the two substances are close to each other as much as possible, the low-boiling-point liquid can be combusted to generate heat, a heat source is provided for the modified oil residue, and the low-boiling-point liquid can also be;
3) the melted and mixed high-boiling-point liquid can be absorbed and solidified by powder, and then is cooled by an oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system to form blocks, and the blocks have the performance close to that of pulverized coal after being crushed, so that the requirement of returning to the furnace can be completely met;
4) the continuous production of mixing and granulating the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue is realized, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced;
5) on the premise of meeting the requirement of continuous production, the industrial demonstration device returns the water-containing oil residue and the carbon-containing powder to the reactor to be subjected to thermal decomposition and gasification, so that the process is the most economical and environment-friendly process, and the stability of the process is verified in a pilot plant.
The device has simple structure, low price and low operating cost, can recover most of oil products in the oil residue according to the actual situation, can further gasify the carbon-containing powder, forms closed cycle in the system, realizes the environment-friendly and harmless treatment of solid waste, and digests the solid waste through the internal cycle, thereby strictly controlling the discharge amount of the solid waste, recovering most of the oil products in the oil residue, and completely utilizing the oil residue and the carbon-containing powder, and having outstanding economic and environmental values.
The device and the method realize closed cycle of oil residue and pyrolysis powder generated by pyrolysis gasification, not only solve the problem of environmental protection, but also recycle and reuse carbon-containing waste solids.
Further, the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector and the oil residue feeder are vertically connected with the primary mixing granulation system of the primary mixing system through the mirror-surface-treated stainless steel pipe, so that continuous feeding of the high-viscosity oil residue is realized, and the problem of blockage of the high-viscosity oil residue is effectively solved.
Compared with the existing pyrolysis process of the oil residue containing water and the blending process by a physical or chemical method, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. by adopting a powder quantitative conveying system and an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, the equipment cost for storing the oil residue is greatly reduced compared with intermittent mixing;
2. the carbon-containing powder material has strong adsorbability to adsorb oily molecules in the water-containing oil residue, the adsorbability of the powder material is fully utilized, the solid-liquid ratio of the oil residue is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved;
3. the powder generated by pyrolysis and gasification is fully utilized to be modified with the water-containing oil residue, and the modified material is returned to the furnace for pyrolysis, which is the most effective and environment-friendly treatment mode capable of realizing harmless treatment of the oil residue.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a pyrolysis waste solid powder collector; 2. a high viscosity aqueous oil residue collector; 3. a multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator; 4. oil residue modification heating mixing roll; 5. an oil residue cooling cooler; 6. an oil residue modification grinding crusher; 7. a light oil recoverer; 8. a light oil burner; 9. a modified powder material sender; 10. a light oil recovery tank; 11. a modified powder sending channel; 12. a waste solid powder dust removal unit; 13. a waste solid powder protective gas unit; 14. a waste solid powder weighing unit; 15. a waste solid powder fluidization unit; 16. a waste solid powder batcher; 17. a first-stage granulation blanking valve; 18. a secondary granulation blanking valve; 19. a first-stage granulation respirator; 20. a secondary granulation respirator; 21. a circulating medium outlet; 22. a circulating medium inlet; 23. a cooling circulating water inlet; 24. a cooling circulating water outlet; 25. a light oil discharge valve; 26. a sludge feeder; 27. a pulverized coal bunker.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying the water-containing oil residue of the present invention comprises: the system comprises a powder quantitative conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a primary mixing system, an oil residue modification, heating and mixing system, an oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system and a light oil recovery system;
the quantitative powder conveying system comprises a pyrolysis waste solid powder collector 1, the upper part of a bin body of the pyrolysis waste solid powder collector 1 is connected with a waste solid powder dust removal unit 12 and a waste solid powder protection gas unit 13, the lower part of the bin body is provided with a waste solid powder batcher 16 and a waste solid powder fluidization unit 15, and the bin body is fixed on a waste solid powder weighing unit 14.
The quantitative conveying system for the pyrolysis waste solid powder is used for storing and metering powder type waste solids generated by a pyrolysis gasification device, the waste solid powder protective gas unit 13 generates high-temperature powder, and the solid waste solid powder fluidization unit 15 realizes powder fluidization and the fixed-time quantitative conveying of the waste solid powder batcher 16 to a primary mixing system.
The oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system comprises a high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector 2 and an oil residue feeder 26, wherein the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector 2 and the oil residue feeder 26 are vertically connected with the primary mixing and granulating system of the primary mixing system through mirror-finished stainless steel pipes.
The primary mixing system comprises a multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator 3, a first-stage granulation blanking valve 17, a second-stage granulation blanking valve 18, a first-stage granulation respirator 19 and a second-stage granulation respirator 20. The upper part of the first-stage granulator is connected with a waste solid powder batcher 16 and an oil residue feeder 26, the lower part of the first-stage granulator is connected with a feed inlet of a second-stage granulator through a first-stage granulation blanking valve 17, and an outlet at the lower part of the second-stage granulator is connected with a second-stage granulation blanking valve 18. The first-stage granulation respirator 19 and the second-stage granulation respirator 20 are used for keeping the multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator in a micro-positive pressure state.
The waste solid powder batcher is composed of a waste solid powder batcher 16 and a waste solid powder weighing unit 14, feeding is timed and quantified, and feeding amount is accurately controlled by program control of feeding time and frequency of the positive displacement waste solid powder batcher 16.
The oil residue modification heating mixing system comprises an oil residue modification heating mixing machine 4, a light oil recoverer 7 and a light oil burner 8. An oil residue inlet at the upper part of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 is connected with a secondary granulation blanking valve 18, a circulating heat medium enters the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 from a circulating medium inlet 22, the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 is discharged from a circulating medium outlet 21, the circulating medium inlet 22 and the circulating medium outlet 21 are connected with a light oil burner 8, a light oil outlet of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 is connected with a clean oil recoverer 7, and the clean oil recoverer 7 is connected with a light oil recovery tank 10. The light oil recoverer 7 can recover all or part of the light oil, and the light oil burner 8 can utilize the recovered light oil as fuel, and can also introduce natural gas or low-calorific-value synthesis gas as fuel. The light oil components recovered by the light oil recoverer 7 are at 70-170 ℃.
The oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 can adopt plate type heat exchange, shell-and-tube type heat exchange, double-coil type heat exchange, double-bayonet type heat exchange and other heat exchange modes. The light oil components generated by the oil residue modification heating mixing mill 4 can be supplied to the light oil burner 8 after being recovered by the light oil recoverer 7, and can also be recovered by entering the light oil recovery tank 10, and the bottom of the light oil recovery tank 10 is provided with a light oil discharge valve 25. The heat source at the initial start-up of the slag modifying and heating kneader 4 is supplied by electric heating or steam heating. The light oil recovery system completes recovery and utilization of volatile light oil components of the oil residue modification heating mixing system, and heat generated by light oil combustion is utilized to heat materials.
The oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system comprises an oil residue cooling cooler 5, an oil residue modification, grinding and crushing machine 6 and a corresponding cooling circulation. An oil residue outlet at the lower part of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 is communicated with an oil residue inlet of a cooling cooler 5, an oil residue outlet of the cooling cooler 5 is communicated with a material inlet of an oil residue modification grinding crusher 6, the cooling cooler 5 is provided with a cooling circulating water inlet 23 and a cooling circulating water outlet 24, and an outlet of the oil residue modification grinding crusher 6 is communicated with a modified powder sender 9.
The grinding mode of the oil residue modification grinding crusher 6 can be a flat disc mill, a bowl mill, an E-shaped mill and a roller mill. The oil residue after heating and mixing is cooled to normal temperature by an oil residue cooling cooler 5, enters an oil residue modification grinding crusher 6, is crushed to 60-200 meshes by the oil residue modification grinding crusher 6, is sent to a pulverized coal bunker 27 through a modified powder sending channel 11 by a modified powder sender 9, and then returns to a pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device.
The modified oil residue which meets 60-200 meshes and is generated after crushing and grinding can directly enter a pulverized coal bunker, and is mixed with raw material pulverized coal and then enters a pyrolysis gasification reactor again.
The powder produced by pyrolysis and gasification contains one or more of dry coal powder with carbon content of more than 60 wt% (analysis basis), pyrolysis powder, fine ash, gasification ash and the like.
Based on the device, the method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying the water-containing oil residue comprises the following steps:
step one, feeding powder generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification through a pyrolysis waste solid powder collector 1 at a certain feeding rate under the program control of a waste solid powder batcher, and continuously feeding water-containing oil residue generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification through a high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector 2.
Secondly, the two materials enter a primary mixing granulator of a primary mixing system for coarse mixing, the first mixing of the materials is completed within the time set by a program, and the continuous feeding of the materials and the 80% uniformity of the materials are mainly completed in the mixing; the materials enter a second-stage mixing granulator through a first-stage granulation discharging valve 17 for further mixing, uniform mixing of not less than 98% is realized in a second-stage mixing granulation system, oil molecules in the oil residue are adsorbed by fully utilizing the porous characteristic of the powder, the modification of the mixture is realized, and the materials enter an oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4 after being completely mixed;
step three, realizing melt mixing under the condition of airtight heating of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll 4, breaking macromolecules under the strong shearing action at high temperature to generate free radicals, combining the free radicals with other kinds of molecules to generate a polymer with a novel structure, realizing the advantage complementation of the performances among different polymers, and fully and uniformly stirring and mixing the modified oil residues; the mixed materials are heated to generate light components, the heat released by the light oil combustor 8 after the light oil components are combusted is used as a heat source of the oil residue modification heating mixer 4, the light oil components which are not consumed in the light oil recoverer 7 are recovered into a light oil recovery tank 10 and are discharged out of the system through a light oil discharge valve 25 for further utilization;
the modified oil residue passes through an oil residue cooling cooler 5, so that the strength of the oil residue is improved, a gel structure is formed, the elastic modulus is improved, the modified oil residue is cooled to the normal temperature, and the modified oil residue has high hardness, good grindability index and good processing performance;
and step five, the cooled modified oil residues enter an oil residue modification grinding crusher 6, and the fine materials of 60-200 meshes ground by the oil residue modification grinding crusher 6 are sent to a pulverized coal bunker 27 through a modified powder sender 9 and then returned to the pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device for reaction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of aqueous oil residue granulation pyrolysis gasification which characterized in that: the system comprises a quantitative powder conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a primary mixing system, an oil residue modification, heating and mixing system, an oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system and a light oil recovery system;
the device comprises a powder quantitative conveying system, an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system, a preliminary mixing system and a control system, wherein the powder quantitative conveying system and the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system are respectively connected with the preliminary mixing system, the powder quantitative conveying system is used for conveying powder generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification into the preliminary mixing system, the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system is used for continuously feeding water-containing oil residue generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification into the preliminary mixing system, and the preliminary mixing system is used for mixing two materials twice to adsorb oil molecules in the oil residue by utilizing the porous characteristic of the powder and;
the preliminary mixing system is connected with the oil residue modification heating mixing system, the oil residue modification heating mixing system is used for realizing melting mixing of the modified oil residue fed by the preliminary mixing system under the closed heating condition, and the mixture material is heated to generate light components; the light oil recovery system is connected with the oil residue modification heating mixing system and is used for recovering light components generated by heating mixed materials;
the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system is connected with the oil residue modification and heating mixing system, the modified oil residue heated by the oil residue modification and heating mixing system is sent into the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system, and the oil residue cooling and crushing granulation system is used for cooling and grinding the oil residue into fine materials and then returning to the pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device.
2. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 1, wherein: the powder quantitative conveying system comprises a pyrolysis waste solid powder collector (1), the upper part of a bin body of the pyrolysis waste solid powder collector (1) is connected with a waste solid powder dust removal unit (12) and a waste solid powder protection gas unit (13), the lower part of the bin body is provided with a waste solid powder batcher (16) and a waste solid powder fluidization unit (15), and the bin body is fixed on a waste solid powder weighing unit (14).
3. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 1, wherein: the oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system comprises a high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector (2) and an oil residue feeder (26), and the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector (2) and the oil residue feeder (26) are connected and then connected with a primary mixing system.
4. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 3, wherein: the high-viscosity water-containing oil residue collector (2) and the oil residue feeder (26) are connected through a mirror-finished stainless steel pipe and are vertically connected with the primary mixing system through the mirror-finished stainless steel pipe.
5. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 1, wherein: the primary mixing system comprises a multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator (3), a primary granulation blanking valve (17), a secondary granulation blanking valve (18), a primary granulation respirator (19) and a secondary granulation respirator (20); the multi-stage oil residue mixing granulator (3) comprises a first-stage granulator and a second-stage granulator, the upper part of the first-stage granulator is connected with a powder quantitative conveying system and an oil residue continuous conveying and feeding system respectively, the lower part of the first-stage granulator is connected with a feed inlet of the second-stage granulator through a first-stage granulation blanking valve (17), an outlet at the lower part of the second-stage granulator is connected with a second-stage granulation blanking valve (18), and a first-stage granulation respirator (19) and a second-stage granulation respirator (20) are arranged on the first-stage granulator and the second-stage granulator.
6. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 1, wherein: the oil residue modification heating mixing system comprises an oil residue modification heating mixing machine (4), a light oil recoverer (7) and a light oil burner (8); an oil residue inlet at the upper part of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll (4) is connected with a discharge hole of the primary mixing system, and a circulating medium inlet (22) and a circulating medium outlet (21) of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll (4) are connected with a light oil burner (8).
7. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 6, wherein: the light oil recovery system comprises a light oil recovery device (7), the light oil recovery device (7) is connected with a light oil recovery tank (10), and a light oil outlet of the oil residue modification heating mixing roll (4) is connected to the light oil recovery device (7).
8. The device for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to claim 1, wherein: the oil residue cooling, crushing and granulating system comprises an oil residue cooling cooler (5) and an oil residue modification grinding crusher (6), an oil residue outlet of the oil residue modification heating and mixing system is communicated with an oil residue inlet of the cooling cooler (5), an oil residue outlet of the cooling cooler (5) is communicated with a material inlet of the oil residue modification grinding crusher (6), an oil residue modification grinding crusher (6) outlet is communicated with a modified powder transmitter (9), and the modified powder transmitter (9) transmits the modified powder to a pulverized coal bunker (27) through a modified powder transmitting channel (11).
9. The apparatus for granulating, re-pyrolyzing and gasifying water-containing oil residues according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the oil residue modification grinding crusher (6) is a flat disc, bowl, E-shaped or roller type grinding crusher; the oil residue modification heating mixing roll (4) adopts a plate type, shell-and-tube type, double-coil type or double-bayonet type heat exchange mode.
10. The method for granulating, pyrolyzing and gasifying the water-containing oil residues based on the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, powder generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification is connected with a feeding system through a quantitative powder conveying system, and water-containing oil residue generated by pulverized coal pyrolysis and gasification is continuously fed through a residue continuous conveying feeding system;
step two, the two materials enter a primary mixing system, and are subjected to primary mixing for coarse mixing, so that continuous feeding of the materials and 80% uniformity mixing of the materials are completed; then the two-stage mixing realizes the uniform mixing of not less than 98 percent, the porous characteristic of the powder is utilized to adsorb oil molecules in the oil residue, the modification of the mixture is realized, and the materials enter an oil residue modification heating mixing system after being completely mixed;
step three, realizing melt mixing under the condition of closed heating of an oil residue modification heating mixing system to generate a polymer with a novel structure, realizing the advantage complementation of the performances of different polymers, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the modified oil residue; light components generated by heating the mixed materials are recycled and further utilized through a light oil recovery system;
and step four, the modified oil residues melted and mixed by the oil residue modification heating mixing system enter an oil residue cooling crushing granulation system to be cooled to normal temperature, then the modified oil residues are ground to obtain fine materials of 60-200 meshes, and the fine materials are sent to a pulverized coal bunker (27) through a modified powder sender (9) and then returned to the pulverized coal pyrolysis gasification device for reaction.
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