CN110336086B - Formation process of liquid-enriched lead storage battery and lead storage battery - Google Patents
Formation process of liquid-enriched lead storage battery and lead storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110336086B CN110336086B CN201910488364.1A CN201910488364A CN110336086B CN 110336086 B CN110336086 B CN 110336086B CN 201910488364 A CN201910488364 A CN 201910488364A CN 110336086 B CN110336086 B CN 110336086B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of lead storage batteries, and provides a formation process of a flooded lead storage battery and the lead storage batteryThe hours are distributed according to the weight and the polarity of the lead plaster, the charging amount of the positive lead plaster is 0.5-0.7 Ah/g and is the total charging amount of the battery, and then the charging amount of the negative lead plaster is 0.28-0.32 Ah/g and is decomposed from the total charging amount; the charging amount of the negative electrode lead paste is 0.28-0.32 Ah/g, the proportion of the remaining total charging amount is 76-82%, the proportion of the remaining total charging amount is 18-24%, and the positive electrode plate PbO is formed after the battery is formed2The content and the Pb content of the negative plate are higher than those of the negative plate prepared by the common process, so that the charging and discharging performance is better, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lead storage batteries, relates to a formation process of a flooded lead storage battery, and particularly relates to a formation process of a flooded lead storage battery and a lead storage battery.
Background
Formation charging of lead-acid battery is that electrons flow from positive electrode to negative electrode, as shown in figure 1, and PbO is formed during formation of positive electrode plate2The formation process of (2) is not exactly the same as that of the negative plate, and the formation process starts from the position where the grid rib is closest to the solution, but the generated PbO2Forming a network surrounding the lead sulfate, in each cell of the grid, PbO2The generation of the lead plaster is gradually promoted to the center of the small product from the position close to the grid rib at the periphery until the lead sulfate enclosed in the later stage and the center of each small product are completely converted into PbO2. FIG. 1 shows the active material PbO in the formation process of the positive and negative electrodes2And growth state of lead.
Therefore, the formation of the negative plate is always completed first and the formation of the positive plate is always completed later because the formation directions of the positive plate and the negative plate are different.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a flooded lead storage battery formation process and a lead storage battery.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a flooded lead storage battery formation process comprises the steps of distributing charging ampere hours according to the weight and polarity of lead plaster, taking the charging amount of 0.5-0.7 Ah/g of positive lead plaster as the total charging amount of a battery, and decomposing the charging amount of 0.28-0.32 Ah/g of negative lead plaster from the total charging amount;
the formation process comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the rated capacity of the battery, the amount of positive plate lead paste, the amount of negative plate lead paste, the number of positive plate pieces and the number of negative plate pieces;
s2, calculating the total amount, wherein the formula is that the total amount is the positive plate lead paste amount multiplied by the number of the positive plate pieces multiplied by 0.5-0.7 Ah/g;
s3, calculating the first-step formation charge quantity, wherein the formula is that the first-step formation charge quantity is equal to the negative plate lead paste quantity multiplied by the negative plate number multiplied by 0.28-0.32 Ah/g;
s4, calculating a second-step formation charging quantity, wherein the formula is that the second-step formation charging quantity is (total formation quantity-first-step formation charging quantity) x 76-82%;
s5, calculating the third formation charging amount, wherein the formula is that the third formation charging amount is (total formation amount-first formation charging amount) multiplied by 18-24%;
s6, starting formation charging;
the first stage is as follows: charging the first step formation charge amount into the battery;
and a second stage: stopping charging and standing;
and a third stage: charging the battery with the second step formation charge amount;
a fourth stage: stopping charging and standing;
the fifth stage: and charging the battery with the third formed charging amount.
The positive lead paste can be calculated according to 0.5-0.7 Ah/g, the formation is calculated by current and time, when the current and the time are less than 0.5, the formation time needs to be increased, large-scale production is not facilitated, and therefore 0.5-0.7 Ah/g calculation is recommended; if the current is more than 0.7, the formation process may generate heat due to excessive current, thereby causing potential safety hazards. Similarly, the cathode lead paste can be calculated as 0.28-0.32 Ah/g, and the cathode is relatively easy to form and should not be too large.
The positive paste amount is larger than the negative paste amount in most cases, and the negative paste is preferably considered in the first formation because the negative paste amount is smaller than the positive paste and the negative paste is relatively easy to form, and after the first formation is finished, the negative paste is not completely converted, but after the first formation is finished, the degree of formation of the negative electrode is certainly larger than that of the positive paste, so that a considerable part of the positive paste needs to be urgently formed, namely, the second formation charging amount is equal to (total formation amount-first formation charging amount) x 76-82%. Similarly, the charge amount of the third formation is (total formation amount-charge amount of the first formation) x 18 to 24%.
Preferably, the charge amount per 0.5Ah/g of the positive electrode lead paste is the total charge amount of the battery.
Preferably, the amount of charge of the negative electrode lead paste 0.28Ah/g is decomposed from the total amount of charge.
Preferably, the charge amount of the second formation step is (total formation amount-charge amount of the first formation step) × 80%.
Preferably, the third formation charge amount is (total formation amount-first formation charge amount) × 20%.
Preferably, in the step S6, the second stage is left standing for 1.5 to 3 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, the standing time in the fourth stage is 1 to 2 hours.
Preferably, the formation process is used for formation of 46B24R batteries.
Preferably, the battery acid addition density is 1.00 to 1.30g/mL (25 ℃). The conversion process of the active substance in the formation is dependent on the concentration of sulfuric acid used. When a very dilute sulfuric acid or sodium sulfate solution is used as the chemical conversion solution, the positive electrode plate can also expand the conversion of the active material from the surface of the positive electrode plate to the depth of the positive electrode plate, like the negative electrode plate, but the chemical conversion rate is reduced.
Preferably, the cell acid addition density is 1.19g/mL (25 ℃ C.).
Preferably, the acid adding amount is 450-500 mL/unit cell.
Preferably, the amount of acid added is 480 mL/cell.
The flooded lead storage battery is formed by adopting the formation process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method comprises the first step of forming the anode lead paste according to the charging amount of 0.28Ah/g, the second step of forming the anode lead paste according to the proportion of 76-82% of the remaining total charging amount, and the third step of forming the anode lead paste according to the proportion of 18-24% of the remaining total charging amount,positive plate PbO after battery formation2The content and the Pb content of the negative plate are higher than those of the negative plate prepared by the common process, so that the charging and discharging performance is better, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
2. PbO for positive plate2The content and the Pb content of the negative plate are higher than those of the common process, so that the storage battery has good initial performance.
3. Because the formation process adopts a step-by-step rest type design, the electrochemical polarization phenomenon in the charging process is effectively buffered, the conversion of active substances is more uniform and thorough, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
4. Because no large current is adopted in the whole formation process, the temperature in the formation process is controlled below 40 ℃, the high-temperature volatilization phenomenon of the organic matter additive in the negative lead paste is effectively protected, and the low-temperature performance of the battery is favorably maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the transformation direction of lead paste in formation.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
1. The battery model is as follows: 46B24R, rated capacity 45 Ah. The number of the single pole plates is +5/-6, the amount of the positive pole plate lead paste is 88 g/plate, and the amount of the negative pole plate lead paste is 60 g/plate.
2. The acid addition density of the battery is 1.19g/mL (25 ℃), and the acid addition amount is 480 mL/cell.
3. And (3) calculating the formation charge amount:
3.1, total charge of the assembly: 88X 5X 0.5 ═ 220Ah
3.2, first step formation charge amount: 60 × 6 × 0.28 ≈ 100.8Ah ≈ 101Ah
3.3, second formation charge: (220-101). times.0.8 ≈ 95.2Ah 95Ah
3.4, second formation charge: (220-101). times.0.2 ≈ 23.8Ah 24Ah
4. Formation charging process:
the number of the positive plates is 5, and the positive plates are connected in parallel. Although the first formation process is charging according to the amount of the lead paste of the negative electrode, current flows from the positive electrode to the negative electrode during charging, each charging current is 3A, so that 15A current is adopted, and the charging amount is designed to be 101Ah in the first formation process, so that the time is 7 h. 15 × 7 > 105, indicating reasonable charging. If the temperature is more than 15A, the polarization and the temperature rise are accelerated, and if the temperature is less than 15A, the defects of prolonging the production period and the like can be caused by the high-temperature volatilization phenomenon of the organic matter additive in the negative lead paste.
The current amount of the first, third and fifth stages is gradually reduced because the battery temperature is certainly increased after the first stage formation, if the current is not reduced at this time, the temperature is required to be continuously increased, the formation is not facilitated, the current ampere number is designed according to the greatest common divisor of the number of positive plates, and the charging process can be better completed.
The relation between the capacity of the lead storage battery and the voltage is linear, when the storage battery is discharged in a full charge state, the storage battery is discharged at a constant current, the initial voltage is slowly reduced, the middle-stage voltage is accelerated to be reduced, and the later-stage voltage is rapidly reduced. Similarly, if the first-stage current constant-current charging is adopted, the voltage rises sharply along with the formation time, the electrochemical polarization increases, and meanwhile, a part of current can generate electrolyzed water, so the current-reducing formation process is adopted, the voltage in the formation process is balanced, the voltage rises stably, and the phenomenon of electrolyzed water is reduced.
5. Test of
Taking 15 batteries after formation, carrying out relevant tests, and comparing the results as follows:
5.1, positive lead paste PbO2Content table, negative pole diachylon Pb content comparison table:
as can be seen from the above table, the positive electrode plate PbO of the battery produced by the battery formation process of the present invention2The content is higher than that of the common process by 7.56 percent, the content of Pb of the negative plate is higher than that of the common process by 4.91 percent, and the content of PbO of the positive plate is higher than that of the positive plate2The content and the Pb content of the negative plate are higher than those of the common process, so that the storage battery has good initial performance and charge-discharge performance; the formation process adopts a step-by-step rest type design, effectively buffers the electrochemical polarization phenomenon in the charging process, ensures that the conversion of active substances is more uniform and thorough, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the battery; in the whole formation process, large current is not adopted, so the temperature in the formation process is controlled below 40 ℃, the high-temperature volatilization phenomenon of the organic matter additive in the negative lead paste is effectively protected, and the low-temperature performance of the battery is favorably maintained.
5.2, 20hr Capacity comparison Table:
the 20hr capacity is the current value of rated capacity value 1/20, which is an index for detecting whether the formation of battery is complete, the low current long-time discharge mode has very strict requirement on the conversion rate of active material, if the formation is not complete, it shows that the content of lead sulfate is high, and the electricity can not be discharged completely under the condition of deep discharge, so the accumulator made by new technology has good 20hr capacity.
350A current discharge (namely, heavy current discharge, also called high-rate discharge), namely, more reactants participate in a short time to release more electric quantity, so that the battery formation is required to be thorough, active substances are uniformly distributed, the particle size is uniform,the standard of measurement is that the battery voltage is more than or equal to 7.2V in 30s, and when the battery voltage value at 30s is higher, the battery performance is better. It can be seen from the above data that the performance of the new process is significantly higher than that of the conventional process because the formation current is reasonably distributed to make H in the electrolyte+And SO42-The moving speed of the organic compound is kept in relative balance with the moving speed of electrons, namely, the electrochemical polarization is effectively controlled, and the temperature control in the formation process effectively improves the uniform conversion degree of the active substances.
Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A flooded lead storage battery formation process is characterized in that charging ampere hours are distributed according to the weight and polarity of lead paste, the charging amount of positive lead paste is 0.5-0.7 Ah/g and is taken as the total charging amount of a battery, and then the charging amount of negative lead paste is 0.28-0.32 Ah/g and is decomposed from the total charging amount; the formation process comprises the following steps: s1, determining the rated capacity of the battery, the amount of positive plate lead paste, the amount of negative plate lead paste, the number of positive plate pieces and the number of negative plate pieces; s2, calculating the total amount, wherein the formula is that the total amount is the positive plate lead paste amount multiplied by the number of the positive plate pieces multiplied by 0.5-0.7 Ah/g; s3, calculating the first-step formation charge quantity, wherein the formula is that the first-step formation charge quantity is equal to the negative plate lead paste quantity multiplied by the negative plate number multiplied by 0.28-0.32 Ah/g; s4, calculating a second-step formation charging quantity, wherein the formula is that the second-step formation charging quantity is (total formation quantity-first-step formation charging quantity) x 76-82%; s5, calculating the third formation charging amount, wherein the formula is that the third formation charging amount is (total formation amount-first formation charging amount) multiplied by 18-24%; s6, starting formation charging; the first stage is as follows: charging the first step formation charge amount into the battery; and a second stage: stopping charging and standing; and a third stage: charging the battery with the second step formation charge amount; a fourth stage: stopping charging and standing; the fifth stage: and charging the battery with the third formed charging amount.
2. A flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the total formation amount is equal to the positive plate lead paste amount x the number of positive plate pieces x 0.5 Ah/g.
3. A flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the first formation charge amount is negative plate lead paste amount x negative plate number x 0.28 Ah/g.
4. The flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the second formation charge amount is (total formation amount — first formation charge amount) × 80%.
5. The flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the third formation charge amount is (total formation amount — first formation charge amount) × 20%.
6. A flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the second stage is kept still for 1.5 to 3 hours; and the standing time of the fourth stage is 1-2 hours.
7. The formation process of the flooded lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the acid addition density of the battery is 1.00-1.30 g/mL at 25 ℃.
8. A flooded lead storage battery formation process according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the acid addition amount is 450 to 500mL per cell.
9. The flooded lead storage battery formation process of claim 1, wherein the formation process is used for formation of 46B24R type batteries.
10. A flooded lead storage battery, characterized in that the flooded lead storage battery is formed by the formation process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN112786976B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-06-21 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Formation method of AGM valve-controlled lead storage battery |
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| CN101807723B (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2015-04-08 | 衡阳瑞达电源有限公司 | Lead-acid battery and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102306799B (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2014-12-10 | 衡阳瑞达电源有限公司 | Deep cycle-resistant lead-acid storage battery plate and manufacturing method |
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