CN109355106B - Coal and oil residue co-conversion device and method - Google Patents
Coal and oil residue co-conversion device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355106B CN109355106B CN201811392321.5A CN201811392321A CN109355106B CN 109355106 B CN109355106 B CN 109355106B CN 201811392321 A CN201811392321 A CN 201811392321A CN 109355106 B CN109355106 B CN 109355106B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C1/00—Working-up tar
- C10C1/20—Refining by chemical means inorganic or organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal and oil residue co-conversion device and a method, wherein the coal and oil residue co-conversion device comprises a coal feeding system, an oil residue pre-refining system and a co-conversion system; the oil residue pre-mixer is added in the oil residue pretreatment process, so that oil residues can be preheated and uniformly mixed to generate oil slurry, the blockage of a conveying pipeline is avoided, the conversion effect of the subsequent reaction process is effectively improved, the gas impact cone, the fluidized feeding device and the like are arranged on the bottom sides inside the lock hopper and the feeding hopper, the blockage of coal powder in a pipeline in the conveying process is prevented, the uninterrupted feeding of the coal powder is ensured, the conveying gas controller is arranged in front of the feeder, the continuous feeding of the coal powder can be achieved, and the accuracy of the coal powder feeding amount is ensured; the oil residue and the coal powder are uniformly reacted with the reaction gas in the converter, the effective collision probability among molecules is improved, the reaction conversion rate and the quality of the coal gas and tar are improved, the waste oil residue and the coal powder are jointly converted in the converter, the effective utilization and conversion of waste are achieved, and the coal gas with higher heat value and the coal tar product with better quality are generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and relates to a coal and oil residue co-conversion device and method.
Background
The coal, gas and oil shortage are the basic characteristics of the energy structure in China, and the coal is still the main primary energy in the next 20 years. In 2016, the total energy consumption of China is 43.6 hundred million tons of standard coal, the consumption proportion of non-fossil energy is increased to 13 percent, the consumption proportion of natural gas is increased to 6.3 percent, the consumption proportion of coal is reduced to 63 percent, and the coal still plays a vital role in the economic development of China. Although the proportion of coal in the energy structure of China is slightly reduced along with the continuous adjustment of the energy structure of China and the development of new energy such as renewable energy, the development trend that the dependence on petroleum is reduced by supplementing petroleum with coal and obtaining chemical raw materials cannot be changed. The low metamorphic coal has the characteristics of low ash, low phosphorus, low sulfur, high calorific value and low caking property, and is high-quality coal for low-temperature dry distillation, industrial gasification, liquefaction and power. The method extracts tar in the coal by pyrolyzing the low metamorphic coal, and performs quality-based utilization on pyrolysis product coal gas and semicoke, thereby being an effective way for efficiently and environmentally utilizing a large amount of low metamorphic coal in China.
Along with the low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal, the process can generate paste mixture oil residues of semicoke, coal dust and the like and heavy coal tar, and a centrifugal separation method, a sedimentation method, an incineration method and the like are mainly adopted in China. The centrifugal separation method has high cost and incomplete separation effect; the oil residue is settled by a settling method, partial oil is extracted by extrusion, and the residue is still polluted when being buried; the burning method generally concentrates and pretreats the oil residue, and then sends the oil residue to a burning furnace for burning, so that the secondary pollution is large. In addition, along with the gradual improvement of the mechanization degree of coal dressing, the lump coal rate of mechanized coal mining is mostly 20-30%, so that the quantity of pulverized coal is increased quickly. A large amount of pulverized coal resources cannot be effectively utilized, which wastes energy and pollutes the environment.
In order to save energy, reduce the pollution of pulverized coal and oil residue to the environment and reasonably utilize the resources, the key problem of recycling the pulverized coal and the oil residue is to convert the pulverized coal and the waste oil residue after the low-temperature pyrolysis of the coal into coal tar with better quality and coal gas with higher heat value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal and oil residue co-conversion device and a coal and oil residue co-conversion method, which are used for co-converting oil residues and coal powder into coal gas and coal tar and thoroughly solving the problem of utilization of waste oil residues and low-order coal powder on the premise of economy and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a coal and oil residue co-conversion device comprises a coal feeding system, an oil residue pre-refining system and a co-conversion system;
the coal feeding system comprises a coal bunker, a lock hopper, a feeding hopper and a feeding device which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and balancers are respectively connected between the coal bunker and the lock hopper and between the lock hopper and the feeding hopper for balancing pressure; one or two combinations of a gas impact cone and a fluidized feeding device are arranged at the bottom sides of the insides of the lock hopper and the feeding hopper, so that the pulverized coal blanking is strengthened, and the pulverized coal bridge is prevented; the feeding device is communicated with a conveying gas source through a conveying gas controller and is communicated with the solid mixer;
the oil residue pre-refining system comprises an oil residue pre-refining device, an oil slurry blowing device and an oil slurry controller which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein an atomizer is connected between the oil slurry blowing device and the oil slurry controller in series, an inlet of the atomizer is communicated with an atomizing gas source through the atomizing gas controller, and the oil slurry controller is communicated with the solid mixer;
the co-conversion system comprises a coal-oil residue converter, wherein 2 feed inlets at the middle upper part and the middle lower part and gas fluidizers vertically distributed at the bottom and the side of the coal-oil residue converter from top to bottom are distributed on the coal-oil residue converter;
the slurry oil controller is connected with the coal-oil residue converter in series through a conveying nozzle and then is communicated with a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the coal-oil residue converter, and the solid mixer is connected with the coal-oil residue converter in series through a conveying nozzle and then is communicated with a feed inlet at the middle lower part of the coal-oil residue converter; the top is provided with an oil gas product outlet which is connected with a product recovery device, an oil product rectification device and a tail gas treatment device, the bottom is provided with an ash residue discharge outlet, and the coal-oil residue converter adopts one or the combination of external heat taking and internal self-heating heat transfer modes.
The gas fluidizer of the coal-oil residue converter is communicated with a reaction gas source through a reaction gas controller.
Further, one or a combination of two of a gas impact cone and a fluidized feeding device is arranged at the bottom side inside the lock hopper and the feeding hopper
Further, the atomizer is provided with 3 ~ 10 air inlets that are fan-shaped distribution.
Further, the height difference between the feed inlet at the middle upper part and the feed inlet at the middle lower part of the coal-oil residue converter is 0-10 m.
Further, the gas fluidizers of the coal-oil residue converter are vertically distributed at the bottom and the side of the coal-oil residue converter from top to bottom, and the height difference is 0.1-5 m.
Furthermore, the top of the coal-oil residue converter is an oil gas product outlet which is connected with a product recovery device, an oil product rectification device and a tail gas treatment device; the bottom is an ash discharge outlet.
Further, the coal-oil residue converter adopts one or the combination of external heat or internal self-heating heat transfer modes.
The co-conversion method of the coal and the oil residue comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: coal enters the lock hopper through the coal bunker, enters the feeding hopper through the lock hopper, and the pressure between the coal bunker and the lock hopper and the pressure between the lock hopper and the feeding hopper are balanced through the balancer; the pulverized coal blanking is strengthened through one or the combination of two of the gas impact cone and the fluidized feeding device, so that the pulverized coal is prevented from bridging;
step two: conveying gas enters a solid feeder through a conveying gas controller, and coal discharged from the bottom of a feeding hopper is brought into a solid mixer through the solid feeder;
step three: the oil residue enters an oil residue pre-smelting device for stirring and preheating, and the formed fluid oil slurry enters an atomizer through an oil slurry blower;
step four: atomized gas enters the atomizer through the atomization gas controller to atomize the oil slurry entering the atomizer, and an outlet is connected with a solid mixer and a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the coal-oil residue converter;
step five: the atomized slurry oil and coal are mixed in a solid mixer and then enter a feed inlet at the lower middle part of the coal-oil residue converter through a conveying nozzle; the oil slurry enters a middle upper feed port of the coal-oil residue converter through a conveying nozzle, the coal in the solid mixer enters a middle lower feed port of the coal-oil residue converter through the conveying nozzle, and the coal and the oil slurry are mixed in the coal-oil residue converter;
step six: the reaction gas enters the coal-oil residue converter through the reaction gas controller and the gas fluidizer, and the mixed coal and oil slurry react with the reaction gas in the coal-oil residue converter;
step seven: recovering the product from the oil gas product outlet, feeding the product into a tail gas treatment device, and discharging the waste residue from a residue discharge outlet.
Further, the reaction gas sent by the gas inlet of the coal-oil residue converter comprises carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, oxygen and nitrogen, wherein the hydrogen accounts for 10-50% of the total volume of the reaction gas, and the methane accounts for 10-30% of the total volume of the reaction gas.
Furthermore, the coal participating in the co-transformation is pulverized coal, the coal type is low-metamorphic coal, the fixed carbon content of an air drying base is not lower than 40%, the volatile component content of the air drying base is not lower than 20%, the ash content is not higher than 30 wt%, the melting range of the coal ash is 1100-1500 ℃, and the particle size range of the pulverized coal is 40-350 meshes.
Further, the water content of the oil residue participating in the co-transformation is 0-10%; the oil content is not less than 20%, wherein the naphthalene oil content is not less than 5%, the phenol oil content is not less than 10%, and the liquid alkane content is not less than 10%; the content of carbon in the solid is 10-80%.
Further, the temperature of the slurry oil at the outlet of the oil residue pre-mixer is 200-400 ℃; the temperature of the coal and the oil slurry entering the coal-oil residue converter is 300-500 ℃; the reaction temperature in the coal-oil residue converter is 450-800 ℃, the mass ratio of the oil slurry to the coal is 1: 0-1: 20, and the reaction pressure is 0.001-8.0 MPaG.
Further, the atomizing gas includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen and steam.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1. the coal participating in the co-transformation is pulverized coal, the coal type is low-metamorphic coal, the fixed carbon content of an air drying base is not lower than 40%, the volatile content of the air drying base is not lower than 20%, the ash content is not higher than 30 wt%, the melting range of the coal ash is 1100-1500 ℃, and the particle size range of the pulverized coal is 40-350 meshes; using carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, oxygen, nitrogen and the like as reaction gases, atomizing the oil residue participating in the co-conversion by using an atomizer, and then feeding the atomized oil residue into a coal-oil residue co-converter at the temperature of 300-500 ℃; the reaction temperature in the coal-oil residue converter is 450-800 ℃, the mass ratio of the oil slurry to the coal is 1: 0-1: 20, and the reaction pressure is 0.001-8.0 MPaG.
2. The fluidity of the oil residue is improved. The oil residue pre-mixer is added in the oil residue early-stage treatment process, so that the oil residue can be preheated and uniformly mixed to generate oil slurry, the blockage of a conveying pipeline is avoided, and the conversion effect in the subsequent reaction process is effectively improved.
3. Continuous feeding of coal dust. The invention uses three-stage devices of the coal bunker, the lock hopper and the feeding hopper, and the bottom sides inside the lock hopper and the feeding hopper are provided with one or two combinations of a gas impact cone and a fluidized feeding device, thereby preventing the coal powder from being blocked in a pipeline in the conveying process and ensuring the uninterrupted feeding of the coal powder; and a conveying air controller is arranged in front of the feeder, so that the continuous feeding of the pulverized coal can be realized, and the accuracy of the feeding amount of the pulverized coal is ensured.
4. And (3) uniformly feeding the slurry oil. The invention adopts the atomizer and is matched with atomizing gas for use, so that solid small particles in the oil slurry and the coal tar can be dispersed into a uniform phase, and the subsequent conversion efficiency is improved.
5. The efficiency of the coal-oil residue converter is improved. The converter is provided with 2 feed inlets at the middle upper part and the middle lower part and gas fluidizers vertically distributed at the bottom and the side of the coal-oil residue converter from top to bottom, so that oil residue and coal powder are uniformly reacted with reaction gas in the converter, the effective collision probability among molecules is improved, and the reaction conversion rate and the quality of coal gas and tar are improved.
6. The invention utilizes the waste oil residues and the coal dust to be jointly converted in the converter, thereby achieving the effective utilization and conversion of the waste, and generating coal gas with higher heat value and coal tar products with better quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a coal bunker; 2. locking the bucket; 3. a feeding hopper; 4. a solids mixer; 5. a coal-to-oil residue converter; 6. an oil residue pre-mixer; 7. an oil slurry blower; 8. an atomizer; 9. a balancer; 10. a solids feeder; 11. a delivery nozzle; 12. reaction gas; 13. conveying gas; 14. atomizing gas; 15. oil residue; 16. coal; 17. a reaction gas controller; 18. a delivery gas controller; 19. an atomization gas controller; 20. an oil slurry controller; 21. a slag discharge port; 22. product recovery and tail gas treatment; 23. a gas impact cone; 24 a fluidized feed device; 25 gas fluidizer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the examples, but without limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention includes a coal feeding system, an oil residue pre-refining system, and a co-conversion system. The coal feeding system comprises a coal bunker 1, a lock hopper 2, a feeding hopper 3 and a solid feeder 10. The oil residue pre-refining system comprises an oil residue pre-refining device 6, an oil slurry sprayer 7 and an oil slurry controller 20. The co-reforming system comprises a coal-to-oil residue reformer 5.
The coal feeding system comprises a coal bunker 1, a lock hopper 2, a feeding hopper 3 and a feeding device 10 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, balancers 9 are respectively connected between the coal bunker 1 and the lock hopper 2 and between the lock hopper 2 and the feeding hopper 3 to balance pressure, and one or two combinations of a gas impact cone 23 and a fluidized feeding device 24 are arranged on the bottom sides of the lock hopper and the feeding hopper. The conveying gas 13 is communicated with the feeding device 10, a conveying gas controller 18 is connected in series in the middle for conveying gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and the feeding device 10 is communicated with the solid mixer 4.
The oil residue system of smelting in advance is including the oil residue ware of smelting in advance 6 that from top to bottom arranges in proper order, oil slurry blower 7, oil slurry controller 20, it has atomizer 8 to establish ties between oil slurry blower 7 and the oil slurry controller 20, 8 entrances of atomizer link to each other with atomizing gas 14, it has atomizing air controller 19 to establish ties in the middle, atomizer 8 is provided with 3 ~ 5 air inlets, be fan-shaped distribution, atomizing gas includes gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas, steam, the atomizer can make solid tiny particle in the oil slurry scatter into the homogeneous phase with the coal tar, improve the efficiency of follow-up conversion.
The oil slurry controller 20 is communicated with the solid mixer 4, a conveying nozzle 11 is connected in series between the oil slurry controller 20 and the coal-oil residue converter 5, and a conveying nozzle 11 is connected in series between the solid mixer 4 and the coal-oil residue converter 5.
The coal-oil residue converter 5 is used for the reaction and conversion of coal and oil residue, and is provided with 2 feed inlets at the upper middle part and the lower middle part and gas fluidizers 25 vertically distributed at the bottom and the side of the coal-oil residue converter 5 from top to bottom, so that the coal powder, the oil residue and the reaction gas are effectively mixed; the height difference h is arranged between a middle upper feed port and a middle lower feed port of the coal-oil residue converter 5, so that coal powder and oil residue are uniformly mixed and reacted in the converter, the height difference is set to be 0-10 m, the gas fluidizers 25 are arranged at the bottom and the side face of the coal-oil residue converter 5, the height difference d is vertically distributed from top to bottom, the distance is 0.1-5m, the top of the coal-oil residue converter 5 is provided with an oil gas product outlet 22, a connecting product recovery device, an oil product rectification device and a tail gas treatment device are connected, an ash residue discharge outlet 21 is arranged at the bottom, and the coal-oil residue converter 5 adopts one or the combination of an external heat taking mode or an internal self-heating heat transfer mode.
The slurry oil controller 20 is communicated with a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the coal-oil residue converter 5, and the solid mixer 4 is communicated with a feed inlet at the middle lower part of the coal-oil residue converter 5.
The reaction gas 12 is communicated with a reaction gas controller 17, and the reaction gas controller 17 is communicated with the coal-oil residue converter 5 through a gas fluidizer 25.
The transformation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: coal enters the lock hopper 2 through the coal bunker 1, enters the feeding hopper 3 through the lock hopper 2, balances the pressure between the coal bunker 1 and the lock hopper 2 and between the lock hopper 2 and the feeding hopper 3 through the balancer 9, and strengthens the coal powder blanking through one or the combination of a gas impact cone (23) and a fluidized feeding device (24) to prevent the coal powder from bridging;
step two: conveying gas 13 enters the solid feeder 10 through a conveying gas controller 18, and coal discharged from the bottom of the feeding hopper 3 is brought into the solid mixer 4 through the solid feeder 10;
step three: the oil residue enters an oil residue pre-smelting device 6 for stirring and preheating, and the formed fluid oil slurry enters an atomizer 8 through an oil slurry blower 7;
step four: atomizing gas 14 enters the atomizer 8 through an atomizing gas controller 19 to atomize the oil slurry entering the atomizer, and an outlet is connected with a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the solid mixer 4 and the coal-oil residue converter 5;
step five: the atomized slurry oil and coal are mixed in a solid mixer 4 and then enter a feed inlet at the middle lower part of a coal-oil residue converter 5 through a conveying nozzle 11; the oil slurry enters a middle upper feed inlet of the coal-oil residue converter 5 through a conveying nozzle 11, the coal in the solid mixer 4 enters a middle lower feed inlet of the coal-oil residue converter 5 through the conveying nozzle 11, and the coal and the oil slurry are mixed in the coal-oil residue converter 5;
step six: the reaction gas 12 passes through the reaction gas controller 17 and enters the coal-oil residue converter 5 through the gas fluidizer 25, and the mixed coal, the oil slurry and the reaction gas react in the coal-oil residue converter 5;
step seven: the product is recovered from the oil gas product outlet 22, the waste gas enters the tail gas treatment device, and the waste residue is discharged from the slag discharge outlet 21.
The gas inlet of the coal-oil residue converter 5 is coke oven gas or a simulated coke oven gas atmosphere and comprises carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, oxygen, nitrogen and the like, wherein the hydrogen accounts for 10-50% of the total volume of the reaction gas, and the methane accounts for 10-30% of the total volume of the reaction gas.
The coal 16 participating in the co-transformation is pulverized coal, the coal is low-metamorphic coal, the fixed carbon content of an air drying base is not lower than 40%, the volatile component content of the air drying base is not lower than 20%, the ash content is not higher than 30 wt%, the melting range of coal ash is 1100-1500 ℃, and the particle size range of the pulverized coal is 40-350 meshes.
The water content of the oil residue participating in the co-transformation is 0-10%; the oil content is not less than 20%, wherein the naphthalene oil content is not less than 5%, the phenol oil content is not less than 10%, and the liquid alkane content is not less than 10%; the content of carbon in the solid is 10-80%.
The temperature of the slurry oil at the outlet of the oil residue pre-mixer is 200-400 ℃; the coal and the oil slurry enter a coal-oil residue converter 5 at the temperature of 300-500 ℃; the reaction temperature in the coal-oil residue converter 5 is 450-800 ℃, the mass ratio of the oil slurry to the coal is 1: 0-1: 20, and the reaction pressure is 0.001-8.0 MPaG.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A coal and oil residue co-conversion device is characterized in that: comprises a coal feeding system, an oil residue pre-refining system and a co-conversion system;
the coal feeding system comprises a coal bunker (1), a lock hopper (2), a feeding hopper (3) and a feeding device (10) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and balancers (9) are respectively connected between the coal bunker (1) and the lock hopper (2) and between the lock hopper (2) and the feeding hopper (3) to balance pressure; the feeding device (10) is communicated with a conveying gas source through a conveying gas controller (18), and the feeding device (10) is communicated with the solid mixer (4);
the oil residue pre-refining system comprises an oil residue pre-refining device (6), an oil slurry blowing device (7) and an oil slurry controller (20) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein an atomizer (8) is connected in series between the oil slurry blowing device (7) and the oil slurry controller (20), the inlet of the atomizer (8) is communicated with an atomizing gas source through an atomizing gas controller (19), and the oil slurry controller (20) is communicated with a solid mixer (4);
the co-conversion system comprises a coal-oil residue converter (5), wherein 2 feed inlets at the middle upper part and the middle lower part are distributed on the coal-oil residue converter (5), and gas fluidizers (25) are vertically distributed at the bottom and the side surface of the coal-oil residue converter (5) from top to bottom;
a conveying nozzle (11) is connected between the slurry oil controller (20) and the coal-oil residue converter (5) in series and then communicated with a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the coal-oil residue converter (5), and a conveying nozzle (11) is connected between the solid mixer (4) and the coal-oil residue converter (5) in series and then communicated with a feed inlet at the middle lower part of the coal-oil residue converter (5);
the coal-oil residue converter (5) is connected with a gas fluidizer (25), and the gas fluidizer (25) is communicated with a reaction gas source through a reaction gas controller (17).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: one or the combination of two of a gas impact cone (23) and a fluidized feeding device (24) is arranged at the bottom side of the inner parts of the lock hopper (2) and the feeding hopper (3).
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the atomizer (8) is provided with 3-10 air inlets which are distributed in a fan shape.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the height difference between the middle upper feed inlet and the middle lower feed inlet of the coal-oil residue converter (5) is 0-10 m.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the gas fluidizers (25) of the coal-oil residue converter (5) are vertically distributed at the bottom and the side of the coal-oil residue converter (5) from top to bottom, and the distance between the fluidizers (25) is 0.1-5 m.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the top of the coal-oil residue converter (5) is provided with an oil gas product outlet (22) which is connected with a product recovery device, an oil product rectification device and a tail gas treatment device; the bottom is an ash discharge outlet (21).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the coal-oil residue converter (5) adopts one or the combination of two modes of external heat taking or internal self-heating heat transfer.
8. The coal and oil residue co-conversion method based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: coal enters the lock hopper (2) through the coal bunker (1), enters the feeding hopper (3) through the lock hopper (2), balances the pressure between the coal bunker (1) and the lock hopper (2) and between the lock hopper (2) and the feeding hopper (3) through the balancer (9), and strengthens the coal powder blanking through one or the combination of a gas impact cone (23) and a fluidized feeding device (24) to prevent the coal powder from bridging;
step two: conveying gas (13) enters the solid feeder (10) through a conveying gas controller (18), and coal discharged from the bottom of the feeding hopper (3) is brought into the solid mixer (4) through the solid feeder (10);
step three: the oil residue enters an oil residue pre-refining device (6) for stirring and preheating, and the formed fluid oil slurry enters an atomizer (8) through an oil slurry blower (7);
step four: atomizing gas (14) enters an atomizer (8) through an atomizing gas controller (19) to atomize the slurry oil entering the atomizer, and an outlet is connected with a solid mixer (4) and a feed inlet at the middle upper part of a coal-oil residue converter (5);
step five: the atomized slurry oil and coal are mixed in a solid mixer (4) and then enter a feed inlet at the middle lower part of a coal-oil residue converter (5) through a conveying nozzle (11); the oil slurry enters a feed inlet at the middle upper part of the coal-oil residue converter (5) through a conveying nozzle (11), the coal in the solid mixer (4) enters a feed inlet at the middle lower part of the coal-oil residue converter (5) through the conveying nozzle (11), and the coal and the oil slurry are mixed in the coal-oil residue converter (5);
step six: the reaction gas (12) enters the coal-oil residue converter (5) through the reaction gas controller (17) and the gas fluidizer (25), and the mixed coal, oil slurry and the reaction gas react in the coal-oil residue converter (5);
step seven: the product is recovered from the oil gas product outlet (22) and enters a tail gas treatment device, and the waste residue is discharged from a slag discharge outlet (21).
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the reaction gas sent by the gas inlet of the coal-oil residue converter (5) comprises carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, oxygen and nitrogen, wherein the hydrogen accounts for 10-50% of the total volume of the reaction gas, and the methane accounts for 10-30% of the total volume of the reaction gas.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the coal participating in the co-transformation is pulverized coal, the coal type is low-metamorphic coal, the fixed carbon content of an air drying base is not lower than 40%, the volatile content of the air drying base is not lower than 20%, the ash content is not higher than 30 wt%, the melting range of the coal ash is 1100-1500 ℃, and the particle size range of the pulverized coal is 40-350 meshes.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein: the water content of the oil residue participating in the co-transformation is 0-10%; the oil content is not less than 20%, wherein the naphthalene oil content is not less than 5%, the phenol oil content is not less than 10%, and the liquid alkane content is not less than 10%; the content of carbon in the solid is 10-80%.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein: the temperature of the slurry oil at the outlet of the oil residue pre-mixer is 200-400 ℃; the temperature of the coal and the oil slurry entering the coal-oil residue converter (5) is 300-500 ℃; the reaction temperature in the coal-oil residue converter (5) ranges from 450 ℃ to 800 ℃, the mass ratio of the oil slurry to the coal is 1: 0-1: 20, and the reaction pressure ranges from 0.001-8.0 MPaG.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein: atomizing gases include carbon dioxide, nitrogen and steam.
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| CN105295965A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-02-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Method and device for preparing semi-coke |
| CN105775748A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-20 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Rotary feeding pulverized coal quantitative feeding and conveying device and method |
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| CN105295965A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-02-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Method and device for preparing semi-coke |
| CN105775748A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-20 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Rotary feeding pulverized coal quantitative feeding and conveying device and method |
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