CN101774569B - Preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke - Google Patents
Preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke, which takes a plasma coal cracking solid product as a raw material and comprises the following steps of: (1) preprocessing: firstly, deashing the plasma coal cracking solid product and then carrying out devolatilization and carbonization to obtain coke powder with the ash content of no more than 9% and the volatile constituent of no more than 2%; (2) proportioning: taking powdery calcium hydroxide as an adhesive and mixing the coke powder and the powdery calcium hydroxide evenly to obtain a mixture; then, mixing the mixture and water to obtain a material; (3) forming: pressing and forming the material at room temperature to obtain a green-ball; and (4) solidifying the green-ball: stacking the green-ball into a solidification tank, introducing CO2 and solidifying; taking out of the tank and drying or airing to obtain the formed coke. The formed coke prepared by adopting the method can be used as a special carbon material for producing calcium carbide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of coal dust plasma cracking solid product prepares calcium carbide formed coke.
Background technology
In coal plasma pyrolysis system acetylene flow process, coal and plasma body react in cracking reactor, and splitting gas obtains gas phase, liquid phase, solid phase three parts after quenching, dedusting and heterogeneous the separation.Solid phase is referred to as solid product (being coal plasma pyrolysis solid product), and productive rate accounts for more than 50% of pan feeding coal dust.
Solid product particle footpath is little, and (median size is less than 50 μ m, 90% less than 125 μ m), specific surface area is big, contain inorganicss such as quartzite, rhombspar, calcite, the composition characteristics of certain batch of Xinjiang coal plasma pyrolysis solid product and elementary composition shown in table 1,2.
Table 1, coal plasma pyrolysis solid product feature
| M ad％ | A d％ | V daf％ | FC d％ | CRC | Q net，ar(MJ/kg) | ST(℃) | |
| Solid product | 4.77 | 18.22 | 26.25 | 60.55 | 3 | 21.97 | 1190 |
Annotate: M, A, V, FC, CRC, Q, ST represent content, characteristic of char residue, thermal value, the softening temperature of moisture, ash content, fugitive constituent, fixed carbon respectively in the table; Subscript ad, d, daf, net, ar represent air dried basis, dry base, dry ash-free basis, as received basis low temperature thermal value respectively.
Elementary composition (dry ash-free basis) of table 2, coal plasma pyrolysis solid product
| C％ | H％ | N％ | O％ | S％ | |
| Solid product | 90.73 | 3.78 | 1.97 | 2.82 | 0.70 |
Coal plasma pyrolysis solid product has sulfur-bearing and nitrogen is low, there are advantages such as a large amount of microvoid structures in the surface, aspect the preparation formed coke very big advantage is being arranged.
Coke is a class important resource, is widely used in metallurgy, casting and chemical industry, and one of them important purposes is produced calcium carbide exactly.Calcium carbide is the important source material of producing acetylene.Synthetic calcium carbide is at high temperature to act on carbon materials and lime:
CaO+3C→CaC
2+CO 465kJ/mol
Reaction is for thermo-negative reaction, carry out positive reaction under the high temperature favourable, so under 1800～2100 ℃, carry out usually.Under 1750 ℃, CaO-CaC
2Form minimum fused matter, lime and coke granule shape enter in the furnace of calcium carbide, react gradually in the dropping process to form melt liquid.
The synthetic general requirement of calcium carbide STRENGTH ON COKE is: fixed carbon＞84%, ash content＜15%, fugitive constituent＜1.5%, moisture＜3%.The type shape is the particle of 3～20mm.The coke that China's calcium carbide industry is adopted, fixed carbon is on the low side, and ash oontent is higher, mixes coke button fixed carbon 82～84% usually, ash content 14～16%; Broken burnt fixed carbon 78～82%, ash content 17～19%.
Coal is smelt coke, and the main raw material coal requires with coking coal (medium metamorphic grade bituminous coal).Coking coal is that ature of coal is required comparatively strict coal class.According to statistics in 1987, China's coking coal reserves accounted for 28% of national Coal Quality, but wherein the volatile matter bottle coal accounts for more than 50%, and most coking coal ash content is higher, and difficult washing has influence on the coke quality of production.Along with the shortage day by day of high-quality caking coal resource, the formed coke technology of non-coking coal more and more obtains paying attention to.How to utilize method that output is big, agglutinating value(of coal) is low coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is used for producing formed coke just highly significant.
Formed coke is a body material with coal dust (or coke powder) generally, allocates or do not allocate into binding agent extrusion forming coal into, is prepared into the goods with definite shape and certain intensity through the charing aftertreatment again, can substitute conventional coke.
The used cakingagent of formed coke technology substantially all is a coal-tar pitch at present, as the DKS method of Japan, the FMC method of the U.S. etc., and the technology more complicated, cakingagent is generally tar-bitumen, and consumption is many, has improved the formed coke cost.It is the method for feedstock production calcium carbide formed coke with carbide slag and coke foam that Chinese patent CN1105381A has invented a kind of, but its technological process only relates to the utilization of waste material in the calcium carbide production process, raw materials used is the coke foam, and itself has met index, only needs molding bonded to get final product.
And if prepare formed coke with coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, solve the problem that ash content, fugitive constituent all exceed standard; Also to improve indexs such as intensity after the moulding, reactivity.Therefore, present coal plasma pyrolysis solid product still of no use prepares the method for formed coke.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of formed coke, adopt the preparation of this method and formed coke can be used as the special-purpose carbon materials that calcium carbide is produced.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke, be raw material with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, may further comprise the steps:
1), pre-treatment:
With coal plasma pyrolysis solid product elder generation process de-ash, and then carry out the devolatilization carbonization, obtain the coke powder of ash content≤9% and volatile matter≤2%;
2), batching:
With powdery calcium hydroxide is cakingagent, and coke powder and powdery calcium hydroxide are mixed, and gets batch mixing; Described calcium hydroxide accounts for 13%～20% of batch mixing weight; Batch mixing is mixed with water again, get material, described water accounts for 15%～25% of weight of material;
3), moulding:
With material extrusion forming at room temperature, get green-ball;
4), green-ball solidifies:
Green-ball is piled up in the curing jar, fed CO
2Solidify; Green-ball is solidification treatment time 8～12h under the temperature of the pressure of 0.1～1MPa and 50～90 ℃; Go out jar oven dry or dry formed coke.
Improvement as preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention: the deliming in the step 1) is for may further comprise the steps:
A, in coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, add NaOH solution or the KOH solution of 4～6 quality, 8～10wt% doubly, after evenly mixing, be warming up to 180～210 ℃ of reaction 1～2h;
B, the reaction product of steps A gained is filtered, it is 7～7.5 that filter cake is washed with water to pH; Add the hydrochloric acid soln of 5～10wt% or salpeter solution then in the filter cake after above-mentioned washing as diluted acid, after evenly mixing, be warming up to 80～95 ℃ of reaction 1～1.5h; The mass ratio of described diluted acid and coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is 4～6: 1;
C, the reaction product of step B gained is washed to pH is 6.5～7, filters the oven dry of gained filter cake; The coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the deliming.
Further improvement as preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention: the devolatilization carbonization in the step 1) is for may further comprise the steps:
A, that the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the deliming is put into carbonization is indoor, earlier at 110 ℃ of dehydration 30min, again at 500～550 ℃ of low-temperature pyrolysis 30～45min;
B, with the solid product of steps A gained in 800～900 ℃ of high temperature cabonization 4～5h;
C, with the screening of the product of step B gained, carry out pulverization process greater than 125 μ m persons.
Further improvement as preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention: in the step 3), forming pressure is 0.6～3t (ton), and institute's green-ball is the cylindric green-ball of 0.8～1.2cm * Φ 1.8cm.
Further improvement as preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention: in the step 4), the CO that green-ball per ton is required
2Flow be 40～150m
3/ h.
Further improvement as preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention: step 2), the particle diameter of calcium hydroxide is 50 μ m.
Preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention, with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is main raw material (coal plasma pyrolysis solid product that different working conditions obtain down all can be used as raw material of the present invention), it has weak cohesiveness, particle ultra-fine (median size is less than 50 μ m), specific surface area big (surface micropore is many), sulphur and the low characteristics of nitrogen content, and its composition as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.120 mesh sieves are crossed in product cooling back after the devolatilization charing processing of step 1), and a small amount of screen overflow is crushed to less than 125 μ m, mixes with screen underflow, gets coke powder.Because coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is weak cohesiveness, though therefore very small particles generation coalescence, but the gained coke powder still be a millimeter grade particles, intensity is not high, therefore very easily fragmentation.Resulting coke powder composition characteristics is as shown in table 3.
The pretreated coke powder composition characteristics of table 3 coal plasma pyrolysis solid product
| M ad％ | A d％ | V daf％ | FC d％ | |
| Coke powder | 0.62 | 7.07 | 2.12 | 90.96 |
Because coal plasma pyrolysis solid product itself is ultra-fine grain, median size is less than 50 μ m, and specific surface area is big, and therefore the formed coke intensity of preparation is higher than general coal dust.The present invention uses powdery calcium hydroxide as cakingagent, and advantage is: because CaO is another raw material of calcium carbide synthetic, therefore can not introduce additional impurities with calcium hydroxide as cakingagent, and can provide required intensity in (carbonating) process of curing; And the formed coke of doping lime of the present invention compares with general coke that it is more higher than resistance, more helps the production of calcium carbide.
The preparation method of formed coke of the present invention adopts first de-ash, devolatilization, aftershaping, and the route of recarbonation (curing), technology is succinct, easy handling.And present existing formed coke technology all needs twice charing in front and back, and energy consumption is very big, and the present invention only needs charing once, therefore also has the advantage that reduces production costs.The formed coke that adopts the inventive method preparation and get, main quality is as shown in table 4.
The main quality index of table 4 calcium carbide formed coke
| Index | This law prepares calcium carbide formed coke | General coke |
| Shape | Cylinder 0.8～1.2cm * Φ 1.8cm | Irregular 0.3～2cm |
| FC d％ | 76～82 | 82～84 |
| A d％ | 17～22 | 14～16 |
| V daf％ | 1.5～2.5 | 2％ |
| M ad％ | ＜2％ | ＜3％ |
| Cold ultimate compression strength (kg/) | 120～220kg | - |
| Total porosity (%) | 42～51 | 40～50 |
From table 4 we as can be seen, the inventive method preparation and formed coke, ash content is higher slightly, but owing to wherein be mainly the calcium that binding agent is introduced, does not include impurity concerning calcium carbide production, so the true ash content of formed coke should be suitable with the raw material coke powder.After the calcium that adds in the deduction ash content, fixed carbon content should be about 90%.
In sum, preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke of the present invention has following advantage:
1. raw materials used is coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, and output is big, value is low, and agglutinating value(of coal) own is poor, makes formed coke and has improved its utility value greatly; Avoid using resource at the high-quality caking coal that reduces year by year, therefore greatly reduce production cost.
2. coal plasma pyrolysis solid product itself is ultra-fine grain, and median size is less than 50 μ m, and there are a large amount of microvoid structures on the surface, and therefore formed coke intensity, the reactivity of preparation all are higher than general coal dust;
3. used cakingagent is a lime, advantage is that CaO is another raw material of calcium carbide synthetic, and it can not introduce additional impurities as cakingagent, and can provide required intensity after the carbonating, the formed coke of doping lime compares with general coke that it is more higher than resistance, more helps calcium carbide production;
4. adopt first deliming, devolatilization, aftershaping, the route of recarbonation is simplified technology.And avoided the use of tar-bitumens in a large number in the conventional formed coke technology, energy efficient reduces cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke are raw material with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, carry out following steps successively:
1), pre-treatment:
Coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is refining through de-ash earlier, and then carry out the devolatilization charing; Specific as follows:
1., de-ash:
A, to add 5 quality concentration doubly in coal plasma pyrolysis solid product be the caustic soda soln (NaOH solution) of 10wt%, and mechanical stirring makes its uniform mixing, is warming up to 200～210 ℃ of reaction 2h then; Finish reaction.
B, the reaction product of steps A gained is filtered, it is 7～7.5 that filter cake is washed with water to pH; Adding concentration in the filter cake after above-mentioned washing then is the hydrochloric acid soln of 10wt%, and the quality of hydrochloric acid soln is 5 times of coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, after machinery evenly mixes, is warming up to 90～95 ℃ of reaction 1h.
C, the reaction product of step B gained is washed to pH is 6.5～7, filters, and the gained filter cake is in 50 ℃ of oven dry; The coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the deliming.
2., devolatilization charing:
A, that the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the above-mentioned deliming (dried deliming sample) is put into carbonization is indoor, earlier at 110 ℃ of dehydration 30min, again at 500 ℃ of low-temperature pyrolysis 45min; Get solid product and tar, tar is recyclable.
B, with the solid product of steps A gained in 800 ℃ of high temperature cabonization 5h;
C, discharge of the coke after the product of step B gained lowered the temperature slightly, 120 mesh sieves are crossed in the cooling back, and a small amount of screen overflow is crushed to less than mixing with screen underflow behind the 125 μ m; Get coke powder.
This coke powder ash content very low (ash content≤9%), volatile matter≤2% with this raw material as moulding, meets the index of coke.
And in following step with lime (calcium hydroxide) as binding agent, can not introduce volatile matter, the ash content of introducing (calcium) neither impurity concerning calcium carbide is produced, so the composition characteristics of coke powder just is equivalent to the composition characteristics of the formed coke produced.
2), batching:
With powdery (particle diameter is 50 μ m) calcium hydroxide is cakingagent, and coke powder and powdery calcium hydroxide are mixed, and gets batch mixing, and calcium hydroxide accounts for 15% of batch mixing gross weight, and promptly gray scale 15%; Batch mixing is mixed with water again, get material, water accounts for 21% of material gross weight, and promptly moulding moisture is 21wt%;
3), moulding:
With material extrusion forming at room temperature, forming pressure is 1.8t, gets the cylindric green-ball of 1.2cm * Φ 1.8cm, the about 3.8g of quality.
Cylindric green-ball water-content after this moulding is higher, and has certain intensity.
4), green-ball solidifies (carbonating):
Green-ball is piled up in the carbonation tank (solidifying jar), 80 ℃ of jar temperature; Feed the CO of preheating from the bottom
2, the required flow of green-ball per ton is 45m
3/ h, the top sets out a mouthful discharge CO
2Moisture, pressure tank are 0.1MPa, treatment time 8.5h.Formed coke after the carbonating is taken out drying or is dried and gets final product.
The formed coke ultimate compression strength 187kg of gained, total porosity 47%.
Embodiment 2, a kind of preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke are raw material with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, carry out following steps successively:
1), pre-treatment:
Alkali changes potassium hydroxide in the step 1) of embodiment 1, and acid changes nitric acid into, and all the other steps are identical.
2), batching:
With powdery calcium hydroxide is cakingagent, and coke powder and powdery calcium hydroxide are mixed, and gets batch mixing, and calcium hydroxide accounts for 20% of batch mixing gross weight, and promptly gray scale 20%; Again batch mixing is mixed with water, get material, 23% of water and material gross weight, promptly moulding moisture is 23wt%.
3), moulding:
With material extrusion forming at room temperature, forming pressure is 3t, gets the cylindric green-ball of 1.1cm * Φ 1.8cm, the about 3.7g of quality.
4), green-ball solidifies (carbonating):
Green-ball is piled up in the carbonation tank (solidifying jar), 65 ℃ of jar temperature; Feed the CO of preheating from the bottom
2, the required flow of green-ball per ton is 100m
3/ h, the top sets out a mouthful discharge CO
2Moisture, pressure tank are 0.1MPa, treatment time 8h.Formed coke after the carbonating is taken out drying or is dried and gets final product.
This formed coke ultimate compression strength 223kg, total porosity 43%.
Embodiment 3, a kind of preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke are raw material with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, carry out following steps successively:
1), pre-treatment:
Step 1) with embodiment 1.
2), batching:
With powdery calcium hydroxide is cakingagent, and coke powder and powdery calcium hydroxide are mixed, and gets batch mixing, and calcium hydroxide accounts for 18% of batch mixing gross weight, and promptly gray scale 18%; Again batch mixing is mixed with water, get material, 20% of water and material gross weight, promptly moulding moisture is 20wt%.
3), moulding:
With material extrusion forming at room temperature, forming pressure is 0.6t, gets the cylindric green-ball of 1.1cm * Φ 1.8cm, the about 3.7g of quality.
4), green-ball solidifies (carbonating):
Green-ball is piled up in the carbonation tank (solidifying jar), 90 ℃ of jar temperature; Feed the CO of preheating from the bottom
2, the required flow of green-ball per ton is 40m
3/ h, the top sets out a mouthful discharge CO
2Moisture, pressure tank are 0.5MPa, treatment time 6h.Formed coke after the carbonating is taken out drying or is dried and gets final product.
This formed coke ultimate compression strength 122kg, total porosity 50.3%.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke, it is characterized in that: with the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is raw material, may further comprise the steps:
1), pre-treatment:
With coal plasma pyrolysis solid product elder generation process de-ash, and then carry out the devolatilization carbonization, obtain the coke powder of ash content≤9% and volatile matter≤2%;
2), batching:
With powdery calcium hydroxide is cakingagent, and coke powder and powdery calcium hydroxide are mixed, and gets batch mixing; Described calcium hydroxide accounts for 13%～20% of batch mixing weight; Batch mixing is mixed with water again, get material, described water accounts for 15%～25% of weight of material;
3), moulding:
With material extrusion forming at room temperature, get green-ball;
4), green-ball solidifies:
Green-ball is piled up in the curing jar, fed CO
2Solidify; Green-ball is solidification treatment time 8～12h under the temperature of the pressure of 0.1～1MPa and 50～90 ℃; Go out jar oven dry or dry formed coke.
2. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the de-ash in the described step 1) may further comprise the steps:
A, in coal plasma pyrolysis solid product, add NaOH solution or the KOH solution of 4～6 quality, 8～10wt% doubly, after evenly mixing, be warming up to 180～210 ℃ of reaction 1～2h;
B, the reaction product of steps A gained is filtered, it is 7～7.5 that filter cake is washed with water to pH; Add the hydrochloric acid soln of 5～10wt% or salpeter solution then in the filter cake after above-mentioned washing as diluted acid, after evenly mixing, be warming up to 80～95 ℃ of reaction 1～1.5h; The mass ratio of described diluted acid and coal plasma pyrolysis solid product is 4～6: 1;
C, the reaction product of step B gained is washed to pH is 6.5～7, filters the oven dry of gained filter cake; The coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the deliming.
3. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the devolatilization carbonization in the described step 1) may further comprise the steps:
A, that the coal plasma pyrolysis solid product behind the deliming is put into carbonization is indoor, earlier at 110 ℃ of dehydration 30min, again at 500～550 ℃ of low-temperature pyrolysis 30～45min;
B, with the solid product of steps A gained in 800～900 ℃ of high temperature cabonization 4～5h;
C, with the screening of the product of step B gained, carry out pulverization process greater than 125 μ m persons.
4. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in the described step 3), forming pressure is 0.6～3t, and described green-ball is the cylindric green-ball of 0.8～1.2cm * Φ 1.8cm.
5. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described step 4), and the CO that green-ball per ton is required
2Flow be 40～150m
3/ h.
6. preparation method of calcium carbide formed coke according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described step 2), the particle diameter of calcium hydroxide is 50 μ m.
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| CN102408104B (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-13 | 杭州福康炊具有限公司 | Carbon material shaping method |
| CN102796587B (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-06-18 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Bonding agent suitable for preparing fuel derived from oversize material of garbage and application thereof |
| CN104528723A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-22 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide |
| CN108675911B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Calcium carbide acetylene production process capable of reducing generation of calcium carbide slag |
| CN110671703A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-10 | 贵州富燃环保科技有限公司 | Method and structure for preparing clean carbon-coupled garbage clean incineration by coal dry distillation |
| CN110540850B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2022-08-12 | 贵州富燃环保科技有限公司 | Lignite upgrading method and structure thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20180815 Address after: 834032 18 Industrial Avenue, 55 Industrial Park, Karamay, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Patentee after: Xinjiang Guangdong Hetai Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 310027 Room 502, C building, science and Technology Park, Zhejiang University, 525 Xixi Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Patentee before: Zhejiang University science and Technology Venture Capital Co., Ltd. |