CN110343884A - A kind of preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional Download PDFInfo
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- CN110343884A CN110343884A CN201910668002.0A CN201910668002A CN110343884A CN 110343884 A CN110343884 A CN 110343884A CN 201910668002 A CN201910668002 A CN 201910668002A CN 110343884 A CN110343884 A CN 110343884A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional, including 1) founding, 2) refining, 3) extruding, 4) processes such as actual effect, wherein being saved solution treatment process using online air-cooled technology and being improved production efficiency；And to parameters in preparation process, especially actual effect parameter is optimized, and obtains preferred plan.The present invention also improves the formula of aluminium alloy, reduces Mg, Si content in aluminium alloy component, controls Mg/Si ratio, makes types of alloys Si slightly excess type, and add the adverse effect for adding boron element to eliminate V.Under the premise of keeping hardness, product conductivity is promoted.Verified, product of the present invention Vickers hardness reaches 11Hw or more, and tensile strength is above 215MPa, and conductivity is above 56%IACS at 20 DEG C, and thermal coefficient reaches 220W/mK or more, and every technical parameter reaches world lead level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation processes of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional.
Technical background
Country low voltage bus bar groove market reaches its maturity and standardizes at present, and competition exceedes plus fierceness, in the large-scale weight of some countries
In point engineering project, demand to product is in addition to requiring product specification high outer, there are also prior demand factor, including energy saving,
Electrical Safety is reliable etc..But the current country has the bus duct manufacturing enterprise of high conductance energy conservation class almost without even if having
It is only capable of reaching international standards: the part busway product produced such as Schneider company.
Heat treatment has an important influence the intensity and thermal conductivity of alloy.Wherein, Homogenization Treatments can eliminate microsegregation,
Hardening constituent Mg2Si can dissolve in matrix, and needle-shaped meet containing Fe becomes nodularization, but the temperature of Homogenization Treatments is too low or excessively high all right
Reduce thermal conductivity.When the temperature is excessively high, the solute atoms in matrix increases, and crystal grain is roughened, and conductivity is lower.Secondly, Al-
When Mg-Si solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is higher, and thermal conductivity is lower, and intensity increases with increased temperature, reach maximum value after with
Temperature increases and reduces.Solid solubility temperature is higher, surplus mutually dissolve in it is more abundant, and temperature compared with low spot have part phase grain boundaries not
Continuous to be precipitated, advantageous to heat transfer, solid solubility temperature minimum point thermal conductivity is maximum.And hardening constituent Mg2Si and alloying element maximum limit
Degree dissolves in matrix, and the temperature of burning does not occur, and distortion of lattice reaches maximum, intensity highest.Again, Al-Mg-Si alloy is squeezed
Aging temp is also extremely important, and aging temp is high, and thermal conductivity improves fastly with the increase of aging time, but aging time is too long
When, mutually occur to be dissolved and thermal conductivity reduction because of partial reinforment；Aging temp is low, the defects of alloy due to atomic motion it is slow and
It cannot effectively repair.These propose factor as bus duct material key technique conductor quality, it may be said that who grasps this skill
Who is just accounted in commanding elevation art, who can become the bellwether in bus duct industry in worldwide and capture bigger city
Market share.
And mainly there are SAPA (HYDRO) (Sa Pa (Hydro)), Southwire (beauty in transnational Aluminum group famous at present
State's south line), ALCOM (U.S. aluminium), Alcan (Rio Tinto) (adding aluminium (making every effort to open up)) etc., the extruding aluminium alloy of these companies production
Performance, general 6101 model material, T6 state, tensile strength are 200~205MPa, and the thermal coefficient at 25 DEG C is 218W/m
K.The material that these alloy products are used as bus duct can satisfy some large-scale major projects of the current country and high-end
The demand for the various aspects such as user is reliable to the energy conservation of product, Electrical Safety, occupies huge China's top grade bus duct market share.
However these products and technology, mostly offshore company are grasped, fancy price makes the cost performance of product very low, so that very much
User hangs back, but also the huge height of many project cost costs, brings very big burden to state, the people.
Therefore, it is necessary to be optimized to its preparation process, for the demand of domestic busway product material at present to obtain
World lead level and the aluminum alloy materials with very high cost performance can be reached by obtaining technical parameter, to meet domestic city at present
The high demand of field.
Summary of the invention
For the demand of above-mentioned current domestic bus duct aluminum alloy materials, the electric conductivity of aluminum alloy materials is ground
Study carefully.Since the conductivity of thermal coefficient and material is positively correlated, the ingredient and structural state of material determine thermal coefficient.Identical
Under conductivity, impurity content is lower, superfluous Mg2Si amount is fewer, and microscopic structure is in peak value precipitation state, and then thermal coefficient is got over
Height, studies have shown that add B that can reduce V amount in material, improve thermal coefficient.Therefore the present invention provides a kind of high thermal conductivity extruded aluminium conjunction
The preparation process of golden material reduces Mg, Si content in aluminium alloy component, controls Mg/Si ratio, keeps types of alloys Si slightly superfluous
Type, and the adverse effect for adding boron element to eliminate V is added, while optimizing aging technique parameter, under the premise of keeping hardness 70HV,
Conductivity is promoted to 56%IACS or more.Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional, includes the following steps:
1) alusil alloy and aluminium: according to formula ratio, being first added in furnace by founding, is heated to 700~800 DEG C of fusings, then
Boron and magnesium is added, casting coarse fodder is obtained after fusing；
2) it refines: the temperature of casting coarse fodder described in step 1) being controlled at 720~740 DEG C, suitable fining agent is added
And refining agent, 15~20min is refined, then temperature is controlled at 680~710 DEG C, stands 15~20min, obtain casting fine fodder；
3) it squeezes: using online air cooling way, casting fine fodder described in step 1) is cooled to 480~530 DEG C
It is squeezed into the ingot-containing tube of extruder afterwards, and squeezes and be injected into mold, air-cooled to 50~120 DEG C again, obtain casting semi-finished product；
4) actual effect: cooling de- after casting semi-finished product described in step 3) is kept the temperature 6~8 hours at 180~200 DEG C
Mould obtains aluminium alloy extrusions.
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 1), the formula ratio percentage are as follows: Si 0.33~
0.37%, Mg 0.52~0.56%, Fe 0.12%, Cr and/or Mn 0.005%, V and/or Ti 0.02%, Cu 0.01%,
Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, other inevitable impurity elements, the shared matter of other inevitable impurity elements
It measures percentage and is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
Optimization formula are as follows: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.55%, Fe 0.12%, Cr and/or Mn 0.005%, V and/or Ti
0.02%, Cu 0.01%, Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, other inevitable impurity elements, it is described other inevitable
The shared mass percent of impurity element is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
Another optimization formula are as follows: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.56%, Fe 0.08%, Cr and/or Mn≤0.004%, Ti
0.01%, Cu≤0.001%, Zn 0.04%, B 0.011%, other inevitable impurity elements, it is described other to keep away
The shared mass percent for the impurity element exempted from is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 2), the fining agent is Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B, the refining
Agent is 40%Na3AlF6+ 30%NaCl+30%KCl composition.
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 2), the nitrogen of liquid nitrogen or 99.99% is passed through in the refining process
Protection.
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 3), the online air-cooled air-cooled speed is 200~2400C/
min。
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 3), the mold and ingot-containing tube heat in advance, and the mold adds
The temperature of heat is 480~500 DEG C, and the temperature of the ingot-containing tube heating is 460~470 DEG C.
As there is preferred technical solution, in step 4), the actual effect is to keep the temperature 7 hours at 187 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention optimizes its preparation process for the demand of domestic busway product material at present, reduces aluminium and closes
Mg, Si content in golden component control Mg/Si ratio, make types of alloys Si slightly excess type, and add and boron element is added to eliminate having for V
Evil influences, while optimizing aging technique parameter, saves solution treatment process, production efficiency is improved, before keeping hardness 70HV
It puts, conductivity is promoted to 56%IACS or more.
The aluminum alloy materials that the method for the present invention obtains make bus duct, at least have the following advantages, first, conductivity reaches
Or be more than international standard, after original T2 copper conductor, reach improve power transmission efficiency, reduce line loss, thus have energy conservation,
Electricity consumption more secure and reliable；Second, higher coefficient of heat transfer makes bus duct heat dissipation faster, bus duct insulating materials is preferably protected
Run it at low temperature, higher coefficient of heat transfer makes busway product heat dissipation faster, preferably protects bus duct insulation material
Material has delayed insulating materials digestion period to improve its service life, has also further increased busway product service life.Its
Three, in addition to technical parameter above-mentioned can reach world lead level, material product of the present invention also has the cost performance of superelevation, full
The high demand of sufficient domestic market.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, to skill of the invention
Art scheme is clearly and completely described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloy, by mass percentage: Si 0.33%, Mg 0.52%, Fe
0.12%, Cr and/or Mn 0.005%, V and/or Ti 0.02%, Cu 0.01%, Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, it is other not
The shared mass percent of evitable impurity element, other inevitable impurity elements is no more than 0.02%, surplus
For Al.
Preparation step is as follows:
1) founding: pressing above-mentioned mass percent, first aluminium be added in furnace, is heated to 700 DEG C of fusings, adds in addition to aluminum
Other components, obtained after fusing casting coarse fodder.
2) it refines: the temperature of casting coarse fodder described in step 1) being controlled at 720 DEG C, suitable fining agent and refining is added
Agent refines 15~20min, and the fining agent is Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B, and the refining agent is 40%Na3AlF6+ 30%NaCl
+ 30%KCl composition；Temperature is controlled at 680 DEG C again, stands 15min, obtains casting fine fodder；
3) it squeezes: using online air cooling way, squeezed into after casting fine fodder described in step 1) is cooled to 480 DEG C
It in the ingot-containing tube of extruder, and squeezes and is injected into mold, air-cooled to 50 DEG C again, obtain casting semi-finished product；
4) actual effect: cooling and demolding after casting semi-finished product described in step 3) is kept the temperature 6 hours at 200 DEG C obtains aluminium
Alloy profile, it is spare.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloy, by mass percentage: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.55%, Fe
0.12%, Cr and/or Mn 0.005%, V and/or Ti 0.02%, Cu 0.01%, Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, it is other not
The shared mass percent of evitable impurity element, other inevitable impurity elements is no more than 0.02%, surplus
For Al.
Preparation step is as follows:
1) founding: pressing above-mentioned mass percent, first aluminium be added in furnace, is heated to 750 DEG C of fusings, adds in addition to aluminum
Other components, obtained after fusing casting coarse fodder.
2) it refines: the temperature of casting coarse fodder described in step 1) being controlled at 730 DEG C, suitable fining agent and refining is added
Agent refines 18min, and the fining agent is Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B, and the refining agent is 40%Na3AlF6+ 30%NaCl+
30%KCl composition；Temperature is controlled at 700 DEG C again, stands 15, obtains casting fine fodder；
3) it squeezes: using online air cooling way, squeezed into after casting fine fodder described in step 1) is cooled to 500 DEG C
It in the ingot-containing tube of extruder, and squeezes and is injected into mold, air-cooled to 100 DEG C again, obtain casting semi-finished product；
4) actual effect: cooling and demolding after casting semi-finished product described in step 3) is kept the temperature 7 hours at 180 DEG C obtains aluminium
Alloy profile, it is spare.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloy, by mass percentage: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.56%, Fe
0.08%, Cr and/or Mn≤0.004%, Ti 0.01%, Cu≤0.001%, Zn 0.04%, B 0.011%, it is other can not
The shared mass percent of the impurity element avoided, other inevitable impurity elements is no more than 0.02%, and surplus is
Al。
Preparation step is as follows:
1) founding: pressing above-mentioned mass percent, first aluminium be added in furnace, is heated to 800 DEG C of fusings, adds in addition to aluminum
Other components, obtained after fusing casting coarse fodder.
2) it refines: the temperature of casting coarse fodder described in step 1) being controlled at 740 DEG C, suitable fining agent and refining is added
Agent refines 20min, and the fining agent is Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B, and the refining agent is 40%Na3AlF6+ 30%NaCl+
30%KCl composition；Temperature is controlled at 710 DEG C again, stands 20min, obtains casting fine fodder；
3) it squeezes: using online air cooling way, squeezed into after casting fine fodder described in step 1) is cooled to 530 DEG C
It in the ingot-containing tube of extruder, and squeezes and is injected into mold, air-cooled to 120 DEG C again, obtain casting semi-finished product；
4) actual effect: cooling and demolding after casting semi-finished product described in step 3) is kept the temperature 8 hours at 180 DEG C obtains aluminium
Alloy profile, it is spare.
Embodiment 4
Finished product aluminium alloy is detected using Wechsler hardness tester and tensile-strength tester, and detects institute in each embodiment
The conductivity and thermal coefficient of aluminium alloy castings are obtained, the result is as follows:
The aluminium alloy extrusions performance of 1. the method for the present invention of table preparation
As it can be seen from table 1 the method for the present invention prepares part aluminium alloy, Vickers hardness reaches 11Hw or more, tensile strength
It is above 215MPa, conductivity is above 56%IACS at 20 DEG C, and thermal coefficient reaches 220W/mK or more, every technical ginseng
Number reaches world lead level.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive.Although in addition, it should be understood that originally
Specification is described in terms of embodiments, but only includes not one technical solution, and this narrating mode of specification is only
It is only for clarity that the skilled in the art should refer to the specification as a whole, the technical solution in embodiment can also
To be properly combined, form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional, characterized by the following steps:
1) alusil alloy and aluminium: according to formula ratio, being first added in furnace by founding, is heated to 700~800 DEG C of fusings, adds
Boron and magnesium obtain casting coarse fodder after fusing；
2) it refines: the temperature of casting coarse fodder described in step 1) being controlled at 720~740 DEG C, suitable fining agent and essence is added
Agent is refined, 15~20min is refined, then temperature is controlled at 680~710 DEG C, stands 15~20min, obtain casting fine fodder；
3) it squeezes: using online air cooling way, beaten after casting fine fodder described in step 1) is cooled to 480~530 DEG C
Enter in the ingot-containing tube of extruder, and squeeze and be injected into mold, air-cooled to 50~120 DEG C again, obtains casting semi-finished product；
4) actual effect: cooling and demolding after casting semi-finished product described in step 3) is kept the temperature 6~8 hours at 180~200 DEG C obtains
Obtain aluminium alloy extrusions.
2. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1),
The formula ratio percentage are as follows: Si 0.33~0.37%, Mg 0.52~0.56%, Fe 0.12%, Cr and/or Mn
0.005%, V and/or Ti 0.02%, Cu 0.01%, Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, other inevitable impurity elements, it is described its
The shared mass percent of its inevitable impurity element is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
3. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1),
The formula ratio percentage are as follows: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.55%, Fe 0.12%, Cr and/or Mn 0.005%, V and/or
Ti 0.02%, Cu 0.01%, Zn 0.05%, B 0.03%, other inevitable impurity elements, it is described other inevitable
The shared mass percent of impurity element is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
4. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1),
The formula ratio percentage are as follows: Si 0.35%, Mg 0.56%, Fe 0.08%, Cr and/or Mn≤0.004%, Ti
0.01%, Cu≤0.001%, Zn 0.04%, B 0.011%, other inevitable impurity elements, it is described other inevitable
The shared mass percent of impurity element is no more than 0.02%, surplus Al.
5. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2,
The fining agent is Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B.
6. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2,
The refining agent is 40%Na3AlF6+ 30%NaCl+30%KCl composition.
7. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2,
The nitrogen protection of liquid nitrogen or 99.99% is passed through in the refining process.
8. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3),
The online air-cooled air-cooled speed is 200~2400C/min.
9. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3),
The mold and ingot-containing tube heat in advance, and the temperature of the mold heating is 480~500 DEG C, the temperature of the ingot-containing tube heating
Degree is 460~470 DEG C.
10. the preparation process of high thermal conductivity extruding aluminium alloy sectional according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4),
The actual effect is to keep the temperature 7 hours at 187 DEG C.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111041294A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | 6-series low alloy composition with high long-term thermal stability and preparation method thereof |
| CN111560574A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-21 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process of high-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy |
| CN111636018A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy and casting method thereof |
| CN113249622A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-08-13 | 广东澳美铝业有限公司 | Production process of high-glossiness extruded aluminum profile and extruded aluminum profile |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN114318085A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-04-12 | 上海蔚兰动力科技有限公司 | Aluminium alloy with excellent mechanical and electric heat conductivity and its making method |
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| CN1760497A (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-19 | 上海振兴铝业有限公司 | Weatherproof color shape bars in aluminium alloy, and manufacturing method |
| CN101121978A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2008-02-13 | 深圳市富亿通精密科技有限公司 | High electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high-strength aluminum alloy material, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1760497A (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-19 | 上海振兴铝业有限公司 | Weatherproof color shape bars in aluminium alloy, and manufacturing method |
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| CN111041294A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | 6-series low alloy composition with high long-term thermal stability and preparation method thereof |
| CN111041294B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-12-08 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | 6-series low alloy composition with high long-term thermal stability and preparation method thereof |
| CN111041294B9 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-12 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | 6-series low alloy composition with high long-term thermal stability and preparation method thereof |
| CN113249622A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-08-13 | 广东澳美铝业有限公司 | Production process of high-glossiness extruded aluminum profile and extruded aluminum profile |
| CN111560574A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-21 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process of high-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy |
| CN111636018A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy and casting method thereof |
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| CN110343884B (en) | 2020-11-17 |
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