CN110341266A - One-way moisture-guiding fabric and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
One-way moisture-guiding fabric and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110341266A CN110341266A CN201910634352.5A CN201910634352A CN110341266A CN 110341266 A CN110341266 A CN 110341266A CN 201910634352 A CN201910634352 A CN 201910634352A CN 110341266 A CN110341266 A CN 110341266A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrophobic layer
- layer
- hydrophilic
- fabric
- hydrophilic layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 Jiang Shui Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
- D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/14—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
- D06M13/123—Polyaldehydes; Polyketones
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
- D06M13/463—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from monoamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
- B32B2262/023—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/24—Polymers or copolymers of alkenylalcohols or esters thereof; Polymers or copolymers of alkenylethers, acetals or ketones
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabrics and its preparation method and application, are related to dyeing and finishing field, which includes: textile matrix；Hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer is arranged on a surface of the textile matrix, and the hydrophobic layer is formed by electrostatic spinning；The porosity of the textile matrix is 58.3-63.4%, and the porosity of the hydrophobic layer is 23.6-53.4%.The one-way moisture-guiding fabric is conducive to improve the mechanical property of one-way moisture-guiding fabric as matrix using textile, the preferable hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic effect is formed by electrostatic spinning in the matrix surface, simple to operate, controllability is strong, and the one-way wet-guide effect of the fabric obtained is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dyeing and finishing technique field, more particularly, to a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabric and its preparation method and application,
More particularly, to a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabric and its preparation method and application and clothes, oily-water seperating equipment, sea water desalination
Device or cell separation apparatus.
Background technique
One-way moisture-guiding fabric refer to can the liquid such as Jiang Shui, oil and blood be oriented transport in a particular direction,
But it is difficult to the function fabric of directional transmissions in the opposite direction, this functional material is in movement footwear material, protective garment, interior household
Or automobile decoration material etc. has potential application.There are poor mechanical property, controllability be not strong for current one-way moisture-guiding fabric
And one-way wet-guide speed it is slow the defects of.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabrics, are conducive to improve using textile as matrix unidirectional
The mechanical property of moisture-guiding fabric forms the preferable hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic effect by electrostatic spinning in the matrix surface, easy to operate
Convenient, controllability is strong, and the one-way wet-guide effect of the fabric obtained is preferable.
One-way moisture-guiding fabric provided by the invention, comprising: textile matrix；Hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer are arranged described
On one surface of textile matrix, and the hydrophobic layer is formed by electrostatic spinning；The hole of the textile matrix
Rate is 58.3-63.4%, and the porosity of the hydrophobic layer is 23.6-53.4%.
Further, the aperture in the hole in the textile matrix is 12.3-13.7 μm, the hole in the hole in the hydrophobic layer
Diameter is 2.5-11.4 μm；
Preferably, the contact angle of the textile matrix is 69.4-92.5 °, and the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is 132.0-
145.0°；
Preferably, the textile matrix with a thickness of 97-103 μm, the hydrophobic layer with a thickness of 3.0-12.0 μm.
Further, the hydrophobic layer is mainly to be prepared by the raw material of following mass fraction: polystyrene 6-
15wt%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 0.2-1wt%, tetrahydrofuran 0-90wt% and dimethylformamide 0-90wt%；
Preferably, the material of the textile matrix includes dacron and/or cotton fabric.
Further, one-way moisture-guiding fabric further include: hydrophilic layer, the hydrophilic layer setting are separate in the textile matrix
On the surface of the hydrophobic layer；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer is formed using electrostatic spinning；
Preferably, the porosity of the hydrophilic layer is 15.4-47.2%；
Preferably, the aperture of the hydrophilic layer mesoporous is 1.4-6.1 μm；
Preferably, the contact angle of the hydrophilic layer is 68.0-78.0 °；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 20.0-70.0 μm；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass fraction: polyvinyl alcohol 5-15wt%, second
Alcohol 60-94wt%, surplus are water.
A kind of preparation method of mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric, comprising: by the first electrostatic spinning in textile base
Hydrophobic layer is formed on the first surface of body.
Further, preparation method further include: utilize the second electrostatic spinning second surface separate in textile matrix
Upper formation hydrophilic layer；
Preferably, the condition of first electrostatic spinning and second electrostatic spinning include each independently it is following at least
One of: 20-60 DEG C of temperature, preferably 23-27 DEG C；Humidity 20-50%, preferably 35-45%；Distance 10-20cm is received, preferably
For 20cm；Feed flow rate 1-3mL/h, preferably 1mL/h；Voltage is 15-30kV, preferably 20kV；And drying temperature is 40-
65℃。
Further, the hydrophilic layer is prepared by the following method to obtain: before forming hydrophobic layer, passing through second
Electrostatic spinning forms hydrophilic spinning film on surface of the textile matrix far from hydrophobic layer, is crosslinked to the hydrophilic spinning film
Processing obtains the hydrophilic layer；
Preferably, the crosslinking Treatment is carried out using glutaraldehyde, the polyvinyl alcohol in the glutaraldehyde and the hydrophilic layer
Mass ratio be 15-30:1；
Preferably, it is 50-70 DEG C that the condition of the crosslinking Treatment, which includes: temperature, and the time of crosslinking Treatment is 0.4-0.6h,
Drying time is 34-38h.
Further, the textile matrix is handled by Silk；
Preferably, it includes at least one of following raw material that the Silk, which handles used solution: sodium hydroxide 2-
10g/L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide 2-10g/L；
Preferably, it is 1:30 that the condition of the Silk processing, which includes: bath raio, and temperature is 80-99 DEG C, time 50-
70min。
A kind of application of mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric in the separation of water-oil separating, sea water desalination or cell.
A kind of clothes, oily-water seperating equipment, desalination plant or cell separation apparatus, including it is mentioned-above unidirectional
Moisture-guiding fabric.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can at least obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention is using textile as matrix, conducive to the mechanical property for improving one-way moisture-guiding fabric, so that unidirectionally
Moisture-guiding fabric can be resistant to relatively high hydraulic pressure；Since the hydrophily of textile matrix is better than hydrophobic layer, so that textile matrix
There are wellability gradients between hydrophobic layer, to be conducive to realize one-way wet-guide, and one-way moisture-guiding fabric of the invention is unidirectional
It is stronger to lead wet ability；In addition, it is stronger using the operation controllability that the method for electrostatic spinning forms hydrophobic layer, it is conducive to obtain hole
Rate, aperture and the suitable hydrophobic layer of thickness, conducive to the one-way wet-guide ability for further increasing fabric；Textile matrix and hydrophobic
The porosity of layer is conducive to improve the difference of wellability between textile matrix and hydrophobic layer within the above range, is conducive to improve unidirectional
The one-way wet-guide ability of moisture-guiding fabric.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabric, which includes: to spin
Fabric matrix；Hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer is arranged on a surface of the textile matrix, and the hydrophobic layer is to pass through
What electrostatic spinning was formed；The porosity of the textile matrix be 58.3-63.4% (such as can for 58.3,60,62 or
63.4% etc.), the porosity of the hydrophobic layer is that 23.6-53.4% (such as can be for 23.6,25,28,30,35,40,45,50
Or 53.4% etc.).
The present invention is using textile as matrix, conducive to the mechanical property for improving one-way moisture-guiding fabric, so that unidirectionally
Moisture-guiding fabric can be resistant to relatively high hydraulic pressure；Since the hydrophily of textile matrix is better than hydrophobic layer, so that textile matrix
There are wellability gradients between hydrophobic layer, to be conducive to realize one-way wet-guide, and one-way moisture-guiding fabric of the invention is unidirectional
It is stronger to lead wet ability；In addition, it is stronger using the operation controllability that the method for electrostatic spinning forms hydrophobic layer, it is conducive to obtain hole
Rate, aperture and the suitable hydrophobic layer of thickness, conducive to the one-way wet-guide ability for further increasing fabric；Textile matrix and hydrophobic
The porosity of layer is conducive to improve the difference of wellability between textile matrix and hydrophobic layer within the above range, is conducive to improve fabric
One-way wet-guide ability.
It should be noted that above-mentioned textile matrix refers to conventional woven fabric or knitted fabric etc..Of the invention
In some specific embodiments, the material of the textile matrix includes dacron and/or cotton fabric.Material source as a result,
Extensively, price is lower, good mechanical properties.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the aperture in the hole in the textile matrix be 12.3-13.7 μm (such as
Can be 12.3,12.5,12.8,13,13.3,13.5 or 13.7 μm etc.), the aperture in the hole in the hydrophobic layer is 2.5-
11.4 μm (such as can be 2.5,5,7,9,10,11 or 11.4 μm etc.).The mesoporous of textile matrix and hydrophobic layer as a result,
Aperture is conducive to that water is made unidirectionally to flow to hydrophobic layer from textile matrix within the above range, conducive to the one-way wet-guide energy for improving fabric
Power.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the contact angle of the textile matrix be 69.4-92.5 ° (such as can be with
It is 69.4,70,75,80,85,90 or 92.5 ° etc.), the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer, which is 132.0-145.0 °, (such as can be
132,135,137,140,142,144 or 145 ° etc.).It is conducive to improve the one-way wet-guide ability of fabric as a result,.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the textile matrix with a thickness of 97-103 μm (such as can for 97,
98,99,100,101,102 or 103 μm etc.), the hydrophobic layer with a thickness of 3.0-12.0 μm (such as can for 3,5,7,9,
11 or 12 μm etc.).Water transfer time is shorter in one-way moisture-guiding fabric as a result, and one-way wet-guide ability is stronger.Relative to above-mentioned thickness
Spend range, when the thickness of hydrophobic layer is relatively blocked up, then fabric exhibits be it is two-way do not lead it is wet, when the thickness of hydrophobic layer is excessively thin,
Then fabric exhibits be it is two-way lead it is wet.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the hydrophobic layer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass fraction
: polystyrene 6-15wt% (such as can be 6,8,10,12 or 15wt% etc.), dodecyl sodium sulfate 0.2-1wt%
(such as can be 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 or 1wt% etc.), tetrahydrofuran 0-90wt% (such as can be 10,20,30,
40,50,60,70,80 or 90wt% etc.), dimethylformamide 0-90wt% (such as can for 10,20,30,40,50,60,
70,80 or 90wt% etc.).
It should be noted that the content of tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide is not 0 simultaneously, that is to say, that when tetrahydro furan
When the content muttered is 0, the content of dimethylformamide is not 0, and when the content of dimethylformamide is 0, tetrahydrofuran contains
Amount is not 0.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, one-way moisture-guiding fabric further include: hydrophilic layer, the hydrophilic layer are arranged in institute
It states on surface of the textile matrix far from the hydrophobic layer.As a result, the hydrophilic effect of hydrophilic layer more preferably so that hydrophilic layer, weaving
Wellability gradient is formed between product matrix and hydrophobic layer three, further increases the one-way wet-guide ability of fabric.With the prior art
In the hydrophobic layer directly contacted and hydrophilic layer are formed by electrostatic spinning rather than textile matrix surface formed hydrophobic layer and
The mode of hydrophilic layer is compared, advantage of the invention is that mechanical property is good, one-way wet-guide ability is stronger.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the hydrophilic layer is formed using electrostatic spinning.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the porosity of the hydrophilic layer is that 15.4-47.2% (such as can be
15.4,20,25,30,35,40,45 or 47.2% etc.)；The aperture of the hydrophilic layer mesoporous is 1.4-6.1 μm (such as can be with
It is 1.4,2,3,4,5 or 6.1 μm etc.)；The contact angle of the hydrophilic layer is 68.0.- 78.0 ° (such as can for 68,70,72,
74,76 or 78 ° etc.).Thus, it is possible to further increase the infiltration sex differernce between hydrophilic layer and textile matrix, significantly mention
The one-way wet-guide ability of high fabric.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 20-70 μm (such as can for 20,
30,40,50,60 or 70 μm etc.).The thickness of hydrophilic layer is suitable as a result, so as to turn the time very fast for water in one-way moisture-guiding fabric,
Improve the one-way wet-guide ability of fabric.Fabric is then reduced when the thickness of hydrophilic layer is not suitable for relative to above-mentioned thickness range
One-way wet-guide ability.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the hydrophilic layer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass fraction
(such as can be to: polyvinyl alcohol 5-15wt% (such as can be 5,8,10,12 or 15wt% etc.), ethyl alcohol 60-94wt%
60,70,80,90 or 94wt% etc.), surplus is water.
It should be noted that surplus be water refer in the hydrophilic layer in the present invention remove polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and its
His surplus optionally except component is water, polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and other optionally the sum of mass percentages of component
It is 100%.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric.
The preparation method includes: to form hydrophobic layer on the first surface of textile matrix by the first electrostatic spinning.Operation letter as a result,
Singly, conveniently, it is easy to accomplish.
It should be noted that hydrophobic layer and textile matrix are consistent with the description of front, no longer excessively repeat herein.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, preparation method further include: using the second electrostatic spinning in textile base
Hydrophilic layer is formed on the second surface of body.
It should be noted that hydrophilic layer is consistent with the description of front, no longer excessively repeat herein, above-mentioned first surface and
Two surfaces refer to two surfaces that textile matrix is oppositely arranged, specifically, referring to that hydrophobic layer is arranged in textile matrix
A surface on, textile matrix is arranged in far from the surface of hydrophobic layer in hydrophilic layer.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the condition of first electrostatic spinning and second electrostatic spinning is respectively
Independently including at least one of: 20-60 DEG C of temperature (such as 20,30,40,50 or 60 DEG C etc.), preferably 23-27 DEG C；
Humidity 20-50% (such as can be 20,30,40 or 50% etc.), preferably 35-45%；Reception distance 10-20cm (such as
Can be 10,12,14,16,18 or 20cm etc.), preferably 20cm；Feed flow rate 1-3mL/h (such as can for 1,1.5,2,
2.5 or 3mL/h etc.), preferably 1mL/h；Voltage is 15-30kV (such as can be 15,20,25 or 30kV etc.), preferably
For 20kV；And drying temperature is 40-65 DEG C (such as can be 40,45,50,55,60 or 65 DEG C etc.).
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the hydrophilic layer is prepared by the following method to obtain: dredging being formed
Before water layer, hydrophilic spinning film is formed on the second surface of textile matrix by the second electrostatic spinning, to the hydrophilic spinning
Cortina carries out crosslinking Treatment and obtains the hydrophilic layer.Thus, it is possible to reduce influence of the crosslinking Treatment to hydrophobic layer.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, carry out the crosslinking Treatment using glutaraldehyde, the glutaraldehyde with it is described
The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol in hydrophilic layer is 15-30:1 (such as can be 15:1,17:1,20:1,25:1 or 30:1 etc.).
It should be noted that above-mentioned glutaraldehyde selected is glutaraldehyde that mass concentration is 50%.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the condition of the crosslinking Treatment include: temperature be 50-70 DEG C (such as can
Think 50,55,60,65 perhaps 70 DEG C etc.) time of crosslinking Treatment is that 0.4-0.6h (such as can be 0.4,0.5 or 0.6h
Deng), drying time is 34-38h (such as can be 34,35,36,37 or 38h etc.).
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the textile matrix is handled by Silk.Thus, it is possible to enhance spinning
The hydrophily of fabric matrix, so that the infiltration sex differernce between textile matrix and hydrophobic layer differs larger.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the Silk handle used in solution include following raw material at least
One of: sodium hydroxide 2-10g/L (such as can be 2,4,6,8 or 10g/L etc.), dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide 2-
10g/L (such as can be 2,4,6,8 or 10g/L etc.).
In certain embodiments of the present invention, it is 1:30 that the condition of the Silk processing, which includes: bath raio, and temperature is
80-99 DEG C (such as can be 80,85,90,95 or 99 DEG C etc.), the time be that 50-70min (such as can be 50,55,60,65
Or 70min etc.).
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, the preparation method of one-way moisture-guiding fabric includes the following steps: terylene
Fabric is 2-10g/L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide 2-10g/L, bath raio 1:30, temperature in naoh concentration
Under the conditions of 80-99 DEG C, 60min is handled, washing drying obtains Silk-Like dacron.With polystyrene (PS) mass concentration
For 9.5%, dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) mass concentration be 0.5%, tetrahydrofuran (THF) mass concentration is 45%, dimethyl
Formamide (DMF) mass concentration is configured to hydrophobic spinning solution for 45%, carries out electrostatic spinning in Silk-Like dacron side
(wherein when electrostatic spinning temperature be 25 ± 2 DEG C, humidity be 40 ± 5%, syringe and fabric distance be 20cm, feed flow rate and
Applied voltage is respectively 1mL/h and 20kV, time 2h), drying obtains one-way moisture-guiding fabric.
In other specific embodiments of the invention, the preparation method of one-way moisture-guiding fabric includes the following steps: to wash
Synthetic fibre fabric is 4g/L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide 4g/L, bath raio 1:30, temperature 99 in naoh concentration
Under the conditions of DEG C, 60min is handled, washing drying obtains Silk-Like dacron.With polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mass concentration for 5-
15wt%, dehydrated alcohol mass concentration are 60-94wt%, surplus is water, and magnetic agitation 3h is configured to hydrophilic spinning at 75-85 DEG C
Silk liquid, carrying out electrostatic spinning in the one side of Silk-Like dacron, (it is 20-60 DEG C that wherein, electrostatic spinning, which is in temperature, humidity
For 20-50%, syringe is 10-20cm, feed flow rate and application with the recipient distance wrapped up by dacron after handling
Voltage is respectively to carry out under conditions of 1mL/h and 15-30kV), obtain hydrophilic spinning film.It is 60 DEG C in temperature, handles the time
For 0.5h, drying time be 36h under conditions of be 50% with mass concentration glutaraldehyde quality hydrophilic spinning film is crosslinked
Processing obtains hydrophilic layer.It is that 10%, dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) mass concentration is with polystyrene (PS) mass concentration
0.5%, tetrahydrofuran (THF) mass concentration is 45%, dimethylformamide (DMF) mass concentration is 45% to be configured to hydrophobic spinning
Silk liquid, (it is 20- that wherein, electrostatic spinning is in temperature to electrostatic spinning on surface of the hydrophilic layer far from Silk-Like dacron
60 DEG C, humidity 20-50%, syringe is 10-20cm with the recipient distance wrapped up by dacron after handling, for liquid speed
Rate and applied voltage are respectively to carry out under conditions of 1mL/h and 15-30kV) formation hydrophobic layer, drying obtains one-way wet-guide and knits
Object.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric water-oil separating,
Application in sea water desalination or cell separation.
In another aspect of this invention, the present invention provides a kind of clothes, oily-water seperating equipment, desalination plant or
Cell separation apparatus, including mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric.
It should be noted that above-mentioned clothes, oily-water seperating equipment, desalination plant or cell separation apparatus are in addition to packet
It includes except mentioned-above one-way moisture-guiding fabric, further includes conventional garment, oily-water seperating equipment, desalination plant or cell
The structure that separator should have, is illustrated by taking clothes as an example, further includes button, suture etc., no longer excessively goes to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married herein
It states.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of one-way moisture-guiding fabric includes the following steps:
(1) dacron Silk is handled
Dacron is immersed in aqueous slkali, bath raio 1:30, under the conditions of 95 DEG C, handles 60min, washing drying obtains
Silk-Like dacron；Wherein, aqueous slkali includes the sodium hydroxide that mass concentration is 4g/L, and mass concentration is the 12 of 2g/L
Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide；
(2) hydrophobic spinning solution preparation
Polystyrene (PS) is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/dimethylformamide (DMF) in the mixed solvent, is configured to
Hydrophobic spinning solution.Wherein, PS mass concentration be 9.8wt%, SDS mass concentration be 0.2wt%, THF mass concentration be 45wt%,
DMF mass concentration is 45wt%；
(3) electrostatic spinning
In the hydrophobic spinning solution of the single sided deposition of Silk-Like dacron.It is 25 DEG C in temperature, humidity 40%, syringe
Be 20cm at a distance from dacron, feed flow rate and applied voltage are respectively to carry out Static Spinning under conditions of 1mL/h and 20kV
Silk, electrostatic spinning time are 5min, and drying obtains the hydrophobic layer with a thickness of 3 μm, and then obtain one-way moisture-guiding fabric.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, the electrostatic spinning time is
10min, hydrophobic layer is with a thickness of 6 μm.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, the electrostatic spinning time is
20min, hydrophobic layer is with a thickness of 12 μm.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, the electrostatic spinning time is
30min, hydrophobic layer is with a thickness of 18 μm.
Embodiment 5:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, the electrostatic spinning time is
3min, hydrophobic layer is with a thickness of 2 μm.
Embodiment 6:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, it is not contained in aqueous slkali
NaOH, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron are 92.5 °.
Embodiment 7:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, NaOH concentration in aqueous slkali
For 2g/L, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron is 85.3 °.
Embodiment 8:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, NaOH concentration in aqueous slkali
For 4g/L, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron is 82.1 °.
Embodiment 9:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, NaOH concentration in aqueous slkali
For 6g/L, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron is 79.1 °.
Embodiment 10:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, NaOH concentration in aqueous slkali
For 8g/L, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron is 69.4 °.
Embodiment 11:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment one-way moisture-guiding fabric, the difference is that, NaOH concentration in aqueous slkali
For 12g/L, the contact angle of Silk-Like dacron is 54.6 °.
Comparative example 1
The fabric of this comparative example contains only Silk-Like dacron, same as Example 1, the difference is that emulation
Hydrophobic layer is not constructed on silk dacron.
Test example 1
Fabric in embodiment 1-11 and comparative example 1 is carried out parent/hydrophobic layer contact angle respectively, and (wherein, contact angle is surveyed
Test instrument be Kruss company, Germany DSA25E contact angle measurement), water transfering type and water transfer time test, as a result such as table 1
It is shown:
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer for the one-way moisture-guiding fabric that embodiment 1-4 is provided is all remarkably higher than pair
One-way wet-guide can be significantly reduced in the setting of hydrophobic layer by the contact angle for the Silk-Like dacron that ratio 1 provides, this explanation
The surface energy of fabric, so that the hydrophobic performance of one-way moisture-guiding fabric significantly improves.
It can be seen that the increase with hydrophobic layer thickness from embodiment 1-4, water transfer time gradually increases, and its water turns
It moves type and also forms one-way wet-guide → two-way and do not lead wet transformation.Wherein, when hydrophobic layer thickness is at 3-12 μm, fabric exhibits
For one-way wet-guide；When hydrophobic layer Thickness ness be greater than 12 μm, fabric exhibits be it is two-way do not lead it is wet.
It can be seen that the increase with Silk-Like dacron wellability, the one-way wet-guide of fabric from embodiment 6-10
Ability enhancing.
In addition, the weight-loss ratio of embodiment 6-10 is respectively 0,11.3,22.2,26.5 and 35.2wt%.
Embodiment 12:
The preparation method of one-way moisture-guiding fabric includes the following steps:
(1) dacron Silk is handled
Dacron is immersed aqueous slkali, and (wherein, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide is 4g/L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl
The mass concentration of ammonium bromide is 4g/L) in, bath raio 1:30 handles 60min under the conditions of 95 DEG C, and washing drying is emulated
Silk dacron；
(2) hydrophilic spinning film preparation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is dissolved in dehydrated alcohol/water in the mixed solvent, stirs 3h at a certain temperature, is prepared
At hydrophilic spinning solution.Then by electrostatic spinning (wherein, electrostatic spinning be temperature be 35 DEG C, humidity 50%, syringe with
The recipient distance wrapped up by dacron after handling is 15cm, and feed flow rate and applied voltage are respectively 1mL/h and 20kV
Under conditions of carry out) deposit on a surface of Silk-Like dacron hydrophilic spinning film, the electrostatic spinning time is 2h,
Obtain compound fabric.Wherein, PVA mass concentration is 8wt%, and dehydrated alcohol mass concentration is 60wt%, and surplus is water, and temperature is
85℃。
(3) crosslinking Treatment
The compound fabric of above-mentioned acquisition is subjected to crosslinking Treatment in 50% glutaraldehyde steam (vapor (steam) temperature is 60 DEG C),
Hydrophilic layer is obtained, with a thickness of 20 μm.Wherein, the additive amount of glutaraldehyde is glutaraldehyde: polyvinyl alcohol (mass ratio)=20:1, place
The reason time is 0.5h, drying time 36h.
(4) prepared by hydrophobic layer
Polystyrene (PS) is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/dimethylformamide (DMF) in the mixed solvent, in room temperature
Lower stirring 10h, is configured to hydrophobic spinning solution, wherein PS mass concentration is 9.5wt%, and SDS mass concentration is 0.5wt%, THF
Mass concentration is that 45wt%, DMF mass concentration are 45wt%.By electrostatic spinning, (it is 35 that wherein, electrostatic spinning, which is in temperature,
DEG C, humidity 50%, syringe is 15cm, feed flow rate and application with the recipient distance wrapped up by dacron after handling
Voltage is respectively to carry out under conditions of 1mL/h and 20kV) in surface shape of the above-mentioned Silk-Like dacron far from hydrophilic layer
At hydrophobic layer, one-way moisture-guiding fabric is obtained.
Embodiment 13:
The present embodiment prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, prepare hydrophilic spinning film
When the electrostatic spinning time be 4h, hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 33.3 μm.
Embodiment 14:
The present embodiment prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, prepare hydrophilic spinning film
When the electrostatic spinning time be 6h, hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 52.6 μm.
Embodiment 15:
The present embodiment prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, prepare hydrophilic spinning film
When the electrostatic spinning time be 8h, hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 69.0 μm.
Embodiment 16:
The present embodiment prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, prepare hydrophilic spinning film
When the electrostatic spinning time be 10h, hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 83.0 μm.
Embodiment 17:
The present embodiment prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, prepare hydrophilic spinning film
When the electrostatic spinning time be 0h, hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 0 μm.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example prepares the method for one-way moisture-guiding fabric with embodiment 12, the difference is that, it is washed without Silk-Like
Synthetic fibre fabric.
Test example 2
(wherein, one-way moisture-guiding fabric in embodiment 12-17 and comparative example 2 is subjected to parent/hydrophobic layer contact angle respectively
Contact angle test instrument be Kruss company, Germany DSA25E contact angle measurement), tensile strength (wherein, mechanical property tester
For the 2366 omnipotent strength tester of type of U.S.'s Instron (Instron) LEGEND), water transfer time and break through pressure test, knot
Fruit is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
From table 2 it can be seen that the one-way moisture-guiding fabric that embodiment 12-15 is provided, with the increase of hydrophilic layer thickness, water exists
The unidirectional transfer time of fabric hydrophobic side and breakthrough pressure all show the trend for first increasing and reducing afterwards, and shift in its water-wet side water
Time is without significant changes, but it is broken through pressure and then gradually increases.The tensile strength for the one-way moisture-guiding fabric that embodiment 12-17 is provided is all
It is significantly higher than the tensile strength of the one-way moisture-guiding fabric of the offer of comparative example 2, this illustrates that the setting of Silk-Like dacron can be with
Significantly improve the mechanical property of one-way moisture-guiding fabric.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of one-way moisture-guiding fabric characterized by comprising
Textile matrix；
Hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer is arranged on a surface of the textile matrix, and the hydrophobic layer is to pass through electrostatic
What spinning was formed；
The porosity of the textile matrix is 58.3-63.4%, and the porosity of the hydrophobic layer is 23.6-53.4%.
2. one-way moisture-guiding fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aperture in the hole in the textile matrix is
12.3-13.7 μm, the aperture in the hole in the hydrophobic layer is 2.5-11.4 μm；
Preferably, the contact angle of the textile matrix is 69.4-92.5 °, and the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is 132.0-
145.0°；
Preferably, the textile matrix with a thickness of 97-103 μm, the hydrophobic layer with a thickness of 3.0-12.0 μm.
3. one-way moisture-guiding fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydrophobic layer is mainly by following quality point
What several raw materials was prepared: polystyrene 6-15wt%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 0.2-1wt%, tetrahydrofuran 0-90wt%
And dimethylformamide 0-90wt%；
Preferably, the material of the textile matrix includes dacron and/or cotton fabric.
4. one-way moisture-guiding fabric according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that further include:
Hydrophilic layer, the hydrophilic layer are arranged on surface of the textile matrix far from the hydrophobic layer；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer is formed using electrostatic spinning；
Preferably, the porosity of the hydrophilic layer is 15.4-47.2%；
Preferably, the aperture of the hydrophilic layer mesoporous is 1.4-6.1 μm；
Preferably, the contact angle of the hydrophilic layer is 68.0-78.0 °；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer with a thickness of 20.0-70.0 μm；
Preferably, the hydrophilic layer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass fraction: polyvinyl alcohol 5-15wt%, ethyl alcohol
60-94wt%, surplus are water.
5. a kind of preparation method of the described in any item one-way moisture-guiding fabrics of claim 1-4 characterized by comprising
Hydrophobic layer is formed on the first surface of textile matrix by the first electrostatic spinning.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include: using the second electrostatic spinning in textile
Hydrophilic layer is formed on the second surface of matrix；
Preferably, the condition of first electrostatic spinning and second electrostatic spinning include each independently it is following at least it
One: 20-60 DEG C of temperature, preferably 23-27 DEG C；Humidity 20-50%, preferably 35-45%；Distance 10-20cm is received, preferably
20cm；Feed flow rate 1-3mL/h, preferably 1mL/h；Voltage is 15-30kV, preferably 20kV；And drying temperature is 40-65
℃。
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the hydrophilic layer is to be prepared by the following method to obtain
:
Before forming hydrophobic layer, hydrophilic spinning film is formed on the second surface of textile matrix by the second electrostatic spinning,
Crosslinking Treatment is carried out to the hydrophilic spinning film and obtains the hydrophilic layer；
Preferably, the crosslinking Treatment, the matter of the polyvinyl alcohol in the glutaraldehyde and the hydrophilic layer are carried out using glutaraldehyde
Amount is than being 15-30:1；
Preferably, it is 50-70 DEG C that the condition of the crosslinking Treatment, which includes: temperature, and the time of crosslinking Treatment is 0.4-0.6h, dry
Time is 34-38h.
8. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 5-7, which is characterized in that the textile matrix passes through Silk
Processing；
Preferably, it includes at least one of following raw material that the Silk, which handles used solution: sodium hydroxide 2-10g/L,
Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide 2-10g/L；
Preferably, it is 1:30 that the condition of the Silk processing, which includes: bath raio, and temperature is 80-99 DEG C, time 50-70min.
9. a kind of described in any item one-way moisture-guiding fabrics of claim 1-4 are separated in water-oil separating, sea water desalination or cell
In application.
10. a kind of clothes, oily-water seperating equipment, desalination plant or cell separation apparatus, which is characterized in that including right
It is required that the described in any item one-way moisture-guiding fabrics of 1-4.
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| CN111535024A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-14 | 上海工程技术大学 | Non-woven fabric with sweat ultra-fast evaporation and one-way moisture permeability and preparation method thereof |
| CN111634091A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-09-08 | 上海工程技术大学 | Unidirectional moisture-conducting textile composite material with Janus structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111926570A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-13 | 北京服装学院 | Janus fabric film based on polylactic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112251919A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉纺织大学 | Unidirectional moisture-transmitting fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN113119551A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Composite fiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113186730A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-30 | 五邑大学 | One-way moisture-conducting material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115071232A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 福建省谷鸿新材料科技有限公司 | Intelligent unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111535024A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-14 | 上海工程技术大学 | Non-woven fabric with sweat ultra-fast evaporation and one-way moisture permeability and preparation method thereof |
| CN111634091A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-09-08 | 上海工程技术大学 | Unidirectional moisture-conducting textile composite material with Janus structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111535024B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-10-14 | 上海工程技术大学 | Non-woven fabric with ultra-fast sweat evaporation and one-way moisture-conducting performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111926570A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-13 | 北京服装学院 | Janus fabric film based on polylactic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111926570B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-04-28 | 北京服装学院 | Polylactic acid-based Janus fabric membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112251919A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉纺织大学 | Unidirectional moisture-transmitting fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN113186730A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-30 | 五邑大学 | One-way moisture-conducting material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113119551A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Composite fiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113119551B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2023-02-17 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Composite fiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115071232A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 福建省谷鸿新材料科技有限公司 | Intelligent unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric and preparation method thereof |
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