CN110333033A - A kind of scaling method based on transducer sensitivity difference dynamometer - Google Patents
A kind of scaling method based on transducer sensitivity difference dynamometer Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of scaling method based on transducer sensitivity difference dynamometer, using translatable main to power load maintainer, guarantee main to be overlapped to the loading force line of force with the axis of piezoelectric force unit；By the main Xiang Li of step-loaded full scale, repeatedly and output voltage is recorded；Data are handled, the power electricity conversion coefficient and its deviation of each piezoelectric force transducer is calculated；Central point calibration experiment is carried out to dynamometer, its correction factor for stablizing output is calculated using the reality output and theoretical output of dynamometer central point, in conjunction with load cell power electricity conversion coefficient and its deviation, by it is main to output be decomposed into and stablize output and fluctuation output two parts；It is main to the mechanics of load distribution formula to be finally introducing dynamometer, establishes the main relational expression to input and output of dynamometer, completes the calibration of dynamometer.Present method solves to the lower problem of load(ing) point vectorial force measuring accuracy is become, improve the measuring accuracy of vector force test device before.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to piezoelectric force technical fields, are related to a kind of calibration side based on transducer sensitivity difference dynamometer
Method can obtain the high-precision mapping relations for adding the input of loading point power with dynamometer output, effectively improve the calibration for adding loading point power
Precision.
Background technique
Dynamometer can measure the power F under cartesian coordinate system as the core component in engineering testx、FyAnd FzAnd power
Square Mx、My、Mz, it is widely used in power fields of measurement.It demarcates as the important link before test, determines sensitivity system when test
Several sizes, directly affects measuring accuracy.Loading method when demarcating dynamometer is broadly divided into counterweight load, mechanical load, liquid
Pressure load has the advantages such as easy to operate, easily controllable, is respectively suitable in different operating conditions.Force value hour is loaded, using weight
Code load；When load force value is larger, using mechanical load combined standard force snesor or proof force ring；It loads force value greatly and loads
When device inconvenience personnel operate, using hydraulic loaded.
For the scaling method of dynamometer, mainly for single load(ing) point, i.e., the center of dynamometer is demarcated, is used
Least square method obtains the linear mapping relation of the single input of load(ing) point power and dynamometer output.However, during actual test,
The load(ing) point of power is typically off test center, since four transducer sensitivities of composition dynamometer have differences, difference load
The mapping relations that point power input is exported with dynamometer have differences.Under same external load function, with the variation of loading position, survey
The output variable quantity of power instrument is larger, lower using single load(ing) point scaling method stated accuracy.To improve four fulcrum piezoelectric force instrument
Add the stated accuracy of loading point, the main method for using neural network, progress are largely added loading point calibration experiment, obtained at present
Power inputs and adds the high-precision mapping relations of loading point dynamometer output, but the such method of application is complicated for operation, experimental work amount
Greatly, time-consuming, needs to develop effective dynamometer thus and adds loading point scaling method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, invents the scaling method that a kind of dynamometer adds loading point power.This method
It is demarcated by 4 piezoelectric force transducers to composition dynamometer, obtains the power electricity conversion coefficient of each piezoelectric force transducer
With power electricity conversion coefficient deviation；By dynamometer central point calibration experiment, the main correction factor to stable output of dynamometer is introduced,
In conjunction with the power electricity conversion coefficient and its deviation of piezoelectric force transducer, the output of dynamometer is decomposed into and stablizes output and fluctuation output
Two parts；Be finally introducing dynamometer it is main to mechanics distribute formula, establish power input and dynamometer be main reflects to the high-precision of output
Penetrate relationship.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of scaling method based on transducer sensitivity difference, piezoelectric force transducer is mounted on caliberating device；It is logical
It is main to piezoelectric force transducer progress ladder to power load to cross calibrating platform, repeatedly, records output voltage；Using least square
Statistical average is normalized in method, and it is main to sensitivity to obtain its；The power electricity of 4 piezoelectric force transducers is calculated
Conversion coefficient and power electricity conversion coefficient deviation；4 piezoelectric force transducers are assembled into dynamometer and are demarcated at the center point
Experiment calculates the main ratio to reality output and theoretical output of dynamometer, obtains its correction factor for stablizing output；In conjunction with 4
The main Xiang Li electricity conversion coefficient of piezoelectric force transducer and its deviation, by it is main to output be decomposed into stablize output and fluctuation output two
Point；It is introduced into dynamometer main distribute to the mechanics of load formula and to substitute into the main decomposition formula to output, establishes power input and survey
The main high-precision mapping relations to output of power instrument, complete the calibration of dynamometer；
Specific step is as follows:
The first step, piezoelectric force transducer and dynamometer center are demarcated
1) piezoelectric force transducer is demarcated
No. 1 piezoelectric force transducer is mounted on caliberating device, by calibrating platform, by the way of step-loaded, into
Row piezoelectric force transducer calibration experiment, repeatedly and records data；The above step is repeated to 2,3, No. 4 piezoelectric force transducers again
Suddenly, and output data is recorded；
2) dynamometer center is demarcated
By the way of rectangular arrangement, by 4 piezoelectric force transducers and upper and lower board group at piezoelectric force instrument；By dynamometer
It is fixed on calibrating platform, adjusting is main to loading device, carries out step-loaded experiment to dynamometer center, repeatedly and records
Output data；
Second step, data processing
1) output voltage signal pre-processes
Using least square method, linear fit is carried out to the average value of 4 piezoelectric force transducer output datas respectively, is obtained
4 sensor force inputs-voltage output slope of a curve li(i=1,2,3,4) obtains the power electricity of each sensor according to formula (1)
Conversion coefficient, formula are as follows:
ki=li, (i=1,2,3,4) (1)
Wherein, kiFor the power electrotransformation coefficient of No. i-th piezoelectric force transducer, the mean force electrotransformation coefficient of four sensors
For,
The main Xiang Li electricity conversion coefficient deviation delta k of 1-4 piezoelectric force transducer is calculated according to formula (3)i, formula is as follows:
2) correction factor is introduced
It is main to the correction factor for stablizing output to introduce dynamometer, value is main to when load equal to carrying out in dynamometer central point
Reality output FcThe ratio exported with theory, as shown in formula (4),
Wherein,It is main to the correction factor for stablizing output, F for dynamometeriIt (i=1,2,3,4) is 4 piezoelectric force transducers
Respective theory output force value；
3) it decomposes main to power output
The output of dynamometer is divided into stable outputΔ U two parts are exported with fluctuation, dynamometer is main to adding loading point
Reality output under power effect are as follows:
4) it introduces mechanics and distributes formula
Dynamometer is main to distribute formula such as formula (6) to the mechanics of load,
Wherein, F is the main Xiang Li being applied on dynamometer；Flat square is established as origin using the central point of dynamometer upper plate
Coordinate system, then it is main to the coordinate of point of force application be (δy, δx)；A is piezoelectric force transducer center to the distance of X-axis, and b is piezoelectric forces
Distance of the center sensor to Y-axis；
Formula (6) substitution formula (5) is obtained into power input-dynamometer output mapping relations, as shown in formula (7),
Formula (7) is for solving the problem of calibrating that dynamometer adds loading point；
Third step, verifying dynamometer add loading point mapping relations
Multiple spot on dynamometer is carried out main to power calibration experiment, record experimental data；Using formula (7), theory is calculated
Input force value is compared with force value is actually entered, it is found that the scaling method effectively increases the stated accuracy for adding loading point power.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: existing caliberating device is utilized, it is contemplated that the difference of different piezoelectric force transducer sensitivity
The opposite sex tests to obtain the power electrotransformation coefficient and its deviation of each sensor by transducer calibration, introduces dynamometer and stablizes output
Correction factor, in conjunction with dynamometer mechanics distribute formula, establish power input with dynamometer output high-precision mapping relations, solution
Determined add lower loading point dynamometer stated accuracy, heavy workload, it is complicated for operation the problems such as, improve the stated accuracy of dynamometer
With calibration efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that upper and lower scaling board and piezoelectric force transducer are installed on pedestal.
Fig. 2 is calibrating platform schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is dynamometer assembling schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is piezoelectric force instrument demarcation flow figure.
In figure: 1- pedestal；2- piezoelectric force transducer；3- caliberating device upper plate；4- is main to the mobile face of power；The load of 5- vertical force
Device；The first handwheel of 6-；7- horizontal guide rail；8- locking nut；9- standard force snesor；10- supporting studs；11- caliberating device
Lower plate；12- level meter；The second handwheel of 13-；14- loading head；15- dynamometer upper plate；16- dynamometer lower plate；The main Xiang Lizuo of 17-
With point；18- dynamometer central point.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing with the technical solution specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.
4 piezoelectric force transducers are first respectively assembled on caliberating device by scaling method, make caliberating device upper plate, lower plate and
Piezoelectric force transducer is coaxial, and caliberating device lower plate is fixed with bolts on calibrating platform, adjust it is main to force loading device,
It is at caliberating device center, carries out main to power step-loaded, is repeated 5 times and records output voltage；To in dynamometer progress
The upper and lower plate of dynamometer and four piezoelectric force transducers are assembled into dynamometer by heart point calibration experiment, are carried out to dynamometer central point
Ladder is main to be loaded to power, is repeated 5 times and is recorded output voltage；Data are pre-processed, the power of 4 piezoelectric force transducers is calculated
Electric conversion coefficient and power electricity conversion coefficient deviation；It is introduced using the data that dynamometer central point is demarcated main to the amendment for stablizing output
Main be decomposed into output is stablized output and wave in conjunction with the main Xiang Li electricity conversion coefficient of 4 piezoelectric force transducers and its deviation by coefficient
Dynamic output two parts；It is main to the mechanics of load distribution formula in conjunction with piezoelectric force transducer, establish power input and dynamometer output
High-precision mapping relations complete the calibration of dynamometer.
Embodiment 1, the object that is calibrated of the invention is four fulcrum piezoelectric force instrument, wherein 4 piezoelectric force transducer arrangement sides
Formula is rectangular arrangement；Calibration system include 1 range be 5000N standard force snesor, 4 Kistler charge amplifiers, 1
A data collecting card DT9804, the computer of 1 installation DEWESoft software.
The first step demarcates 4 piezoelectric force transducers
Using bolt, caliberating device lower plate 11 is fixed on the pedestal 1 of weighted platform, then No. 1 piezoelectric forces are sensed
Device 2 is fixed in caliberating device lower plate 11, and caliberating device upper plate 3 is then fixed on 2 top of piezoelectric force transducer, guarantees calibration
The central point of device lower plate 11, piezoelectric force transducer 2 and caliberating device upper plate 3 on the straight line of same vertical direction, and
The straight line is main into the main plane 4 constituted to force line during force loading device in translating, and level meter 12 is placed on water
On level gauge 7, adjusting lock nut 8, are horizontally oriented guide rail 7, rotate the second handwheel 13, and movement is main to force loading device
5, to 2 top of piezoelectric force transducer, make the center of 14 face caliberating device upper plate 3 of loading head, fixation is main to force loading device 5, so
After rotate the first handwheel 6, the reading of observation caliber force snesor 9 applies caliberating device upper plate 3 by the way of step-loaded
Force value size is the active force of sensor principal vector journey, and ladder force value is set as 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N, 3000N,
4000N, 5000N are repeated 5 times, and are recorded output voltage values, are unloaded bolt, install next piezoelectric force transducer, fixed with bolt
Well, the step of before repeating, in the axially loaded calibration of piezoelectric force transducer, while output voltage values being recorded.
Second step, the calibration of dynamometer central point
Dynamometer upper plate (15), dynamometer lower plate (16) and four piezoelectric force transducers (2) are connected by screw bolts assembling
At dynamometer, wherein four piezoelectric force transducers use rectangular arrangement.According to the operating procedure of the first step, using step-loaded
Mode carries out dynamometer central point (18) main to power loading experiment, and ladder force value is set as 1000N, 1500N, 2000N,
3000N, 4000N, 5000N are repeated 5 times, and record output voltage values.
Third step, data processing
Output voltage signal is pre-processed, the average value of each 5 loading experiments of load(ing) point is sought, using minimum two
Multiplication is normalized, and obtains the power electricity conversion coefficient of 4 sensors using formula (1), is calculated using formula (2), (3)
The power electricity conversion coefficient deviation for obtaining 4 sensors is respectively Δ k1=-0.0015, Δ k2=-0.0195, Δ k3=
0.0025, Δ k4=0.0185.
From formula (4) obtain dynamometer it is main to stablize output correction factor λ=1, then from formula (5) by main to output
It is decomposed into fluctuation output and stablizes output two parts.It is main to the mechanics of load distribution formula (6) to be finally introducing dynamometer, substitution can
The main relational expression (7) to input and output of dynamometer is obtained, as follows:
4th step, by the output reverse input force value of dynamometer
Referring to the operating process of second step, selecting 13 load(ing) points to carry out in dynamometer upper plate, ladder is main to be loaded to power, is obtained
To after output voltage, the available theoretical load force value of formula (7) is substituted into, by theory load force value and actual loaded power
Value compare it can be found that both difference very little, it was demonstrated that the scaling method has high precision and a reliability, in practical calibration,
It does not need to carry out this single stepping.
The present invention utilizes existing caliberating device, it is contemplated that the otherness of different piezoelectric force transducer sensitivity calculates each
The power electricity conversion coefficient and its deviation of sensor are demarcated to obtain the correction factor for stablizing output by dynamometer central point, finally
Show that dynamometer adds the mapping relations of loading point power input and voltage output, it is easy to operate, there is very high stated accuracy, can lead to
The output for crossing dynamometer is relatively accurately found out by dynamometry, and it is lower to solve the problems, such as that dynamometer adds loading point power stated accuracy,
Also, with the increase of load force value, calibrated error is gradually reduced.
Although the present invention is made that detailed description with above-mentioned preferred embodiment, not limited with above-described embodiment
The present invention.Those skilled in the art is not it should be recognized that the case where departing from technical characteristic given by the present invention and range
Under, to increase made by technology and the replacement of some same contents in this field, it is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of scaling method based on transducer sensitivity difference dynamometer, is mounted on caliberating device for piezoelectric force transducer
On；It is loaded by the way that calibrating platform is main to piezoelectric force transducer progress ladder to power, repeatedly, records output voltage；Using most
Small square law, is normalized statistical average, and it is main to sensitivity to obtain its；4 piezoelectric force transducers are calculated
Power electricity conversion coefficient and power electricity conversion coefficient deviation；4 piezoelectric force transducers are assembled into dynamometer and are clicked through in its center
Row calibration experiment calculates the main ratio to reality output and theoretical output of dynamometer, obtains its correction factor for stablizing output；Knot
Close the main Xiang Li electricity conversion coefficient of 4 piezoelectric force transducers and its deviation, by it is main to output be decomposed into stablize output and fluctuate defeated
Two parts out；It is introduced into dynamometer main distribute to the mechanics of load formula and to substitute into the main decomposition formula to output, it is defeated to establish power
Enter with the main high-precision mapping relations to output of dynamometer, complete the calibration of dynamometer；
It is characterized in that, specific step is as follows:
The first step, piezoelectric force transducer and dynamometer center are demarcated
1) piezoelectric force transducer is demarcated
No. 1 piezoelectric force transducer is mounted on caliberating device, by calibrating platform, by the way of step-loaded, is pressed
Power sensor calibration experiment repeatedly and records data；Above step is repeated to 2,3, No. 4 piezoelectric force transducers again, and
Record output data；
2) dynamometer center is demarcated
By the way of rectangular arrangement, by 4 piezoelectric force transducers and upper and lower board group at piezoelectric force instrument；Dynamometer is fixed
On calibrating platform, adjusting is main to loading device, carries out step-loaded experiment to dynamometer center, repeatedly and records output
Data；
Second step, data processing
1) output voltage signal pre-processes
Using least square method, linear fit is carried out to the average value of 4 piezoelectric force transducer output datas respectively, obtains 4
Sensor force input-voltage output slope of a curve li(i=1,2,3,4) is converted according to the power electricity that formula (1) obtains each sensor
Coefficient, formula are as follows:
ki=li, (i=1,2,3,4) (1)
Wherein, kiMean force electrotransformation coefficient for the power electrotransformation coefficient of No. i-th piezoelectric force transducer, four sensors is,
The main Xiang Li electricity conversion coefficient deviation delta k of 1-4 piezoelectric force transducer is calculated according to formula (3)i, formula is as follows:
2) correction factor is introduced
It is main to the correction factor for stablizing output to introduce dynamometer, value, which is equal to, carries out the main reality to when load in dynamometer central point
Border exports FcThe ratio exported with theory, as shown in formula (4),
Wherein,It is main to the correction factor for stablizing output, F for dynamometeri(i=1,2,3,4) respectively for 4 piezoelectric force transducers
Theoretical output force value；
3) it decomposes main to power output
The output of dynamometer is divided into stable outputWith fluctuation export Δ U two parts, dynamometer it is main to add loading point power effect
Under reality output are as follows:
4) it introduces mechanics and distributes formula
Dynamometer is main to distribute formula such as formula (6) to the mechanics of load,
Wherein, F is the main Xiang Li being applied on dynamometer；Plane rectangular coordinates is established as origin using the central point of dynamometer upper plate
System, then it is main to the coordinate of point of force application be (δy, δx)；A is distance of the piezoelectric force transducer center to X-axis, and b is piezoelectric forces sensing
Distance of the device center to Y-axis；
Formula (6) substitution formula (5) is obtained into power input-dynamometer output mapping relations, as shown in formula (7),
Formula (7) is for solving the problem of calibrating that dynamometer adds loading point；
Third step, verifying dynamometer add loading point mapping relations
Multiple spot on dynamometer is carried out main to power calibration experiment, record experimental data；Using formula (7), theoretical input is calculated
Force value is compared with force value is actually entered, which improves the stated accuracy for adding loading point power.
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| CN112179550A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 大连理工大学 | Optimized arrangement method of four-fulcrum piezoelectric dynamometer |
| CN115790969A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆凯瑞测试装备有限公司 | Calibration mechanism and calibration method for force measuring platform |
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