CN110314269B - Attention training method, device, equipment and system - Google Patents

Attention training method, device, equipment and system Download PDF

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CN110314269B
CN110314269B CN201910736111.1A CN201910736111A CN110314269B CN 110314269 B CN110314269 B CN 110314269B CN 201910736111 A CN201910736111 A CN 201910736111A CN 110314269 B CN110314269 B CN 110314269B
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汪待发
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Danyang Huichuang Medical Equipment Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an attention training method, an attention training device, an attention training equipment and an attention training system, wherein blood oxygen data of each brain area related to attention during the period that a trainee responds to a training task are accurately acquired through near infrared spectrum detection equipment, nerve feedback data of the trainee are determined through the blood oxygen data of each brain area, and then feedback content determined based on the nerve feedback data is presented to the trainee, so that the trainee can know the training effect of each brain area based on the feedback content and guide the trainee to carry out targeted adjustment, and the training progress of each brain area can be known by repeating the steps after self adjustment, and the aim of guiding and improving the training effect is fulfilled.

Description

Attention training method, device, equipment and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of neural feedback, in particular to an attention training method, device, equipment and system.
Background
Attention is the ability of mental activities to point to a particular stimulus that is consistent with the needs of the current activity, while ignoring or suppressing extraneous stimuli. It is the basis of memory and all conscious activities. Lack of sustained attention over time can lead to decreased performance, a common symptom of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Neurofeedback refers to the training of trainees' attention by repeated experiments by teaching trainees to automatically adjust specific brain regions through brain-activated real-time audio/visual feedback. However, in the neural feedback training in the prior art, attention feedback training is often performed based on brain wave signals of a trainee, and feedback content is provided for a user to adjust himself based on electroencephalogram data, the existing electroencephalogram equipment is low in spatial resolution, a brain area related to attention cannot be accurately located, the electroencephalogram data is single, the feedback content of attention related training performed only by the electroencephalogram equipment cannot be specific to the specific brain area related to attention, training effects are poor, and expected training effects cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is proposed to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.
An object of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a method, an apparatus, a device and a system for attention training to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme: an attention training method comprising: presenting, by a processor, a first task related to attention training; acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device; determining, by the processor, a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the first blood oxygen data; determining and presenting, by the processor, first feedback content according to the first neurofeedback parameter.
Further, the attention training method further comprises, after presenting the first feedback content: presenting, by the processor, a second task related to attention training; acquiring second blood oxygen data of the trainee in response to the first brain area during the second task after self-adjustment according to the first feedback content, wherein the second blood oxygen data is acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment; determining, by the processor, a second neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the second blood oxygen data; determining and presenting, by the processor, second feedback content according to the second neurofeedback parameter.
Further, the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, and the respective neurofeedback parameter comprises at least one of: the first brain area comprises a representative value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area, wherein the representative value comprises at least one of a median value and an average value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area; a difference between blood oxygen data of respective brain regions comprised by the first brain region that are at least partially different from each other; and a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of respective brain regions comprised by the first brain region and being at least partially different from each other.
Further, the first brain region comprises individual brain regions selected from the group consisting of part or all of a continuous network of interest (SAN) brain region, part or all of a Default Mode Network (DMN) brain region, part or all of a prefrontal brain region, and part or all of a bilateral temporal brain region.
Further, the SAN brain region includes a medial anterior cingulate cortex (mACC), an upper frontal lobe (IFJ), a right temporal lobe junction (rTPJ), an Inner Parietal Sulcus (IPS), and the DMN brain region includes a Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC), a medial frontal cortex (mPFC), a left horn gyrus (lAG), and a right horn gyrus (rAG).
Further, the feedback content includes a score.
Further, the feedback content reflects the comparison condition between the neural feedback parameter and the reference value thereof.
Further, the reference value is preset or obtained by the following steps before the first task related to attention training is presented: presenting, by the processor, a rest task; acquiring third blood oxygen data of a first brain area of the trainee in the rest state, which is acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment; and processing the third blood oxygen data according to the definition of the neural feedback parameter by the processor to obtain a reference value of the neural feedback parameter.
Further, the neurofeedback parameters of the respective brain regions included in the first brain region include: the average of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the trainee's resting state and the average of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the response period, the feedback content of each brain area is obtained by the following steps: calculating normalized baseline phase values of blood oxygen data of respective brain regions during the trainee's resting state according to equation (1)
Figure 68089DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
Figure 839736DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Formula (1)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region,
Figure 587112DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
the median value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the resting state of the trainee, in equation (1)
Figure 735197DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，
Figure 353260DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Are respectively as
Figure 46540DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Minimum and maximum values during respective periods;
calculating normalized response stage values for blood oxygen data of corresponding brain regions during said trainee's response according to equation (2)
Figure 750054DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
Figure 436250DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Formula (2)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region,
Figure 174399DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's response, in equation (2)
Figure 553428DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
，
Figure 9817DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Are respectively as
Figure 499704DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Minimum and maximum values during respective periods;
will be provided with
Figure 341627DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
And
Figure 891557DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the difference value is used as the change value of the nerve feedback parameter of each brain area; and taking the difference value of the change values between different brain areas as a feedback score, and presenting the feedback score as at least part of feedback content.
Further, the neurofeedback parameter includes a correlation between blood oxygen data of pairs of brain areas included in the first brain area, and the correlation is calculated by equation (3):
Figure 304084DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
formula (3)
Wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling points, K is the total number of the sampling points,
Figure 332083DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of the i brain area,
Figure 779245DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
Figure 500076DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
，
Figure 665478DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region; the feedback content of each pair of brain areas is obtained by the following steps: calculating a functional connection parameter Z during a response by formula (4);
Figure 497168DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
formula (4)
Wherein Z is a functional connection parameter during response, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area; calculating a feedback score for each pair of brain regions by formula (5), the feedback score being presented as at least part of the feedback content;
Figure 798836DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
formula (5)
Wherein Z isbaseFor the functional connection parameters of the trainee during the rest task, Z isFunctional connection parameters during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameters of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
The embodiment of the present disclosure also discloses an attention training device, including: a first presentation module for presenting a first task related to attention training; an acquisition module for acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device; a determination module for determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the first blood oxygen data; and the second presentation module is used for determining and presenting the first feedback content according to the first neural feedback parameter.
Further, the first presenting module is further configured to present a second task related to attention training; the acquisition module is further used for acquiring second blood oxygen data of the first brain area during the second task after the trainee self-adjusts according to the first feedback content and responds to the first brain area by near infrared spectrum detection equipment; the determination module is further configured to determine a second neuro-feedback parameter of the trainee according to the second blood oxygen data; the second presenting module is further used for determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second neural feedback parameter.
The embodiment of the present disclosure also discloses an attention training device, which at least includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores computer-executable instructions, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer-executable instructions: presenting a first task related to attention training; acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device; determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the first blood oxygen data; and determining and presenting first feedback content according to the first neural feedback parameter.
Further, the processor, after performing the step of presenting the first feedback content on the memory, further executes the following computer program: presenting a second task related to attention training; acquiring second blood oxygen data of the trainee in response to the first brain area during the second task after self-adjustment according to the first feedback content, wherein the second blood oxygen data is acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment; determining a second neurofeedback parameter for the trainee from the second blood oxygen data; and determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second neural feedback parameters.
The embodiment of the disclosure also discloses an attention training system, which comprises near infrared spectrum detection equipment and the attention training equipment.
The beneficial effects of this disclosed embodiment lie in: the blood oxygen data of each brain area related to attention during the period that the trainee responds to the training task is accurately acquired through the near infrared spectrum detection equipment, the nerve feedback data of the trainee is determined through the blood oxygen data of each brain area, and then the feedback content determined based on the nerve feedback data is presented to the trainee. Therefore, the trainee can know the training effect of each brain area based on the feedback content, guide self to carry out targeted adjustment, and can also repeat the steps to know the training progress of each brain area after self adjustment, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding and improving the training effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of attention training in a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an attention training device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an attention training apparatus in a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the drawings.
It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Accordingly, the foregoing description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the application.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with a general description of the application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the application.
These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiment, given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the attached drawings.
It should also be understood that, although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person of skill in the art shall certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of application, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.
The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiments of the present application are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the application, which can be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the application of unnecessary or unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present application in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
The specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments in accordance with the application.
A first embodiment of the present disclosure provides an attention training method for training the attention of a trainee, which can be implemented by a computer device connected with a near infrared spectrum detection device, and which mainly performs the following steps when training, and the flowchart thereof is shown in fig. 1:
s101, presenting a first task related to attention training by a processor;
s102, acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain area of a trainee during a first task responding period, wherein the first blood oxygen data are acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
s103, determining a first neural feedback parameter of the trainee according to the first blood oxygen data by the processor;
and S104, determining and presenting the first feedback content according to the first neural feedback parameter by the processor.
Specifically, the first task is a task related to attention training, and can be designed based on an existing psychological cognition experimental paradigm, and is presented in the form of pictures, music, videos, games and the like, and the training task usually adopts a chunk task design paradigm, namely, the chunk task design paradigm comprises a rest phase and a task phase which are alternately performed, and a trainee can rest in the rest phase and perform task feedback. In the training process, the head of a trainee is provided with near infrared spectrum detection equipment, the near infrared spectrum detection equipment continuously acquires first blood oxygen data of each brain area of the trainee during the period that the trainee responds to a first task, the first blood oxygen data are transmitted to a processor of computer equipment, and the processor determines a first nerve feedback parameter of the trainee during the period of responding to the first task according to the first blood oxygen data so as to represent the activity condition of each brain area of the trainee during the first task, and accordingly determines and presents first feedback content for the trainee to know the training result according to the feedback content and carry out self-regulation.
In this embodiment, the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, which may comprise any one or more of the following brain regions: there is a continuing focus on part or all of the network (SAN) brain area, part or all of the Default Mode Network (DMN) brain area, part or all of the prefrontal brain area, and part or all of the bilateral temporal brain area. Specifically, SAN brain areas include the medial anterior cingulate cortex (mACC), the prefrontal gyrus (IFJ), the right temporal junction (rTPJ), the parietal sulcus (IPS), and DMN brain areas include the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the left horn gyrus (lAG), and the right horn gyrus (rAG), among others. It should be understood that the near infrared spectrum detection device should be provided with at least one signal channel, i.e. a set of light sources and a set of detectors, at a position corresponding to each brain region, so as to obtain blood oxygen data of the brain region.
When the first brain region includes at least two brain regions at least partially different from each other, the corresponding individual neurofeedback parameter may be a representative value of blood oxygen data of each brain region included in the first brain region, such as a median value of the blood oxygen data of each brain region during a response period, or an average value of the blood oxygen data, for characterizing the neural activity intensity of each brain region.
In some embodiments, each of the neurofeedback parameters may also be a difference between blood oxygen data of each of the brain regions at least partially different from each other, i.e. a difference between average values of the blood oxygen data corresponding to the two brain regions, for characterizing a variation of a difference in neural activity between the two brain regions. In some embodiments, the difference between the SAN brain region and the DMN brain region may be calculated, and since there is an antagonistic relationship between the SAN brain region and the DMN brain region, in particular, SAN activation and DMN deactivation may positively affect the attention of the individual, and the greater the difference in the intensity of neural activity between the two, the more attentive the trainee to some extent, the difference value after the difference processing may be used as one of the neural feedback data to represent the attention level of the trainee during training.
In some embodiments, each neurofeedback parameter may also be a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of each brain region at least partially different from each other, so as to analyze a correlation index of nerve activity intensity versus time variation trend between different brain regions as brain function connectivity data of different brain regions. As an example, for example, the correlation parameter (brain function connectivity parameter) between the lower right prefrontal brain region and the bilateral temporal brain region is in a positive correlation with the attention level of the trainee during training, and specifically, the larger the correlation parameter between the two brain regions, the better the brain function connectivity of the two brain regions is proved, and the higher the attention level of the trainee is (the higher the concentration the trainee can achieve).
In some embodiments, the various neurofeedback parameters described above may be combined to more fully and accurately assess the trainee's attention level and give the trainee a more robust feedback content.
In this embodiment, the feedback content presented after the task training is finished may be the neurofeedback parameter itself, or a feedback score determined by calculating the neurofeedback parameter, and may also reflect a comparison between the neurofeedback parameter and a reference value thereof, or may include part or all of the above content at the same time, specifically, the feedback content is determined according to the actual requirement of the trainee.
If the feedback content is the neural feedback parameter, the trainee can directly acquire the neural activity intensity condition of each brain area of the trainee, and the trainee can carry out targeted self-adjustment on the premise of knowing the meaning and the effect of the neural feedback parameter to a certain extent, so that the neural feedback parameter self-adjustment method is particularly suitable for trainees with higher professional level in the fields of brain function and neural feedback, such as technicians or scientific researchers in the fields.
And if the feedback content is the feedback score determined by calculation according to the nerve feedback parameters, calculating and determining a specific score representing the attention of the current trainee according to different nerve feedback parameters, so that the trainee can more intuitively know the attention training result of the trainee and can be instructed to perform self-regulation by aiming at improving the feedback score. This significantly improves the friendliness to common trainees who do not have a high professional level in the brain function and neurofeedback fields, facilitating popularization among a wide range of people.
If the feedback content is the comparison condition between the neural feedback parameter and the reference value thereof, the trainee can conveniently determine the difference between the training result and the reference value, and know the progress or adjustment condition after each training, so as to realize more accurate self-evaluation and achieve better training effect. The feedback neural feedback parameter and the reference value thereof are compared, rather than the previous neural feedback parameter, to better conform to a spiral and fluctuating training curve, specifically, the trainee is improved compared with the reference value after a certain training course, but the training effect is not monotonously increased in the training course, and various conditions such as fluctuation, temporary backward, stagnation, rapid improvement and the like may occur.
Preferably, the feedback score may be associated with a reward, thereby encouraging the trainee to concentrate on the training for better performance.
Further, the reference value may be a preset default value, or may be obtained by a resting task implemented by the processor before presenting the first task related to attention training, through the following steps:
s201, presenting a rest task by a processor;
s202, acquiring third blood oxygen data of a first brain area of the trainee in the rest state, wherein the third blood oxygen data are acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
and S203, processing the third blood oxygen data according to the definition of the neural feedback parameter by the processor to obtain a reference value of the neural feedback parameter.
It should be noted that during the execution of the resting task, the user needs to be prompted to keep relaxed and do not think, so as to obtain more accurate third blood oxygen data as the calculation basis of the reference value. When the reference value of the nerve feedback parameter is calculated, the corresponding reference value is calculated according to the definition of the currently used nerve feedback parameter, if the nerve feedback parameter which needs to be determined at present is a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of two different brain areas, the correlation parameter between the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area of the trainee in the resting task stage is determined according to the definition of the correlation parameter, so that the contrast condition between the embodied nerve feedback parameter and the reference value of the nerve feedback parameter can not deviate when the feedback content is determined subsequently, and the accuracy of the feedback content is ensured.
The following describes specific steps for obtaining feedback content of each brain region with reference to specific embodiments.
Under the condition that the nerve feedback parameters of each brain area included in the first brain area are the average value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the rest state of the trainee and the average value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the response period, the specific steps of obtaining the feedback content of each brain area are as follows:
s11, calculating the normalized baseline phase value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the resting state of the trainee according to the formula (1)
Figure 706881DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；
Figure 94000DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Formula (1)
Wherein the value of N is used to represent each brain area included in the first brain area, in this embodiment, numbers 1 to 4 may be used to represent SAN brain area, DMN brain area, prefrontal lobe brain area, and bilateral temporal lobe brain area,
Figure 994960DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is the median value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the resting state of the trainee, in equation (1)
Figure 151134DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，
Figure 213768DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Are respectively as
Figure 88183DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are rest state periods;
s12, calculating the normalized response stage value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the trainee' S response period according to the formula (2)
Figure 261676DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
Figure 787204DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Formula (2)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region as the mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's response, in equation (2)
Figure 20739DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，
Figure 382450DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Are respectively as
Figure 94054DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are response periods; it should be noted that the same is used in this embodiment although
Figure 490401DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And
Figure 894837DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
but the meaning of their corresponding minimum and maximum values is different in different formulae.
S13, mixing
Figure 478265DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And
Figure 524719DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the difference value is used as the change value of the nerve feedback parameter of each brain area
Figure 526304DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
I.e. by
Figure 836063DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
；
And S14, taking the difference value of the change values between different brain areas as a feedback score, and presenting the feedback score as at least part of feedback content. For example, the feedback fraction F =
Figure 906787DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
I.e. byRespectively calculating the change values between the nerve feedback parameters and the reference values of the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area to obtain
Figure 225773DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
And then difference conditions between the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area are obtained through difference processing, and the score F is presented to the trainee so that the trainee can know the concentration condition of the attention in the training.
When the nerve feedback parameters of each brain area included in the first brain area are the correlation between the blood oxygen data of the paired brain areas included in the first brain area, the specific steps of obtaining the feedback content of each brain area are as follows:
s21, calculating the correlation according to the formula (3);
Figure 331132DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
formula (3)
Wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling points, K is the total number of the sampling points,
Figure 77371DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of the i brain area,
Figure 946976DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
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，
Figure 29518DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
s22, calculating a function connection parameter Z during response through the formula (4);
Figure 212238DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
formula (4)
Wherein Z is a function connection parameter during the response period, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
s23, calculating feedback scores of each pair of brain areas through formula (5), and presenting the feedback scores as at least part of feedback contents;
Figure 257554DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
wherein Z isbaseIs the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, Z is the functional connection parameter during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
Further, after the first task is executed and the first feedback content is presented, a rest stage may be entered for the trainee to view the first feedback content and perform preliminary self-adjustment, and at the same time, the processor may simultaneously generate a second task related to attention training, where the second task may be the same as or different from the first task, and may be generated according to a preset rule or generated according to the first feedback content. When entering a second training stage, presenting a second task related to attention training by the processor, and then acquiring second blood oxygen data of a first brain area during the second task after the trainee acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment self-adjusts according to the first feedback content and responds to the first brain area; determining a second neuro-feedback parameter of the trainee according to the second blood oxygen data by the processor; and finally, determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second neural feedback parameter.
The actual training process of the second task is the same as that of the first task, and the method for determining the neural feedback parameters and the feedback content is the same, and repeated description is omitted here. It should be understood that, in the actual training process, the training phase may not be limited to two rounds, and through a plurality of training phases, the trainee can continuously perform self-adjustment according to the feedback content, so as to achieve the purpose of attention training.
The blood oxygen data of each attention-related brain area of the trainee in the period of responding to the training task is accurately acquired through the near infrared spectrum detection equipment, the nerve feedback data of the trainee is determined through the blood oxygen data of each brain area, and then the feedback content determined based on the nerve feedback data is presented to the trainee. Therefore, the trainee can know the training effect of each brain area based on the feedback content, guide self to carry out targeted adjustment, and can also repeat the steps to know the training progress of each brain area after self adjustment, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding and improving the training effect. Due to the fact that the near infrared spectrum detection device has better spatial resolution, all areas of the brain can be accurately measured and positioned, and signals of the areas of the brain measured nearby can be successfully distinguished, so that false correlation is avoided, and training effect is not affected.
A second embodiment of the present disclosure provides an attention training device, configured to train the attention of a trainee, which can be applied to a computer device connected with a near infrared spectrum detection device, and a schematic structural diagram of the attention training device is shown in fig. 2, and mainly includes the following functional modules coupled in sequence:
a first presentation module 10 for presenting a first task related to attention training; the acquisition module 20 is used for acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain area of the trainee during response to the first task, wherein the first blood oxygen data is acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection device; the determination module 30 is used for determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the first blood oxygen data; the second presentation module 40 is configured to determine and present the first feedback content according to the first neurofeedback parameter.
Specifically, the first task presented by the first presenting module 10 is a task related to attention training, and may be designed based on an existing psychological cognition experimental paradigm, and presented in the form of pictures, music, videos, games, and the like, and the training task usually adopts a chunk task design paradigm, that is, including a rest phase and a task phase which are performed alternately, and in the rest phase, a trainee is provided to rest and perform task feedback. In the training process, the trainee wears a near infrared spectrum detection device on the head, during the period that the trainee responds to the first task, the near infrared spectrum detection device continuously acquires first blood oxygen data of each brain area of the trainee, the acquisition module 20 acquires the first blood oxygen data acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection device, the determination module 30 determines a first nerve feedback parameter of the trainee during the period that the trainee responds to the first task according to the first blood oxygen data so as to represent the activity condition of each brain area of the trainee during the first task, and the second presentation module 40 determines and presents first feedback content according to the first nerve feedback parameter so that the trainee can know the training result according to the feedback content and carry out self-regulation.
In this embodiment, the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, which may comprise any one or more of the following brain regions: there is a continuing focus on part or all of the network (SAN) brain area, part or all of the Default Mode Network (DMN) brain area, part or all of the prefrontal brain area, and part or all of the bilateral temporal brain area. Specifically, SAN brain areas include the medial anterior cingulate cortex (mACC), the prefrontal gyrus (IFJ), the right temporal junction (rTPJ), the parietal sulcus (IPS), and DMN brain areas include the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the left horn gyrus (lAG), and the right horn gyrus (rAG), among others. It should be understood that the near infrared spectrum detection device should be provided with at least one signal channel, i.e. a set of light sources and a set of detectors, at a position corresponding to each brain region, so as to obtain blood oxygen data of the brain region.
When the first brain region includes at least two brain regions at least partially different from each other, the corresponding individual neurofeedback parameter may be a representative value of blood oxygen data of each brain region included in the first brain region, such as a median value of the blood oxygen data of each brain region during a response period, or an average value of the blood oxygen data, for characterizing the neural activity intensity of each brain region.
In some embodiments, each of the neurofeedback parameters may also be a difference between blood oxygen data of each of the brain regions at least partially different from each other, i.e. a difference between average values of the blood oxygen data corresponding to the two brain regions, for characterizing a variation of a difference in neural activity between the two brain regions. In some embodiments, the difference between the SAN brain region and the DMN brain region may be calculated, and since there is an antagonistic relationship between the SAN brain region and the DMN brain region, in particular, SAN activation and DMN deactivation may positively affect the attention of the individual, and the greater the difference in the intensity of neural activity between the two, the more attentive the trainee to some extent, the difference value after the difference processing may be used as one of the neural feedback data to represent the attention level of the trainee during training.
In some embodiments, each neurofeedback parameter may also be a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of each brain region at least partially different from each other, so as to analyze a correlation index of nerve activity intensity versus time variation trend between different brain regions as brain function connectivity data of different brain regions. As an example, for example, the correlation parameter (brain function connectivity parameter) between the lower right prefrontal brain region and the bilateral temporal brain region is in a positive correlation with the attention level of the trainee during training, and specifically, the larger the correlation parameter between the two brain regions, the better the brain function connectivity of the two brain regions is proved, and the higher the attention level of the trainee is (the higher the concentration the trainee can achieve).
In this embodiment, the feedback content presented by the second presentation module 40 after the task training is finished may be the neural feedback parameter itself, or a feedback score calculated and determined from the neural feedback parameter, or may reflect a comparison between the neural feedback parameter and a reference value thereof, or may include all or part of the above content at the same time, specifically, the feedback content is determined according to the actual requirement of the trainee. If the feedback content is the nerve feedback parameter, the trainee can directly acquire the nerve activity intensity condition of each brain area of the trainee, and self-adjustment is carried out in a targeted manner on the premise of knowing the meaning and the action of the nerve feedback parameter to a certain extent; and if the feedback content is the feedback score determined by calculation according to the nerve feedback parameters, calculating and determining a specific score representing the attention of the current trainee according to different nerve feedback parameters, so that the trainee can more intuitively know the attention training result of the trainee and can be instructed to perform self-regulation by aiming at improving the feedback score.
If the feedback content is the comparison condition between the neural feedback parameter and the reference value thereof, the trainee can conveniently determine the difference between the training result and the reference value, and know the progress or adjustment condition after each training, so as to realize more accurate self-evaluation and achieve better training effect. The feedback neural feedback parameter and the reference value thereof are compared, rather than the previous neural feedback parameter, to better conform to a spiral and fluctuating training curve, specifically, the trainee is improved compared with the reference value after a certain training course, but the training effect is not monotonously increased in the training course, and various conditions such as fluctuation, temporary backward, stagnation, rapid improvement and the like may occur.
Preferably, the feedback score may be associated with a reward, thereby encouraging the trainee to concentrate on the training for better performance.
Further, the reference value may be a preset default value, or may be determined by the attention training device performing a rest task before performing the first task. Specifically, a resting task is presented by the first presenting module 10, the third blood oxygen data of the first brain area of the resting state of the trainee obtained by the near infrared spectrum detection device is obtained by the obtaining module 20, and then the third blood oxygen data is processed by the determining module 30 according to the definition of the neurofeedback parameter to obtain the reference value of the neurofeedback parameter.
It should be noted that during the execution of the resting task, the user needs to be prompted to keep relaxed and do not think, so as to obtain more accurate third blood oxygen data as the calculation basis of the reference value. When the determining module 30 calculates the reference value of the neuro-feedback parameter, it needs to calculate the corresponding reference value according to the definition of the currently used neuro-feedback parameter, and if the neuro-feedback parameter that needs to be determined currently is the correlation parameter between the blood oxygen data of two different brain areas, the correlation parameter between the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area of the trainee in the resting task stage is determined according to the definition of the correlation parameter, so that the contrast condition between the neuro-feedback parameter embodied by the trainee and the reference value thereof will not deviate when the feedback content is determined subsequently, and the accuracy of the feedback content is ensured.
The specific steps of the second rendering module 20 determining the feedback content of each brain region will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Under the condition that the nerve feedback parameters of each brain area included in the first brain area are the average value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the rest state of the trainee and the average value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the response period, the specific steps of obtaining the feedback content of each brain area are as follows:
s11, calculating the normalized baseline phase value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the resting state of the trainee according to the formula (1)
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；
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Formula (1)
Wherein the value of N is used to represent each brain area included in the first brain area, in this embodiment, numbers 1 to 4 may be used to represent SAN brain area, DMN brain area, prefrontal lobe brain area, and bilateral temporal lobe brain area,
Figure 837068DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the median value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the resting state of the trainee, in equation (1)
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，
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Are respectively as
Figure 768618DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are rest state periods;
s12, calculating the normalized response stage value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the trainee' S response period according to the formula (2)
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；
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Formula (2)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region,
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mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's response, in equation (2)
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，
Figure 268870DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Are respectively as
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Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are response periods; it should be noted that the same is used in this embodiment although
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And
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but the meaning of their corresponding minimum and maximum values is different in different formulae.
S13, mixing
Figure 341420DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And
Figure 70341DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the difference value is used as the change value of the nerve feedback parameter of each brain area
Figure 680314DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
I.e. by
Figure 178292DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
；
And S14, taking the difference value of the change values between different brain areas as a feedback score, and presenting the feedback score as at least part of feedback content. For example, the feedback fraction F =
Figure 215518DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Namely, the change values between the nerve feedback parameters and the reference values of the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area are respectively calculated to obtain
Figure 182468DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
And then difference conditions between the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area are obtained through difference processing, and the score F is presented to the trainee so that the trainee can know the concentration condition of the attention in the training.
When the nerve feedback parameters of each brain area included in the first brain area are the correlation between the blood oxygen data of the paired brain areas included in the first brain area, the specific steps of obtaining the feedback content of each brain area are as follows:
s21, calculating the correlation according to the formula (3);
Figure 330553DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
formula (3)
Wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling points, K is the total number of the sampling points,
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the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of the i brain area,
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the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
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，
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mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
s22, calculating a function connection parameter Z during response through the formula (4);
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formula (4)
Wherein Z is a function connection parameter during the response period, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
s23, calculating feedback scores of each pair of brain areas through formula (5), and presenting the feedback scores as at least part of feedback contents;
Figure 444057DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
formula (5)
Wherein Z isbaseIs the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, Z is the functional connection parameter during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
Further, after the first task is completed and the first feedback content is presented, a rest phase may be entered for the trainee to view the first feedback content and perform preliminary self-adjustment, and meanwhile, the first presentation module 10 may simultaneously generate a second task related to attention training, where the second task may be the same as or different from the first task, and may be generated according to a preset rule or generated according to the first feedback content. When entering the second training stage, the first presenting module 10 presents a second task related to attention training, and then the acquiring module 20 acquires second blood oxygen data of the first brain area during the second task after the trainee acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection device self-adjusts according to the first feedback content and responds to the first brain area; determining, by the determining module 30, a second neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the second blood oxygen data; finally, the second feedback content is determined and presented by the second presentation module 40 according to the second neurofeedback parameter.
The actual training process of the second task is the same as that of the first task, and the method for determining the neural feedback parameters and the feedback content is the same, and repeated description is omitted here. It should be understood that, in the actual training process, the training phase may not be limited to two rounds, and through a plurality of training phases, the trainee can continuously perform self-adjustment according to the feedback content, so as to achieve the purpose of attention training.
The blood oxygen data of each attention-related brain area of the trainee in the period of responding to the training task is accurately acquired through the near infrared spectrum detection equipment, the nerve feedback data of the trainee is determined through the blood oxygen data of each brain area, and then the feedback content determined based on the nerve feedback data is presented to the trainee. Therefore, the trainee can know the training effect of each brain area based on the feedback content, guide self to carry out targeted adjustment, and can also repeat the steps to know the training progress of each brain area after self adjustment, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding and improving the training effect. Due to the fact that the near infrared spectrum detection device has better spatial resolution, all areas of the brain can be accurately measured and positioned, and signals of the areas of the brain measured nearby can be successfully distinguished, so that false correlation is avoided, and training effect is not affected.
A third embodiment of the present disclosure provides an attention training device, which at least includes a memory 100 and a processor 200, and is schematically illustrated in fig. 3, where the memory 100 stores computer-executable instructions, and the processor 200, when executing the computer-executable instructions, implements the following steps:
s1, presenting, by the processor, a first task related to attention training;
s2, acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain area of the trainee during the first task responding by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
s3, determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the first blood oxygen data by the processor;
s4, determining and presenting, by the processor, first feedback content based on the first neurofeedback parameter.
Further, the processor 200, after performing the step of presenting the first feedback content on the memory, further executes the following computer program:
s5, presenting a second task related to attention training;
s6, acquiring second blood oxygen data of the trainee in response to the first brain area during the second task after self-adjustment according to the first feedback content, wherein the second blood oxygen data is acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
s7, determining a second neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the second blood oxygen data;
and S8, determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second nerve feedback parameters.
Further, the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, which may comprise any one or more of the following brain regions: there is a continuing focus on part or all of the network (SAN) brain area, part or all of the Default Mode Network (DMN) brain area, part or all of the prefrontal brain area, and part or all of the bilateral temporal brain area. Specifically, SAN brain areas include the medial anterior cingulate cortex (mACC), the prefrontal gyrus (IFJ), the right temporal junction (rTPJ), the parietal sulcus (IPS), and DMN brain areas include the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the left horn gyrus (lAG), and the right horn gyrus (rAG), among others.
Further, the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, and the respective neurofeedback parameter comprises at least one of: the first brain area comprises a representative value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area, wherein the representative value comprises at least one of a median value and an average value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area; a difference between blood oxygen data of respective brain regions comprised by the first brain region that are at least partially different from each other; and a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of respective brain regions comprised by the first brain region and being at least partially different from each other.
Further, the feedback content determined by the processor 200 may be the neurofeedback parameter itself, or a feedback score calculated and determined from the neurofeedback parameter, may also represent a comparison between the neurofeedback parameter and a reference value thereof, and may also include some or all of the above contents.
Further, the reference value may be a preset default value, or may be obtained by the processor 200 through a rest task implemented by the following steps before presenting the first task related to attention training:
s31, presenting a rest task by the processor;
s32, acquiring third blood oxygen data of the first brain area of the trainee in the rest state, which are acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
and S33, processing the third blood oxygen data according to the definition of the neurofeedback parameter by the processor to obtain a reference value of the neurofeedback parameter.
Further, the neurofeedback parameters of the respective brain regions included in the first brain region include: the average of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's resting state and the average of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the response period, at this time, the processor 200 calculates the feedback contents of each brain region by the following steps:
s41, calculating the normalized baseline phase value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the resting state of the trainee according to the formula (1)
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；
Figure 124754DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Formula (1)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each of the first brain regions comprisingThe brain region of the patient is identified,
Figure 717409DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is the median value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the resting state of the trainee, in equation (1)
Figure 1760DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，
Figure 679866DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Are respectively as
Figure 973444DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are rest state periods;
s42, calculating the normalized response stage value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain area during the trainee' S response period according to the formula (2)
Figure 171338DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
Figure 892170DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Formula (2)
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region,
Figure 57572DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is the mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's response, in equation (2)
Figure 889262DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，
Figure 456509DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Are respectively as
Figure 937124DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Minimum and maximum values within respective periods, where the respective periods are response periods; should be used forNote that the same is used in this embodiment
Figure 324243DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And
Figure 959624DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
but the meaning of their corresponding minimum and maximum values is different in different formulae.
S43, mixing
Figure 381378DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And
Figure 444012DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the difference value is used as the change value of the nerve feedback parameter of each brain area
Figure 69160DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
；
And S44, taking the difference value of the change values between different brain areas as a feedback score, and presenting the feedback score as at least part of feedback content.
Further, when the neuro-feedback parameter of each brain region included in the first brain region is a correlation between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region, the specific steps of the processor 200 obtaining the feedback content of each brain region are as follows:
s51, calculating the correlation according to the formula (3);
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formula (3)
Wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling points, K is the total number of the sampling points,
Figure 518912DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of the i brain area,
Figure 752448DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is brain jThe blood oxygen concentration value at the kth sample point of the zone,
Figure 848580DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
，
Figure 825763DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
s52, calculating a function connection parameter Z during response through the formula (4);
Figure 956530DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
formula (4)
Wherein Z is a function connection parameter during the response period, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
s53, calculating feedback scores of each pair of brain areas through formula (5), and presenting the feedback scores as at least part of feedback contents;
Figure 360967DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
wherein Z isbaseIs the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, Z is the functional connection parameter during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
The blood oxygen data of each attention-related brain area of the trainee in the period of responding to the training task is accurately acquired through the near infrared spectrum detection equipment, the nerve feedback data of the trainee is determined through the blood oxygen data of each brain area, and then the feedback content determined based on the nerve feedback data is presented to the trainee. Therefore, the trainee can know the training effect of each brain area based on the feedback content, guide self to carry out targeted adjustment, and can also repeat the steps to know the training progress of each brain area after self adjustment, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding and improving the training effect. And the near infrared spectrum detection equipment has better spatial resolution, can accurately measure and position each region of the brain, and can successfully distinguish signals of nearby measured brain regions, thereby avoiding false correlation and influencing training effect.
A fourth embodiment of the present disclosure provides an attention training system comprising a near infrared spectrum detection device and an attention training device as provided in the third embodiment of the present disclosure, and may further comprise a display device for viewing by a trainee.
The flow of the attention training task will be described in detail below with reference to two specific embodiments.
Implementation mode one
The trainee was prompted to read the advice of continuous attention in the training before the training task began: details (position, size, color, etc.) of a display picture on a screen (display device) of interest; the score of each round of nerve feedback can determine the final training effect, and the higher the score is, the better the training effect is;
and (3) acquiring blood oxygen data of the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area of the trainer by using near infrared spectrum detection equipment, and transmitting the blood oxygen data to a processing terminal. The subject began performing the attention task and repeated 5 training rounds. Each training round is performed in the following order:
stage 1, a picture of the plant showing the baseline stage appears on the screen, and the trainee receives the following indications: "need to relax, do not need to think, keep thinking wandering" under the rest condition, this stage lasts 30 seconds; at this time, the attention training device determines
Figure 209974DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
A value;
stage 2, an animal picture representing a continuous attention stage appears on the screen, and the trainee is simultaneously required to continuously pay attention to the screen information, wherein the stage lasts for 40 seconds; at this time, the attention training device determines
Figure 240116DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
A value;
stage 3, calculating normalized baseline stage values of blood oxygen data of SAN brain area and DMN brain area by formula (1) and formula (2)
Figure 225389DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
And normalizing the response phase value
Figure 535148DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Determining the change values of the nerve feedback parameters of the SAN brain area and the DMN brain area respectively
Figure 871451DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
Then, after difference processing, the neural feedback characteristic value obtained is F, F =
Figure 190437DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
The trainee is simultaneously presented with the following screen: "score F during the last round of training" this phase lasts 4 seconds; at this time, the trainee makes self-adjustment according to the obtained score;
stage 4, the trainee takes a rest and prepares for the next round of training.
Finally, the sum of the feedback scores of each round is positively correlated with the training bonus, so that the trainee is stimulated to achieve better training effect.
Second embodiment
The implementation process of the attention training system will be described by taking an example of a variation example of functional connection between the lower right prefrontal lobe and the bilateral temporal lobe of a healthy person in a study of attention tasks.
Before the training task, the attention training device sets the letters as stimuli requiring response and sets the numbers as stimuli not requiring response, and simultaneously prompts the trainee to pay attention through a screen.
Blood oxygen data of the prefrontal lobe brain area and the temporal lobe brain area of the subject are acquired by using a near infrared spectrum detection device. The training task is run on the screen and the trainee starts to perform the attention task, repeating 20 training rounds, each training round being performed in the following order:
1. when letters are displayed on the screen, the trainee presses a button to respond to the stimulus, when numbers are displayed on the screen, the trainee restrains the movement impulse of the trainee from responding, the letters or the numbers are displayed in a pseudo-random sequence at intervals of 1.8s, 20 stimuli appear in total, and the period lasts for 36 seconds;
2. the feedback score to the handler is displayed for 4 seconds.
3. The trainee takes a rest and prepares for the next round of training.
The attention training device preprocesses the received blood oxygen data, removes abnormal signals, removes motion artifacts and corrects a baseline. And (3) carrying out mean value processing based on a time line on blood oxygen data acquired and preprocessed in real time by combining training task time information, calculating correlation rij between two regions through a formula (3), calculating a functional connection parameter Z between the two regions according to a formula (4), and converting the functional connection parameter Z into a Score through a formula (5) so as to be transmitted to display equipment as feedback content for a trainee to check.
And, the Score is associated with the training reward, the higher the Score, the better the training reward, thus encouraging the trainee. After receiving the feedback content, the trainee adjusts the training strategy to adjust the connection between the right lower prefrontal lobe and the bilateral temporal lobe brain, and continues to perform the attention training of the next stage until all training tasks are completed.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents of the disclosure herein disclosed may occur to persons skilled in the art and are deemed to be within the spirit and scope of the disclosure herein.

Claims (11)

1. An attention training method, comprising:
presenting, by a processor, a first task related to attention training;
acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device;
determining, by the processor, a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the first blood oxygen data;
determining and presenting, by the processor, first feedback content according to the first neurofeedback parameter;
the attention training method further comprises, after presenting the first feedback content:
presenting, by the processor, a second task related to attention training;
acquiring second blood oxygen data of the trainee in response to the first brain area during the second task after self-adjustment according to the first feedback content, wherein the second blood oxygen data is acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
determining, by the processor, a second neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the second blood oxygen data;
determining and presenting, by the processor, second feedback content according to the second neurofeedback parameter;
wherein each neurofeedback parameter comprises at least a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of respective brain areas comprised by the first brain area that are at least partially different from each other;
the neurofeedback parameter includes a correlation between blood oxygen data of pairs of brain regions included in the first brain region, and the correlation is calculated by equation (3):
Figure FDA0003523883190000011
wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling point, K is the total number of the sampling points, xi(k) Blood oxygen concentration value, x, of the k-th sampling point of the i brain regionj(k) The blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
Figure FDA0003523883190000012
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
the feedback content of each pair of brain areas is obtained by the following steps:
calculating a functional connection parameter Z during a response by formula (4);
Figure FDA0003523883190000013
wherein Z is a functional connection parameter during response, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
calculating a feedback score for each pair of brain regions by formula (5), the feedback score being presented as at least part of the feedback content;
Figure FDA0003523883190000021
wherein Z isbaseIs the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, Z is the functional connection parameter during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
2. The attention training method of claim 1, wherein the first brain region comprises at least two brain regions that are at least partially different from each other, and wherein the respective neurofeedback parameters further comprise at least one of:
the first brain area comprises a representative value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area, wherein the representative value comprises at least one of a median value and an average value of the blood oxygen data of each brain area;
the first brain region comprises differences between blood oxygen data of respective brain regions that are at least partially different from each other.
3. The attention training method of claim 2, wherein the first brain region comprises brain regions each selected from the group consisting of part or all of a continuous network of interest (SAN) brain region, part or all of a Default Mode Network (DMN) brain region, part or all of a prefrontal brain region, and part or all of a bilateral temporal brain region.
4. The attention-training method of claim 3, wherein the SAN brain region comprises the medial anterior cingulate cortex (mACC), the superior frontal lobe (IFJ), the right temporal lobe junction (rTPJ), the sulcus parietal (IPS), and the DMN brain region comprises the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC), the medial frontal cortex (mPCC), the left horn return (lAG), and the right horn return (rAG).
5. The attention training method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the feedback content comprises a score.
6. The attention training method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the feedback content represents a comparison between the neurofeedback parameter and its baseline value.
7. The attention training method of claim 6, wherein the reference value is preset or obtained by the following steps before presenting the first task related to attention training:
presenting, by the processor, a rest task;
acquiring third blood oxygen data of a first brain area of the trainee in the rest state, which is acquired by the near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
and processing the third blood oxygen data according to the definition of the neural feedback parameter by the processor to obtain a reference value of the neural feedback parameter.
8. The attention training method of claim 7, wherein the neurofeedback parameters for each of the brain regions comprised by the first brain region comprise: the mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's resting state and the mean of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the response,
the feedback content of each brain area is obtained by the following steps:
calculating normalized baseline phase values of blood oxygen data of respective brain regions during the trainee's resting state according to equation (1)
Figure FDA0003523883190000031
Figure FDA0003523883190000032
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize each brain region comprised by the first brain region,
Figure FDA0003523883190000033
the median value of the blood oxygen data of the corresponding brain region during the resting state of the trainee, in equation (1)
Figure FDA0003523883190000034
Are respectively as
Figure FDA0003523883190000035
Minimum and maximum values during respective periods;
calculating normalized response stage values for blood oxygen data of corresponding brain regions during said trainee's response according to equation (2)
Figure FDA0003523883190000036
Figure FDA0003523883190000037
Wherein the value of N is used to characterize the respective brain regions comprised by said first brain region, SNIs the blood of the corresponding brain region during the trainee's responseMean of oxygen data, equation (2)
Figure FDA0003523883190000038
Are respectively SNMinimum and maximum values during respective periods;
will be provided with
Figure FDA0003523883190000041
And
Figure FDA0003523883190000042
the difference value between the two is used as the change value nsc of the nerve feedback parameter of each brain areaN；
And taking the difference value of the change values between different brain areas as a feedback score, and presenting the feedback score as at least part of feedback content.
9. An attention-training device, comprising:
a first presentation module for presenting a first task related to attention training;
an acquisition module for acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device;
a determination module for determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee according to the first blood oxygen data;
the second presentation module is used for determining and presenting the first feedback content according to the first neural feedback parameter;
the first presenting module is further used for presenting a second task related to attention training;
the acquisition module is further used for acquiring second blood oxygen data of the first brain area during the second task after the trainee self-adjusts according to the first feedback content and responds to the first brain area by near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
the determination module is further configured to determine a second neuro-feedback parameter of the trainee according to the second blood oxygen data;
the second presentation module is further used for determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second neural feedback parameter;
wherein each neurofeedback parameter comprises at least a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of respective brain areas comprised by the first brain area that are at least partially different from each other;
the neurofeedback parameter includes a correlation between blood oxygen data of pairs of brain regions included in the first brain region, and the correlation is calculated by equation (3):
Figure FDA0003523883190000043
wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling point, K is the total number of the sampling points, xi(k) Blood oxygen concentration value, x, of the k-th sampling point of the i brain regionj(k) The blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
Figure FDA0003523883190000044
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
the feedback content of each pair of brain areas is obtained by the following steps:
calculating a functional connection parameter Z during a response by formula (4);
Figure FDA0003523883190000051
wherein Z is a functional connection parameter during response, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
calculating a feedback score for each pair of brain regions by formula (5), the feedback score being presented as at least part of the feedback content;
Figure FDA0003523883190000052
wherein Z isbaseIs the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, Z is the functional connection parameter during the response, SD is the standard deviation of the functional connection parameter of the trainee during the rest task, and Score is the feedback Score.
10. An attention training device, comprising at least a memory having computer-executable instructions stored thereon and a processor that when executed performs the steps of:
presenting a first task related to attention training;
acquiring first blood oxygen data of a first brain region of a trainee during a response to the first task, acquired by a near infrared spectrum detection device;
determining a first neurofeedback parameter of the trainee from the first blood oxygen data;
determining and presenting first feedback content according to the first neurofeedback parameter;
the processor, when executing the computer-executable instructions, further performs the steps of:
presenting a second task related to attention training;
acquiring second blood oxygen data of the trainee in response to the first brain area during the second task after self-adjustment according to the first feedback content, wherein the second blood oxygen data is acquired by near infrared spectrum detection equipment;
determining a second neurofeedback parameter for the trainee from the second blood oxygen data;
determining and presenting second feedback content according to the second neural feedback parameter;
wherein each neurofeedback parameter comprises at least a correlation parameter between blood oxygen data of respective brain areas comprised by the first brain area that are at least partially different from each other;
the neurofeedback parameter includes a correlation between blood oxygen data of pairs of brain regions included in the first brain region, and the correlation is calculated by equation (3):
Figure FDA0003523883190000061
wherein i and j refer to different brain regions, K is the serial number of the sampling point, K is the total number of the sampling points, xi(k) Blood oxygen concentration value, x, of the k-th sampling point of the i brain regionj(k) The blood oxygen concentration value of the k sampling point of j brain area,
Figure FDA0003523883190000062
mean blood oxygen concentration values, r, for the i and j brain regions during the training session, respectivelyijA correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain regions included in the first brain region;
the feedback content of each pair of brain areas is obtained by the following steps:
calculating a functional connection parameter Z during a response by formula (4);
Figure FDA0003523883190000063
wherein Z is a functional connection parameter during response, and r is a correlation coefficient between blood oxygen data of paired brain areas included in the first brain area;
calculating a feedback score for each pair of brain regions by formula (5), the feedback score being presented as at least part of the feedback content;
Figure FDA0003523883190000064
wherein Z isbaseFor the trainee's functional connection parameters during the rest task, Z for the response period, SD for the trainee's functional connection parameters during the rest taskStandard deviation of functional connection parameters during rest tasks, Score is the feedback Score.
11. An attention training system comprising a near infrared spectroscopy detection device and an attention training device as claimed in claim 10.
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