CN110325793A - The method of operation of boiler, boiler system and boiler - Google Patents

The method of operation of boiler, boiler system and boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110325793A
CN110325793A CN201880011465.3A CN201880011465A CN110325793A CN 110325793 A CN110325793 A CN 110325793A CN 201880011465 A CN201880011465 A CN 201880011465A CN 110325793 A CN110325793 A CN 110325793A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
steam
boiler
gas
boil
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Granted
Application number
CN201880011465.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110325793B (en
Inventor
寺原贵澄
高本健太
天野英辉
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Marine Machinery and Equipment Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Publication of CN110325793A publication Critical patent/CN110325793A/en
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Publication of CN110325793B publication Critical patent/CN110325793B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/001Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space spraying nozzle combined with forced draft fan in one unit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/14Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type during the starting-up periods, i.e. during the periods between the lighting of the furnaces and the attainment of the normal operating temperature of the steam boilers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D17/00Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23QIGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q3/00Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2204/00Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply
    • F23D2204/10Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply gaseous and liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2207/00Ignition devices associated with burner
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23QIGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q3/00Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
    • F23Q3/008Structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

It is an object of the invention to be capable of handling boil-off gas, while utilizing the energy of boil-off gas.Boiler is the boiler for being supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the LNG tank for be stored with LNG, has the burner (23) for making boil-off gas burn.The intermittent discharge formula igniter (43) that burner (23) has the frequency for issuing spark when continuous discharge formula igniter and igniting higher than continuous discharge formula igniter (56).Intermittent discharge formula igniter (43) uses when handling boil-off gas in the boiler.

Description

The method of operation of boiler, boiler system and boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of operation of boiler, boiler system and boiler.
Background technique
LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas: liquefied natural gas) is filled into LNG tank and is removed by LNG carry vessel Fortune.Since the gasification temperature for the LNG being filled into LNG tank is low, by outside air temperature etc. in the navigation of LNG carry vessel It influences, a large amount of gasifying gas (boil-off gas) is generated in LNG tank.When generating boil-off gas in LNG tank, LNG tank Pressure rises, but boil-off gas is mainly consumed by host engine of LNG carry vessel etc., thus suitably keeps in LNG tank Pressure.In addition, utilizing GCU (Gas in the case where not handled boil-off gas by the host etc. of LNG carry vessel Combustion Unit: gas combustion unit) etc. so that boil-off gas is burnt, prevent the pressure in LNG tank from rising.As having The LNG carry vessel of such device has LNG carry vessel documented by patent document 1.
In patent document 1, the LNG carry vessel for having gas burner in the downstream of LNG storage tank is disclosed.In patent text In LNG carry vessel documented by offering 1, when the work of boil-off gas reliquefaction installation stops, the pressure of LNG storage tank due to Boil-off gas (boil-off gas) that the inside of LNG storage tank generates and rises, when more than the safe pressure set by reaching, will steam Body (boil-off gas) of getting angry is transported to gas burner (GCU) and is burnt and incinerated.
In addition, there is also the LNG carry vessels for making the boil-off gas generated in LNG tank burn in the boiler.In patent text Offer the existing boiler for disclosing in 2 and boil-off gas being made to burn.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: No. 4563420 bulletins of Japanese Patent No.
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 4-46892 bulletin
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, in GCU, only boil-off gas being burnt and being incinerated in the structure of patent document 1, therefore can not have Effect ground utilizes the energy of boil-off gas.
In addition, being provided only with one kind to setting in the existing boiler for making boil-off gas burn as patent document 2 In the igniter that the burner of boiler is lighted a fire.In order to make boil-off gas burn in the boiler, about the igniting of burner, It needs to distinguish use according to the situation in boiler and LNG tank.However, being provided only with a kind of igniting dress in existing boiler It sets, therefore the redundancy of igniter is low, cannot be distinguished and use igniter corresponding with the situation in boiler and LNG tank.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to provide one kind to be capable of handling boil-off gas, together When can utilize the method for operation of the boiler of energy of boil-off gas, boiler system and boiler.
For solving the technological means of project
In order to solve the above problems, the method for operation of boiler of the invention, boiler system and boiler uses technology below Means.
The boiler of a form of the invention is to be supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel Boiler, has the burner for making the boil-off gas burning, and the burner issues fire when having the first igniter and igniting The second high igniter of the frequency of spark is issued when colored frequency is than first ignition device.
In said structure, the boil-off gas generated in fuel tank is supplied to boiler.Thereby, it is possible to make in fuel tank The boil-off gas of middle generation burns in the boiler.It is therefore not necessary to which the dedicated unit (GCU etc.) for making boil-off gas burn is arranged It is just capable of handling boil-off gas, meanwhile, it is capable to which the energy using boil-off gas generates steam.
In said structure, burner has the frequency for issuing spark when the first igniter and igniting than the first igniting dress The second high igniter of the frequency of sending spark when setting igniting.The frequency ratio of spark is issued when due to the second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when the first ignition device is high, therefore load when igniting is larger, holds compared with the first igniter Easy consumption.That is, on the contrary, due to the first igniter igniting when issue spark frequency than being sent out when the second ignition device The frequency of spark is low out, therefore the not easy consumption compared with the second igniter.In this way, burner is provided with the different igniting of feature Device.Therefore, by distinguishing the igniter different using feature according to the situation in boiler and fuel tank, boil-off gas can be made Body suitably burns and generates steam, and is able to extend the life of product of igniter.
In the boiler of a form of the invention, being also possible to second igniter makes the boil-off gas Burning started in the burner.
When generating boil-off gas in fuel tank, when the pressure in fuel tank is got higher, fuel tank is possible to damaged.Therefore, Burning processing is carried out to boil-off gas and in the case where make the pressure reduction in fuel tank, if the pressure in fuel tank become than Fuel tank is possible to the threshold pressure of the small specified value of pressure of damage, then needs that boil-off gas is made promptly to burn.Therefore, right When boil-off gas carries out burning processing, the preferably up to time until the igniting of burner is shorter.In said structure, make to evaporate When gas burns, the second igniter is used.Second igniter can be lighted a fire with the time shorter than the first igniter, Therefore boil-off gas can be made promptly to burn.Therefore, in the boiler, burning processing can be carried out to boil-off gas, suitably Pressure in fuel tank is maintained into specified value or less.
In the boiler of a form of the invention, it is also possible to the steam drum for having in internal receiving steam, it is described Make when first igniter is the boosting of the steam pressure in the steam drum caused by the burning of the burner With.
In the case where so that boil-off gas is burnt using boiler in the state that steam pressure in steam drum is lower, boiler It is likely to become overload.In addition, due to boiler become overload, in the boiler to boil-off gas carry out burning processing amount by To limitation, it is possible to can not the boil-off gas to desired amount carry out burning processing.Therefore, boil-off gas is made to burn using boiler When, in the case that the steam pressure in steam drum is insufficient, need to carry out the boosting of the steam pressure in steam drum.? In above structure, when carrying out the boosting of the pressure in steam drum, the first igniter is used.Carrying out steam boiler as a result, It, can be without using the second igniter being easy to damage than the first igniter when the boosting of the steam pressure in cylinder.Therefore, energy The frequency of use of the second igniter is enough reduced, the life of product of the second igniter is extended.
The boiler system of a form of the invention is that have the boiler system of above-mentioned boiler, is had: drum pressure detection The steam pressure in the steam drum detects in mechanism, the drum pressure testing agency;Pressure tank testing agency, the tank pressure Tension detection mechanism detects the pressure in the fuel tank;Goal pressure reaches time calculation section, and the goal pressure reaches the time Calculation section is detected based on the drum pressure testing agency in the steam drum steam pressure and as described in progress Target steam pressure in the steam drum of the steam pressure of the burning of boil-off gas, calculates the steaming in the steam drum Atmospheric pressure reaches the time until the target steam pressure;Authorized pressure reaches time calculation section, and the authorized pressure reaches Time calculation section is detected based on the pressure tank testing agency in the fuel tank pressure and as to the fuel tank The authorized pressure in the fuel tank of the pressure of the boil-off gas is supplied, the pressure in the fuel tank is calculated and reaches described Time until authorized pressure;Ignition timing calculation section, the ignition timing calculation section are based on the goal pressure and reach the time When the goal pressure that calculation section calculates reaches the time and the authorized pressure reaches the authorized pressure of time calculation section calculating and reaches Between, ignition timing is calculated, so that the steaming when the pressure in the fuel tank becomes the authorized pressure in the steam drum Atmospheric pressure becomes the target steam pressure;And ignition control mechanism, the ignition control mechanism are calculated in the ignition timing The ignition timing that portion calculates out lights a fire to the burner using first igniter, starts the steam boiler The boosting of steam pressure in cylinder.
In said structure, when the pressure in fuel tank is as the authorized pressure for supplying boil-off gas to boiler, so that The mode that steam pressure in steam drum becomes goal pressure lights a fire to burner.Therefore, make to evaporate using boiler When gas burns, the steam pressure in steam drum can be made to become the steam pressure for being enough to make boil-off gas to burn, Neng Goufang Boiler is only made to become the situation of overload due to boiler steam pressure miss the mark steam pressure, it can be suitably Boil-off gas is set to burn.In addition, according to the difference of the situation of maritime meteorological etc., the generation of the boil-off gas generated in fuel tank The tendency that amount, the i.e. pressure of fuel tank rise can change, therefore start boiler in the authorized pressure being based only upon in fuel tank Boosting in the case where, the burning for being unable to catch up with boil-off gas sometimes starts.In said structure, based in the fuel tank detected Pressure, steam pressure when becoming authorized pressure with the pressure in fuel tank in steam drum becomes target steam pressure Mode calculates ignition timing.Therefore, when the pressure in fuel tank reaches authorized pressure, steam pressure in steam drum is to mesh The boosting of mark pressure terminates, therefore can promptly supply boil-off gas to boiler and make its burning, reduces in fuel tank Pressure.Authorized pressure is, for example, the threshold pressure of specified value smaller than the pressure that fuel tank is possible to damage.
In addition, in said structure, calculate the time until pressure as defined in the pressure in fuel tank reaches, with combustion Pressure in batch can reaches the mode of the time consistency of defined pressure, lights a fire in advance to the burner in steam drum, So that the steam pressure in steam drum is boosted, becomes the state of goal pressure.In this way, due to according to the upper of the pressure in fuel tank Lifting speed carry out steam drum in steam pressure boosting, there is no need in order to make boil-off gas burn and always by steam boiler Steam pressure in cylinder maintains high pressure conditions.Therefore, with remain high in a manner of it can handle always boil-off gas The boiler system of pressure condition is compared, and can be shortened boiler with the time of high-pressure service, can be reduced the fuel (MGO in boiler (Marine Gas Oil: marine gas oil) etc.) consumption.
The method of operation of the boiler of a form of the invention is to be supplied to generate in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel The method of operation of the boiler of boil-off gas, has: boosting process, and the boosting process is described to being set to using the first igniter The burner of boiler is lighted a fire, and the boosting of the steam pressure in the steam drum as caused by the burning of the burner is carried out; And burning process, the burning process carry out a little the burner using the second igniter after the boosting process Fire carries out the burning of the boil-off gas in the burner, and the frequency ratio of spark is issued when second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when first ignition device is high.
Invention effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to handle boil-off gas in the boiler, while the energy of boil-off gas can be utilized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mounted in the overall structure figure of the system of the ship of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2A is the longitudinal section view for showing the burner of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B is the longitudinal section view for showing the burner of embodiments of the present invention, and is to show to light a fire intermittent discharge formula The figure of the state of device pull-up.
Fig. 3 is the bottom view for showing the burner of Fig. 2A.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section view for showing the major part of burner of Fig. 2A.
Fig. 5 is the chart for showing the rising of the pressure in the vapor drum of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the chart for showing the rising of the pressure in the LNG tank of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, referring to attached drawing to an embodiment of the method for operation of boiler of the invention, boiler system and boiler into Row explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler system of present embodiment is for example applied to the host engine 10 for having gas burning LNG carry vessel 2.LNG tank of the LNG carry vessel 2 equipped with storage LNG (fuel tank) 3, the boil-off gas that will generate in LNG tank 3 The energy conservation for burning and generating the boiler 4 of steam, the heat of the exhaust gas generated by host engine 10 being recycled and generated steam Device 5 and the control device 6 for controlling boiler 4.
The boil-off gas generated in LNG tank 3 is by being set to the first supply compressor 13 of boil-off gas supply pipe 12 It is supplied to host engine 10, power generation with multifuel combustion engine (illustration omitted) and reliquefaction installation 15 etc..In host engine 10 And in power generation multifuel combustion engine, so that the boil-off gas being supplied to is burnt, obtain driving force.In reliquefaction installation 15, pass through Compression cools down boil-off gas and keeps boil-off gas re-liquefied, and re-liquefied boil-off gas is made to return to LNG tank via recurrent canal 16 3。
In addition, a part of the boil-off gas generated in LNG tank 3 is via the boil-off gas for connecting LNG tank 3 with boiler 4 Body supply pipe 17 is supplied to boiler 4.It is used when being provided in boil-off gas supply pipe 17 and supplying boil-off gas to boiler 4 Second supply compressor 18 and the ventilation duct 19 for releasing boil-off gas to atmosphere.In addition, being provided with detection in LNG tank 3 The pressure inside the tank meter (pressure tank testing agency) 20 of pressure in LNG tank 3.Pressure inside the tank meter 20 will be in acquired LNG tank 3 Pressure is sent to goods tank control device 40.
Boiler 4 has stove (illustration omitted), the steam drum 21 being disposed above and kettle cylinder 22 arranged below. Stove has burner 23 (referring to Fig. 2A), burns in stove.If lighting a fire in stove to burner 23, in boiler 4 Interior to heat to supplying water, then the steam drum 21 of the kettle cylinder 22 of water from below upwards rises, and gas-liquid is separated by steam drum 21. Drum inner gauge (the drum pressure detection measured to the steam pressure in steam drum 21 is provided in steam drum 21 Mechanism) 24.Drum inner gauge 24 sends the steam pressure in acquired steam drum 21 to control device 6.In addition, Steam drum 21 is connected with to be supplied by the isolated steam of steam drum 21 to power generation turbine 26, condenser 27, steam and use The boiler steam supply pipe 28 of equipment class etc..In power generation with generator 29 is linked in the rotary shaft of turbine 26, generator 29 is logical It crosses the rotary force of power generation turbine 26 and generates electricity.The steam being discharged from power generation turbine 26 is via steam exhaust pipe 30 to condenser 27 supplies.
Energy-saving appliance 5 is provided with two, carries out hot friendship by the burning waste gas and water that will be discharged from host engine 10 respectively It changes and generates steam.Energy-saving appliance 5 is connect with steam drum 21 by economizer vapor supply pipe 32.Economizer vapor supply pipe 32 supply the gas-liquid generated in energy-saving appliance 5 to steam drum 21.In steam drum 21, the steam isolated is via boiler Steam supply pipe 28 is supplied to power generation each equipment such as turbine 26.In addition, kettle cylinder 22 and energy-saving appliance 5 pass through water supplying pipe 33 Connection.Water supplying pipe 33 is supplied the water in kettle cylinder 22 to energy-saving appliance 5 using the pump 34 for being set to half-way.In addition, In addition steam-water separator 35, the gas-liquid separation that will be generated in steam-water separator 35 by energy-saving appliance 5 can be set.In the situation Under, as shown in phantom in Figure 1, energy-saving appliance 5 and steam-water separator 35 pass through economizer vapor supply pipe 36 and water supplying pipe 37 Connection.The steam generated in energy-saving appliance 5 is supplied to steam-water separator 35 using economizer vapor supply pipe 36.Water supplying pipe 37 are supplied the water in steam-water separator 35 to energy-saving appliance 5 using the pump 38 for being set to half-way.In addition, in present embodiment In, two energy-saving appliances 5 are set, but the number of units of energy-saving appliance 5 can be one, are also possible to three or more.
In the present embodiment, boiler system is by boiler 4, control device 6, pressure inside the tank meter 20 and drum inner gauge 24 Deng composition.
Then, it is described in detail using burner 23 of the Fig. 2A to Fig. 4 to the stove for being set to boiler 4.
As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, burner 23 has forms the main burner 41 of flame and to main burner in stove 41 pilot burners 42 lighted a fire and intermittent discharge formula igniter (the second igniter) 43.
It is empty that main burner 41 has the oily supply unit for oil supply, the gas supply part for supplying boil-off gas and supply burning The air flue of gas.
Oily supply unit has the oil stream for making to supply via oil supply road 11 (referring to Fig.1) from fluid supply apparatus (illustration omitted) Logical oily supply pipe 47.Oily supply pipe 47 is formed by the cylindrical member vertically extended in the substantial middle of burner 23, Oil circulates from the top to the bottom in inside.In addition, oily supply pipe 47 is located at the mode in stove with lower end and configures.It is supplied in oil The lower end of pipe 47 is provided with end 48, has passed through the oily to stove internal spraying of end 48.As the oil being supplied to, such as have light Oil, heavy oil etc..
Gas supply part has the gas connecting with the boil-off gas supply pipe 17 for the boil-off gas circulation from LNG tank 3 Body supply chamber 49 and 5 gas service pipes 50 extended downward from gas supply chamber 49.As shown in figure 3,5 gas service pipes 50 are equally spaced configured in a manner of surrounding oily supply pipe 47.In addition, as shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, gas service pipes 50 respectively with Lower end is configured in the mode in stove.The lower end of gas service pipes 50 is provided with nozzle 51, using nozzle 51 to stove Interior ejection boil-off gas.
Air flue is arranged with covering the mode around oily supply pipe 47 and gas service pipes 50.On air flue has The cylindric air flue portion 52 of lower extension, the cylindric burner block extended downward from the lower end in air flue portion 52 53 and multiple swirl vanes 54 for being set in burner block 53.As shown in the arrow of Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B, air flue portion 52 Make the combustion air supplied from air feeder (illustration omitted) in internal circulation.It is installed in the lower part in air flue portion 52 There is cylindric burner block 53, the top of the inner peripheral surface of burner block 53 extends along substantially vertical direction, the lower part of inner peripheral surface Be formed as with to before stove central side and then enlarged-diameter.That is, the lower part of burner block 53 becomes the hollow of truncated cone shape Portion.Multiple swirl vanes 54 are folded between gas service pipes 50 and the outer peripheral surface of oily supply pipe 47, in the week of oily supply pipe 47 It is equally spaced arranged upwards.
As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, pilot burner 42 is supplied near main burner 41 with the oil with main burner 41 The parallel mode of pipe 47 extends, and is located at the position more against the top than the lower end of oily supply pipe 47 and gas service pipes 50 with lower end Mode configures.In addition, as shown in figure 4, pilot burner 42 have vertically extend and fuel feeding internal circulation oil supply To pipe 55, the continuous discharge formula igniter (the first igniter) 56 extended roughly in parallel with oily supply pipe 55 and to cover The pilot burner main part 57 that the oily supply pipe 55 of lid and the mode of continuous discharge formula igniter 56 are arranged.Oily supply pipe 55 make from The oil of oily supply pump (illustration omitted) supply is in internal circulation.In addition, being provided with end 58 in the lower end of oily supply pipe 55, pass through The oil of end 58 is atomized.Continuous discharge formula igniter 56 and igniter are linked with cable 59, by coming from igniter electricity consumption Cable 59 discharges electrically continuously.The lower end of continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is under the vertical for the lower end configured in oily supply pipe 55 The mode of side is bent.That is, by being discharged from the lower end of continuous discharge formula igniter 56 oil gone out by spraying from oily supply pipe 55, To carry out the igniting of pilot burner 42.Flame is formed downwards from pilot burner 42.The flame-shaped of formation becomes, flame Lower end be located at position than the lower end of oily supply pipe 47 and gas service pipes 50 on the lower.That is, using flame is formed by, it is right The oil or gas being discharged from oily supply pipe 47 or gas service pipes 50 are lighted a fire.
As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is near main burner 41 to vertically extend And the mode of lower section close to main burner 41 obliquely configures.It is intermittently put by electricity the lower end of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 Electricity.In addition, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is supported to that predetermined distance can be moved up and down.When being lighted a fire, such as Fig. 2A institute Show, the lower end of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is to be located at the position than the lower end of oily supply pipe 47 and gas service pipes 50 on the lower The mode set configures.It is distributed as a result, by the lower end of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 relative to from oily supply pipe 47 or gas Pipe 50 spraying oil or gas discharge, to light a fire.After firing, as shown in Figure 2 B, it is located at lower end than oily supply pipe 47 and gas service pipes 50 lower end position against the top mode pull-up upwards.In this way, by pull-up after firing, thus Prevent the lower end of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 from damaging because of the flame of main burner 41.
The frequency that spark is issued when the igniting of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 compares the company that pilot burner 42 is lighted a fire The height of continuous discharge type igniter 56.Specifically, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is discharged with the voltage of 1500V or so, The igniting of main burner 41 intermittently issues spark before terminating, constantly with 1 second 20 times sending sparks before igniting terminates. Continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is discharged with the voltage of 10000V or so, is maintained before the igniting of pilot burner 42 terminates Fired state.That is, the number that continuous discharge formula igniter 56 issues spark is only primary.
Igniting of the intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 to main burner 41 utilizes the fire to discharge from intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 It spends directly spraying to the oily supply pipe 47 from main burner 41 oil or is carried out from the spraying gas of gas service pipes 50.It is another It is right to carry out pilot burner 42 using the flame of the pilot burner 42 of the discharge igniting by continuous discharge formula igniter 56 for aspect The igniting of main burner 41.That is, continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is indirect to main burner 41 via the flame of pilot burner 42 It lights a fire on ground.Specifically, continuous discharge formula igniter 56 needs such as inferior more step to the igniting of main burner 41: The fluid supply apparatus for conveying oil to oily supply pipe 55 is driven to utilize continuous discharge formula point after so that oil is circulated in oily supply pipe 55 Firearm 56 lights a fire to pilot burner 42, and the point to main burner 41 is carried out after the igniting of confirmation pilot burner 42 Fire.Therefore, continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is to the indirect igniting of main burner 41 and intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 to main burning The direct-fire of device 41 is compared, and is takeed a long time.
Control device 6 includes goal pressure and reaches time calculation section, and the goal pressure reaches the calculating of time calculation section and arrives Steam pressure in steam drum 21 reaches the time until target steam pressure Pb2;Authorized pressure reaches time calculation section, institute It states authorized pressure and reaches time of the time calculation section calculating until the pressure in LNG tank 3 reaches authorized pressure Pset;Igniting is just When calculation section, the ignition timing calculation section with the pressure in LNG tank 3 become authorized pressure Pset when steam drum 21 in Steam pressure calculates the ignition timing Ts to main burner 41 as the mode of target steam pressure Pb2;And ignition control machine Structure, the ignition control mechanism light a fire to main burner 41 in the ignition timing Ts that ignition timing calculation section calculates, and start steam The boosting of steam pressure in drum 21.
In addition, control device 6 is for example by CPU (Central Processing Unit: central processing unit), RAM (Random Access Memory: random access memory), ROM (Read Only Memory: read-only memory) and meter Storage medium that calculation machine can be read etc. is constituted.Also, as an example, for realizing a series of processing of various functions with program Form be stored in storage medium etc., CPU reads the program in RAM etc., the processing of execution information, calculation process, thus Realize various functions.In addition, program can also be applied is installed on the mode of ROM or other storage mediums, in terms of being stored in advance Mode that the state of the storage medium that calculation machine can be read provides and via the side based on wired or wireless communication agency publication Formula etc..Computer-readable storage medium refers to disk, photomagneto disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, semiconductor memory etc..
Goal pressure reaches time calculation section, based on the vapour pressure in steam drum 21 acquired by drum inner gauge 24 Target steam pressure in the steam pressure i.e. steam drum 21 for the burning for being able to carry out boil-off gas in power Pb1 and boiler 4 Pb2 calculates goal pressure and reaches time Tr, and it is that the steam pressure Pb1 in steam drum reaches that the goal pressure, which reaches time Tr, Time until target steam pressure Pb2.
Specifically, firstly, reading shows the steam pressure in the steam drum 21 for being stored in control device 6 from 0bar's Chart of the state as the time until defined steam pressure (referring to Fig. 5).Then, using the chart, obtaining becomes target Time Tb2 until steam pressure Pb2 and the steam pressure Pb1 in the steam drum 21 obtained as drum inner gauge 24 are Time Tb1 only.Then, it subtracts from the time Tb2 until becoming target steam pressure Pb2 as the acquirement of drum inner gauge 24 Steam drum 21 in steam pressure Pb1 until time Tb1, calculate goal pressure reach time Tr.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, target steam pressure Pb2 is set as 16bar.Therefore, become target steam Time Tb2 until pressure Pb2 is 2.5h.At this point, the vapour pressure in the steam drum 21 acquired by drum inner gauge 24 In the case that power Pb1 is 3bar, the time Tb1 until becoming steam pressure Pb1 is 1.8h, therefore calculates 2.5 (Tb2) -1.8 (Tb1) calculating goal pressure to reach time Tr is 0.7h.
In addition, the control is an example, as long as calculating goal pressure reaches the method for time Tr based on drum inner gauge 24 The steam pressure Pb1 and target steam pressure Pb2 of acquirement, however it is not limited to this method.For example, showing the steaming in steam drum Other charts also can be used in the chart of time of the atmospheric pressure from the state of 0bar until becoming defined steam pressure.
As shown in fig. 6, authorized pressure reaches pressure of the time calculation section based on pressure inside the tank in 20 LNG tanks 3 detected Power and authorized pressure Pset by from boil-off gas to the pressure that LNG tank 3 supplies i.e. LNG tank 3, the pressure calculated in LNG tank 3 reach Time, that is, authorized pressure until authorized pressure Pset reaches time Tpset.Authorized pressure Pset is, for example, to have than fuel tank The threshold pressure for the small specified value of pressure that may be damaged.In the present embodiment, it is set as 10kPa.
Specifically, firstly, obtaining the information when pressure in LNG tank 3 is begun to ramp up from pressure inside the tank meter 20.It connects , after 1h, the pressure P1 in LNG tank 3 is obtained from pressure inside the tank meter 20 again.The P1 is set as LNG tank 3 hourly Interior pressure rate of rise Pt.When then, by reaching authorized pressure Pset to calculate authorized pressure divided by pressure rate of rise Pt Between Tpset.
Specifically, will be advised in the case that the pressure rising in LNG tank 3 is slow and Pt is 0.5 (Pt1 shown in fig. 6) Authorized pressure is reached time Tpset and calculated as 20h (T1 shown in fig. 6) by constant-pressure Pset divided by 0.5.In addition, in pressure In the case that liter is sharply and Pt is 0.75 (Pt2 shown in fig. 6), by authorized pressure Pset divided by 0.75, authorized pressure is reached It is 15h (T2 shown in fig. 6) that time Tpset, which calculates,.
In addition, the control is an example, as long as calculating authorized pressure reaches the method for time Tpset based in steam drum 21 Steam pressure Pb1 and steam drum 21 in target steam pressure Pb2, however it is not limited to this method.For example, obtaining LNG The interval of pressure in tank 3 can be shorter than 1 hour, can also duration smaller than 1.
Ignition timing calculation section reaches the goal pressure in the steam drum 21 of time calculation section calculating based on goal pressure Reach time Tr and authorized pressure that authorized pressure reaches in the LNG tank 3 of time calculation section calculating reach time Tpset, with Steam pressure when pressure in LNG tank 3 becomes authorized pressure Pset in steam drum 21 becomes the side of target steam pressure Pb2 Formula calculates ignition timing Ts.Until ignition timing Ts refers to the boosting of steam drum 21 of the boiler 4 to since current time Time.That is, indicate since current time after Tsh boost.
Specifically, target in steam drum 21 is subtracted by reaching time Tpset from the authorized pressure in LNG tank 3 Pressure reaches time Tr to calculate.For example, reaching in authorized pressure, time Tpset is 15h and goal pressure reaches time Tr and is In the case where 0.7h, ignition timing Ts is 14.3h.
Ignition control mechanism by until reaching time Tpset from current time to authorized pressure time T and ignition timing Ts is compared, if Ts reaches T, is sent signal to continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is equal, is utilized 42 pairs of main combustions of pilot burner Burner 41 is lighted a fire.Then, start the boosting of the steam pressure of steam drum 21.
Then, the movement of present embodiment is illustrated using Fig. 1, Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B.
Firstly, the case where explanation carries out burning processing to boil-off gas (boil-off gas tupe).Boiler 4 is not generating When steam, flow steam in the heating coil 61 in kettle cylinder 22 in such a way that the pressure in steam drum 21 maintains about 3bar Lead to and carries out warm-operation.When pressure inside the tank meter 20 detects that the pressure in LNG tank rises, from pressure inside the tank meter 20 to goods tank Control device 40 sends signal.When receiving from the signal of pressure inside the tank meter 20, goods tank control device 40 will start to evaporate The signal of gas treatment mode is sent to control device 6.When receiving from the signal of goods tank control device 40, control device 6 start boil-off gas tupe.When boil-off gas tupe starts, control device 6 carries out above-mentioned control, calculates igniting Timing Ts.The time T played until authorized pressure reaches time Tpset from current time is compared with ignition timing Ts, At the time of Ts ratio T is big, ignition control mechanism sends signal to pilot burner 42.
The pilot burner 42 for receiving signal drives fluid supply apparatus to oily supply pipe 55 for oil supply, from oily supply pipe 55 spray oil, and drive continuous discharge formula igniter 56, start to discharge.In this way, lighting a fire to pilot burner 42, fire is formed Flame.When pilot burner 42 confirms and is formed with flame, main burner 41 drives to oily supply pipe 47 for oil supply control unit Fluid supply apparatus sprays oil from oily supply pipe 47.The oil of ejection passes through the flame ignition of pilot burner 42, as a result, main burning Device 41 forms flame.When confirming that main burner 41 is lighted a fire, stop to pilot burner 42 for oil supply, pilot burner 42 is put out It goes out.In this way, the boosting of boiler 4 starts, the pressure in boiler 4 is boosted (boosting process).In addition, being formed by main burner 41 It, can not also be by oil as fuel and using boil-off gas as fuel when flame.In this case, instead of being sprayed from oily supply pipe 47 It is fuel-displaced, boil-off gas is sprayed from gas service pipes 50, is lighted a fire using the flame of pilot burner 42.
When the pressure of boiler 4 boosts to the target steam pressure i.e. 16bar of Pb2, stop to main burner 41 for oil supply, it is main Burner 41 temporarily extinguishes, and boiler 4 becomes the standby mode that burning processing is carried out to boil-off gas.The treating capacity of boil-off gas After the signal of (such as 1200kg/h) is transported to control device 6 from goods tank control device 40, boil-off gas is passed through from LNG tank 3 Gas supply chamber 49 is flowed by boil-off gas supply pipe 17.The boil-off gas for being flowed into gas supply chamber 49 is assigned to 5 Gas service pipes 50 is sprayed from the lower end of each gas service pipes 50.At this point, substantially simultaneously, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 In such a way that lower end is located at than the lower end position on the lower of gas service pipes 50 mobile (referring to Fig. 2A).When terminating mobile, Intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 intermittently discharges, and lights a fire to the boil-off gas sprayed from gas service pipes 50.As a result, Main burner 41 forms flame.When confirming the igniting of main burner 41, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 stops electric discharge, with lower end Mode positioned at the position more against the top than the lower end of gas service pipes 50 is mobile (referring to Fig. 2 B).Utilize the fire by main burner 41 The burning gases that flame generates generate steam.In this way, carrying out burning processing to boil-off gas, and generate steam in boiler 4 (burning process).
Then, elder generation is utilized under (normal mode) the case where boil-off gas tupe is with generation steam in external boiler 4 Pilot burner 42 lights a fire to main burner 41, generates steam in boiler 4.In addition, making steam exist when boiler 4 stops It circulates in heating coil 61 in kettle cylinder 22 and carries out warm-operation.
According to the present embodiment, function and effect below are played.
In the present embodiment, the boil-off gas generated in LNG tank 3 is supplied to boiler 4.Thereby, it is possible to make in LNG The boil-off gas generated in tank 3 burns in boiler 4.It is therefore not necessary to which the dedicated unit (example for making boil-off gas burn is arranged Such as, GCU (Gas combustion unit) etc.) it is just capable of handling boil-off gas, meanwhile, it is capable to utilize the energy of boil-off gas Generate steam.Due to by steam generated be used to generate electricity in turbine 26 power generation, steam using the use in equipment class etc., Therefore it can be improved the energy efficiency whole as LNG carry vessel 2.
In addition, burner 23 issues the frequency of spark than continuous discharge formula when having continuous discharge formula igniter 56 and igniting The high intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 of igniter 56.Since intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 directly carries out a little main burner 41 Fire, therefore can be than being carried out a little to main burner 41 indirectly with the pilot burner 42 for having continuous discharge formula igniter 56 The time that the situation of fire is short lights a fire.
On the other hand, the frequency of spark is issued when intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is lighted a fire than continuous discharge formula igniter 56 Height, therefore load when igniting is larger, is easy to damage compared with continuous discharge formula igniter 56.In addition, due to intermittent discharge formula The frequency that igniter 43 issues spark in primary igniting is high, thus with continuous discharge that a spark is only carried out when primary igniting Formula igniter 56 is compared to easy consumption.In addition, due to continuous discharge formula igniter 56 igniting when issue spark frequency ratio between Discharge type igniter 43 of having a rest is few, therefore not easy damaged and the consumption compared with intermittent discharge formula igniter 43.However, using continuously putting Electric-type igniter 56 is to need to light a fire to pilot burner 42 using continuous discharge formula igniter 56 to the igniting of main burner 41 Deng the indirect igniting compared with multi-step, therefore compared with using 43 direct-fire of intermittent discharge formula igniter, needed until igniting Longer time.
In this way, burner 23 is provided with the different igniter of feature.Therefore, by according in boiler 4 and LNG tank 3 The difference of situation and distinguish the igniter different using feature, so as to make boil-off gas suitably burn and generate steaming Gas, and can make igniter that there is redundancy and extend life of product.
If generating boil-off gas in LNG tank 3, the pressure in LNG tank 3 is got higher, and LNG tank 3 is possible to breakage.Therefore, Burning processing is carried out to boil-off gas and in the case where make the pressure reduction in LNG tank 3, if the pressure in LNG tank 3 become than LNG tank 3 is possible to the threshold pressure i.e. authorized pressure Pset of the small specified value of pressure of damage, then needs to make boil-off gas promptly Burning.Therefore, when carrying out burning processing to boil-off gas, the preferably up to time until the igniting of main burner 41 is shorter.? In present embodiment, when making boil-off gas burn, intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 is used.Due to intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 It can be to light a fire than the time for having used the pilot burner 42 of continuous discharge formula igniter 56 short, therefore can make to evaporate Gas promptly burns.Therefore, in boiler 4, burning processing can be carried out to boil-off gas, and suitably will be in LNG tank 3 Pressure maintains authorized pressure Pset or less.
In the case where so that boil-off gas is burnt using boiler 4 in the state that the steam pressure in steam drum 21 is low, pot Furnace 4 is likely to become overload.In addition, carrying out burning processing to boil-off gas in boiler 4 since boiler 4 becomes overload Amount be restricted, it is possible to can not the boil-off gas to desired amount carry out burning processing.Therefore, make to evaporate using boiler 4 When gas burns, in the case that the steam pressure in steam drum 21 is insufficient, need to carry out the steam in steam drum 21 The boosting of pressure.In this case, without particularly rapid lighting a fire to main burner 41.In the present embodiment, When carrying out the boosting of the pressure in steam drum 21, the pilot burner 42 for having used continuous discharge formula igniter 56 is used. As a result, when carrying out the boosting of the steam pressure in steam drum 21, it is easier than continuous discharge formula igniter 56 not use The intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 of damage.Therefore, it can reduce the frequency of use of intermittent discharge formula igniter 43, extend interval and put The life of product of electric-type igniter 43.In addition, as described above, the case where carrying out the boosting of the steam pressure in steam drum 21 Under, without particularly rapid lighting a fire to main burner 41, therefore, even if using between the time ratio used until igniting The pilot burner 42 of the long continuous discharge formula igniter 56 of discharge type igniter 43 of having a rest is lighted a fire, and also there is no problem.
In addition, when the pressure in LNG tank 3 is as the authorized pressure Pset for supplying boil-off gas to boiler 4, so that steam Steam pressure in drum 21 lights a fire to main burner 41 as the mode of target steam pressure Pb2.Therefore, boiler 4 is being utilized When boil-off gas being made to burn, the steam pressure in steam drum 21 can be made to become the vapour pressure for being enough to make boil-off gas to burn Power can prevent boiler 4 from becoming overload, suitably boil-off gas can be made to burn.In addition, the pressure in LNG tank 3 reaches When authorized pressure Pset, the steam pressure in steam drum 21 is set to become the state of target steam pressure Pb2, therefore can be rapid Boil-off gas is supplied to boiler 4 and makes its burning by ground, to reduce the pressure in LNG tank 3.
In addition, the pressure in LNG tank 3 reach as defined in pressure when, make steam pressure in steam drum 21 boost and As the state of target steam pressure Pb2, there is no need in order to so that boil-off gas is burnt and always by the steaming in steam drum 21 Atmospheric pressure maintains high pressure conditions.Therefore, the energy consumption of boiler 4 can be reduced.
In addition, within the scope of its spirit can the present invention is not limited to the invention of the respective embodiments described above Appropriate deformation.For example, in the above-described embodiment, to the example lighted a fire using intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 to boil-off gas Son is illustrated, but when intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 breaks down etc., also can use pilot burner 42 and carry out a little Fire.In addition, also can use intermittent discharge formula igniter 43 when pilot burner 42 breaks down etc. and carried out to main burner Igniting carries out the boosting of the steam drum 21 of boiler 4.By being set as such structure, the igniting of main burner 41 can be made to fill It sets with redundancy.
In addition, can also be mended in the case that the generation of the steam in energy-saving appliance 5 is insufficient with low load operation boiler 4 Fill the necessary steam of LNG carry vessel 2.In this configuration, due to will can not usually be equipped on the underload of LNG carry vessel 2 Auxiliary is equipped on LNG carry vessel 2 with boiler (burning mouth boiler etc.), therefore can save the space in LNG carry vessel 2.
Symbol description
3 LNG tanks (fuel tank)
4 boilers
6 control devices
17 boil-off gas supply pipes
20 pressure inside the tank meters (pressure tank testing agency)
21 steam drums
23 burners
24 drum inner gauges (drum pressure detection device)
41 main burners
42 pilot burners
43 intermittent discharge formula igniters (the second igniter)
47 oily supply pipes
50 gas service pipes
55 oily supply pipes
56 continuous discharge formula igniters (the first igniter)
Claims (according to the 19th article of modification of treaty)
A kind of (1. after modification) boiler, the boiler are supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel, It is characterized in that having:
Make the burner of the boil-off gas burning;And
The steamdrum of steam is accommodated in inside,
The burner has the first igniter and the second igniter, and the frequency of spark is issued when second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when rate is than first ignition device is high,
Second igniter use when making the boil-off gas start burning in the burner,
First igniter is starting the steam pressure in the steam drum caused by the burning as the burner It is used when boosting.
(2. deletion)
(3. deletion)
A kind of (4. after modification) boiler system, which is characterized in that have boiler described in claim 1, the boiler system tool It is standby:
The steam pressure in the steam drum detects in drum pressure testing agency, the drum pressure testing agency;
The pressure in the fuel tank detects in pressure tank testing agency, the pressure tank testing agency;
Goal pressure reaches time calculation section, which is reached time calculation section and examined based on the drum pressure testing agency The steaming of the steam pressure in the steam drum and the steam pressure as the burning for carrying out the boil-off gas measured Target steam pressure in steam pot cylinder calculates until the steam pressure in the steam drum reaches the target steam pressure Time;
Authorized pressure reaches time calculation section, which is reached time calculation section and detected based on the pressure tank testing agency In the pressure in the fuel tank and the fuel tank as the pressure for supplying the boil-off gas to the fuel tank out Authorized pressure, calculate the time until the pressure in the fuel tank reaches the authorized pressure;
Ignition timing calculation section, the ignition timing calculation section reach the target pressure of time calculation section calculating based on the goal pressure Power reaches the time and the authorized pressure reaches the authorized pressure that time calculation section calculates and reaches the time, calculates ignition timing, with When the pressure in the fuel tank being made to become the authorized pressure, the steam pressure in the steam drum becomes the target Steam pressure;And
Ignition control mechanism, in the ignition timing that the ignition timing calculation section calculates, which utilizes institute It states the first igniter to light a fire to the burner, starts the boosting of the steam pressure in the steam drum.
5. a kind of method of operation of boiler, the boiler are supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel, It is characterized in that, the method for operation of the boiler has:
Boosting process, the boosting process light a fire to the burner for being set to the boiler using the first igniter, carry out The boosting of steam pressure in the steam drum as caused by the burning of the burner;And
Burning process, the burning process carry out a little the burner using the second igniter after the boosting process Fire carries out the burning based on the boil-off gas in the burner, and the frequency of spark is issued when second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when rate is than first ignition device is high.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of boiler, the boiler is supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel, which is characterized in that
The boiler has the burner for making the boil-off gas burning,
The burner has the first igniter and the second igniter, and the frequency of spark is issued when second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when rate is than first ignition device is high.
2. boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Second igniter use when making the boil-off gas start burning in the burner.
3. boiler according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The boiler has the steam drum in internal receiving steam,
First igniter is starting the steam pressure in the steam drum caused by the burning as the burner It is used when boosting.
4. a kind of boiler system, which is characterized in that have boiler as claimed in claim 3, the boiler system has:
The steam pressure in the steam drum detects in drum pressure testing agency, the drum pressure testing agency;
The pressure in the fuel tank detects in pressure tank testing agency, the pressure tank testing agency;
Goal pressure reaches time calculation section, which is reached time calculation section and examined based on the drum pressure testing agency The steaming of the steam pressure in the steam drum and the steam pressure as the burning for carrying out the boil-off gas measured Target steam pressure in steam pot cylinder calculates until the steam pressure in the steam drum reaches the target steam pressure Time;
Authorized pressure reaches time calculation section, which is reached time calculation section and detected based on the pressure tank testing agency In the pressure in the fuel tank and the fuel tank as the pressure for supplying the boil-off gas to the fuel tank out Authorized pressure, calculate the time until the pressure in the fuel tank reaches the authorized pressure;
Ignition timing calculation section, the ignition timing calculation section reach the target pressure of time calculation section calculating based on the goal pressure Power reaches the time and the authorized pressure reaches the authorized pressure that time calculation section calculates and reaches the time, calculates ignition timing, with When the pressure in the fuel tank being made to become the authorized pressure, the steam pressure in the steam drum becomes the target Steam pressure;And
Ignition control mechanism, in the ignition timing that the ignition timing calculation section calculates, which utilizes institute It states the first igniter to light a fire to the burner, starts the boosting of the steam pressure in the steam drum.
5. a kind of method of operation of boiler, the boiler are supplied to the boil-off gas generated in the fuel tank for being stored with fuel, It is characterized in that, the method for operation of the boiler has:
Boosting process, the boosting process light a fire to the burner for being set to the boiler using the first igniter, carry out The boosting of steam pressure in the steam drum as caused by the burning of the burner;And
Burning process, the burning process carry out a little the burner using the second igniter after the boosting process Fire carries out the burning based on the boil-off gas in the burner, and the frequency of spark is issued when second ignition device The frequency that spark is issued when rate is than first ignition device is high.
CN201880011465.3A 2017-02-28 2018-02-07 Boiler, boiler system, and method for operating boiler Active CN110325793B (en)

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PCT/JP2018/004249 WO2018159245A1 (en) 2017-02-28 2018-02-07 Boiler, boiler system, and boiler operation method

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EP3591293B1 (en) 2021-10-20
JP6957165B2 (en) 2021-11-02
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WO2018159245A1 (en) 2018-09-07
CN110325793B (en) 2021-03-23

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