CN110358322A - 一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110358322A CN110358322A CN201910694400.XA CN201910694400A CN110358322A CN 110358322 A CN110358322 A CN 110358322A CN 201910694400 A CN201910694400 A CN 201910694400A CN 110358322 A CN110358322 A CN 110358322A
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- Prior art keywords
- composite board
- base composite
- flyash
- plastics base
- waste
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,公开了一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材及其制备方法,塑料基复合板材包括两层玻纤网、位于两层玻纤网之间的填充层以及分别位于两层玻纤网远离填充层一侧的固化层,填充层和固化层的原料以质量分数计包括10‑60%粉煤灰,30‑70%废旧回收塑料粉,2‑10%废旧轮胎橡胶粉,5‑10%玻璃纤维,余量为助剂,助剂包括发泡温度不同的初级发泡剂和二级发泡剂、偶联剂、粘结剂、润滑剂、丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈。填充层和固化层由双螺杆挤出机制得,并通过三辊碾压机复合定型。本发明采用废旧材料制作塑料基复合板材,实现了废物利用,降低了生产成本的同时提高了板材的使用性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,尤其是涉及一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
塑料基复合板材,是近年来新兴的一种环保型建筑装饰材料,是以聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯等塑料原材料作为粘结剂,与木屑、锯末、秸秆等植物纤维、加工助剂经高温高压熔融挤出混合而成的新型材料,与其他材料相比,其具有良好的强度性能、耐水性能、可塑性强、可刨、可锯,广泛用于家具和建筑用品及室外、室内板材等方面。
现有技术中制备塑料基复合板材时一般使用木屑作为填充材料,例如,在中国专利文献上公开的“一种以废旧塑料为主要原料制成的板材及制备方法”,其公告号CN100503734,所用原料按重量比为:废旧塑料20-50份,粉煤灰0.8-2份,轻质碳酸钙0.8-2份,木屑4-11份,塑料助剂0.4-1份。
但使用木材作为填充材料,生产出的板材阻燃性、防水性都较差,限制了板材的使用,且木材属于宝贵的自然资源,二次利用率低,不利于环境保护。
发明内容
本发明是为了克服现有技术中使用木材作为生产塑料基复合板材时的填充材料,生产出的板材阻燃性、防水性、耐高温性都较差,限制了板材的使用,且木材属于宝贵的自然资源,二次利用率低,不利于环境保护的问题,提供一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材及其制备方法,使用回收的废旧塑料和粉煤灰作为主要材料,利用粉煤灰填充和改性塑料,制作出一种新型塑料基复合板材,改善了板材的阻燃性和防水性,且原材料都使用回收材料,经济环保。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,包括两层玻纤网、位于两层玻纤网之间的填充层以及分别位于两层玻纤网远离填充层一侧的固化层,所述填充层和固化层的原料以质量分数计包括10-60%粉煤灰,30-70%废旧回收塑料粉,2-10%废旧轮胎橡胶粉,5-10%玻璃纤维,余量为助剂,所述助剂包括发泡温度不同的初级发泡剂和二级发泡剂、偶联剂、粘结剂、润滑剂、丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈。
本发明采用废旧回收塑料为原料制作塑料基复合板材,并用粉煤灰代替木屑作为塑料基复合板材的填充材料,粉煤灰是煤炭在1000℃以上经高温燃烧后残留下来的富含二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、氧化钙等物质的固体废弃物,用粉煤灰及废旧塑料和废旧轮胎加工制成塑料基复合板材,不仅及时解决了这些废弃物对环境的污染问题,并且可以使制作出的板材具有良好的耐高低温性、防水性、阻燃性和导热性等特性;同时,在板材中加入回收的废旧轮胎橡胶粉,可以增加板材的韧性和握钉率,实现了废物利用,降低了生产成本的同时提高了板材的使用性能。
由于塑料为有机高聚合物,而粉煤灰为无机材料,二者之间不相融,因此不能直接将粉煤灰添加在塑料里,本发明为了使粉煤灰能有效分散在塑料中,使板材获得优良的性能,使用偶联剂来增强粉煤灰与塑料基体的亲和性。偶联剂是一种具有有两性结构的有机物,具有一个以上与无机粉体表面作用的基团和一个以上与有机聚合物亲合的基团,其分子中的一部分基团可以与粉煤灰表面发生官能团反应,另一基团可与塑料基体发生化学反应或物理缠绕,从而将两种性质差异很大的材料牢固结合,使粉煤灰和塑料基体之间建立起具有特殊功能的“分子桥”,从而使粉煤灰有效均匀地分散在塑料中,成功得到综合性能良好的粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材。同时,本发明还在原料中加入丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈,制备时,在引发剂偶氮二异丁腈的作用下可以引发丙烯酸酯的聚合接枝反应,使聚丙烯酸酯接枝在粉煤灰表面,与偶联剂一起对粉煤灰表面进行改性,使粉煤灰能更好的分散在塑料中,提高了板材的综合性能。
同时,本发明中还添加了发泡温度不同的初级发泡剂和二级发泡剂,使制作出的板材为发泡板材,减轻了板材的重量,并使板材具有良好的隔音、减震和保温性能。本发明经研究发现,使用发泡温度的两级发泡剂在不同温度下进行两次发泡,与传统的只使用一种发泡剂相比,能有效降低板材的密度,并显著提高板材的尺寸稳定性。
在原料中添加玻璃纤维,并在板材中设置两层玻纤网,可以显著提高板材的抗冲击性和尺寸稳定性;在助剂中添加粘结剂和润滑剂可以提高各组分间的粘结性和原料的脱模性能,使制作出的板材具有良好的综合性能。
作为优选,助剂中各成分在原料中的质量分数为:初级发泡剂2-8‰,二级发泡剂2-15‰,偶联剂1-9‰,粘结剂2-17‰,润滑剂7-15‰,丙烯酸酯2-18‰,偶氮二异丁腈3-13‰。采用合适的助剂添加量,可以有效对粉煤灰进行改性,并使制作出的板材具有良好的综合性能。
作为优选,初级发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠,二级发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺,偶联剂为KH792,粘结剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯,润滑剂为十八烷酸。十二烷基硫酸钠在100℃以下可以发泡,而偶氮二甲酰胺在160℃左右发泡,因此可以有效实现二次发泡,降低板材密度,提高板材尺寸稳定性。
作为优选,助剂中还包括补强自修复微胶囊、聚硫醇和DMP-30,所述补强自修复微胶囊的制备方法为:
A)将质量比为(2-4):(8-10):1的尿素、甲醛和三聚氰胺溶解在水中,完全溶解后用用三乙醇胺调节溶液pH至8-9,60-80℃下反应1-3h得到预聚体;
B)向预聚体中加入质量分数为1-5%的纳米SiO2,分散均匀后得到改性预聚体;
C)将芯材加入质量分数为1-5%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后得到芯材乳液,所述芯材乳液中芯材的质量分数为20-25%,所述芯材为质量比为(4-5):1的环氧树脂E-44和正丁基缩水甘油醚;
D)将质量比为1:(1-2)的改性预聚体与芯材乳液混合,搅拌反应20-30min后,用柠檬酸调节溶液pH为2-3,反应1-2h后,用NaOH溶液调节溶液pH为5-6,50-70℃下反应1-3h,冷却、过滤、干燥后得到补强自修复微胶囊。
使用纳米SiO2作为纳米填料对塑料基复合板材进行填充改性,可以大大提高板材的耐磨性、力学强度和韧性,是现有技术中常用的提高板材性能的手段。但由于纳米SiO2粒径小,比表面积大,表面能大,因此填充纳米SiO2很容易发生团聚,从而影响板材性能的提高。为克服纳米填料因团聚而分散不均匀的问题,本发明将纳米SiO2与自修复微胶囊复合,制得了补强自修复微胶囊,既避免了纳米SiO2发生团聚,有效提高了板材耐磨性能和力学性能,同时还使板材具有自修复功能,提高了板材的使用寿命。
本发明制得了以正丁基缩水甘油醚和环氧树脂E-44为修复剂,以三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂为壁材,并在壁材表面包覆纳米SiO2的补强自修复微胶囊。将该补强自修复微胶囊作为助剂加入板材中,当板材在使用时产生裂纹时,裂纹顶端应力集中会引发补强自修复微胶囊破裂,修复剂通过毛细管虹吸现象释放至裂纹处填充裂纹,并在固化剂聚硫醇和DMP-30的作用下固化,从而粘结裂纹,达到恢复板材性能的目的。
使用环氧树脂E-44作为修复剂,其分子结构单元中因含有环氧基和羟基赋予树脂具有反应性,固化物具有很强的内聚力和粘结力,并且可以在固化剂聚硫醇和DMP-30的作用下在室温下快速固化,修复裂纹,延长板材的使用寿命。在壁材表面包覆纳米SiO2,既可以避免纳米SiO2团聚,有效提高板材耐磨性能和力学性能,又能提高壁材的韧性和致密性,降低微胶囊的破损率,提高板材的自修复性能。
作为优选,补强自修复微胶囊占填充层和固化层的原料总质量的1.5-3.5%,聚硫醇和DMP-30共占原料总质量的1.5-3.5%,聚硫醇和DMP-30的质量比为(9-10):1。采用该比例,可以保证板材产生裂纹时,微胶囊中的修复剂可以充分释放并在固化剂的作用下迅速固化,从而迅速修复裂纹,恢复板材的性能。
作为优选,填充层的厚度为3-15mm,固化层的厚度为1-3mm。在此厚度范围内可以保证塑料基复合板材具有良好的力学性能。
作为优选,玻纤网的规格为70-300g/m2。使用此规格的玻纤网可以有效提高板材的抗冲击性能和尺寸稳定性。
本发明还提供了一种上述粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将废旧回收塑料和废旧轮胎洗净并粉碎,得到废旧回收塑料粉和废旧轮胎橡胶粉;
(2)将粉煤灰、废旧回收塑料粉、废旧轮胎橡胶粉、玻璃纤维及助剂放入高速混合机搅拌均匀;
(3)将搅拌均匀的原料放入双螺杆挤出机,挤出后分别得到填充层和固化层;
(4)在填充层上下两侧敷上玻纤网,与上下两层固化层一起通过三辊碾压机定型后得到所述粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材。
采用双螺杆挤出机制作填充层和固化层,再通过三辊碾压机将填充层、玻纤网和固化层复合定型,制备方法简单,操作便捷,便于生产。
作为优选,步骤(1)中废旧回收塑料粉和废旧轮胎橡胶粉的粒径≤0.1mm。保证制备出的板材具有良好的力学性能和韧性。
作为优选,步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为140-260℃。在此温度下各组分能充分熔融、反应并挤出成型,制得的板材具有良好的性能。
因此,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)采用废旧回收塑料和废旧轮胎为原料制作塑料基复合板材,并用粉煤灰代替木屑作为塑料基复合板材的填充材料,不仅及时解决了这些废弃物对环境的污染问题,并且可以使制作出的板材具有良好的耐高低温性、防水性、阻燃性和导热性,实现了废物利用,降低了生产成本的同时提高了板材的使用性能;
(2)添加了发泡温度不同的初级发泡剂和二级发泡剂,使制作出的板材为发泡板材,减轻了板材的重量,并使板材具有良好的隔音、减震和保温性能。使用发泡温度的两级发泡剂在不同温度下进行两次发泡,与传统的只使用一种发泡剂相比,有效降低了板材的密度,并显著提高了板材的尺寸稳定性;
(3)将纳米SiO2与自修复微胶囊复合,制得了补强自修复微胶囊,既避免了纳米SiO2发生团聚,有效提高了板材耐磨性能和力学性能,同时还使板材具有自修复功能,提高了板材的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明中的塑料基复合板材的一种分解结构示意图。
图中:1玻纤网、2填充层、3固化层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述。
本发明各实施例和对比例中按照如下方法制备粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材:
(1)将废旧回收塑料和废旧轮胎洗净并粉碎,得到废旧回收塑料粉和废旧轮胎橡胶粉;
(2)将粉煤灰、废旧回收塑料粉、废旧轮胎橡胶粉、玻璃纤维及助剂放入高速混合机搅拌均匀;
(3)将搅拌均匀的原料放入双螺杆挤出机,挤出后分别得到填充层和固化层;
(4)在填充层上下两侧敷上玻纤网,与上下两层固化层一起通过三辊碾压机定型后得到所述粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材。
制得的粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材如图1所示,包括两层玻纤网1、位于两层玻纤网之间的填充层2以及分别位于两层玻纤网远离填充层一侧的固化层3。
各原料的比例及制备条件如下。
实施例1:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰40%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧回收塑料粉40%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉4%,玻璃纤维10%,助剂6%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠5‰,偶氮二甲酰胺10‰,KH792 5‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯10‰,十八烷酸10‰,丙烯酸酯10‰,偶氮二异丁腈10‰。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为160℃,填充层厚度15mm,固化层厚度2.5mm,玻纤网规格100g/m2。
实施例2:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰60%,粒径为20μm的废旧回收塑料粉30%,粒径为20μm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉2%,玻璃纤维5%,助剂3%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠2‰,偶氮二甲酰胺13‰,KH792 1‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯2‰,十八烷酸7‰,丙烯酸酯2‰,偶氮二异丁腈3‰。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为140℃,填充层厚度3mm,固化层厚度3mm,玻纤网规格300g/m2。
实施例3:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰50%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧回收塑料粉30%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉2%,玻璃纤维9.8%,助剂8.2%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠8‰,偶氮二甲酰胺2‰,KH792 9‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯17‰,十八烷酸15‰,丙烯酸酯18‰,偶氮二异丁腈13‰。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为260℃,填充层厚度10mm,固化层厚度1mm,玻纤网规格70g/m2。
实施例4:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰40%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧回收塑料粉40%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉4%,玻璃纤维5%,助剂11%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠5‰,偶氮二甲酰胺10‰,KH792 5‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯10‰,十八烷酸10‰,丙烯酸酯10‰,偶氮二异丁腈10‰,补强自修复微胶囊2.5%,聚硫醇2.25%,DMP-30 0.25%。
补强自修复微胶囊的制备方法:将质量比为3:9:1的尿素、甲醛和三聚氰胺溶解在水中,完全溶解后用用三乙醇胺调节溶液pH至8.5,70℃下反应2h得到预聚体;向预聚体中加入质量分数为3%的纳米SiO2,分散均匀后得到改性预聚体;将芯材加入质量分数为2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后得到芯材乳液,芯材乳液中芯材的质量分数为22%,芯材为质量比为4.3:1的环氧树脂E-44和正丁基缩水甘油醚;将质量比为1:1.5的改性预聚体与芯材乳液混合,搅拌反应25min后,用柠檬酸调节溶液pH为2.5,反应1.5h后,用NaOH溶液调节溶液pH为5.5,60℃下反应2h,冷却、过滤、干燥后得到补强自修复微胶囊。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为160℃,填充层厚度15mm,固化层厚度2.5mm,玻纤网规格100g/m2。
实施例5:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰20%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧回收塑料粉53%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉10%,玻璃纤维8%,助剂9%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠5‰,偶氮二甲酰胺10‰,KH792 5‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯10‰,十八烷酸10‰,丙烯酸酯10‰,偶氮二异丁腈10‰,补强自修复微胶囊1.5%,聚硫醇1.36%,DMP-30 0.14%。
补强自修复微胶囊的制备方法:将质量比为2:8:1的尿素、甲醛和三聚氰胺溶解在水中,完全溶解后用用三乙醇胺调节溶液pH至8,60℃下反应1h得到预聚体;向预聚体中加入质量分数为1%的纳米SiO2,分散均匀后得到改性预聚体;将芯材加入质量分数为1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后得到芯材乳液,芯材乳液中芯材的质量分数为20%,芯材为质量比为4:1的环氧树脂E-44和正丁基缩水甘油醚;将质量比为1:1的改性预聚体与芯材乳液混合,搅拌反应20min后,用柠檬酸调节溶液pH为2,反应1h后,用NaOH溶液调节溶液pH为5,50℃下反应1h,冷却、过滤、干燥后得到补强自修复微胶囊。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为160℃,填充层厚度15mm,固化层厚度2.5mm,玻纤网规格100g/m2。
实施例6:
原料中各组分的质量分数为:粉煤灰10%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧回收塑料粉70%,粒径为0.1mm的废旧轮胎橡胶粉2%,玻璃纤维5%,助剂13%,助剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠5‰,偶氮二甲酰胺10‰,KH792 5‰,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯10‰,十八烷酸10‰,丙烯酸酯10‰,偶氮二异丁腈10‰,补强自修复微胶囊3.5%,聚硫醇3.17%,DMP-30 0.33%。
补强自修复微胶囊的制备方法:将质量比为2:8:1的尿素、甲醛和三聚氰胺溶解在水中,完全溶解后用用三乙醇胺调节溶液pH至8,60℃下反应1h得到预聚体;向预聚体中加入质量分数为1%的纳米SiO2,分散均匀后得到改性预聚体;将芯材加入质量分数为1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后得到芯材乳液,芯材乳液中芯材的质量分数为20%,芯材为质量比为4:1的环氧树脂E-44和正丁基缩水甘油醚;将质量比为1:1的改性预聚体与芯材乳液混合,搅拌反应20min后,用柠檬酸调节溶液pH为2,反应1h后,用NaOH溶液调节溶液pH为5,50℃下反应1h,冷却、过滤、干燥后得到补强自修复微胶囊。
步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为160℃,填充层厚度15mm,固化层厚度2.5mm,玻纤网规格100g/m2。
对比例1:
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于,助剂中不加入偶联剂KH792,其他均与实施例1中相同。
对比例2:
对比例2与实施例1的区别在于,助剂中不加入丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈,其他均与实施例1中相同。
对比例3:
对比例3与实施例3的区别在于,制备补强自修复微胶囊时,不加入纳米SiO2,直接将预聚体和芯材乳液混合,其他均与实施例3中相同。
将上述实施例和对比例中制得的塑料基复合板材切割成面积为50cm*50cm的试样,测试其性能,结果如表1所示。
表1:塑料基复合板材测试结果。
从表1中可以看出,实施例1-6中按照本发明中的方法制得的塑料基复合板材抗压及抗冲击性能良好。对比例1和对比例2中不添加偶联剂或丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈时,制得的塑料基复合板材的抗压和抗冲击性能下降,证明用偶联剂及丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈对粉煤灰进行改性,能有效提高板材的性能。
实施例4-6中添加了补强自修复微胶囊后,塑料基复合板材具有了良好的自修复性能,且抗压和抗冲击强度都有所提高;而对比例3的自修复微胶囊中不加入纳米SiO2,塑料基复合板材的抗压性能、抗冲击性能及自修复性能都有所降低。证明不加入纳米SiO2改性时,自修复微胶囊的加入会影响板材的力学性能,并且微胶囊易破损,影响修复效率。
Claims (10)
1.一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,包括两层玻纤网、位于两层玻纤网之间的填充层以及分别位于两层玻纤网远离填充层一侧的固化层,所述填充层和固化层的原料以质量分数计包括10-60%粉煤灰,30-70%废旧回收塑料粉,2-10%废旧轮胎橡胶粉,5-10%玻璃纤维,余量为助剂,所述助剂包括发泡温度不同的初级发泡剂和二级发泡剂、偶联剂、粘结剂、润滑剂、丙烯酸酯和偶氮二异丁腈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述助剂中各成分在原料中的质量分数为:初级发泡剂2-8‰,二级发泡剂2-15‰,偶联剂1-9‰,粘结剂2-17‰,润滑剂7-15‰,丙烯酸酯2-18‰,偶氮二异丁腈3-13‰。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述初级发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠,所述二级发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺,所述偶联剂为KH792,所述粘结剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯,所述润滑剂为十八烷酸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述助剂中还包括补强自修复微胶囊、聚硫醇和DMP-30,所述补强自修复微胶囊的制备方法为:
A)将质量比为(2-4):(8-10):1的尿素、甲醛和三聚氰胺溶解在水中,完全溶解后用用三乙醇胺调节溶液pH至8-9,60-80℃下反应1-3h得到预聚体;
B)向预聚体中加入质量分数为1-5%的纳米SiO2,分散均匀后得到改性预聚体;
C)将芯材加入质量分数为1-5%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后得到芯材乳液,所述芯材乳液中芯材的质量分数为20-25%,所述芯材为质量比为(4-5):1的环氧树脂E-44和正丁基缩水甘油醚;
D)将质量比为1:(1-2)的改性预聚体与芯材乳液混合,搅拌反应20-30min后,用柠檬酸调节溶液pH为2-3,反应1-2h后,用NaOH溶液调节溶液pH为5-6,50-70℃下反应1-3h,冷却、过滤、干燥后得到补强自修复微胶囊。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述补强自修复微胶囊占填充层和固化层的原料总质量的1.5-3.5%,聚硫醇和DMP-30共占原料总质量的1.5-3.5%,聚硫醇和DMP-30的质量比为(9-10):1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述填充层的厚度为3-15mm,所述固化层的厚度为1-3mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材,其特征是,所述玻纤网的规格为70-300g/m2。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材的制备方法,其特征是,包括如下步骤:
(1)将废旧回收塑料和废旧轮胎洗净并粉碎,得到废旧回收塑料粉和废旧轮胎橡胶粉;
(2)将粉煤灰、废旧回收塑料粉、废旧轮胎橡胶粉、玻璃纤维及助剂放入高速混合机搅拌均匀;
(3)将搅拌均匀的原料放入双螺杆挤出机,挤出后分别得到填充层和固化层;
(4)在填充层上下两侧敷上玻纤网,与上下两层固化层一起通过三辊碾压机定型后得到所述粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材的制备方法,其特征是,步骤(1)中废旧回收塑料粉和废旧轮胎橡胶粉的粒径≤0.1mm。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种粉煤灰填充的塑料基复合板材的制备方法,其特征是,步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的熔融挤出温度为140-260℃。
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Application publication date: 20191022 |