CN110328567B - Integrated machining method for measuring and grinding large-depth-diameter-ratio hole - Google Patents

Integrated machining method for measuring and grinding large-depth-diameter-ratio hole Download PDF

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CN110328567B
CN110328567B CN201910544895.8A CN201910544895A CN110328567B CN 110328567 B CN110328567 B CN 110328567B CN 201910544895 A CN201910544895 A CN 201910544895A CN 110328567 B CN110328567 B CN 110328567B
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CN110328567A (en
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康仁科
朱祥龙
焦振华
董志刚
高尚
卢成
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/003—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving acoustic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally
    • B24B5/10—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally involving a horizontal tool spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/40—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding tubes internally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

A large depth-diameter ratio hole measuring and grinding integrated processing method belongs to the field of inner circle precision grinding processing. In the machining process, the measuring needle is used for measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece, the machining stage is judged by calculating the machining allowance delta of the inner hole of the workpiece, and the corresponding machining parameters are selected for grinding the inner hole of the workpiece. When delta0More than 0.5mm, rough machining parameters are adopted, and the grinding rod prepressing amount is 2/3Xs & lt Xap0Xs is less than or equal to, and the cutting depth is 20 mu m and is less than apLess than or equal to 30 mu m; when 0.1mm < delta1When the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm, adopting semi-finishing parameters, and the prepressing quantity of the grinding rod is 1/3Xs and Xa is less thanp0Not more than 2/3Xs, and a depth of 10 μmpLess than or equal to 20 mu m; when 0.01mm < delta2When the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1mm, fine machining parameters are adopted, and the pre-pressing amount of the grinding rod is 1/4Xs and Xa is less thanp0Not more than 1/3Xs, and a depth of 2 μmpLess than or equal to 10 mu m; when delta3When the diameter is less than or equal to 0.01mm, parameters of the final processing stage are adopted, and the pre-pressing amount of the grinding rod is more than 0 and less than Xap0Not more than 1/4Xs, and a is cut to a depth of 0 μmpLess than or equal to 2 mu m. The invention realizes the integrated automatic processing of the measurement and grinding of the hole with large depth-diameter ratio, improves the production efficiency, reduces the rejection rate, has simple operation and lightens the labor intensity of operators.

Description

Integrated machining method for measuring and grinding large-depth-diameter-ratio hole
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of inner circle precision grinding and machining, and relates to a large depth-diameter ratio hole measuring and grinding integrated machining method.
Background
The parts such as the thin-wall sleeve with large depth-diameter ratio, the actuator cylinder and the like are important supporting parts and hydraulic moving parts for forming a vibration buffering unit and a retraction moving unit of the aircraft landing gear, and are core components of the aircraft landing gear. In order to ensure high reliability and high quality of service performance of the aircraft landing gear and prevent high-pressure oil leakage or jamming and other faults of moving parts in the using process, the precision and surface quality of inner holes of deep-hole thin-wall structural parts such as sleeves and actuating cylinders must be ensured.
At present, the parts are mainly processed on a common deep hole internal grinding machine, and because the parts have the characteristics of large depth-diameter ratio, small aperture and thin wall, a grinding rod used for processing is slender, the rigidity is poor, and a grinding wheel has large cutter back-off in the processing process, so that the actual removal depth of materials is smaller than the theoretical cutting depth a each timepIn order to ensure that the inner hole meets the requirement of dimensional precision after the workpiece is machined, an operator needs to repeatedly measure the aperture of the workpiece by using an inside micrometer in the semi-finishing and finishing stages and determine the next feeding cutting depth apThe size of (2). Because the internal micrometer used for measurement is long, the coaxiality error between the axis of the internal micrometer and the axis of the inner hole of the workpiece during measurement brings great error to the measurement result, and the serious result that the aperture of the workpiece is processed out of tolerance and is scrapped is easily caused; meanwhile, the inner hole structure of the actuating cylinder is complex and comprises a plurality of steps, transition arcs and step surfaces, the hole diameters of a plurality of sections of inner holes are required to be measured during the hole diameter measurement, the measurement workload is very large in the whole processing period of a workpiece, the labor intensity of workers is greatly increased, the measuring process occupies a large part of the whole processing time, and the processing efficiency is seriously reduced; because the aperture measurement is completed manually, the automatic processing of the integration of measurement and processing can not be realized. The traditional machining method has the advantages of low machining efficiency, poor workpiece precision consistency, high rejection rate, extremely high technical requirements on operators and high labor intensity of workers, and cannot meet the requirements of precise and efficient machining and mass production of parts, so that a new hole measuring and grinding integrated machining process with a large depth-diameter ratio is urgently needed to be invented or developed to solve the problems and achieve precise, efficient and automatic machining of parts with the large depth-diameter ratio, and a technical guarantee is provided for precise machining of key parts for aerospace.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low processing efficiency, poor part precision retentivity and incapability of establishing a relative position relation between measurement and grinding, the invention provides a large depth-diameter ratio hole measurement and grinding integrated processing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a large depth-diameter ratio hole measuring and grinding integrated processing method comprises the following steps:
and S1, starting the machine tool, installing the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and confirming that the working state and the machining program of the machine tool are normal.
S2, controlling the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to a Z-direction safety position coordinate Z1＝Z0-180, wherein Z0When the right end face of the grinding wheel is contacted with the left end face of the workpiece, the Z-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool, namely Z0Is a zero point of the workpiece in the Z direction;
s3, controlling the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safe position coordinate X0，X0And when the rotation center of the workpiece is coincident with the axis of the grinding rod, the X-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool is obtained.
S4, pore diameter measurement: controlling the X-axis workbench and the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to move, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using the measuring needle, recording X-direction and Z-direction coordinates of a ball head of the measuring needle at the corresponding aperture in a machine tool coordinate system, and taking the minimum value D in the measured aperturesminAnd the coordinate (X) of the ball of the stylus at its corresponding position in the machine coordinate system2,Z2)。
S5, tool setting of a grinding wheel: at the position of the minimum cross section of the aperture of the workpiece, according to the relative position relationship between the grinding wheel and the ball head of the measuring probe, the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel is completed by utilizing acoustic emission, and the coordinate values (X-direction and Z-direction coordinate values) of the grinding wheel in the machine tool coordinate system at the moment are recorded3,Z3) And controlling the X-axis workbench and the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to an X-direction safety position X0And Z-direction safety position Z1。
S6, judging the machining allowance delta0＝D0+EI-DminIf > 0.5mm is true, yes, go to step S7, no, go to step S11, where D is0Is the nominal aperture of the workpiece and EI is the lower deviation of the aperture.
S7, starting a workpiece spindle motor to drive a workpiece to rotate to a working rotating speed through a three-jaw chuck, simultaneously starting a grinding wheel spindle to the working rotating speed, adopting rough machining parameters, wherein Xs is the maximum bending deformation allowed when the grinding rod is safely used, and controlling the pre-pressing amount of the grinding rod applied to the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to be Xap0，2/3Xs＜Xap0≤Xs。
S8, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number of grinding cycles n in the rough machining stage1Wherein L is the length of the inner hole of the workpiece, and delta b is more than or equal to 01≤1/2B，1/2B≤Δb2B is not more than B, B is the width of the grinding wheel, f is not less than 100mm/mina≤200mm/min。
S9, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000022
If true, execute step S10, if true, execute step S8, where N is11, 2 and 3 …, the concrete value is determined according to the grinding rod prepressing Xa of the rough machining stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta0And (4) determining.
S10, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D1。
S11, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.1mm1＝D0+EI-D1If not more than 0.5mm is established, if yes, step S12 is executed, and if no, step S8 is executed.
S12, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting semi-finishing parametersp0，1/3Xs＜Xap0≤2/3Xs。
S13, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, reciprocating of Z-axis workbenchSpeed faIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number n of grinding cycles in the semi-finishing stage2。
S14, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000021
If true, go to step S15, No, go to step S13, where N is21, 2 and 3 …, the concrete value is according to the grinding rod prepressing amount Xa of the semi-finishing stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta1And (4) determining.
S15, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D2。
S16, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.01mm2＝D0+EI-D2If not more than 0.1mm is true, if yes, step S17 is executed, and if no, step S13 is executed.
S17, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting the finish machining parametersp0，1/4Xs＜Xap0≤1/3Xs。
S18, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S19, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D3。
S20, judging the machining allowance delta3＝D0+EI-D3If not greater than 0.01mm, if yes, go to step S21, if no, go to step S18.
S21, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting the final stage machining parametersp0，0≤Xap0≤1/4Xs。
S22, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 microns, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 microns, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S23, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D4。
S24, judgment D0+EI≤D4≤D0If + ES is established, if yes, step S25 is executed, and if no, step S22 is executed.
S25, controlling the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safety position X0Z-axis workbench rapidly moves to Z-direction safety position Z1And finishing the grinding processing.
Further, the number of grinding cycles for the grinding wheel to wear in the different grinding stages is determined
Figure BDA0002103661760000031
(wherein N is the largest integer, G is the grinding ratio determined by a process test based on the grinding wheel and the material of the workpiece to be machined, vGrinding wheelD is the abrasion loss of the grinding wheelmin、D1、D2、D3，apCorresponding to the cutting depth of one machining stage), dressing the grinding wheel after the grinding wheel is worn, and compensating the grinding wheel dressing amount b into the X-direction feeding coordinate of the machine tool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the hole measuring and grinding integrated processing method with the large depth-diameter ratio can be realized, the measuring needle is used for automatically measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece in the grinding process, the manual measurement in the traditional grinding processing is avoided, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the aperture measuring precision is ensured, so that the rejection rate is reduced, the consistency of the inner hole precision of the workpiece is improved, and the processing efficiency is improved.
(2) The large depth-diameter ratio hole measuring and grinding integrated processing method can be realized, the current processing stage of the workpiece is determined according to the hole diameter measuring result, and the grinding processing is carried out by selecting proper technological parameters, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the automatic processing integrating measuring and grinding is realized; meanwhile, the invention has simple operation and reduces the technical requirements on operators.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a measurement-machining integrated numerical control deep hole grinding machine according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the large depth to diameter ratio hole grinding process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a lathe bed 1, a 2Z-axis workbench, a 3 workpiece, a 4 grinding wheel, a 5 center frame, a 6 grinding wheel dresser, a 7 grinding rod, an 8X-axis workbench, a 9 measuring rod, a 10 measuring pin, a11 measuring pin ball a, a 12 measuring pin ball b, a 13 three-jaw chuck, a 14 spindle box and a 15 motor.
Detailed Description
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts.
A measuring and grinding integrated processing method for a hole with a large depth-diameter ratio is realized based on a measuring-processing integrated numerical control deep hole grinding machine shown in figure 1, and the grinding machine comprises a machine body 1, a Z-axis workbench 2, a center frame 5, a grinding wheel dresser 6, a grinding rod 7, an X-axis workbench 8, a measuring rod 9, a measuring needle 10, a measuring needle ball head a11, a measuring needle ball head b12, a three-jaw chuck 13, a spindle box 14 and a motor 15. The X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 are arranged on the bed body 1 and can move on the bed body 1 along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, one end of the grinding rod 7 is clamped and fixed on the X-axis workbench 8 through a tensioning sleeve, the other end of the grinding rod is connected with the grinding wheel 4, one end of the measuring rod 9 is clamped and fixed on the X-axis workbench 8 through the tensioning sleeve, and the other end of the measuring rod is connected with the measuring needle 10. The workpiece 3 is mounted on the Z-axis table 2, one end of the workpiece 3 is connected to a three-jaw chuck 13, the three-jaw chuck 13 is connected to a motor 15 through a headstock 14, and the other end of the workpiece 3 is supported by a center frame 5.
A measuring and grinding integrated processing method for a hole with a large depth-diameter ratio is shown in figure 2 and comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the machine tool, installing the workpiece 3 and the grinding wheel 4, and confirming that the working state and the machining program of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to a Z-direction safety position coordinate Z1＝Z0-180, wherein Z0When the right end face of the grinding wheel 4 is contacted with the left end face of the workpiece 3, the Z-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool, namely Z0Is the zero point of the workpiece in the 3Z direction;
s3, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safe position coordinate X0，X0When the rotation center of the workpiece 3 coincides with the axis of the grinding rod 7, the X-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool is obtained;
s4, pore diameter measurement: controlling the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to move, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring needle 10, recording X-direction and Z-direction coordinates of a ball head of the measuring needle at the corresponding aperture in a machine tool coordinate system, and taking the minimum value D in the measured apertureminAnd the coordinate (X) of the ball of the stylus at its corresponding position in the machine coordinate system2,Z2)；
S5, tool setting of a grinding wheel: at the position of the minimum cross section of the aperture of the workpiece 3, according to the relative position relationship between the grinding wheel 4 and the ball head of the measuring probe, the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel 4 is completed by utilizing acoustic emission, and the coordinate values (X-direction and Z-direction coordinate values) of the grinding wheel 4 in the machine tool coordinate system at the moment are recorded3,Z3) And controls the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to an X-direction safety position X0And Z-direction safety position Z1；
S6, judging the machining allowance delta0＝D0+EI-DminIf > 0.5mm is true, yes, go to step S7, no, go to step S11, where D is0Is the nominal aperture of the workpiece 3, and EI is the lower deviation of the aperture;
s7, starting the workpiece spindle motor 15 to drive the workpiece 3 to rotate to a working rotating speed through the three-jaw chuck 13, and simultaneously starting the grinding wheel spindle to the working rotating speed, wherein rough machining parameters are adopted, and Xs is used as the following for installing the grinding rod 7The maximum bending deformation allowed in full use controls the prepressing quantity of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to be Xap0，2/3Xs＜Xap0≤Xs；
S8, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aMoving to Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number of grinding cycles n in the rough machining stage1Wherein L is the length of an inner hole of the workpiece 3, and delta b is more than or equal to 01≤1/2B，1/2B≤Δb2B is not more than B, B is the width of the grinding wheel 4, f is not less than 100mm/mina≤200mm/min；
S9, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000051
If true, execute step S10, if true, execute step S8, where N is11, 2 and 3 …, the specific value is determined according to the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 at the rough machining stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta0Determining;
s10, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring needle, and recording the minimum aperture as D1；
S11, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.1mm1＝D0+EI-D1If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm, if yes, executing the step S12, and if not, executing the step S8;
s12, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting semi-finishing parametersp0，1/3Xs＜Xap0≤2/3Xs；
S13, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number n of grinding cycles in the semi-finishing stage2；
S14, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000052
If true, go to step S15, No, go to step S13, where N is21, 2 and 3 …, the specific value is determined according to the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 at the semi-finishing stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta1Determining;
s15, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D2；
S16, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.01mm2＝D0+EI-D2If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1mm, if yes, executing the step S17, and if not, executing the step S13;
s17, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to apply the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 by adopting the finish machining parametersp0，1/4Xs＜Xap0≤1/3Xs；
S18, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1；
S19, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D3；
S20, judging the machining allowance delta3＝D0+EI-D3If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.01mm, if yes, executing the step S21, and if not, executing the step S18;
s21, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting the final stage processing parametersp0，0≤Xap0≤1/4Xs；
S22, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlFeeding cutting depth a of X-axis worktable 8 of machine toolp，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktable 2aMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1；
S23, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D4；
S24, judgment D0+EI≤D4≤D0If + ES is established, if yes, step S25 is executed, if no, step S22 is executed;
s25, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safety position X0Z-axis workbench 2 rapidly moves to Z-direction safety position Z1And finishing the grinding processing.
The specific method for completing the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel 4 by using acoustic emission in the step S5 is the same as that described in chinese patent No. CN201710047333.3, and specifically includes: according to the coordinate (X) of the corresponding measuring needle ball head b12 at the minimum measuring section of the bore diameter in a bed coordinate system2,Z2) And determining the coordinates (including the safety allowance in the X direction and the Z direction) of the target tool setting position of the grinding wheel by measuring the relative position relationship between the ball head b12 and the grinding wheel 4 in the X direction and the Z direction, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to enable the grinding wheel 4 to rapidly move to the target tool setting position and switch to slow movement, monitoring the contact state between the grinding wheel 4 and the workpiece 3 through a fluid acoustic emission sensor, generating transient elastic waves, namely acoustic emission signals, by friction between the grinding wheel 4 and the workpiece 3 and material removal of the workpiece 3 when the grinding wheel 4 is in contact with the workpiece 3, detecting the acoustic emission signals when the grinding wheel 4 is in contact with the workpiece 3 through the fluid acoustic emission sensor, finishing the precise tool setting of the grinding wheel 4 and the workpiece 3, and recording the coordinate values (X direction and Z direction) of the grinding wheel 43,Z3)。
In addition, the number of grinding cycles for which the grinding wheel 4 has reached wear in the different grinding stages is determined
Figure BDA0002103661760000061
(wherein N is the largest integer, G is the grinding ratio determined by a process test based on the materials of the grinding wheel 4 and the workpiece 3 to be machined, vGrinding wheelThe abrasion loss of the grinding wheel 4 is D ═ Dmin、D1、D2、D3，apCorresponding to the cutting depth of one machining stage), the grinding wheel 4 is dressed after it has worn out, and the dressing amount b of the grinding wheel 4 is compensated into the machine tool X-feed coordinate.
Example 1
And S1, starting the machine tool, respectively installing the workpiece 3 and the grinding wheel 4 on the Z-axis workbench 2 and the grinding rod 7, and confirming that the working state and the machining program of the machine tool are normal.
S2, controlling the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to a Z-direction safety position coordinate Z1＝Z0-180, wherein Z0When the right end face of the grinding wheel 4 is contacted with the left end face of the workpiece 3, the Z-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool, namely Z0Is the zero point of the workpiece in the 3Z direction.
S3, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safe position coordinate X0，X0The X-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool is obtained when the rotation center of the workpiece 3 is coincident with the axis of the grinding rod 7.
S4, pore diameter measurement: controlling the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to move, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring needle 10, recording X-direction and Z-direction coordinates of a measuring needle ball head b12 at the position corresponding to the aperture in a machine tool coordinate system, and taking the minimum value D in the measured apertureminAnd the coordinates (X) of the stylus ball b12 at its corresponding position in the machine coordinate system2,Z2)。
S5, tool setting of a grinding wheel: at the position of the minimum section of the aperture of the workpiece 3, according to the relative position relationship between the grinding wheel 4 and the measuring probe ball b12, the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel 4 is completed by utilizing acoustic emission, and the coordinate values (X-direction and Z-direction coordinate values) of the grinding wheel 4 in the machine tool coordinate system at the moment are recorded3,Z3) And controls the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to an X-direction safety position X0And Z-direction safety position Z1。
S6, judging the machining allowance delta0＝D0+EI-DminIf > 0.5mm is true, yes, go to step S7, no, go to step S11, where D is0Is the nominal aperture of the workpiece 3 and EI is the lower deviation of the aperture.
S7, starting the workpiece spindle motor 15 to drive the workpiece spindle motor through the three-jaw chuck 13The part 3 rotates to the working rotating speed, meanwhile, the grinding wheel spindle is started to the working rotating speed, rough machining parameters are adopted, the maximum allowable bending deformation amount of the grinding rod in the embodiment is 0.7mm, and the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool is controlledp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.65mm。
S8, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp30 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap30 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number of grinding cycles n in the rough machining stage1Wherein L is the length of the inner hole of the workpiece 3, Δ b1＝Δb21/2B, B is the width of the grinding wheel 4.
S9, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000071
If true, execute step S10, if true, execute step S8, where N is1＝4。
S10, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D1。
S11, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.1mm1＝D0+EI-D1If not more than 0.5mm is established, if yes, step S12 is executed, and if no, step S8 is executed.
S12, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting semi-finishing parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.4mm。
S13, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp20 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap20 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number n of grinding cycles in the semi-finishing stage2。
S14, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000072
If true, go to step S15, No, go to step S13, where N is2＝2。
S15, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D2。
S16, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.01mm2＝D0+EI-D2If not more than 0.1mm is true, if yes, step S17 is executed, and if no, step S13 is executed.
S17, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to apply the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 by adopting the finish machining parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.2mm。
S18, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool p8 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap8 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S19, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D3。
S20, judging the machining allowance delta3＝D0+EI-D3If not greater than 0.01mm, if yes, go to step S21, if no, go to step S18.
S21, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting the final stage processing parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.15mm。
S22, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp2 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap2 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S23, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring needle 10, and measuring the minimumThe pore diameter is denoted D4。
S24, judgment D0+EI≤D4≤D0If + ES is established, if yes, step S25 is executed, and if no, step S22 is executed.
S25, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safety position X0Z-axis workbench 2 rapidly moves to Z-direction safety position Z1And finishing the grinding processing.
Grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in rough machining stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000081
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in semi-finishing stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000082
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in finishing stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000083
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in final machining stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000084
And (4) performing grinding wheel dressing after the times (wherein N is the maximum integer), and compensating the grinding wheel dressing amount of each stage into the X-direction feeding coordinate of the machine tool.
Example 2
And S1, starting the machine tool, respectively installing the workpiece 3 and the grinding wheel 4 on the Z-axis workbench 2 and the grinding rod 7, and confirming that the working state and the machining program of the machine tool are normal.
S2, controlling the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to a Z-direction safety position coordinate Z1＝Z0-180, wherein Z0When the right end face of the grinding wheel 4 is contacted with the left end face of the workpiece 3, the Z-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool, namely Z0Is the zero point of the workpiece in the 3Z direction.
S3, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safe position coordinate X0，X0When the rotation center of the workpiece 3 is coincident with the axis of the grinding rod 7Machine X-axis raster coordinate values.
S4, pore diameter measurement: controlling the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to move, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring needle 10, recording X-direction and Z-direction coordinates of a measuring needle ball head b12 at the position corresponding to the aperture in a machine tool coordinate system, and taking the minimum value D in the measured apertureminAnd the coordinates (X) of the stylus ball b12 at its corresponding position in the machine coordinate system2,Z2)。
S5, tool setting of a grinding wheel: at the position of the minimum section of the aperture of the workpiece 3, according to the relative position relationship between the grinding wheel 4 and the measuring probe ball b12, the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel 4 is completed by utilizing acoustic emission, and the coordinate values (X-direction and Z-direction coordinate values) of the grinding wheel 4 in the machine tool coordinate system at the moment are recorded3,Z3) And controls the X-axis workbench 8 and the Z-axis workbench 2 of the machine tool to rapidly move to an X-direction safety position X0And Z-direction safety position Z1。
S6, judging the machining allowance delta0＝D0+EI-DminIf > 0.5mm is true, yes, go to step S7, no, go to step S11, where D is0Is the nominal aperture of the workpiece 3 and EI is the lower deviation of the aperture.
S7, starting the workpiece spindle motor 15 to drive the workpiece 3 to rotate to a working rotating speed through the three-jaw chuck 13, simultaneously starting the grinding wheel spindle to the working rotating speed, adopting rough machining parameters, wherein the maximum allowable bending deformation of the grinding rod of the embodiment is 0.7mm, and controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to apply the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7p0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.5mm。
S8, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp20 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap23 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number of grinding cycles n in the rough machining stage1Wherein L is the length of the inner hole of the workpiece 3, Δ b1＝1/5B，Δb2B is the width of the grinding wheel 4.
S9, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000091
If true, execute step S10, if true, execute step S8, where N is1＝6。
S10, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D1。
S11, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.1mm1＝D0+EI-D1If not more than 0.5mm is established, if yes, step S12 is executed, and if no, step S8 is executed.
S12, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting semi-finishing parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.25mm。
S13, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool p12 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap12 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number n of grinding cycles in the semi-finishing stage2。
S14, judgment
Figure BDA0002103661760000092
If true, go to step S15, No, go to step S13, where N is2＝3。
S15, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D2。
S16, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.01mm2＝D0+EI-D2If not more than 0.1mm is true, if yes, step S17 is executed, and if no, step S13 is executed.
S17, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to apply the prepressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 by adopting the finish machining parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.18mm。
S18, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool p4 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap4 μm, the Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S19, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D3。
S20, judging the machining allowance delta3＝D0+EI-D3If not greater than 0.01mm, if yes, go to step S21, if no, go to step S18.
S21, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod 7 applied by the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool by adopting the final stage processing parametersp0At this time, the preload amount Xap0＝0.08mm。
S22, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine toolp1 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min in Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable 8 of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap1 μm, Z-axis table 2 has a reciprocating speed fa160mm/min to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1。
S23, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece 3 by using the measuring pin 10, and recording the minimum aperture as D4。
S24, judgment D0+EI≤D4≤D0If + ES is established, if yes, step S25 is executed, and if no, step S22 is executed.
S25, controlling the X-axis workbench 8 of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safety position X0Z-axis workbench 2 rapidly moves to Z-direction safety position Z1And finishing the grinding processing.
Grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in rough machining stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000101
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in semi-finishing stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000102
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; finish machiningStaged grinding wheel reciprocating grinding
Figure BDA0002103661760000103
After the next time (wherein N is the maximum integer), carrying out grinding wheel dressing; grinding wheel reciprocating grinding in final machining stage
Figure BDA0002103661760000104
And (4) performing grinding wheel dressing after the times (wherein N is the maximum integer), and compensating the grinding wheel dressing amount of each stage into the X-direction feeding coordinate of the machine tool.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the equivalents and modifications thereof are covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The integrated machining method for measuring and grinding the hole with the large depth-diameter ratio is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, starting the machine tool, installing the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and confirming that the working state and the processing program of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to a Z-direction safety position coordinate Z1＝Z0-180, wherein Z0When the right end face of the grinding wheel is contacted with the left end face of the workpiece, the Z-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool, namely Z0Is a zero point of the workpiece in the Z direction;
s3, controlling the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safe position coordinate X0，X0When the rotation center of the workpiece is coincident with the axis of the grinding rod, the X-axis raster coordinate value of the machine tool is obtained;
s4, pore diameter measurement: controlling the X-axis workbench and the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to move, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using the measuring needle, recording X-direction and Z-direction coordinates of a ball head of the measuring needle at the corresponding aperture in a machine tool coordinate system, and taking the minimum value D in the measured aperturesminAnd the coordinate (X) of the ball of the stylus at its corresponding position in the machine coordinate system2,Z2)；
S5, tool setting of a grinding wheel: at the smallest cross section of the workpiece apertureAccording to the relative position relationship between the grinding wheel and the probe ball, the quick tool setting of the grinding wheel is completed by utilizing acoustic emission, and the coordinate values (X-direction and Z-direction) of the grinding wheel in the machine tool coordinate system at the moment are recorded3,Z3) And controlling the X-axis workbench and the Z-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to an X-direction safety position X0And Z-direction safety position Z1；
S6, judging the machining allowance delta0＝D0+EI-DminIf > 0.5mm is true, yes, go to step S7, no, go to step S11, where D is0Is the nominal aperture of the workpiece, and EI is the lower deviation of the aperture;
s7, starting a workpiece spindle motor to drive a workpiece to rotate to a working rotating speed through a three-jaw chuck, simultaneously starting a grinding wheel spindle to the working rotating speed, adopting rough machining parameters, wherein Xs is the maximum bending deformation allowed when the grinding rod is safely used, and controlling the pre-pressing amount of the grinding rod applied to the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to be Xap0，2/3Xs＜Xap0≤Xs；
S8, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，20μm＜apLess than or equal to 30 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number of grinding cycles n in the rough machining stage1Wherein L is the length of the inner hole of the workpiece, and delta b is more than or equal to 01≤1/2B，1/2B≤Δb2B is not more than B, B is the width of the grinding wheel, f is not less than 100mm/mina≤200mm/min；
S9, judgment
Figure FDA0002661850990000011
YES, go to step S10, NO, go to step S8, where N11, 2 and 3 …, the concrete value is determined according to the grinding rod prepressing Xa of the rough machining stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta0Determining;
s10, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D1；
S11, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.1mm1＝D0+EI-D1If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm, if yes, executing the step S12, and if not, executing the step S8;
s12, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting semi-finishing parametersp0，1/3Xs＜Xap0≤2/3Xs；
S13, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，10μm＜apLess than or equal to 20 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1Recording the number n of grinding cycles in the semi-finishing stage2；
S14, judgment
Figure FDA0002661850990000021
YES in step S15, NO, go to step S13, where N21, 2 and 3 …, the concrete value is according to the grinding rod prepressing amount Xa of the semi-finishing stagep0Cutting depth apAnd a machining allowance delta1Determining;
s15, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D2；
S16, judging that the machining allowance is more than delta and 0.01mm2＝D0+EI-D2If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1mm, if yes, executing the step S17, and if not, executing the step S13;
s17, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting the finish machining parametersp0，1/4Xs＜Xap0≤1/3Xs；
S18, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，2μm＜apLess than or equal to 10 mu m, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1；
S19, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D3；
S20, judging the machining allowance delta3＝D0+EI-D3If the thickness is less than or equal to 0.01mm, if yes, executing the step S21, and if not, executing the step S18;
s21, controlling the pre-pressing amount Xa of the grinding rod applied by the X-axis workbench of the machine tool by adopting the final stage machining parametersp0，0≤Xap0≤1/4Xs；
S22, controlling the feeding depth a of the X-axis workbench of the machine toolp，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 microns, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaIn the Z-direction coordinate Z0+Δb2Then controlling the X-axis worktable of the machine tool to feed the cutting depth ap，0＜apLess than or equal to 2 microns, the reciprocating speed f of the Z-axis worktableaMoving to Z coordinate Z0+L+Δb1；
S23, measuring the aperture of each section of the workpiece by using a measuring pin, and recording the minimum aperture as D4；
S24, judgment D0+EI≤D4≤D0If + ES is established, if yes, step S25 is executed, if no, step S22 is executed;
s25, controlling the X-axis workbench of the machine tool to rapidly move to the X-direction safety position X0Z-axis workbench rapidly moves to Z-direction safety position Z1Finishing grinding processing;
determining the number of grinding cycles for which the grinding wheel has reached wear in different stages of grinding
Figure FDA0002661850990000022
Wherein N is the maximum integer, G is the grinding ratio determined by the process test according to the grinding wheel and the processed workpiece material, vGrinding wheelD is the abrasion loss of the grinding wheelmin、D1、D2、D3，apCutting depth corresponding to each processing stage; the grinding wheel is dressed after being worn, and the grinding wheel dressing amount b is compensated into the X-direction feeding coordinate of the machine tool.
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