CN110307067A - 计算颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法、控制碳烟量的方法、排气后处理系统、车辆及程序产品 - Google Patents

计算颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法、控制碳烟量的方法、排气后处理系统、车辆及程序产品 Download PDF

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CN110307067A
CN110307067A CN201910219886.1A CN201910219886A CN110307067A CN 110307067 A CN110307067 A CN 110307067A CN 201910219886 A CN201910219886 A CN 201910219886A CN 110307067 A CN110307067 A CN 110307067A
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soot
amount
combustion engine
particulate filter
vehicle
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迈克尔·戈尔根
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FEV Europe GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
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    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1466—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a soot concentration or content
    • F02D41/1467—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a soot concentration or content with determination means using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/11—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/10—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F01N2900/104—Battery status
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/12—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1606—Particle filter loading or soot amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1611—Particle filter ash amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/38—Control for minimising smoke emissions, e.g. by applying smoke limitations on the fuel injection amount
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于计算车辆(1)的颗粒过滤器(6)中的碳烟量的方法，该车辆包括燃烧发动机(2)和电动机(3)，该方法在计算时考虑该燃烧发动机(2)的负载、转速和温度。此外，针对计算考虑该电动机(3)的电池(4)的电量和/或充电容量。本发明还涉及一种用于控制碳烟量以便影响颗粒过滤器(6)的过滤效果的方法、一种用于车辆(1)的排气后处理系统(5)、一种车辆以及一种计算机程序产品。

Description

计算颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法、控制碳烟量的方法、排气 后处理系统、车辆及程序产品
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于计算颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法、一种排气后处理系统、一种车辆和一种计算机程序产品。
背景技术
DE1 02014006692 A1公开了一种带有颗粒过滤器的奥托发动机和再生策略以及对此的方法。
发明内容
根据本发明的、用于计算包括燃烧发动机和电动机的车辆的颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法在计算时考虑该燃烧发动机的负载、转速和温度。此外，针对计算考虑该电动机的电池的电量和/或充电容量。
颗粒过滤器的任务在于将碳烟从排气流中过滤出去。排气流通过燃烧而产生，例如通过燃烧发动机的燃烧室中的燃烧。碳烟包括作为燃烧时的副产品而形成的颗粒。碳烟颗粒保留在颗粒过滤器中，位于颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量由此增加。由此在颗粒过滤器下游的排气流中不包含经过滤的碳烟颗粒。
颗粒过滤器的过滤效果取决于位于颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量MS。针对颗粒过滤器中较高的碳烟量MS，提高颗粒过滤器的过滤效果。因此，对于燃烧发动机的运行、尤其对于遵守排气纯度的法律规定而言有利的是，确定和/或计算颗粒过滤器的碳烟量MS以及基于此颗粒过滤器的过滤效果。
对于燃烧发动机、尤其对于奥托发动机而言，燃烧时产生的碳烟的大部分产生于燃烧发动机的启动期间、尤其是冷启动期间。原因例如在于，在启动期间燃烧发动机的温度低于燃烧发动机运行的最佳温度。由此例如得出燃料的蒸发特性，所述蒸发特性使对用于燃烧的燃料进行最佳配量变得困难。由于并非最佳的配量，燃烧时碳烟的量增加。
启动时和/或运行期间产生的碳烟量取决于燃烧发动机的负载、转速和温度。较低的温度造成碳烟量增加。转速低于燃烧发动机的目标转速同样造成碳烟量增加。在此，目标转速是针对例如燃料配量等燃烧参数进行了优化的燃烧发动机的转速。此外，碳烟量取决于燃烧发动机的负载。
对于包括燃烧发动机和电动机的车辆，能够得出变化的碳烟量，该变化的碳烟量在燃烧发动机启动和/或运行时产生。原因在于，电动机能够为燃烧发动机提供支持以便通过功率传输实现目标转速。这可以例如在进行燃油配量时实现对燃烧参数的优化。在此，功率从电动机传输至燃烧发动机，并且功率传输取决于电动机的电池的电量和/或充电容量。针对较高的电量和/或较高的充电容量得出较高的、可能的功率传输。
充电容量对应于电池能够接收的最大能量。充电容量因较低的电池温度和电池老化而下降。电量对应于当前电池中储存的能量。电量就此而言取决于充电容量，即电量不超过充电容量。
此外，对于包括燃烧发动机和电动机的车辆，得出燃烧发动机的降低的温度。原因在于出现这样的阶段，在这些阶段期间燃烧发动机为了电动机而关闭。随之而来的是在燃烧发动机启动和/或运行期间产生的增加的碳烟量。
根据本发明的用于控制碳烟量以便影响颗粒过滤器的过滤效果的方法包括以下步骤：
a)按照根据本发明的方法算出该颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量；
b)借助算出的该颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量选择燃烧发动机参数。
对于包括燃烧发动机和电动机的车辆，考虑电动机对颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的影响可以实现对碳烟量的更准确的计算。更准确的计算意味着，算出的碳烟量更加符合颗粒过滤器中实际存在的碳烟量。这可以实现燃烧发动机的更环保的运行，因为能够根据实际的过滤效果优化地选择例如针对燃烧的燃烧发动机参数。在此，实际的过滤效果是从颗粒过滤器中存在的实际碳烟量得出的颗粒过滤器的过滤效果。
例如能够如此利用根据本发明的方法：更改燃烧发动机参数，使得碳烟量的调整以碳烟减少的形式进行。
根据本发明的用于车辆的排气后处理系统包括颗粒过滤器的控制系统和颗粒过滤器，其中该控制系统被适配成用于执行根据本发明的方法。此外，该车辆包括燃烧发动机和电动机。
排气后处理系统可以实现对颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的计算，该碳烟量更加符合颗粒过滤器中存在的实际碳烟量。原因在于考虑了因电动机引起的对碳烟量的影响。这可以实现燃烧发动机的更环保的运行。
根据本发明的车辆包括燃烧发动机、电动机和根据本发明的排气后处理系统。
根据本发明的方法允许对颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的更准确的计算。对碳烟量的准确计算有利于车辆的更环保的运行。原因在于，颗粒过滤器的过滤效果取决于颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量。
根据本发明的计算机程序产品包括如下程序，该程序在由根据本发明的控制系统运行时促使该控制系统执行根据本发明的方法。
根据本发明的方法可以实现对颗粒过滤器的实际过滤效果的更准确的计算。由此，根据本发明的控制系统可以例如通过使用根据本发明的计算机程序产品实现如此控制颗粒过滤器，使得不低于排气纯度的法律规定。此外，这可以实现燃烧发动机的更环保的运行。
实施例描述了本发明的其他有利的实施方式。
附图说明
优选的实施例借助以下附图进一步阐述。
图1示出根据本发明的车辆。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的车辆1，该车辆包括燃烧发动机2和电动机3。根据本发明的用于计算车辆1的颗粒过滤器6中的碳烟量的方法在计算时考虑燃烧发动机2的负载、转速和温度。此外，针对计算考虑电动机3的电池4的电量和/或充电容量。
在一种实施例中，将碳烟量与燃烧发动机的负载和转速的相关性通过第一特征图谱进行考虑。将与燃烧发动机温度的相关性作为第一特征图谱的第一因数进行考虑。针对较低的温度，得出较高的第一因数。针对特征图谱中的每个单独的值考虑第一因数。
电量和/或充电容量得出第一特征图谱的第一调制。第一调制造成第一特征图谱中的值的变化，其中得出碳烟量的较小的和/或一样大的值。第一调制得出的结果越小，电池的电量便越小。对于无法实现电动机至燃烧发动机的功率传输(这造成在燃烧发动机启动和/或运行期间碳烟减少)的电量，不考虑第一特征图谱上的第一调制。
在一种实施例中，为了计算温度，考虑车辆1的环境温度、油温和水温。
在该实施例中，温度是第一特征图谱的第二调制。第二调制考虑燃烧发动机2的环境温度和/或油温和/或水温。第二调制能够作为第一特征图谱的第一因数的替选进行考虑。较高的温度值以如下方式得出第一特征图谱的第二调制，使得第一特征图谱中的值变小。
第一特征图谱的第二调制可以实现对热力学过程的更准确的考虑，如燃烧发动机2中的温度分布。这可以实现对碳烟量的更准确的计算和燃烧发动机2的更环保的运行。
在一种实施例中，在计算碳烟量时考虑第一时间段，在该第一时间段期间燃烧发动机2在车辆1的运行期间关闭。
这例如在第一特征图谱的第三调制期间发生。在此，针对较长的第一时间段得出第一特征图谱中的值通过第三调制而增大。该调制考虑在较长的第一时间段期间下降的燃烧发动机温度。由此造成碳烟量的增加。
有利地，第三调制可以实现对温度下降的考虑和由此由第一时间段引起的碳烟量的增加。这可以实现对碳烟量的更准确的计算和燃烧发动机2的更环保的运行。
在一种实施例中，在计算碳烟量时考虑燃烧发动机2在第二时间段内的有效重启次数。此外，有效重启次数与温度具有相关性。
在此，有效重启次数是利用第二因数调制过的燃烧发动机2的重启次数。重启次数是燃烧发动机2在第二时间段内进行的启动的次数。在此，燃烧发动机2在为了电动机3而重启前接通。
在此，第二因数考虑燃烧发动机2的温度。对于例如能够实现对燃料的最佳配量的温度，能够忽略针对有效重启次数的第二因数。
针对较低的温度，得出较高的第二因数。由此提高有效重启次数。将有效重启次数作为第一特征图谱的第三因数进行考虑。较高的第三因数得出针对第一特征图谱中的碳烟量的较高的值。由此考虑在启动期间在低温下产生的较高的碳烟量。
这可以实现对碳烟量的更准确的计算和燃烧发动机2的更环保的运行。
在此，所列举的实施例可以单独或组合地实施。
根据本发明的用于控制碳烟量以便影响颗粒过滤器6的过滤效果的方法包括以下步骤：
a)按照根据本发明的方法算出颗粒过滤器6中的碳烟量；
b)借助算出的颗粒过滤器6中的碳烟量选择燃烧发动机参数。
根据本发明的用于车辆1的排气后处理系统5包括颗粒过滤器6的控制系统7和颗粒过滤器6，其中控制系统5被适配成用于执行根据本发明的方法。
根据本发明的车辆1包括根据本发明的排气后处理系统5。
根据本发明的计算机程序产品包括如下程序，该程序在由控制系统7运行时促使控制系统7执行根据本发明的方法。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于计算车辆(1)的颗粒过滤器(6)中的碳烟量的方法，该车辆包括燃烧发动机(2)和电动机(3)，其中在计算时考虑该燃烧发动机(2)的负载、转速和温度，并且其中在计算时考虑该电动机(3)的电池(4)的电量和/或充电容量。
2.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其中为了计算温度，考虑该车辆(1)的环境温度和/或油温和/或水温。
3.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其中在计算该碳烟量时考虑第一时间段，在该第一时间段期间该燃烧发动机(2)在该车辆(1)的运行期间关闭。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其中在计算该碳烟量时考虑该燃烧发动机(2)在第二时间段内的有效重启次数。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中该有效重启次数与温度具有相关性。
6.一种用于控制碳烟量以便影响颗粒过滤器(6)的过滤效果的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)根据权利要求1至5之一算出该颗粒过滤器(6)中的碳烟量；
b)借助算出的该颗粒过滤器(6)中的碳烟量选择燃烧发动机参数。
7.一种用于车辆(1)的排气后处理系统(5)，其中该车辆(1)包括燃烧发动机(2)和电动机(3)，并且其中该排气后处理系统(5)包括颗粒过滤器的控制系统(7)和颗粒过滤器(6)，并且其中该控制系统(7)被适配成用于执行根据权利要求1至5之一或6所述的方法。
8.一种车辆(1)，包括燃烧发动机(2)、电动机(3)和根据权利要求7所述的排气后处理系统(5)。
9.一种计算机程序产品，包括如下程序，该程序在由控制系统运行时促使该控制系统执行根据本发明的、根据权利要求1至5之一或6所述的方法。
CN201910219886.1A 2018-03-27 2019-03-21 计算颗粒过滤器中的碳烟量的方法、控制碳烟量的方法、排气后处理系统、车辆及程序产品 Pending CN110307067A (zh)

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