CN110317570A - 一种改性乳化沥青胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及土工格栅用沥青胶体技术领域，尤其是一种改性乳化沥青胶及其制备方法。该种改性乳化沥青胶，主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青80‑120份、改性剂聚合物15‑30份、阳离子表面活性剂2‑8份、阴离子表面活性剂2‑5份和中性去离子水40‑60份，改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比(2‑6)：(1‑2)：(5‑7)复配而成，阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α‑萘磺酸钠按重量比(1‑3)：(1‑4)：7复配而成。本发明的一种改性乳化沥青胶配方合理，制备方法优化，制得的改性沥青胶在制作玻璃纤维土工格栅过程中的的粘度稳定性和延展性佳。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及土工格栅用沥青胶体技术领域，尤其是一种改性乳化沥青胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃纤维土工格栅是一种用于路面增强、老路补强，加固路基及软土基的优良土工合成材料。在处理沥青路面反射裂纹应用上，已成为不可替代的材料。该产品是以高强无碱玻璃纤维通过国际先进的经编工艺制成网状基材，经表面涂覆处理而制成的半刚性制品。具有经、纬双向很高的抗拉强度和较低的延伸率，并具有耐高温、耐低寒、抗老化、耐腐蚀等优良性能，广泛应用于沥青路面、水泥路面及路基的增强和铁路路基、堤坝护坡、机场跑道、防沙治沙等工程项目。玻纤格栅是选用优质增强型无碱玻纤纱，利用国外先进经编机织成基材，采用经编定向结构，充分利用织物中纱线强力，改善其力学性能，使其具有良好的抗拉强度，抗撕裂强度和耐蠕变性能，并经过优质改性沥青涂覆处理而成的平面网络状材料。其因循相似相容原理，重点突出其与沥青混合料的复合性能，并充分保护玻纤基材，极大提高了基材的耐磨性及抗剪切能力，从而得以用于路面增强，抵抗裂缝车辙等公路病害产生，结束了沥青路面难以增强的难题。
现有的玻璃纤维土工格栅用改性沥青在使用时主要存在粘度稳定性不高以及延展均匀性不足的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种改性乳化沥青胶及其制备方法，克服前述现有技术中的玻璃纤维土工格栅用改性沥青在使用时主要存在粘度稳定性不高以及延展均匀性不足的缺点。
本发明解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是：
一种改性乳化沥青胶，主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青80-120份、改性剂聚合物15-30份、阳离子表面活性剂2-8份、阴离子表面活性剂2-5份和中性去离子水40-60份，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比(2-6)：(1-2)：(5-7)复配而成，所述阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比(1-3)：(1-4)：7复配而成。
进一步的，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比4:1:7复配而成。
进一步的，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比2:3:7复配而成。
一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将阴离子表面活性剂投入搅拌器中，加入阴离子表面活性剂重量2-3倍的水，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液置于雾化喷枪内，备用；
(2)将阳离子表面活性剂投入另一搅拌器中，加入阳离子表面活性剂重量2-3倍的煤油，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阳离子表面活性剂置于另一雾化喷枪内，备用；
(3)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至60-75℃；
(4)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至120-130℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以220-280r/min搅拌10-20min，边搅拌边喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液；
(5)步骤(4)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨10-15min，即得。
进一步的，所述剪切和研磨的转速为5000-6000r/min。
本发明的有益效果是：与现有技术相比，本发明的一种改性乳化沥青胶及其制备方法，配方设计合理，先将乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合，增强乳化沥青的初粘力和持粘性，然后在混合搅拌的过程中同时向上述混合液中雾化喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液，使得阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液均匀分散，并与初粘力和持粘性逐渐增加的乳化沥青彻底混合反应，进而增强沥青胶在制作玻璃纤维土工格栅过程中的的粘度稳定性和延展性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种改性乳化沥青胶，主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青100份、改性剂聚合物22份、阳离子表面活性剂5份、阴离子表面活性剂3份和中性去离子水50份，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比4:1:7复配而成，所述阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比2:3:7复配而成。
一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将阴离子表面活性剂投入搅拌器中，加入阴离子表面活性剂重量3倍的水，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液置于雾化喷枪内，备用；
(2)将阳离子表面活性剂投入另一搅拌器中，加入阳离子表面活性剂重量3倍的煤油，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阳离子表面活性剂置于另一雾化喷枪内，备用；
(3)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至70℃；
(4)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至125℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以260r/min搅拌15min，边搅拌边喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液；
(5)步骤(4)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨12min，剪切和研磨的转速为6000r/min，即得。
实施例2
一种改性乳化沥青胶，主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青80份、改性剂聚合物15份、阳离子表面活性剂2份、阴离子表面活性剂2份和中性去离子水40份，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比2：1：5复配而成，所述阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比1：1：7复配而成。
一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将阴离子表面活性剂投入搅拌器中，加入阴离子表面活性剂重量2倍的水，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液置于雾化喷枪内，备用；
(2)将阳离子表面活性剂投入另一搅拌器中，加入阳离子表面活性剂重量2倍的煤油，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阳离子表面活性剂置于另一雾化喷枪内，备用；
(3)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至60℃；
(4)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至120℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以220r/min搅拌10min，边搅拌边喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液；
(5)步骤(4)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨10min，剪切和研磨的转速为5000r/min，即得。
实施例3
一种改性乳化沥青胶，主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青120份、改性剂聚合物30份、阳离子表面活性剂8份、阴离子表面活性剂5份和中性去离子水60份，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比6：2：7复配而成，所述阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比2：4：7复配而成。
一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将阴离子表面活性剂投入搅拌器中，加入阴离子表面活性剂重量3倍的水，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液置于雾化喷枪内，备用；
(2)将阳离子表面活性剂投入另一搅拌器中，加入阳离子表面活性剂重量2倍的煤油，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阳离子表面活性剂置于另一雾化喷枪内，备用；
(3)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至75℃；
(4)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至130℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以280r/min搅拌20min，边搅拌边喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液；
(5)步骤(4)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨15min，所述剪切和研磨的转速为6000r/min，即得。
对比例1
对比例1的一种改性乳化沥青胶与实施例1基本相同，其区别在于：所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比1:1:4复配而成。
对比例1的一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法与实施例1相同。
对比例2
对比例2的一种改性乳化沥青胶与实施例1相同。
对比例2的一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法包括如下步骤：。
(1)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至70℃；
(2)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至125℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以260r/min搅拌15min；
(3)步骤(2)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨12min，剪切和研磨的转速为6000r/min，即得。
实验例1
对实施例1-3和对比例1、对比例2制得的改性沥青胶进行性能测试，测试结果如下所示：
从表格可以看出，本申请制得的改性沥青胶，延伸性和持粘性均非常好。
上述具体实施方式仅是本发明的具体个案，本发明的专利保护范围包括但不限于上述具体实施方式的产品形态和式样，任何符合本发明权利要求书且任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员对其所做的适当变化或修饰，皆应落入本发明的专利保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种改性乳化沥青胶，其特征在于：主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：乳化沥青80-120份、改性剂聚合物15-30份、阳离子表面活性剂2-8份、阴离子表面活性剂2-5份和中性去离子水40-60份，所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比(2-6)：(1-2)：(5-7)复配而成，所述阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子咪唑啉表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比(1-3)：(1-4)：7复配而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性乳化沥青胶，其特征在于：所述改性剂聚合物由无规聚丙烯、丁苯橡胶和乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚物按重量比4:1:7复配而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性乳化沥青胶，其特征在于：所述阴离子表面活性剂为合成脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐和α-萘磺酸钠按重量比2:3:7复配而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)将阴离子表面活性剂投入搅拌器中，加入阴离子表面活性剂重量2-3倍的水，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液置于雾化喷枪内，备用；
(2)将阳离子表面活性剂投入另一搅拌器中，加入阳离子表面活性剂重量2-3倍的煤油，搅拌混合至均匀，混合均匀后的阳离子表面活性剂置于另一雾化喷枪内，备用；
(3)称取规定重量份数的改性聚合物和中性去离子水后搅拌混合至均匀，然后加热至60-75℃；
(4)称取规定重量份数的乳化沥青，加热至120-130℃，将加热后的乳化沥青与加热后的改性聚合物和中性去离子水混合液加入同一混合罐中，以220-280r/min搅拌10-20min，边搅拌边喷入阴离子表面活性剂水溶液和阳离子表面活性剂煤油混合液；
(5)步骤(4)搅拌完成后将混合罐内的物料送入剪切机进行剪切，剪切后的均匀热液体再进入胶体磨中研磨10-15min，即得。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性乳化沥青胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述剪切和研磨的转速为5000-6000r/min。
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