CN1103258C - 车削旋转金属工件的方法 - Google Patents

车削旋转金属工件的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1103258C
CN1103258C CN99810932A CN99810932A CN1103258C CN 1103258 C CN1103258 C CN 1103258C CN 99810932 A CN99810932 A CN 99810932A CN 99810932 A CN99810932 A CN 99810932A CN 1103258 C CN1103258 C CN 1103258C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting edge
work piece
turning
workpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN99810932A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1318004A (zh
Inventor
艾勒特·考托
诺贝特·柯尼希
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seco Tools AB
Original Assignee
Seco Tools AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seco Tools AB filed Critical Seco Tools AB
Publication of CN1318004A publication Critical patent/CN1318004A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1103258C publication Critical patent/CN1103258C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/06—Profile cutting tools, i.e. forming-tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/22—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/2272—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
    • Y10T407/2282—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder including tool holding clamp and clamp actuator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/10—Process of turning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
    • Y10T82/16016—Processes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种车削旋转金属工件的方法，该工件的硬度在45-65HRC范围内。一车刀(10)包括一切削刀片夹持器(11)和一安装在其中的切削刀片(12)，该车刀(10)与相对于该车刀旋转的工件接触。该切削刀片具有一由硬度大于烧结硬质合金的立方氮化硼制成的切削刃(14，14＇)，并具有一切削刃长度。该切削刀片沿方向(F)进给到旋转工件中一定距离，该距离短于切削刃长度，从而获得一最大为0.2微米的表面光洁度Ra。起作用的切削刃(14)的端部位于与工件(13)的接触区之外。

Description

车削旋转金属工件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车削旋转金属工件的方法。
现有技术
多晶立方氮化硼，PCBN，是仅次于金刚石的最硬的材料。与金刚石相反，PCBN在高温时稳定，这意味着车削45-65HRC的硬化钢成为可能，而且具有经济上有利的切削数据。这在当今现代机械加工工业中通过车削过去常常进行磨削的硬化零件而得到应用。高效CNC车床能够快速和灵活地在表面粗糙度和公差方面加工到与磨削同等的质量，但成本更低，加工时间更短。在磨削和硬车削过程中会发生马氏体相变，即所谓白层，如加工表面上的残余应变。这些现象取决于热量的产生及切削过程中的机械应变，且它们受切削数据、刀具形状以及刀具路径的选择的影响。
目前使用的用于机械加工的硬车削方法试图使切削刀片与工件表面之间的接触尽可能少，从而满足精加工零件的质量要求。这意味着进行加工时切削深度和进给量较小，而切削角部相对较尖锐。接触较少的切削角部通过使用以下数量级的典型切削数据而从加工表面起点到达其终点：切削深度ap＝0.1毫米、进给量f＝0.1毫米/转、和切削速度为150米/分钟。
发明目的
本发明的目的是提供一种用于硬车削的方法，它包括了现有技术的优点。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于硬车削的方法，从而显著减少对硬化零件进行精车削的加工时间。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于硬车削的方法，从而提高对硬化零件进行精车削的表面质量。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种用于硬车削的方法，从而将加工表面中存在的白层和残余应变减到最少。
根据本发明的一种车削旋转金属工件的方法，该工件的硬度在45-65HRC范围内，其中，一车刀包括一切削刀片夹持器和一安装在其中的切削刀片，该车刀与相对于该车刀旋转的工件接触，其中切削刀片具有切削刃，切削刃由硬度大于烧结硬质合金的立方氮化硼制成，且切削刃长度为；其特征在于，切削刀片沿一个方向进给到旋转工件内部一定距离，该距离短于切削刃长度，从而使得表面光洁度Ra最大为0.2微米，并且起作用的切削刃的端部位于与工件的接触区之外。
附图简介
图1和1A以剖面图示出与一刀具接触之前的齿轮，图2和2A以剖面图示出与刀具接触之前的滚珠轴承环。
发明详述
图1和1A中示出一车刀10，该车刀10包括一切削刀片夹持器11和一安装在其中的切削刀片12。该切削刀片由硬度大于烧结硬质合金的材料制成，即大于1500HV1(载荷为1千克时的维氏硬度)。这里“烧结硬质合金”指的是结合有如Co或Ni的粘结剂金属的WC，TiC，TaC，NbC等。图1和1A中的切削刀片具有带有三个切削刃14的三角形的基本形状。每个切削刃14位于刀片两相邻切削角部之间且切削刃长度为L1，该长度L1由可获得的最大刀片刃限定。通过将PCBN刀片加工成具有与精加工零件13的导向面15相同的形状，切削可以更快地进行，因为所有的切削刃轮廓都同时啮合，而进给沿与现有技术中进给相反的方向进行。因此切削刀片仅沿一个方向F进给一个小于切削刃长度L1的距离。零件13的精加工表面15的长度为L2。切削刃长度L1总大于接触区长度L2，因而在车削过程中起作用的切削刃14的端部位于与工件13的接触区外面。从而获得了最大值为0.2微米的表面粗糙度Ra。
试验表明，使用本发明的方法，切削时间可以减少到使用常规硬车削方法时间的十分之一。令人完全吃惊的是，已经显示存在的白层减少了，而且似乎张力也变小了。
例1.根据图1和1A切削用于变速箱的齿轮13的外部导向面15，该齿轮13硬度为59HRC。
常规方法：
a.用一中性菱形切削刀片粗车削，vc＝130米/分钟，f＝0.16毫米/转，ap＝0.1毫米，这里vc为切削速度，f为进给速度，ap为切削深度。
b.根据以上进行精车削，但f＝0.06毫米/转，ap＝0.05毫米，获得的表面光洁度Ra为0.3微米，具有常规车削一般的表面质量，即在产生的表面上完全可以看见的螺旋状螺脊，间隔为0.06毫米。
根据本发明的方法：
用一三角形切削刀片12切削，其中切削刀片刃的80％处于接触状态，vc＝200米/分钟，f＝0.05毫米/转，其中省略了参数“切削深度”，仅沿垂直于工件旋转轴线CL的方向F进给过程中获得的表面光洁度Ra为0.2微米。这里“省略”意思是切削深度不是本发明方法中的一个参数。与常规切削相比节省时间60％，并且该车削产生了一个完全光亮的表面。
图2和2A中示出车刀10′的一可替换实施例，包括一切削刀片夹持器11′和安装在其中的一成形刀片12′。切削刀片12′的硬度相对于工件13′的硬度与上面结合图1和图1A所讨论的相同。切削刀片12′具有三角形的基本形状，但具有至少一个凸形切削刃。由可得到的最大刀片刃14′的长度限定的切削刃长度L1′总是大于接触区的长度L2′，因而在车削过程中起作用的切削刃14′的端部位于与工件13′的接触区之外。
例2.根据图2和2A切削硬度为58HRC的滚珠轴承环13′的内轴承座圈15′。
常规方法：
a.用一正三角形的切削刀片粗车削，其中vc＝150米/分钟，f＝0.1毫米/转，ap＝0.15毫米。
b.根据以上进行精车削，但vc＝180米/分钟，ap＝0.05毫米，获得的表面光洁度Ra为0.3微米，具有常规车削一般的表面质量，即在产生的表面上完全可以看见的螺旋形状的螺脊，间隔为0.06毫米。
根据本发明的方法：
在vc＝400米/分钟，f＝0.02毫米/转的情况下用成形刀片12′加工产生精加工表面，这里省略了参数“切削深度”，在仅沿垂直于工件旋转轴线CL的方向F进给所获得的表面光洁度Ra为0.2微米。根据零件尺寸的不同，与常规切削相比节省时间50-90％。滚珠轴承环13′的内轴承座圈15′通过本发明的方法获得了完全光亮的表面，这提高了轴承座圈的疲劳强度，并降低了轴承中的滚动阻力。
通过本发明的方法，在多数情况下可以省略随后的珩磨和磨光。
因此本发明涉及一种用于车削旋转金属工件的方法，这里省略了切削深度，其中对硬化零件进行精车削的切削时间显著减少，并减少了精加工表面上白层和张力的存在。

Claims (3)

1.一种车削旋转金属工件的方法，该工件的硬度在45-65HRC范围内，其中，一车刀(10；10′)包括一切削刀片夹持器(11；11′)和一安装在其中的切削刀片(12；12′)，该车刀(10；10′)与相对于该车刀旋转的工件接触，其中切削刀片具有切削刃(14；14′)，切削刃(14；14′)由硬度大于烧结硬质合金的立方氮化硼制成，且切削刃长度为(L1；L1′)；
其特征在于，切削刀片沿一个方向(F)进给到旋转工件内部一定距离，该距离短于切削刃长度(L1；L1′)，从而使得表面光洁度Ra最大为0.2微米，并且起作用的切削刃(14；14′)的端部位于与工件(13；13′)的接触区之外。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，使大部分有效切削刃(14；14′)，最好是至少80％的有效切削刃与工件瞬间接触。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，切削刀片(12；12′)相对于旋转工件仅沿一个方向(F)进给。
CN99810932A 1998-06-15 1999-09-13 车削旋转金属工件的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1103258C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9803111A SE9803111L (sv) 1998-06-15 1998-06-15 Metod
SE98031115 1998-09-15
US09/396,467 US6332385B1 (en) 1998-06-15 1999-09-15 Method of turning a rotating metallic workpiece

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1318004A CN1318004A (zh) 2001-10-17
CN1103258C true CN1103258C (zh) 2003-03-19

Family

ID=26663398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN99810932A Expired - Fee Related CN1103258C (zh) 1998-06-15 1999-09-13 车削旋转金属工件的方法

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6332385B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1121215B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1103258C (zh)
SE (1) SE9803111L (zh)
WO (1) WO2000015372A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10113707C1 (de) * 2001-03-16 2002-10-10 Mapal Fab Praezision Werkzeug zur spanabtragenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks aus hochfestem Material
US20030110781A1 (en) 2001-09-13 2003-06-19 Zbigniew Zurecki Apparatus and method of cryogenic cooling for high-energy cutting operations
US20030145694A1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-07 Zbigniew Zurecki Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect
US7513121B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2009-04-07 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials
SE527543C2 (sv) * 2004-08-30 2006-04-04 Sandvik Intellectual Property Skärläge med spårförsedd stödyta
US7634957B2 (en) 2004-09-16 2009-12-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method and apparatus for machining workpieces having interruptions
US7434439B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2008-10-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryofluid assisted forming method
US7390240B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2008-06-24 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of shaping and forming work materials
CN102059349B (zh) * 2010-11-18 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 采用金刚石刀具超精密车削模具钢材料的加工方法
CN104994980A (zh) * 2012-12-19 2015-10-21 铁姆肯公司 双刀尖刀具及硬车削的方法
KR102017103B1 (ko) * 2017-02-17 2019-09-03 주식회사 엠에스 오토텍 핫스탬핑 부품의 제조방법
EP3501701B1 (de) * 2017-12-22 2020-07-29 Ceratizit Austria Gesellschaft m.b.H. Werkzeugsystem und verfahren zur drehbearbeitung
CN108543954B (zh) * 2018-04-13 2020-08-18 成都曼德希科技有限公司 利用车刀的刹车盘生产工艺
JP2022092449A (ja) * 2020-12-10 2022-06-22 オークマ株式会社 ワークの旋削加工方法及び工作機械
CN114619056A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2022-06-14 苏州领裕电子科技有限公司 盘刀解除阴阳面的切削方法
US11806796B2 (en) * 2021-03-15 2023-11-07 Kennametal Inc. Cutting insert and cutting tool comprising cutting insert

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829859A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-05-16 Ulticon Systems, Inc. Method of high speed machining
EP0744242A2 (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-27 Sandvik Aktiebolag Metal cutting inserts having superhard abrasive bodies and methods of making same
EP0911099A1 (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of cutting hardened steel with high accuracy

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1248519A (en) * 1984-04-03 1989-01-10 Tetsuo Nakai Composite tool and a process for the production of the same
GB9003697D0 (en) * 1990-02-19 1990-04-18 Iscar Hartmetall A metal cutting tool
SE500310C2 (sv) * 1990-12-03 1994-05-30 Sandvik Ab Skär och verktyg för skalsvarvning
SE502261C2 (sv) * 1991-03-04 1995-09-25 Sandvik Ab Verktyg för skalsvarvning försett med polygonala grovskär och färdigskär
DE4126851A1 (de) * 1991-08-14 1993-02-18 Krupp Widia Gmbh Werkzeug mit verschleissfester schneide aus kubischem bornitrid oder polykristallinem kubischem bornitrid, verfahren zu dessen herstellung sowie dessen verwendung
US5722803A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-03-03 Kennametal Inc. Cutting tool and method of making the cutting tool
US5876160A (en) * 1996-08-21 1999-03-02 Ingersoll Cutting Tool Company Milling with insert having cutting-edge land of width increasing with depth of cut

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829859A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-05-16 Ulticon Systems, Inc. Method of high speed machining
EP0744242A2 (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-27 Sandvik Aktiebolag Metal cutting inserts having superhard abrasive bodies and methods of making same
EP0911099A1 (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of cutting hardened steel with high accuracy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1121215A1 (en) 2001-08-08
SE9803111L (sv) 2000-03-16
CN1318004A (zh) 2001-10-17
EP1121215B1 (en) 2004-01-14
US6332385B1 (en) 2001-12-25
WO2000015372A1 (en) 2000-03-23
SE9803111D0 (sv) 1998-06-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1103258C (zh) 车削旋转金属工件的方法
Chen et al. High-performance machining of SiC whisker-reinforced aluminium composite by self-propelled rotary tools
Rahman et al. Machinability of titanium alloys
König et al. Machining of hard materials
US20010024602A1 (en) Reaming tool and process for its production
US4539875A (en) High-speed metal cutting method and self-sharpening tool constructions and arrangements implementing same
JPH06218613A (ja) むくのボールノーズ工具
CN1498722A (zh) 侧面超磨削加工
Ezugwu et al. Failure modes and wear mechanisms of M35 high-speed steel drills when machining inconel 901
US5145530A (en) Method of surface hardening titanium and other metals
Hirst Imperialism and Finance
Mativenga et al. A study of cutting forces and surface finish in high-speed machining of AISI H13 tool steel using carbide tools with TiAIN based coatings
US4606684A (en) Method for machining bodies of revolution with use of rotary tool
US5038645A (en) Wear resistant cutting tools and shaping method
US6629806B1 (en) Process for metal-removing machining
JPH09192930A (ja) ねじ切りフライス
Čerče et al. Increasing machinability of grey cast iron using cubic boron nitride tools: Evaluation of wear mechanisms
Heath Ultrahard tool materials
KR100676248B1 (ko) 회전하는 금속공작물을 선삭하는 방법
Mesquita et al. Effect of chip-breaker geometries on cutting forces
JP3354905B2 (ja) 荒切削用総形フライス
EP1093875B1 (en) Cutting insert with polycrystalline hard sintered material
JP2001287116A (ja) ブローチ加工方法
CN218487289U (zh) Cbn高速大进给精密铣刀片
JP2001293609A (ja) 仕上げ用ボールエンドミル

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20030319

Termination date: 20150913

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model