CN110355225A - A kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile - Google Patents
A kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110355225A CN110355225A CN201910564425.8A CN201910564425A CN110355225A CN 110355225 A CN110355225 A CN 110355225A CN 201910564425 A CN201910564425 A CN 201910564425A CN 110355225 A CN110355225 A CN 110355225A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/02—Cooling or heating of containers for metal to be extruded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy forming fields, it is related to a kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile, aluminium alloy cast ingot uses staged heating method, aluminium alloy cast ingot head, the heating temperature of middle part and tail portion is followed successively by 480~510 DEG C, 470~500 DEG C and 460~490 DEG C, extrusion speed is 4.5~5.5m/min, aluminium alloy extrusions after tension straingtening carries out bending after parking 6~8h, bending angle is 100~120 °, aluminium alloy extrusions after bending carries out artificial aging heat treatment, aging temp is 175 ± 5 DEG C, soaking time is 8h, the extrusion process cooperates the process system of low-temperature and high-speed by adjusting alloying component content simultaneously, pass through first the bending processing of timeliness and schedule of reinforcement again, so that 6082 aluminium alloy extrusions of high intensity finally prepared Reach standard requirements in surface quality and mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy forming fields, are related to a kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile.
Background technique
As modern industry is gradually drawn close to light industry, new-energy automobile development at full speed, new-energy automobile is established
In many-sided consideration such as lightweight, energy-saving and safety, the spatial organization's frame mainly constituted with aluminium extruded section will be squeezed
After molded aluminium alloy extrusions product welded, the manufacturing process such as bending, there is high epistasis, safety with maximum realize
The automobile product of property.
It is 6005A, the aluminium alloys such as 6061 of moderate strength that traditional automobile-used bending part, which is established 6, but with scientific and technological water
The progress of flat developing industry modernization, the aluminium alloy bent section of higher intensity has a large amount of market demand, high-intensitive
The bending difficulty of 6082 aluminium alloys is that surface bending part is also easy to produce gauffer and deeper formation of crack, if reducing quenching
Intensity is possible to after timeliness mechanical property standard required for cannot reaching.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is in order to solve in high-intensitive 6082 aluminium alloy extrusions bending process, there are surface quality and power
The substandard problem of performance is learned, a kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile is provided.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile, including with
Lower step:
A, according to following parts by weight preparation aluminium alloy stock: Si:1.0%~1.1%, Fe:0.25%~0.35%,
Cu:0.045%~0.050%, Mn:0.50%~0.55%, Mg:0.75%~0.85%, Cr:0.12%~0.20%, Zn:
≤ 0.10%, Ti :≤0.03%, single impurity≤0.05%, impurity adds up to≤0.15%, surplus Al, by prepared aluminium
It is liquid aluminium alloy that melting after evenly mixing, which is added in smelting furnace, in alloy raw material, is aluminium alloy cast ingot by liquid aluminium alloy founding；
B, by the aluminium alloy cast ingot after founding, Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments time are 4 at a temperature of 550~580 DEG C
~6h；
C, the aluminium alloy cast ingot of Homogenization Treatments is placed in extrusion forming in the extrusion die of extruder, required for obtaining
Aluminium alloy extrusions, wherein the heating temperature of extrusion die is 450~500 DEG C, and the heating temperature of extrusion cylinder is 400~440 DEG C, is squeezed
Press extrusion ratio λ be 47.2, aluminium alloy cast ingot use staged heating method, aluminium alloy cast ingot head heating temperature be 480~
510 DEG C, middle part heating temperature is 470~500 DEG C, and Tail-heating temperature is 460~490 DEG C, and extrusion speed is 4.5~5.5m/
min；
D, the aluminium alloy extrusions after extrusion is subjected to water spray quenching, it is 500~530 that aluminium alloy extrusions, which enters quenching area temperature,
DEG C, quenching area temperature is 80~120 DEG C out, and quenching cooling velocity is 40~45 DEG C/s；
E, quenched aluminium alloy extrusions is subjected to tension straingtening；
F, bending is carried out after the aluminium alloy extrusions after tension straingtening being parked 6~8h, bending angle is 100~120 °；
G, the aluminium alloy extrusions after bending is subjected to artificial aging heat treatment, aging temp is 175 ± 5 DEG C, soaking time
For 8h.
Further, in step A aluminium alloy smelting process be melt, stir, skimming, degasification removal of impurities, filtering, casting partly connect
Continuous casting method.
Further, extruder is 1250T extruder in step C.
Further, baffle is arranged in aluminium alloy extrusions water spray quenching exit in step D.
Further, it is 45 DEG C/s that step D, which quenches cooling velocity,.
Further, the stretcher strain amount of step E aluminium alloy extrusions is 1~2%.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile disclosed in this invention, after quenching tension straingtening after tested
The yield strength of aluminium alloy extrusions is 130~150MPa, and tensile strength is 220~250MPa, and elongation after fracture is 22~25%,
Aluminium alloy extrusions after quenching tension straingtening is parked and carries out folding test within 8h, it is found that the bending angle of bending can reach 100
~120 °, and the corner of mirco structure does not occur bending crack source and thicker coarse-grain layer, therefore can affirm this hair
Bright process conditions are suitble to the preparation of automobile-used high-strength bending profile, produce again after 175 ± 5 DEG C of * 8h timeliness by this technique, aluminium alloy
The yield strength of profile is 290~320MPa, and tensile strength reaches 320~340MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 15~18%, due to closing
Si, Mg element added in gold element belongs to medium content on the lower side, the alloying level of aluminium alloy extrusions is controlled, in Mn+
The content of Cr is on the upper side medium, to realize control coarse-grain, while ensure that the mechanical property of aluminium alloy extrusions.However due to subtracting
Lack the content of Si, Mg, the intensity of alloy can be reduced slightly, but when the quenching mode of use low-temperature and high-speed, while being promoted and being quenched
Fiery cooling rate can not only improve quenching intensity, and the plasticity toughness of material can be improved, and can preferably reduce coarse-grain layer
Thickness and reduce crystal grain size, thus improve profile bending property and improve bending after surface quality.
2, the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile disclosed in this invention, in original 6082 aluminium alloy extrusions
Change alloying component on component base, realizes the bending of high-intensitive 6082 aluminium alloy extrusions, and flawless rebound phenomenon, and
By improving the system that homogenizes of ingot casting, a kind of degree of the medium component content of 6082 alloyings has been debugged simultaneously in no-float
Process system, the process system of low-temperature and high-speed, so that suitable deficiency for compensating for alloying component, ensure that quenching intensity fills
Point, and then toughness plasticity is improved, then pass through first the bending processing of timeliness and schedule of reinforcement again, improve the crackle of bending rear surface
Depth and size, and solve denouncing of slightly springing back, it is ensured that after profile bending after experience failure, size and deformation
It will not have a greater change, and intensity can also reach standard.
Other advantages, target and feature of the invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.Target of the invention and other advantages can be realized by following specification and
It obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with attached drawing excellent
The detailed description of choosing, in which:
Fig. 1 is the cross-section diagram of the automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
A, aluminium alloy stock: Si:1.0%, Fe:0.25%, Cu:0.045%, Mn is prepared according to following parts by weight:
0.50%, Mg:0.75%, Cr:0.12%, Zn:0.10%, Ti:0.03%, single impurity≤0.05%, impurity is total≤
0.15%, surplus Al, it is liquid aluminium alloy that melting after evenly mixing, which is added in smelting furnace, in prepared aluminium alloy stock, will
Liquid aluminium alloy founding is aluminium alloy cast ingot；
B, by the aluminium alloy cast ingot after founding, Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments time are 4 at a temperature of 550~580 DEG C
~6h；
C, the aluminium alloy cast ingot of Homogenization Treatments is placed in extrusion forming in the extrusion die of extruder, required for obtaining
Aluminium alloy extrusions, wherein extruder is 1250T extruder, and the heating temperature of extrusion die is 450~500 DEG C, and extrusion cylinder adds
Hot temperature is 400~440 DEG C, and extruder extrusion ratio λ is 47.2, and aluminium alloy cast ingot uses staged heating method, aluminium alloy casting
Head of ingot portion heating temperature is 480~510 DEG C, and middle part heating temperature is 470~500 DEG C, and Tail-heating temperature is 460~490 DEG C,
Extrusion speed is 4.5~5.5m/min；
D, the aluminium alloy extrusions after extrusion is subjected to water spray quenching, it is 500~530 that aluminium alloy extrusions, which enters quenching area temperature,
DEG C, quenching area temperature is 80~120 DEG C out, and quenching cooling velocity is 45 DEG C/s, the setting of aluminium alloy extrusions water spray quenching exit
Baffle；
E, quenched aluminium alloy extrusions is subjected to tension straingtening, the yield strength of aluminium alloy extrusions is under this process conditions
130~150MPa, tensile strength are 220~250MPa, and elongation after fracture is 22~25%；
F, bending is carried out after the aluminium alloy extrusions after tension straingtening being parked 6~8h, bending angle is 100~120 °, folding
The corner of aluminium alloy extrusions mirco structure does not occur bending crack source and thicker coarse-grain layer after curved, therefore can affirm this
It is suitble to the processing of automobile-used high-strength bending profile under process conditions；
G, the aluminium alloy extrusions after bending is subjected to artificial aging heat treatment, aging temp is 175 ± 5 DEG C, soaking time
For 8h, the yield strength of aluminium alloy extrusions is 290~320MPa after artificial aging heat treatment, tensile strength reaches 320~
340MPa, elongation percentage reach 15~18%.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, aluminium alloy stock ingredient in step A are as follows: Si:1.1%, Fe:
0.25%, Cu:0.045%, Mn:0.55%, Mg:0.85%, Cr:0.20%, Zn:0.10%, Ti:0.03%, single impurity
≤ 0.05%, impurity total≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in step A in aluminium alloy stock ingredient: Si:0.9%, Mg:
0.70%.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the difference from example 2 is that, in step A in aluminium alloy stock ingredient: Si:1.2%, Mg:
0.90%.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in step A in aluminium alloy stock ingredient: Mn:0.4%, Cr:
0.10%.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 the difference from example 2 is that, in step A in aluminium alloy stock ingredient: Mn:0.4%, Cr:
0.10%.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in step D quench cooling velocity be 30 DEG C/s.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in step D quench cooling velocity be 60 DEG C/s.
Aluminium alloy bending profile mechanical property prepared by Examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1~6 is shown in Table one
Table one
| Embodiment | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation percentage % |
| Embodiment 1 | 300 | 330 | 17 |
| Embodiment 2 | 305 | 335 | 16 |
| Comparative example 1 | 280 | 300 | 15 |
| Comparative example 2 | 275 | 290 | 14.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 285 | 295 | 15 |
| Comparative example 4 | 290 | 310 | 14.5 |
| Comparative example 5 | 300 | 310 | 14 |
| Comparative example 6 | 285 | 315 | 15.5 |
As can be seen from the above table, reached using aluminium alloy bending profile yield strength prepared by extrusion process of the present invention
300MPa, tensile strength reach 330MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 16%.And it was used by the aluminium alloy extrusions after folding test
The hand end of timeliness, peak value timeliness finds and improves by not apparent rebound phenomenon, therefore in above process system and ingredient
On the basis of, carrying out bending, most laggard peak value ageing treatment, so that good bent section product is obtained, after being finely adjusted
It solves the problems, such as to spring back on a small quantity.
The extrusion process of the automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile, by selecting reasonable extruder appts and changing again
The alloying component of kind ingot casting, makes optimal process system, while during post-production, selects optimal processing method
It is combined with reinforcing system, and then makes product that can reach technical protocol mark in terms of surface quality and size and physicochemical property
Standard, final realize stably produce.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of the technical program, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile, which comprises the following steps:
A, aluminium alloy stock: Si:1.0%~1.1%, Fe:0.25%~0.35%, Cu is prepared according to following parts by weight:
0.045%~0.050%, Mn:0.50%~0.55%, Mg:0.75%~0.85%, Cr:0.12%~0.20%, Zn :≤
0.10%, Ti :≤0.03%, single impurity≤0.05%, impurity total≤0.15%, surplus Al closes prepared aluminium
It is liquid aluminium alloy that melting after evenly mixing, which is added in smelting furnace, in golden raw material, is aluminium alloy cast ingot by liquid aluminium alloy founding；
B, by the aluminium alloy cast ingot after founding, Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments time are 4~6h at a temperature of 550~580 DEG C；
C, the aluminium alloy cast ingot of Homogenization Treatments is placed in extrusion forming in the extrusion die of extruder, aluminium required for obtaining closes
Metal type material, wherein the heating temperature of extrusion die is 450~500 DEG C, and the heating temperature of extrusion cylinder is 400~440 DEG C, extruder
Extrusion ratio λ is 47.2, and aluminium alloy cast ingot uses staged heating method, and aluminium alloy cast ingot head heating temperature is 480~510
DEG C, middle part heating temperature is 470~500 DEG C, and Tail-heating temperature is 460~490 DEG C, and extrusion speed is 4.5~5.5m/min；
D, the aluminium alloy extrusions after extrusion is subjected to water spray quenching, it is 500~530 DEG C that aluminium alloy extrusions, which enters quenching area temperature, out
Quenching area temperature is 80~120 DEG C, and quenching cooling velocity is 40~45 DEG C/s；
E, quenched aluminium alloy extrusions is subjected to tension straingtening；
F, bending is carried out after the aluminium alloy extrusions after tension straingtening being parked 6~8h, bending angle is 100~120 °；
G, the aluminium alloy extrusions after bending is subjected to artificial aging heat treatment, aging temp is 175 ± 5 DEG C, soaking time 8h.
2. the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that aluminium closes in step A
Golden fusion process is to melt, stir, skimming, degasification removal of impurities, filtering, the semi-continuous casting method of casting.
3. the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that squeezed in step C
Machine is 1250T extruder.
4. the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that aluminium closes in step D
Baffle is arranged in metal type material water spray quenching exit.
5. the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step D quenching is cold
But speed is 45 DEG C/s.
6. the extrusion process of automobile-used high strength alumin ium alloy bending profile as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that step E aluminium alloy
The stretcher strain amount of profile is 1~2%.
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