CN110352826B

CN110352826B - Rosin collection method

Info

Publication number: CN110352826B
Application number: CN201910749934.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李彦杰; 栾启福; 姜景民
Original assignee: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2019-08-14
Filing date: 2019-08-14
Publication date: 2021-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-14
Also published as: CN110352826A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of forest chemical industry, and particularly relates to a rosin collection method, which comprises the following steps: s1: drilling three holes 20-50cm above the base of the trunk, wherein the three holes are arranged in an inverted isosceles triangle shape and communicated with each other inside, the size of each hole is 30-35mm, the holes and the plane of the trunk form an inclined shape of 20-25 degrees, and the plane included angle between the two holes at the top is 90-120 degrees; s2: treating the medicament, namely spraying rosin fat-promoting agent in two holes at the top after drilling; s3: collecting the rosin, and collecting the rosin at the hole at the bottom by using a collecting bag. The invention obviously improves the labor productivity and the quality of the rosin; in addition, the drilling technology reduces the damage to trees, active cambium and bark, enhances the fire resistance and the pest resistance, and can improve the material value.

Description

Rosin collection method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forest chemical industry, and particularly relates to a rosin collection method.

Background

Rosin is a physiological secretion of pine trees, is an important industrial raw material, is processed into products widely, and has more than 400 applications according to statistics.

Colophonium is mainly accumulated in the resin tract of pine tree, and can be collected by artificial collection from pine tree. The method for collecting the rosin in China is a technology for regularly damaging resin channels in the xylem and primary cortex of a trunk of a pine tree and enabling the rosin to flow out and be collected, for a long time, a bark cutting, ditching and rosin collecting method is adopted in China, about 1000 pines can be collected by one rosin collector every day, and the rosin is produced by 2.5-3t every person.

The rosin collection is an operation which has long labor time, high labor intensity, low labor productivity and hard work for absorbing and absorbing rosin, and a large amount of cheap labor force is used in rural areas mainly by mountain areas in China to obtain the rosin. In addition, the pine trees are damaged by cutting the noodles, and the use value of the finished products is reduced; insect pests are easily caused by cut noodles; the quality of the evaporated rosin is susceptible to contamination by impurities, air oxidation, and volatilization of monoterpenes. Therefore, a method for collecting the fat with high efficiency and less damage to the tree body is urgently needed to be explored.

Therefore, the development of a grease collecting device and a grease collecting method which have high grease collecting efficiency and can obviously reduce labor intensity is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting pine resin, which has high resin collection rate, improves labor efficiency, and reduces damage to the resin.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical means:

a rosin collection method comprises the following steps:

s1: drilling three holes 20-50cm above the base of the trunk, wherein the three holes are arranged in an inverted isosceles triangle shape and communicated with each other inside, the size of each hole is 30-35mm, the holes and the plane of the trunk form an inclined shape of 20-25 degrees, and the plane included angle between the two holes at the top is 90-120 degrees; the three holes cut off the resin channel, the two holes are used for spraying the rosin fat promotion agent, the hole positioned at the bottom is used for receiving the flowing rosin, the method can keep continuous grease collection within 120 days after one-time punching, manual frequent intervention is not needed, in addition, the three channels are communicated and kept closed outwards, volatilization, oxidation and the like of monoterpene are reduced, and the quality of the rosin is improved. And the trunk is directly punched, so that bark cutting is avoided, the damage to the trunk is small, and the improvement of the material quality is facilitated.

S2: treating the medicament, namely spraying rosin fat-promoting agent in two holes at the top after drilling; the rosin fat-promoting agent can be sprayed to effectively improve the output of the rosin.

S3: collecting the rosin, and collecting the rosin at the hole at the bottom by using a collecting bag. In the rosin flows into the collection bag through the hole that is located the bottom, had both guaranteed the complete collection of rosin, because whole process is airtight simultaneously, reduced the process of oxidation, improved the rosin quality.

Further, in the step S2, the spraying dosage of the rosin fat-promoting agent is 150-300 mg/hole, and the spraying is carried out 2-3 times per year.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a rosin collecting device which is matched with the rosin collecting method and can obviously improve the rosin collecting efficiency and obviously reduce the labor intensity.

The rosin collecting device comprises a base, a drilling part arranged on the base and a drainage bag capable of being connected with the drilling part, wherein the base comprises a cylindrical positioning column, a positioning sleeve, a positioning needle arranged at the bottom of the positioning column and three positioning claws, the upper part of the positioning column is provided with an external thread, the positioning sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the positioning sleeve is in threaded fit with the upper part of the positioning column through the external thread and the internal thread, the three positioning claws are rotationally and symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the positioning column in a Y-shaped mode, one end part of each positioning claw is hinged with the lower part of the positioning column, a hinged shaft between the positioning claw and the positioning column is mutually vertical to the axial direction of the positioning column in space, and the free end of the positioning claw can swing up and down around the hinged shaft between the; the outer edge of the lower end opening of the positioning sleeve is provided with a circle of bulges which are pressed against the positioning claws, and the opening angle of the positioning claws can be adjusted by rotating the positioning sleeve; a first through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned below the positioning column, a second through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the left side above the positioning column, and a third through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the right side above the positioning column; the drilling parts are three and can be correspondingly inserted into the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively.

Furthermore, the drilling piece is in a hollow cylindrical shape, internal threads are formed in the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole, and external threads which can be in threaded fit with the internal threads in the first through hole, the second through hole or the third through hole are formed in the cylindrical outer surface of the drilling piece; drilling spare has a head and a afterbody, two relative jacks have been seted up on drilling spare's the afterbody lateral wall, be provided with the cutting blade in drilling spare's the head nozzle, the one end of cutting blade and the nozzle department lateral wall fixed connection of drilling spare head, the cutting blade other end are located nozzle central point and put the department, the knife face of cutting blade with drilling spare's head terminal surface has the contained angle, the portion of cutting off the edge stretches out drilling spare's the head terminal surface outside.

Further, the nozzle inside wall of drilling piece tail end is provided with the internal thread, the intercommunication has the drainage tube on the drainage bag, the mouth of pipe department of drainage tube is provided with the joint, the joint have with the external screw thread of the internal thread threaded connection of drilling piece tail end nozzle inside wall.

Further, the aperture sizes of the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are 30-33 mm.

And the plug can be inserted into the barrel opening at the tail end of the drilling piece and can seal the two jacks at the tail end of the drilling piece after the plug extends into the barrel opening at the tail end of the drilling piece. The plug has the effects of reducing volatilization and oxidation of the rosin, reducing rainwater and impurities and ensuring the purity of the rosin.

Further, a rod wrench for rotating the drilling member is included, and the ends of the rod wrench can be simultaneously inserted into two insertion holes at the tail end of the drilling member.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the drilling and grease collection technology disclosed by the invention only needs to carry out once drilling treatment in the grease collection season of one year, so that the labor productivity is obviously improved; the drilling and oil extraction adopt a closed collection system, so that the volatilization of monoterpene is reduced, the oil content is increased, the crystallization of turpentine on a cutting surface is reduced, and the recovery rate is increased; in addition, the drilling technology reduces the damage to trees, active cambium and bark, enhances the fire resistance and the pest resistance, and can improve the material value.

The invention provides a rosin collector which comprises a base, a drilling part arranged on the base and a drainage bag capable of being connected with the drilling part, wherein the base comprises a cylindrical positioning column, a positioning sleeve, a positioning needle arranged at the bottom of the positioning column and three positioning claws; a first through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned below the positioning column, a second through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the left side above the positioning column, and a third through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the right side above the positioning column; the drilling parts are three and can be correspondingly inserted into the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively. The rosin collector can obviously improve the rosin collection efficiency and obviously reduce the labor intensity.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pine resin collector;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a base;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the base from another perspective;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a drilling member with the external threads on the surface omitted;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a drilled part after being half-cut.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of drilling parameters I of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram II of the drilling parameters of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

example 1

A rosin collection method comprises the following steps:

s1: and (3) drilling, namely drilling the xylem in the bark obliquely upwards at a position 25cm above the base of the trunk by using a spiral drill to form a first hole, wherein the drill and the plane of the tree body vertical to the sight line form an inclination angle of 22 degrees, and the drill drilling speed is 500r/min as shown by an angle b in fig. 7. In the same way, a second hole is formed by drilling towards the left side and the oblique lower right side above the first hole at a position 45cm away from the base of the trunk, then a third hole is formed by drilling towards the right side and the oblique lower left side above the first hole at a position 45cm away from the base of the trunk, the drill bits and the tree body plane vertical to the sight line are all 22 degrees, the first hole, the second hole and the third hole are arranged on the trunk in an inverted isosceles triangle shape and are communicated with each other, the size of the three holes is 30cm, and the plane included angle between the two holes of the second hole and the third hole is 90 degrees as shown in an angle a in figure 6.

S2: treating the medicament, namely spraying rosin fat-promoting agent in two holes at the top after punching; removing wood chips in the holes after drilling, and then spraying the rosin fat-promoting agent with the spraying dosage of 150 mg/hole for 2 times per year. After the rosin fat-promoting agent is sprayed, a plastic plug matched with the hole is used for plugging the two holes at the top.

S3: collecting rosin, connecting a flow guide pipe in the hole at the lower end, tightly binding a collecting bag on the flow guide pipe, and allowing the rosin to flow out through the flow guide pipe and be collected in the collecting bag.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-5, the rosin collector provided in this embodiment includes a base 1, a drilling member 2 disposed on the base, and a drainage bag 3 connectable to the drilling member, where the base includes a cylindrical positioning column 11, a positioning sleeve 12, a positioning pin 13 disposed at the bottom of the positioning column, and three positioning claws 14, and the positioning pin 13 can be used to fix the position of the base before drilling, and a worker does not need to drill a hole through the base by hand, so that the rosin collector of the present invention is more convenient to use. The upper part of the positioning column is provided with an external thread, the positioning sleeve 12 is provided with an internal thread, the positioning sleeve 12 is in threaded fit with the upper part of the positioning column 11 through the external thread and the internal thread, the three positioning claws 14 are rotationally and symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the positioning column in a Y-shaped mode, one end part of each positioning claw is hinged with the lower part of the positioning column, a hinged shaft between each positioning claw and the positioning column is mutually vertical to the axial direction of the positioning column in space, and the free ends of the positioning claws can swing up and down around the hinged shaft between each positioning claw and the positioning column; the outer edge of the lower end opening of the positioning sleeve 12 is provided with a circle of bulges 15 which are pressed against the positioning claws, and the opening angle of the positioning claws can be adjusted by rotating the positioning sleeve; a first through hole 4 is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned below the positioning column, a second through hole 5 is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the left side above the positioning column, and a third through hole 6 is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the right side above the positioning column; the drilling parts are three and can be correspondingly inserted into the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the drilling member is in a hollow cylindrical shape, internal threads are formed in the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole, and external threads which can be in threaded fit with the internal threads in the first through hole, the second through hole or the third through hole are formed on the cylindrical outer surface of the drilling member; the drilling part is provided with a head part 21 and a tail part 22, the side wall of the tail part of the drilling part is provided with two opposite insertion holes 23, the drilling part further comprises a rod-shaped spanner 25 for rotating the drilling part, the end part of the rod-shaped spanner can be simultaneously inserted into the two insertion holes at the tail end of the drilling part, and the drilling part can be drilled into the trunk by twisting the rod-shaped spanner; be provided with cutting blade 24 in the head nozzle of drilling spare, the one end of cutting blade and the nozzle of drilling spare head department lateral wall fixed connection, the cutting blade other end are located nozzle central point and put the department, and every drilling spare head is provided with two cutting blades, and two cutting blades use the axis of drilling spare to set up as symmetry axis symmetry, the knife face of cutting blade with the head end face of drilling spare has the contained angle, the portion of cutting blade that opens a knife edge stretches out the head end face outside of drilling spare.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the inner side wall of the barrel opening at the tail end of the drilling piece is provided with an internal thread, the drainage bag is communicated with a drainage tube 7, the opening of the drainage tube is provided with a joint, and the joint is provided with an external thread in threaded connection with the internal thread on the inner side wall of the barrel opening at the tail end of the drilling piece. The improved arrangement greatly facilitates the connection of the drainage bag and the cylinder opening at the tail end of the drilling piece.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the drilling device further comprises a plug 8, wherein the plug can be inserted into the tube opening at the tail end of the drilling piece, and can seal two insertion holes at the tail end of the drilling piece after the plug extends into the tube opening at the tail end of the drilling piece. The plug seals the jack, the first through hole and the second through hole, so that rainwater, dry branches, fallen leaves and the like can be prevented from entering the resin holes to cause the purity of the rosin, and meanwhile, the oxidation of the rosin can be reduced.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the aperture size of the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole is 30-33 cm. The size of the through hole is more beneficial to secretion and collection of resin.

Example 3

The method for sampling fat using the fat sampling device of example 2: firstly, a positioning sleeve 12 is rotated to adjust the maximum opening angle of a positioning claw, the positioning claw is knocked to fix the positioning claw at a position 20cm above the base of a trunk through a positioning needle, three positioning claws are attached to the trunk in a Y-shaped state, a drilling piece is rotated through a rod-shaped wrench, the drilling piece drills the positioning claw into the trunk in the axial direction towards a first through hole, a second through hole or a third through hole, the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are all at an inclination angle of 22 degrees with a plane vertical to the sight line, and sawdust is drilled from a barrel mouth at the tail end of the drilling piece; after drilling of the drilling piece is finished, the base is fixed on the trunk together with the drilling piece, the rosin fat-promoting agent is sprayed in the second through hole and the third through hole at the top after the drilling is finished, the spraying dosage is 150 mg/hole, the resin flows out from the first through hole and is collected into the drainage bag, and the drilling piece can keep a certain included angle due to the action of the base when the drilling is carried out, so that the secretion of the resin can be promoted, and the resin can conveniently flow out from the first through hole. The rosin collector can adjust the drilling angle, greatly facilitates the drilling work of workers, does not need to keep the angle with the trunk manually and deliberately during drilling, and reduces the labor intensity of the workers. In addition, the rosin collector adopts a closed collecting system, so that the volatilization of monoterpene is reduced, the oil content is increased, the crystallization of rosin on a cut surface is reduced, and the recovery rate is increased.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims

1. A rosin collection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: drilling three holes 20-50cm above the base of the trunk, wherein the three holes are arranged in an inverted isosceles triangle shape and communicated with each other inside, the size of each hole is 30-35mm, the holes and the plane of the trunk form an inclined shape of 20-25 degrees, and the plane included angle between the two holes at the top is 90-120 degrees;

s2: treating the medicament, namely spraying rosin fat-promoting agent in two holes at the top after drilling;

s3: collecting rosin, namely collecting the rosin in a hole at the bottom by using a collecting bag;

the rosin collecting device comprises a base, a drilling part arranged on the base and a drainage bag which can be connected with the drilling part, wherein the base comprises a cylindrical positioning column, a positioning sleeve, a positioning needle arranged at the bottom of the positioning column and three positioning claws, the upper part of the positioning column is provided with an external thread, the positioning sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the positioning sleeve is in threaded fit with the upper part of the positioning column through the external thread and the internal thread, the three positioning claws are rotationally and symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the positioning column in a Y-shaped mode, one end part of each positioning claw is hinged with the lower part of the positioning column, a hinged shaft between the positioning claws and the positioning column is spatially vertical to the axial direction of the positioning column, and the free ends of the positioning claws can swing up and down around the hinged shaft between the positioning claws and the positioning column; the outer edge of the lower end opening of the positioning sleeve is provided with a circle of bulges which are pressed against the positioning claws, and the opening angle of the positioning claws can be adjusted by rotating the positioning sleeve; a first through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned below the positioning column, a second through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the left side above the positioning column, and a third through hole is formed in the free end of the positioning claw positioned on the right side above the positioning column; the drilling parts are three and can be correspondingly inserted into the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole respectively.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the rosin fat promoter sprayed in step S2 is 150-300 mg/hole.

3. The rosin collecting method according to claim 1, wherein the drilling member is a hollow cylinder, the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are internally provided with screw threads, and the cylindrical outer surface of the drilling member is provided with external screw threads which can be in threaded fit with the internal screw threads in the first through hole, the second through hole or the third through hole; drilling spare has a head and a afterbody, two relative jacks have been seted up on drilling spare's the afterbody lateral wall, be provided with the cutting blade in drilling spare's the head nozzle, the one end of cutting blade and the nozzle department lateral wall fixed connection of drilling spare head, the cutting blade other end are located nozzle central point and put the department, the knife face of cutting blade with drilling spare's head terminal surface has the contained angle, the portion of cutting off the edge stretches out drilling spare's the head terminal surface outside.

4. The rosin collecting method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inside wall of the barrel opening of the tail end of the drilling member is provided with an internal thread, the drainage bag is communicated with a drainage tube, the opening of the drainage tube is provided with a connector, and the connector has an external thread which is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the inside wall of the barrel opening of the tail end of the drilling member.

5. The rosin collecting method according to claim 1, wherein the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole have a diameter of 30-33 mm.

6. A method as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a plug which is inserted into the mouth of the rear end of the drilling member and seals the two sockets at the rear end of the drilling member after the plug has been inserted into the mouth of the rear end of the drilling member.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pine resin collecting device further comprises a bar wrench for rotating the drilling member, the end of the bar wrench being simultaneously inserted into two insertion holes at the rear end of the drilling member.