CN107541944A - A kind of modified acrylic fibre, quick-drying shell fabric and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of modified acrylic fibre, quick-drying shell fabric and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107541944A CN107541944A CN201710763317.4A CN201710763317A CN107541944A CN 107541944 A CN107541944 A CN 107541944A CN 201710763317 A CN201710763317 A CN 201710763317A CN 107541944 A CN107541944 A CN 107541944A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to textile clothing field, and in particular to a kind of modified acrylic fibre, quick-drying shell fabric and preparation method and application.The preparation method of described modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：Polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, nano-calcium carbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and organic solvent mixing, obtain spinning solution；Spinning solution carries out spinning, obtains composite fibre；Handled after composite fibre washing in chitosan/acetic acid solution；Wash, stretch again, curling, drying oils, and obtains modified acrylic fibre.Present invention also offers a kind of quick-drying shell fabric for including above-mentioned modified acrylic fibre.Modified acrylic fibre produced by the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of unmodified polypropylene nitrile fiber is moist poor, regain is low, easy electrostatic, has good water imbibition, hygroscopicity, antistatic and antibacterial effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to textile clothing field, and in particular to a kind of modified acrylic fibre, quick-drying shell fabric and its preparation
Method and application.
Background technology
Acrylic fibers are called in China by the polyacrylonitrile that du pont company is developed into, so-called acrylic fiber refers in fiber
Contain the EVA of the acrylonitrile no less than 85% in weight percent.Acrylic fibers occupy critically important position in synthetic fibers,
And China it is with the fastest developing speed, early in the 1950s China begun to study acrylic fibers.Acrylic fiber
With excellent physical and mechanical properties, very many performances are similar with wool, have been even more than wool, therefore are known as " artificial
The title of wool ".The advantages of acrylic fibers is soft, the elasticity of compression is good, warmth retention property is good, have bright-coloured color and luster, fluffy outward appearance,
And excellent intensity, while also there is good moulding processability, obtained in terms of engineering plastics, fibrous material extensively
Using.
But the compact structure of acrylic fibers, lacking hydrophilic radical, dyeing is difficult, intrinsic biological hygroscopicity is poor, regain is low,
Easy pilling, easily play the expansion that the deficiencies of electrostatic part constrains its application, therefore, study hydrophilic acrylic fibers have it is important
Meaning.Hydrophilic acrylic fiber can meet composite request of the people to garment material comfortableness and health, researcher
Further exploitation can also be needed to design a series of textile and clothing production of functionalization, ecology, market potential according to people
It is huge, have a extensive future.From the point of view of the purposes of product, acrylic fibers hydrophilic modifying new product is widely used.Except for sportswear, leisure
Dress etc., also, such as military uniform, aviation and wide, will can also make high-grade coat, sport shirt, children towards multidirectional development
Daily living articles such as womenswear, bedding etc..At medical aspect, high water absorption acrylic fabric has also obtained widely should
With medical operating coat, hemostatic gauze etc. can all make of highly hygroscopic acrylic fibers, and it not only can promptly absorb body fluid and blood
Liquid, it can also keep and the surface dry of human contact, cleaning.
At present, the method for hydrophilic modifying acrylic fibers mainly has grafting copolymerization process, co-blended spinning method etc..Wherein, grafting copolymerization process
The shortcomings that be that hydroaropic substance grafting rate is difficult to control, the low then Hydrophilic Fiber energy unobvious of grafting rate, grafting rate height is then fine
Tieing up original mechanical property can reduce, and this method step is complicated, and cost is higher.And co-blended spinning method is higher for equipment requirement,
Need to carry out solution-polymerized SBR or melt spinning by spinning-drawing machine.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and shortcoming, primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of modified polyacrylonitrile
The preparation method of fiber.
The modified acrylic fibre being prepared another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned preparation method.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a kind of quick-drying shell fabric, the fabric includes above-mentioned modified acrylic fibre.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned modified acrylic fibre and quick-drying shell fabric in functional fabric
Application in field.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, nano-calcium carbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and organic solvent are mixed, spun
Silk stock solution；Spinning solution carries out spinning, obtains composite fibre；
(2) 50~70 DEG C of 55~70h of washing of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) composite fibre after step (2) is washed handles 4~48h for 60~80 DEG C in chitosan/acetic acid solution；
(4) composite fibre after step (3) processing is washed again；
(5) composite fibre after step (4) is washed stretches, and curling, drying oils, and obtains modified acrylic fibre；
The mean molecule quantity of polyacrylonitrile described in step (1) is preferably 3~40,000；
The particle diameter of nano-calcium carbonate described in step (1) is preferably 0.05~0.1 μm；
The concentration of polyacrylonitrile is preferably 25~30%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 3~4%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is preferably 1~5%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is more preferably 2~3%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferably 3~8%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferably 4~5%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
Organic solvent described in step (1) is preferably dimethylformamide (DMF)；
Spinning described in step (1) is conventional spinning, preferably dry spinning；
The speed of spinning described in step (1) is preferably 150~250m/min；
The condition of washing described in step (2) is preferably 55~65 DEG C of 60~65h of washing；
Acetate concentration is preferably 5~10%w/w in chitosan/acetic acid solution described in step (3), and chitosan concentration is excellent
Elect 5~10mg/mL as；
The condition of processing described in step (3) is preferably 65~75 DEG C of 10~40h of processing；
The condition of washing described in step (4) is preferably 30~40 DEG C of washing 30min~2h；
The multiple of stretching described in step (5) is preferably 3~5 times, and the temperature of stretching is preferably 120~140 DEG C；
A kind of modified acrylic fibre, it is prepared by above-mentioned preparation method；
A kind of quick-drying shell fabric, include above-mentioned modified acrylic fibre；
The preparation method of described quick-drying shell fabric, is comprised the following steps：
By the spinning of above-mentioned modified acrylic fibre, knitting, quick-drying shell fabric is obtained；
Application of the described modified acrylic fibre and quick-drying shell fabric in functional fabric field；
The principle of the present invention：
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies of polyacrylonitrile hygroscopicity is poor, regain is low, easy electrostatic, is scattered using polyvinyl alcohol
Agent, inorganic nano calcium carbonate, organic polyethylene pyrrolidones are pore-foaming agent, make obtained polyacrylonitrile fibre structure microporous,
Wherein, on the one hand the polyacrylonitrile fibre after spinning moulding removes solvent, another aspect pore-foaming agent polyethylene pyrrole after washing
After pyrrolidone is dissolved in water, fibrous inside and surface form the uniform micropore in a large amount of apertures；Fiber after washing is further used
The processing of chitosan/acetic acid solution, the calcium carbonate and acetic acid reaction of one side fiber surface, is formed not of uniform size in fiber surface
The micropore and depression that depression and cavity, pore-foaming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and calcium carbonate are formed are mutually communicated, form the more of one
Pore structure and then play a part of the polyvinyl alcohol collective effect that is blended in water suction and water conservation, with fiber, improve the water suction of fiber
Property；Another aspect chitosan can be connected on fiber by grafting and looping, be total to the polyvinylpyrrolidone of fibrous inside residual
Same-action, improve fiber hygroscopicity.In addition, the present invention overcomes dry spinning and uses dimethylformamide by washing three times
The defects of as solvent so that the solvent in fiber is removed completely.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to prior art and effect：
(1) present invention is modified by physical treatment with reference to chemically treated mode to polyacrylonitrile, is significantly improved
The water imbibition and hygroscopicity of polyacrylonitrile, and washing fastness is good, action effect is lasting, wherein, relative to base extraction, the present invention
Micropore is formed using nano-calcium carbonate and the acetic acid reaction of appropriate particle size, almost destroys that (acid resistance of acrylic fibers is excellent to polyacrylonitrile
In alkali resistance).
(2) present invention overcomes dry spinning and uses the defects of dimethylformamide is as solvent, make by washing three times
The solvent obtained in fiber is removed completely.
(3) modified acrylic fibre produced by the present invention overcomes the moist poor, regain of unmodified polypropylene nitrile fiber
Low, easy the shortcomings of playing electrostatic, there is good water imbibition, hygroscopicity, antistatic and antibacterial effect.
(4) modified acrylic fibre produced by the present invention improves the wearability of fiber, improves its obtained spinning
The comfortableness of fabric, the situation that common acrylic fibers are unsuitable for making spring and autumn clothes is changed, four seasons clothes, underwear, motion can be made
Shirt, nightwear and bedding etc..
(5) preparation method provided by the invention is simple to operate, and cost is low, suitable for industrialized production.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by polyacrylonitrile (mean molecule quantity 40000), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-1799), nano-calcium carbonate (particle diameter 0.05
~0.08 μm), polyvinylpyrrolidone K60 and organic solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) mixing, obtain spinning solution；Spinning
Stoste carries out dry spinning, spinning speed 200m/min；Obtain composite fibre；Wherein, in spinning solution polyacrylonitrile it is dense
Spend for 28%w/w, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 3.5%w/w, and the concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 3%w/w, polyvinylpyrrolidone
Concentration be 5%w/w；
(2) 60 DEG C of washing 65h of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) composite fibre after step (2) is washed is in chitosan/acetic acid solution (acetate concentration 8%w/w, chitosan
Concentration is 9mg/mL) in 75 DEG C processing 30h；
(4) 37 DEG C of composite fibre after step (3) processing is washed into 1h again；
(5) the composite fibre stretching (draw ratio is 4.5 times, and draft temperature is 125 DEG C) after step (4) is washed, volume
Song, drying oil, and obtain modified acrylic fibre；
(6) modified acrylic fibre made from step (5) is conventionally spinned, be knitted, obtain quick-drying shell fabric.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by polyacrylonitrile (mean molecule quantity 30000), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-1799), nano-calcium carbonate (particle diameter 0.06
~0.09 μm), polyvinylpyrrolidone K60 and organic solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) mixing, obtain spinning solution；Spinning
Stoste carries out dry spinning, spinning speed 150m/min；Obtain composite fibre；Wherein, in spinning solution polyacrylonitrile it is dense
Spend for 30%w/w, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 3%w/w, and the concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 5%w/w, polyvinylpyrrolidone
Concentration is 3%w/w；
(2) 50 DEG C of washing 70h of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) composite fibre after step (2) is washed is in chitosan/acetic acid solution (acetate concentration 5%w/w, chitosan
Concentration is 5mg/mL) in 80 DEG C processing 4h；
(4) 30 DEG C of composite fibre after step (3) processing is washed into 2h again；
(5) the composite fibre stretching (draw ratio is 3 times, and draft temperature is 130 DEG C) after step (4) is washed, curling,
Drying oils, and obtains modified acrylic fibre；
(6) modified acrylic fibre made from step (5) is conventionally spinned, be knitted, obtain quick-drying shell fabric.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by polyacrylonitrile (mean molecule quantity 40000), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-1788), nano-calcium carbonate (particle diameter 0.07
~0.1 μm), polyvinylpyrrolidone K80 and organic solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) mixing, obtain spinning solution；Spin spinning
Stoste carries out dry spinning, spinning speed 250m/min；Obtain composite fibre；Wherein, in spinning solution polyacrylonitrile it is dense
Spend for 25%w/w, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 4%w/w, and the concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 1%w/w, polyvinylpyrrolidone
Concentration is 8%w/w；
(2) 70 DEG C of washing 55h of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) in chitosan/acetic acid solution, (acetate concentration 10%w/w, shell gather the composite fibre after step (2) is washed
Sugared concentration is 10mg/mL) in 60 DEG C processing 48h；
(4) 40 DEG C of composite fibre after step (3) processing is washed into 30min again；
(5) the composite fibre stretching (draw ratio is 5 times, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C) after step (4) is washed, curling,
Drying oils, and obtains modified acrylic fibre；
(6) modified acrylic fibre made from step (5) is conventionally spinned, be knitted, obtain quick-drying shell fabric.
Comparative example 1
A kind of preparation method of polyacrylonitrile fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) polyacrylonitrile (mean molecule quantity 40000) and organic solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) mixing, obtain spinning
Stoste；Spinning solution carries out dry spinning, spinning speed 200m/min；Obtain composite fibre；Wherein, poly- third in spinning solution
The concentration of alkene nitrile is 28%w/w；
(2) 60 DEG C of washing 65h of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) the composite fibre stretching (draw ratio is 4.5 times, and draft temperature is 125 DEG C) after step (2) is washed, volume
Song, drying oil, and obtain polyacrylonitrile fibre；
(4) polyacrylonitrile fibre made from step (3) is conventionally spinned, be knitted, obtain common fabric 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, is comprised the following steps：
(1) polyacrylonitrile (mean molecule quantity 40000), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-1799), nano-calcium carbonate (particle diameter 0.05~
0.08 μm), polyvinylpyrrolidone K60 and organic solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) mixing, obtain spinning solution；Spinning is former
Liquid carries out dry spinning, spinning speed 200m/min；Obtain composite fibre；Wherein, in spinning solution polyacrylonitrile concentration
For 28%w/w, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 3.5%w/w, and the concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 3%w/w, polyvinylpyrrolidone
Concentration is 5%w/w；
(2) 60 DEG C of washing 65h of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) the composite fibre stretching (draw ratio is 4.5 times, and draft temperature is 125 DEG C) after step (2) is washed, volume
Song, drying oil, and obtain modified acrylic fibre；
(4) modified acrylic fibre made from step (3) is conventionally spinned, be knitted, obtain common fabric
2。
Effect example
(1) water absorbing properties are tested
Common fabric is cut into 3 fritter samples made from quick-drying shell fabric made from Example 1~3 or comparative example 1~2,
Record its initial mass (M1).Sample input is filled in the beaker of water, and infiltrates 1h wherein, is sucked and knitted with filter paper after taking-up
The moisture content on thing surface weighs its quality (M to being dripped naturally without water droplet2), and water absorption rate is calculated, the average value of 3 results is taken,
Water absorption rate is calculated with following formula：
M=(M2-M1)/M1
M is water absorption rate in formula, M1It is the dry weight of fabric, M2It is the weight expected below that absorbs water.
(2) regain is tested
The ratio between mass change and sample dry weight before and after sample moisture absorption are the regain of sample.
As a result as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, compared with comparative example 1 and 2, quick-drying shell fabric made from embodiment 1~3 has
More preferable water imbibition and hygroscopicity.
The water absorbing properties analysis of fabric made from the embodiment 1~3 of table 1 and comparative example 1~2
The moisture pick-up properties analysis of fabric made from the embodiment 1~3 of table 2 and comparative example 1~2
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of modified acrylic fibre, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, nano-calcium carbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and organic solvent mixing, obtain spinning original
Liquid；Spinning solution carries out spinning, obtains composite fibre；
(2) 50~70 DEG C of 55~70h of washing of composite fibre for obtaining step (1) spinning；
(3) composite fibre after step (2) is washed handles 4~48h for 60~80 DEG C in chitosan/acetic acid solution；
(4) composite fibre after step (3) processing is washed again；
(5) composite fibre after step (4) is washed stretches, and curling, drying oils, and obtains modified acrylic fibre.
2. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The particle diameter of nano-calcium carbonate described in step (1) is 0.05~0.1 μm.
3. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The concentration of polyacrylonitrile is 25~30%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 3~4%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 1~5%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3~8%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1).
4. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The concentration of nano-calcium carbonate is 2~3%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1)；
The concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 4~5%w/w in spinning solution described in step (1).
5. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Organic solvent described in step (1) is dimethylformamide；
Spinning described in step (1) is dry spinning.
6. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Acetate concentration is 5~10%w/w in chitosan/acetic acid solution described in step (3), and chitosan concentration is 5~10mg/
mL。
7. the preparation method of modified acrylic fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The condition of washing described in step (2) is 55~65 DEG C of 60~65h of washing；
The condition of processing described in step (3) is 65~75 DEG C of 10~40h of processing；
The condition of washing described in step (4) is 30~40 DEG C of washing 30min~2h.
8. a kind of modified acrylic fibre, it is characterised in that prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claim 1~7
Obtain.
9. a kind of quick-drying shell fabric, it is characterised in that include the modified acrylic fibre described in claim 8.
The answering in functional fabric field of the quick-drying shell fabric described in modified acrylic fibre and claim 9 described in 10.
With.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117468115A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-30 | 潍坊维尼新材料有限公司 | Deodorizing composite functional nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106555248A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The preparation method of moisture absorption acrylon |
| CN106917152A (en) * | 2017-02-26 | 2017-07-04 | 浙江峰赫纺织有限公司 | A kind of high water absorption acrylic fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103320889A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-25 | 上海贵达科技有限公司 | Hydrophilic hygroscopic and sweat-releasing polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
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