CN110329993B - High-performance reforming reactor - Google Patents
High-performance reforming reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110329993B CN110329993B CN201910722116.9A CN201910722116A CN110329993B CN 110329993 B CN110329993 B CN 110329993B CN 201910722116 A CN201910722116 A CN 201910722116A CN 110329993 B CN110329993 B CN 110329993B
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- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
- C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
- C01B2203/1223—Methanol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The high-performance reforming reactor comprises a sealed box body, wherein a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a purifying chamber are arranged in the sealed box body, the combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from bottom to top, and the combustion chamber is used for heating the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber; the sealed box body is provided with a methanol water inlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet of the sealed box body is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming shell, a groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the reforming shell, a coil is embedded in the groove, a reaction tube is arranged in the reforming shell, a catalyst is arranged in the reaction tube, an electric heating rod is embedded in the reforming shell, the inlet end of the coil is communicated with a methanol water inlet, and the outlet end of the coil is communicated with the inlet end of the reaction tube; generating hydrogen-rich in the methanol water in the reforming chamber, and conveying the hydrogen-rich to a purifying chamber from the outlet end of the reaction tube array, wherein the purifying chamber is used for purifying the hydrogen-rich; the side of the reforming shell is provided with a vertical fire guiding groove, and the purifying chamber is provided with an electric heating plate. The invention can realize quick start.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a high-performance reforming reactor.
Background
Hydrogen energy is a clean secondary energy source. In recent years, as the development of hydrogen energy application technology has matured and the global pressure to cope with climate change has increased continuously, the development of hydrogen energy industry has been attracting attention in countries around the world, and developed countries such as the united states, germany, japan, etc. have successively increased the development of hydrogen energy industry to a national energy strategy. In addition, the state of innovation of the hydrogen energy and the fuel cell technology is in the innovation action plan of the energy technical revolution, which marks that the hydrogen energy industry is brought into the national energy strategy of China, and the hydrogen fuel cell can efficiently and cleanly convert chemical energy into electric energy directly, is a more advanced conversion technology than a conventional heat engine, and brings great opportunity for the innovation of energy power due to the rapid development of the fuel cell technology.
Along with the development of technology, requirements on energy and standby batteries are more and more strict, and the clean, noise-free and interference-free energy or standby batteries are urgently needed in various fields such as mobile communication base stations, micro stations, emergency vehicles, airport tractors, logistics vehicles, hospital power supply, data center power supply, military and the like. However, if hydrogen is directly used for power generation, safety technical bottlenecks such as manufacturing, storage and transportation exist, and under the background, a technical route for generating power after hydrogen production by using methanol water is more and more emphasized, so that an industry for generating power after hydrogen production by using methanol water is created.
The methanol-water hydrogen production process needs high-temperature reforming, so that the reforming reactor is a core component of the methanol-water hydrogen production process. The principle of the hydrogen production process by methanol water is as follows: the methanol water fuel is pressurized and gasified by heat absorption, then enters a reforming chamber to carry out reforming reaction together with a catalyst, so as to obtain hydrogen (hydrogen rich) rich in impurities, and the hydrogen passes through a purifier to generate high-purity hydrogen (H) reaching 99.99 percent 2 ) And the CO content is less than or equal to 1 ppm). The hydrogen is converted into normal temperature through heat exchange, and enters a galvanic pile through decompression to generate electrochemical reaction, so as to generate electric energy. The hydrogen production reaction mechanism is as follows:
CH 3 OH(g)→CO+2H 2 ,Δ=-90.64KJ/mol,
CO+H 2 O(g)→CO 2 +H 2 ,Δ=-41.00KJ/mol。
the hydrogen production reaction is a strong endothermic reaction, and heat needs to be continuously supplied to maintain the reaction. One of the design ideas of the conventional reforming reactor is that the temperature reaches the reforming reaction temperature by using electric heating, and the purified split gas is introduced into combustion, so that the design has the defects of consuming a large amount of electric energy, being influenced by the fact that the electric heating cannot be performed at a high power (the electric power generation is performed under the condition of lack of electricity), and being limited in cost, so that the reforming hydrogen production device reaches the reforming reaction temperature by using the electric heating mode under the conventional temperature, the cold start time is generally more than 10 hours, and the hydrogen purifier used in the conventional reforming hydrogen production device has the limit of the service life of the cold start times, thereby influencing the service life of the whole equipment. The second design idea of the traditional reforming reactor adopts a cylindrical reforming chamber, and a palladium pipe is arranged in the cylindrical reforming chamber, and the flame is utilized to directly heat the reforming chamber and the palladium pipe, so that the defects are uneven heating, the heat balance cannot be controlled, the performance of the palladium pipe is reduced and the service life is short under the condition that the catalyst efficiency is low, and the palladium pipe can be rapidly cold started (30-60 minutes), but the palladium pipe has more than 10 cold start service lives and cannot be used as an instant standby battery. The third design idea of the traditional reactor is to ensure that the reforming chamber and the reforming reaction coil are heated uniformly by adopting an aluminum casting process, and the defects of complex work, high labor cost and disposability are overcome. The four design ideas of the traditional reactor adopt a palladium membrane purification mode, and the defects are that the cost is extremely high, the cost is 80 percent of the cost of the whole reactor, the purification purity and efficiency of the traditional reactor are not broken through compared with the palladium tube type, the heating of the purifier is carried out by the heat conduction and electric heating of the whole reactor, especially the electric heating is required to be continuous, and the internal consumption is extremely high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a high-performance reforming reactor which has the advantages of quick start, high efficiency, heat balance, long service life, quick response, low cost and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-performance reforming reactor comprises a sealed box body, wherein a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a purifying chamber are arranged in the sealed box body, the combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from bottom to top, and the combustion chamber is used for heating the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber;
the sealed box body is provided with a methanol water inlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet of the sealed box body is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline to provide air;
the reforming chamber comprises a reforming shell made of metal materials, a groove is formed in the bottom surface of the reforming shell, a coil pipe for vaporization is embedded in the groove, a reaction tube is arranged in the reforming shell, a catalyst for reforming reaction is arranged in the reaction tube, an electric heating rod is embedded in the reforming shell, the inlet end of the coil pipe is communicated with a methanol water inlet, and the outlet end of the coil pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the reaction tube;
the methanol water is subjected to reforming reaction in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is conveyed to the purifying chamber from the outlet end of the reaction tube array, and the purifying chamber is used for purifying the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain pure hydrogen;
the side of reforming shell is equipped with vertical fire guiding groove, leads between fire guiding groove and the combustion chamber with purifying room, thereby the fire guiding groove is used for producing the flame with the combustion chamber and guides to the purification room and heat the purification room, is equipped with the electrical heating piece on the purification room.
From the above, the invention utilizes the methanol water to generate reforming reaction in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen-rich, the hydrogen-rich is conveyed to the purifying chamber from the outlet end of the reaction tube array, and the purifying chamber purifies the hydrogen-rich to obtain pure hydrogen. In the reforming reaction process, the methanol water is firstly vaporized in the coil pipe, and the vaporized methanol water steam enters the reaction tube array to carry out reforming reaction under the action of the catalyst and generate hydrogen (H) 2 ,CO,CO 2 ) The hydrogen-enriched gas enters a purifying chamber, and the purifying chamber purifies and separates the hydrogen-enriched gas to obtain high-purity hydrogen gas.
In addition, the reforming chamber adopts the reforming shell made of metal materials, then the methanol water vaporization process and the reforming reaction process are carried out in two stages, the methanol water vaporization process is carried out in the coil pipe, the coil pipe directly heats the coil pipe by utilizing the combustion chamber and the electric heating rod in a mode of being embedded in the groove on the bottom surface of the reforming shell, and the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in a stacked mode, so that the methanol water vaporization heating requirement is efficiently met, the equipment volume and the occupied space can be reduced, and the hydrogen production equipment for the reforming reaction is portable and the application range is enlarged; the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are heated by the combustion chamber, the electric heating plate is started to heat the purifying chamber, the working temperature of the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber, namely the working temperature of reforming reaction and the purifying working temperature, can be quickly started, the traditional reforming reactor only heats the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber by the electric heating, and the hydrogen production power generation equipment is generally applied to a field environment and has the condition of lack of electricity, so that the power of the electric heating plate or the electric heating rod is small and is influenced by power consumption, the starting time is very slow, and the condition of the reaction temperature can be reached only about 10-24 hours; the reforming reaction process belongs to a process with lower heat requirement, and is carried out by being directly arranged in a reaction tube array in a reforming shell, so that the invention can not only efficiently meet the heating requirement of methanol water vaporization, but also reduce energy consumption; meanwhile, the reforming chamber and the reforming reaction coil pipe in the prior art are heated uniformly by adopting an aluminum casting process, the complex aluminum casting process greatly increases the equipment cost, and the material cost is higher; the side surface of the reforming shell is provided with a vertical flame guide groove, and the flame guide groove is used for guiding flame generated by the combustion chamber to the purification chamber so as to heat the purification chamber, so that the purification chamber is prevented from being electrically heated for a long time, the internal consumption is reduced, and the overall performance is higher; when the hydrogen is not needed to be generated, the methanol water is interrupted, and the electric heating rod or the heating plate is intermittently started to maintain the required temperature of the whole reactor, so that the quick response can be realized.
As an improvement of the invention, the reaction tube array comprises a plurality of steel tubes which are inserted between two side walls of the reforming shell, an air inlet chamber communicated with the inlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes is arranged at the inlet end of the steel tubes on the outer side of the side walls of the reforming shell, an air outlet chamber communicated with the outlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes is arranged at the outlet end of the steel tubes, an air inlet is arranged on the air inlet chamber, the outlet end of the coil is communicated with the air inlet of the air inlet chamber, an air outlet is arranged on the air outlet chamber, and the hydrogen rich is conveyed to the purifying chamber from the air outlet of the air outlet chamber.
As an improvement of the invention, the bottom surface of the reforming shell is provided with a metal cover plate for fixedly sealing the coil pipe in the groove.
As an improvement of the invention, the purifying chamber comprises a purifying shell made of metal materials, a palladium tube purifier is arranged in the purifying shell, an electric heating plate for heating the palladium tube purifier is arranged on the purifying shell, aluminum alloy powder serving as a heat transfer medium is filled in the purifying shell, the outlet end of a reaction tube is communicated with the inlet end of the palladium tube purifier, a hydrogen outlet is arranged on the sealing box, and the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the pure hydrogen outlet end of the palladium tube purifier.
As an improvement of the invention, the combustion chamber comprises a burner, the burner is provided with a combustion concave cavity which is opened upwards, a flame distributor and an igniter are arranged in the combustion concave cavity, a plurality of uniformly distributed flame holes and fuel feeding pipes are arranged on the flame distributor, an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the combustion concave cavity, and the air inlet is communicated with an outlet of a blower.
Further, a tail gas outlet is arranged on the purification shell and is communicated with a fuel feeding pipe of the flame distributor through a return pipe, and a flow limiting valve and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the return pipe.
As an improvement of the invention, a preheating base is arranged below the combustion chamber in the sealed box body, a vaporizer is arranged on the preheating base, the vaporizer comprises a vaporizing tube, an upper metal block and a lower metal block, the vaporizing tube is embedded between the upper metal block and the lower metal block, a preheating electric heating rod is embedded on the upper metal block or the lower metal block, the inlet end of the vaporizing tube is communicated with a methanol water inlet, the outlet end of the vaporizing tube is communicated with a fuel feeding tube, an air inlet channel is arranged on the preheating base at a position corresponding to the air inlet of the combustion chamber, the outlet end of the air inlet channel is in butt joint with the air inlet, and the inlet end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the outlet of the blower through a pipeline.
As an improvement of the invention, a screen filter is arranged in the sealed box body, the screen filter comprises a filter shell, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the filter shell, a filter element is arranged at the air inlet in the filter shell, an outlet screen is arranged at the air outlet, the air inlet of the filter shell is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction tube, and the air outlet of the filter shell is communicated with the inlet end of the palladium tube purifier.
Further, a maintenance plug is arranged at the bottom of the filtering shell.
As an improvement of the invention, the sealing box body is made of stainless steel metal, and the sealing box body is coated with heat insulation cotton.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention separates the methanol water vaporization process and the reforming reaction process in two stages, can efficiently meet the methanol water vaporization heating requirement, and adopts a mode that a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a purifying chamber are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from bottom to top, thereby reducing the volume and the occupied space of the device, leading the reforming reaction hydrogen production device to be portable and enlarging the application range;
the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are heated by the combustion chamber, the electric heating plate is started to heat the purifying chamber, the working temperature of the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber, namely the working temperature of reforming reaction and the purifying working temperature, can be quickly started, the traditional reforming reactor only heats the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber by the electric heating, and the hydrogen production power generation equipment is generally applied to a field environment and has the condition of lack of electricity, so that the power of the electric heating plate or the electric heating rod is small and is influenced by power consumption, the starting time is very slow, and the condition of the reaction temperature can be reached only about 10-24 hours;
the reforming reaction process belongs to a process with lower heat requirement, and is carried out by being directly arranged in a reaction tube array in a reforming shell, so that the invention can not only efficiently meet the heating requirement of methanol water vaporization, but also reduce energy consumption;
meanwhile, the reforming chamber and the reforming reaction coil pipe in the prior art are heated uniformly by adopting an aluminum casting process, the complex aluminum casting process greatly increases the equipment cost, and the material cost is higher;
the side surface of the reforming shell is provided with a vertical flame guide groove, and the flame guide groove is used for guiding flame generated by the combustion chamber to the purification chamber so as to heat the purification chamber, so that the purification chamber is prevented from being electrically heated for a long time, the internal consumption is reduced, and the overall performance is higher;
when the hydrogen is not needed to be generated, the methanol water is interrupted, and the electric heating rod or the heating plate is intermittently started to maintain the required temperature of the whole reactor, so that the quick response can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high performance reforming reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a high performance reforming reactor combustor in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reforming chamber of a high performance reforming reactor in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a purification chamber of a high performance reforming reactor in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a high performance reforming reactor filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a preheating base of a high performance reforming reactor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a high performance reforming reactor includes a sealed case 10, wherein a combustion chamber 20, a reforming chamber 30 and a purifying chamber 40 are arranged in the sealed case 10, the combustion chamber 20, the reforming chamber 30 and the purifying chamber 40 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and the combustion chamber 20 is used for heating the reforming chamber 30 and the purifying chamber 40;
the sealed box body 10 is provided with a methanol water inlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet of the sealed box body 10 is communicated with the combustion chamber 20 through a pipeline to provide air;
the reforming chamber 30 comprises a reforming shell 31 made of metal materials, a groove 32 is arranged on the bottom surface of the reforming shell 31, a coil 33 for vaporization is embedded in the groove 32, a reaction tube 34 is arranged in the reforming shell 31, a catalyst for reforming reaction is embedded in the reaction tube 34, an electric heating rod 35 is embedded in the reforming shell 31, the inlet end of the coil 33 is communicated with a methanol water inlet, and the outlet end of the coil 33 is communicated with the inlet end of the reaction tube 34;
the methanol water undergoes reforming reaction in the reforming chamber 30 to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is conveyed to the purifying chamber 40 from the outlet end of the reaction tube array 34, and the purifying chamber 40 purifies the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain pure hydrogen;
the reforming housing 31 is provided with a vertical flame guiding groove 36 on a side surface thereof, the flame guiding groove 36 is used for conducting between the purifying chamber 40 and the combustion chamber 20, the flame guiding groove 36 is used for guiding flame generated by the combustion chamber 20 to the purifying chamber 40 so as to heat the purifying chamber, and the purifying chamber 40 is provided with an electric heating plate 70.
From the above, the invention utilizes the methanol water to generate reforming reaction in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen-rich, the hydrogen-rich is conveyed to the purifying chamber from the outlet end of the reaction tube array, and the purifying chamber purifies the hydrogen-rich to obtain pure hydrogen. In the reforming reaction process, the methanol water is firstly vaporized in the coil pipe, and the vaporized methanol water steam enters the reaction tube array to carry out reforming reaction under the action of the catalyst and generate hydrogen (H) 2 ,CO,CO 2 ) The hydrogen-enriched gas enters a purifying chamber, and the purifying chamber purifies and separates the hydrogen-enriched gas to obtain high-purity hydrogen gas.
In addition, the reforming chamber adopts the reforming shell made of metal materials, then the methanol water vaporization process and the reforming reaction process are carried out in two stages, the methanol water vaporization process is carried out in the coil pipe, the coil pipe directly heats the coil pipe by utilizing the combustion chamber and the electric heating rod in a mode of being embedded in the groove on the bottom surface of the reforming shell, and the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in a stacked mode, so that the methanol water vaporization heating requirement is efficiently met, the equipment volume and the occupied space can be reduced, and the hydrogen production equipment for the reforming reaction is portable and the application range is enlarged; the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are heated by the combustion chamber, the electric heating plate is started to heat the purifying chamber, the working temperature of the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber, namely the working temperature of reforming reaction and the purifying working temperature, can be quickly started, the traditional reforming reactor only heats the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber by the electric heating, and the hydrogen production power generation equipment is generally applied to a field environment and has the condition of lack of electricity, so that the power of the electric heating plate or the electric heating rod is small and is influenced by power consumption, the starting time is very slow, and the condition of the reaction temperature can be reached only about 10-24 hours; the reforming reaction process belongs to a process with lower heat requirement, and is carried out by being directly arranged in a reaction tube array in a reforming shell, so that the invention can not only efficiently meet the heating requirement of methanol water vaporization, but also reduce energy consumption; meanwhile, the reforming chamber and the reforming reaction coil pipe in the prior art are heated uniformly by adopting an aluminum casting process, the complex aluminum casting process greatly increases the equipment cost, and the material cost is higher; the side surface of the reforming shell is provided with a vertical flame guide groove, and the flame guide groove is used for guiding flame generated by the combustion chamber to the purification chamber so as to heat the purification chamber, so that the purification chamber is prevented from being electrically heated for a long time, the internal consumption is reduced, and the overall performance is higher; when the hydrogen is not needed to be generated, the methanol water is interrupted, and the electric heating rod or the heating plate is intermittently started to maintain the required temperature of the whole reactor, so that the quick response can be realized.
In this embodiment, the reaction tube array 34 includes a plurality of steel tubes 341, the steel tubes 341 are inserted between two side walls of the reforming shell 31, an air inlet chamber 342 communicated with the inlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes 341 is disposed at the inlet end of the steel tubes 341 on the outer side of the side walls of the reforming shell 30, an air outlet chamber 344 communicated with the outlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes 341 is disposed at the outlet end of the steel tubes 341, an air inlet 343 is disposed on the air inlet chamber 342, the outlet end of the coil 33 is communicated with the air inlet 343 of the air inlet chamber 342, an air outlet 345 is disposed on the air outlet chamber 344, and the hydrogen rich gas is conveyed from the air outlet 345 of the air outlet chamber 344 to the purifying chamber 40. The reaction tubulation adopts the form of a plurality of steel pipes, is favorable to increasing reforming reaction area, improves the hydrogen-rich output of unit time promptly, and the inlet chamber can carry out evenly distributed to the vaporization methanol water that enters into the steel pipe, and the output is carried out the unified gathering of hydrogen-rich after the reforming reaction again to the outlet chamber. In this embodiment, the seal case and the reforming case are both made of aluminum.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the reforming housing 31 is provided with a metal cover plate 37 that fixedly seals the coil 33 within the groove 32. The metal cover plate can improve the heating uniformity of the coil when being heated by the combustion chamber.
In this embodiment, the purifying chamber 40 includes a purifying housing 41 made of metal, a palladium tube purifier 42 is disposed in the purifying housing 41, an electric heating plate 70 for heating the palladium tube purifier is disposed on the purifying housing 41, aluminum alloy powder 43 as a heat transfer medium is filled in the purifying housing 41, an outlet end of the reaction tube 34 is communicated with an inlet end 44 of the palladium tube purifier 42, and a hydrogen outlet is disposed on the sealed case 10 and is communicated with a pure hydrogen outlet end 45 of the palladium tube purifier 42. The metal material is aluminum, and the aluminum alloy powder is filled in the purifying shell to serve as a heat conducting material, so that the palladium tube purifier is heated uniformly and rapidly; meanwhile, the damage to the palladium tube caused by direct flame heating or other hard contact (expansion with heat and contraction with cold) is avoided, the palladium tube can be heated uniformly, the heating mode of the palladium tube is greatly improved, the service life of the palladium tube purifier is about half a year by adopting the traditional flame heating mode, and the service life of the palladium tube purifier is 3 to 5 years by adopting the heating mode of the invention; and the aluminum alloy powder is filled in the purification shell, so that the cost of equipment materials and the processing cost can be reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 20 includes a burner 21, the burner 21 is provided with a combustion cavity 22 that is open upwards, a flame distributor 24 and an igniter 27 are disposed in the combustion cavity 22, a plurality of uniformly distributed flame holes 25 and a fuel feeding pipe 26 are disposed on the flame distributor 24, an air inlet 23 is disposed at the bottom of the combustion cavity 22 of the burner 21, and the air inlet 23 is communicated with an outlet of the blower 90. The flame distributor can uniformly heat the reforming chamber by uniformly distributing a plurality of flame holes.
In this embodiment, the purifying housing 41 is provided with an exhaust outlet 46, the exhaust outlet 46 is communicated with the fuel feed pipe 26 of the flame distributor 24 through the return pipe 14, and the return pipe 14 is provided with a flow limiting valve 15 and a solenoid valve 16. Tail gas (H) from the purification chamber 2 ,CO,CO 2 ) And the heat generated by combustion is supplied to the reactor as a subsequent heat source.
In this embodiment, a preheating base 60 is disposed below the combustion chamber 20 in the sealed case 10, a vaporizer 80 is disposed on the preheating base 60, the vaporizer 0 includes a vaporizing tube 83, an upper metal block 82 and a lower metal block 81, the vaporizing tube 83 is embedded between the upper metal block 82 and the lower metal block 81, a preheating electric heating rod 84 is embedded on the upper metal block 82 or the lower metal block 81, an inlet end of the vaporizing tube 83 is communicated with a methanol water inlet, an outlet end of the vaporizing tube 83 is communicated with the fuel feeding tube 26, an air inlet channel 61 is opened at a position corresponding to an air inlet 23 of the combustion chamber 20 on the preheating base 60, an outlet end of the air inlet channel 61 is in butt joint communication with the air inlet 23, and an inlet end of the air inlet channel 61 is communicated with an outlet of a blower 90 through a pipeline. The methanol water is used as fuel of the combustion chamber, and the vaporizer can heat the methanol water, so that the methanol water can enter the combustion chamber for combustion without complete vaporization, and the purpose is to quickly heat the reforming chamber and the purifier by flame to reach the temperature required by the work during the start-up of cold start, and the process only needs 20-25 minutes, so that the start-up time is greatly reduced. In the embodiment, the preheating base is made of ceramic materials, and the ceramic materials have the advantages of good heat transfer performance, low cost and the like.
In this embodiment, the methanol-water inlet includes a first methanol-water inlet and a second methanol-water inlet, the first methanol-water inlet is connected to the inlet end of the coil 33, the second methanol-water inlet is connected to the inlet end of the vaporizing tube 83, the first methanol-water inlet and the second methanol-water inlet are respectively provided with a methanol-water inlet pipe 12, and the methanol-water inlet pipe 12 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 13.
In this embodiment, a screen filter 50 is disposed in the sealed box 10, the screen filter 50 includes a filter housing 51, an air inlet 52 and an air outlet 53 are disposed on the filter housing 51, a filter element 54 is disposed in the filter housing 51 at the air inlet 52, an outlet screen 55 is disposed at the air outlet 53, the air inlet 52 of the filter housing 51 is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction column tube 34, and the air outlet 53 of the filter housing 51 is communicated with the inlet end 44 of the palladium tube purifier 42. The hydrogen-rich produced in the reforming chamber is filtered by a screen filter to remove catalyst dust which may exist, and then enters a palladium tube purifier. The bottom of the filtering shell is provided with a maintenance plug which is detachable and used for maintenance (maintenance is carried out once in 1-2 years according to the quality of the catalyst), and dust extracted from the filtering shell can be used for analysis and improvement of the catalyst.
In this embodiment, the sealing box 10 is made of stainless steel metal, and the periphery of the sealing box 10 is covered with heat insulation cotton 11. The high-temperature heat-insulating cotton prevents heat loss, and can effectively reduce the starting time.
In this embodiment, a methanation reactor 80 is disposed between the hydrogen outlet of the sealed housing 10 and the pure hydrogen outlet end 45 of the palladium tube purifier 42, and CO that may be present in the pure hydrogen are further recycled through the methanation reactor 2 Is converted into methane, and further improves the purity of pure hydrogen.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high performance reforming reactor, includes the sealed box, is equipped with combustion chamber, reforming chamber and purification room in the sealed box, its characterized in that: the combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from bottom to top, and the combustion chamber is used for heating the reforming chamber and the purifying chamber;
the sealed box body is provided with a methanol water inlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet of the sealed box body is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline to provide air;
the reforming chamber comprises a reforming shell made of metal materials, a groove is formed in the bottom surface of the reforming shell, a coil pipe for vaporization is embedded in the groove, a reaction tube is arranged in the reforming shell, a catalyst for reforming reaction is arranged in the reaction tube, an electric heating rod is embedded in the reforming shell, the inlet end of the coil pipe is communicated with a methanol water inlet, and the outlet end of the coil pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the reaction tube;
the methanol water is subjected to reforming reaction in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is conveyed to the purifying chamber from the outlet end of the reaction tube array, and the purifying chamber is used for purifying the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain pure hydrogen;
the side of reforming shell is equipped with vertical fire guiding groove, leads between fire guiding groove and the combustion chamber with purifying room, thereby the fire guiding groove is used for producing the flame with the combustion chamber and guides to the purification room and heat the purification room, is equipped with the electrical heating piece on the purification room.
2. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the reaction tube array comprises a plurality of steel tubes, the steel tubes are inserted between two side walls of the reforming shell, an air inlet chamber communicated with the inlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes is arranged at the inlet end of the steel tubes on the outer side of the side walls of the reforming shell, an air outlet chamber communicated with the outlet ends of the plurality of steel tubes is arranged at the outlet end of the steel tubes, an air inlet is arranged on the air inlet chamber, the outlet end of the coil is communicated with the air inlet of the air inlet chamber, an air outlet is arranged on the air outlet chamber, and hydrogen is conveyed to the purification chamber from the air outlet of the air outlet chamber.
3. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the bottom surface of the reforming shell is provided with a metal cover plate for fixedly sealing the coil pipe in the groove.
4. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the purifying chamber comprises a purifying shell made of metal materials, a palladium pipe purifier is arranged in the purifying shell, an electric heating plate for heating the palladium pipe purifier is arranged on the purifying shell, aluminum alloy powder serving as a heat transfer medium is filled in the purifying shell, the outlet end of the reaction tube array is communicated with the inlet end of the palladium pipe purifier, a hydrogen outlet is arranged on the sealing box, and the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the pure hydrogen outlet end of the palladium pipe purifier.
5. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 4 wherein: the combustion chamber comprises a combustor, the combustor is provided with a combustion concave cavity which is opened upwards, a flame distributor and an igniter are arranged in the combustion concave cavity, a plurality of uniformly distributed flame holes and a fuel feeding pipe are arranged on the flame distributor, an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the combustion concave cavity, and the air inlet is communicated with an outlet of the air blower.
6. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 5 wherein: the purification shell is provided with a tail gas outlet which is communicated with a fuel feed pipe of the flame distributor through a return pipe, and the return pipe is provided with a flow limiting valve and an electromagnetic valve.
7. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 5 wherein: the utility model discloses a combustion chamber, including sealed box, combustion chamber, preheating base, air inlet passageway's exit end and air inlet butt joint intercommunication, the air inlet passageway's entrance end is linked together through the export of pipeline and air-blower, the below at the combustion chamber is equipped with the preheating base in the sealed box, be equipped with the vaporizer on the preheating base, the vaporizer includes the vaporization pipe, go up metal block and lower metal block, the vaporization pipe is embedded between last metal block and lower metal block, go up metal block or lower metal block is last to be embedded to have the preheating electric heater rod, the entrance end of vaporization pipe is linked together with the methanol water inlet, the exit end of vaporization pipe is linked together with the fuel inlet pipe, the preheating base is opened in the air inlet of combustion chamber and is had the air inlet butt joint intercommunication, the exit end of air inlet passageway is linked together through the pipeline and the export of air-blower.
8. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 4 wherein: the utility model discloses a palladium tube purifier, including the sealed box, be equipped with screen cloth filter in the sealed box, screen cloth filter includes the filtration casing, is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet on the filtration casing, is equipped with the filter core in the air inlet department of filtration casing, is equipped with the export screen cloth in gas outlet department, and the air inlet of filtration casing is linked together with the exit end of reaction tubulation, and the gas outlet of filtration casing is linked together with the entrance point of palladium tube purifier.
9. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 8 wherein: the bottom of the filtering shell is provided with a maintenance plug.
10. The high performance reforming reactor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the sealed box body is made of stainless steel metal, and heat insulation cotton is coated on the outer periphery of the sealed box body.
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CN115367703B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-20 | 苏州高迈新能源有限公司 | Methanol reforming hydrogen production integrated equipment and hydrogen production method thereof |
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CN109970026A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 向得夫 | Horizontal quick heating methanol vapor reforming hydrogen production equipment and its hydrogen production process |
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