CN110301378A - A kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301378A CN110301378A CN201910687666.1A CN201910687666A CN110301378A CN 110301378 A CN110301378 A CN 110301378A CN 201910687666 A CN201910687666 A CN 201910687666A CN 110301378 A CN110301378 A CN 110301378A
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 241000276701 Oreochromis mossambicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000021401 pellet diet Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000020084 Bone disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical class [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003929 Transaminases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000340 Transaminases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014106 fortified food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001497 healthy food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present patent application belongs to Tilapia mossambica cultural technique field, specifically disclose a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultural method, comprising the following steps: (1) fry is launched, (2) are fed early period: feeding Tilapia mossambica using expanded pellet diet and (3) later period feeds.The aquaculture cost of this cultural method is low, can make the enrichment that Se content is stable, effective and controllable in fish body, additionally it is possible to promote the growth of fish, and improve the immunity of fish, be very suitable for standardization, high-volume large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present patent application belongs to Tilapia mossambica cultural technique field, specifically discloses a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultivation side
Method.
Background technique
Selenium is one of the essential trace element for maintaining humans and animals body, not only there is strengthen immunity, growth promotion, antioxygen
Change, anti-aging, protection liver and other effects, additionally it is possible to which prevention malnutrition, big osteopathy, hepatonecrosis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, cancer etc. are many
Disease, so with the development of social economy and the enhancing of people's health consciousness, selenium-supply is had gradually become the consensus of people.
The flesh of fish contains ten various trace elements such as protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, is ideal high protein, low fat, low gallbladder
The nutritious and healthy food of sterol, wherein Tilapia mossambica because of its delicious meat, it is very popular without being pierced between flesh.
Those skilled in the art are frequently with following two method breeding selenium rich Tilapia mossambica at present: one is rely on natural selenium-rich
Regional (such as enshi) is cultivated, but this mode has very big region limitation, is hardly formed standardization, scale
The production of change cultivates, and China is selenium deficiency country, and 72% area has selenium deficiency in varying degrees；Another kind is
Make Tilapia mossambica Enriching Selenium by feeding selenium-rich fish meal in the fry phase, although this cultural method can break through region limitation,
But aquaculture cost is higher, and not can guarantee effective enrichment of Se content in Tilapia mossambica body.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica produce cultural method, with solve existing cultural method at
The problem of this is higher, not can guarantee effective enrichment of Se content in Tilapia mossambica body.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) fry is launched: selection neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry launch pond；
(2) early period feeds: feeding Tilapia mossambica using expanded pellet diet；
(3) later period feeds: control pond water temperature is 20-24 DEG C, feeds selenium-rich fish when 14-28 days before Tilapia mossambica listing and raises
Material, the muscle Se content for controlling Tilapia mossambica is 0.3-0.5 ㎎/㎏, day feeding volume=(Tilapia mossambica average weight of selenium-rich fish meal
× mantissa) × 2.5-3.5%.
The principle and beneficial effect of the technical program are:
(1) " listing " so-called in the technical program is that Tilapia mossambica carries out the sale time on the market.
(2) the technical program can reach 0.5 ㎎/㎏ in the muscle Se content of 14 angel Tilapia mossambicas, guarantee that high-volume is raw
The intracorporal Se content of Tilapia mossambica stable, effective and controllable enrichment when production.
The reason of muscle Se content of the technical program control Tilapia mossambica reaches 0.3-0.5 ㎎/㎏ is:
DB6124 Ankang City provincial standard 1. (DB6124.01-2010) selenium-enriched food Se content classification standard: aquatic products and system
Product index Se content 0.02-1.00 ㎎/㎏, fresh meat 0.02-0.50 ㎎/㎏.
2. the Hubei Province 6DBS42 food safety provincial standard (DBS42/002-2014) organic selenium-rich food Se content requires:
Aquatic product index Se content: 0.2-1.0 ㎎/㎏, fresh aquatic products index Se content: 0.2-0.5 ㎎/㎏.
3. Hunan Province's group norms T/HNFX 001-2017 (v01) Se-rich farm products Se content requires: fish and its processing
Product 0.2-1.2 ㎎/㎏, marine product and its converted products 0.2-1.5 ㎎/㎏.
According to the above professional standard, but it is not limited to above-mentioned professional standard, the technical program is selected selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica most
Good muscle Se content control is in 0.3-0.5 ㎎/㎏.
In addition, usually can just be held when launching fry when those skilled in the art use selenium-rich fish meal cultivating tilapia
Beginning feeds selenium-rich fish meal, applicants have discovered that this cultural method can have the following problems: 1. fish body is chronically exposed to containing selenium
In feed environment, it will cause that the intracorporal Se content of fish is excessively high and slow growth, poisoning, or even dead, and be unable to control fish body
Interior Se content；2. this biopack has one's own if fish body to be compared to the biopack of a receiving selenium
Dynamic equilibrium, in other words: fish body is also carrying out Selenium Metabolism while accumulating selenium, undoubtedly will cause by the selenium that fish metabolism is fallen
The waste of selenium-rich fish meal, and cause the aquaculture cost of selenium-rich fish higher.The technical program selection lists preceding 14 in Tilapia mossambica
It feeds selenium-rich fish meal for -28 days, can substantially reduce the aquaculture cost of selenium-rich fish, guarantees that the intracorporal Se content of fish is stable, has
Effect and controllable enrichment.
In addition, applicant has found in the breeding process: feeding Tilapia mossambica using the technical program, Tilapia mossambica can be promoted
Growth, and the immunity of Tilapia mossambica is significantly improved, the quality of the Tilapia mossambica after ensure that listing significantly has unexpected
Technical effect.
(3) this cultural method is time saving, controllable, effective, at low cost, easily promotes, and facilitates implementation standardization, high-volume scale
Metaplasia produces.
Further, the step (1) needs to carry out pond dredging, shines the pool and rich water processing before launching fry.This skill
Art scheme carries out effectively management from the water quality to pond, provides good growing environment for Tilapia mossambica, further protects
The service life for having hindered Tilapia mossambica improves the economic benefit of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica.
Further, keep the fresh dissolved oxygen of pond water quality normal during step (1)-(3), water is changed in progress blowdown in every 1-3 weeks
Once, quantity of exchanged water is a quarter of total Water to half.The service life for further having ensured Tilapia mossambica improves selenium-rich sieve
The economic benefit of non-fish.
Further, the selenium-rich fish meal the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. pre-treatment: expanded pellet diet being sieved, after removing feed powder, is laid on film；Selenium substance will be contained to be dissolved in
In water, it is configured to the aqueous solution of substance containing selenium；
2. preparing: selenium substance aqueous solution will be contained and be equably sprayed on the expanded pellet diet that step (1) obtains, process is sprayed
In, to expanded pellet diet uniform stirring；
3. post-processing: carrying out being protected from light aeration-drying to the feed that step (2) obtains, obtain selenium-rich fish meal.
Quality good selenium-rich fish meal when the technical program easy, quick can produce.
Further, the substance containing selenium is yeast selenium.Yeast selenium belongs to organic selenium, and toxicity is smaller, and Tilapia mossambica is to ferment
The assimilation effect of female selenium is preferable.
Further, the substance containing selenium of every kilogram of expanded pellet diet sprinkling 2-10mg.Using the selenium-rich fish feedstuff feeding of the proportion
Tilapia mossambica, the Se accumulation amount of Tilapia mossambica, upgrowth situation and immunity are preferable.
Further, the substance containing selenium of every kilogram of expanded pellet diet sprinkling 3mg.Using the selenium-rich fish feedstuff feeding Rofe of the proportion
Fish, the Se accumulation amount of Tilapia mossambica, upgrowth situation and immunity are preferable.
Further, the step (3) feeds equipment by selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica and completes, and it includes outer that selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica, which feeds equipment,
Shell, the interior cabinet being equipped with for storing selenium-rich fish meal of shell；The first charging aperture and first arranged in face is provided on cabinet
Discharge port, the first discharge outlet is in being provided with the second discharge port on the bottom of cabinet, shell；The lower section of cabinet is discharge zone, discharging
Simultaneously level slidably connects and can close the first discharge port for sealing in area, and selenium-rich fish meal is released from the second discharge port
Discharging block；It further include the actuator that can drive discharging block level sliding.When needing to feed Tilapia mossambica (such as morning), first
Actuator is controlled, not re-closed first discharge port of block that discharges is made, (is thrown then to the first charging aperture investment selenium-rich fish meal of cabinet
Entering amount is practical feeding volume), it is arranged at this time due to first charging aperture and the first discharge port in face, so selenium-rich fish meal can be straight
It connects and is all fallen in discharge zone through the first discharge port.Actuator is controlled, the block that makes to discharge closes the first discharge port, in closed process,
Discharging block releases the selenium-rich fish meal in discharge zone from the second discharge port, completes to feed process for the first time.
Cultivation person continues to put into selenium-rich fish meal (input amount is practical feeding volume) again to the first charging aperture of cabinet, this
When the first discharge port closed due to discharging block, (can be with to feed next time so selenium-rich fish meal is just stored in cabinet
For afternoon or evening) when, cultivation person's direct controlling and driving part makes not re-closed first discharge port of block that discharges, raises selenium-rich fish
Material is all fallen in discharge zone through the first discharge port, then controls actuator, and the block that makes to discharge closes the first discharge port, and by selenium-rich
Fish meal is released from the second discharge port, just completes to feed process for the second time, easy to operate, saves manpower.
To sum up, the technical program is just to feed process for the second time all set to feeding volume when feeding process for the first time
Selenium-rich fish meal, simplify cultivation person feeds operation for the second time, very saving manpower.
Further, it is provided with cooling chamber in the side wall of the cabinet, the top on cooling chamber is provided with second charging aperture, cooling chamber
Bottom be provided with water outlet.Ice cube is launched into the second charging aperture of cooling chamber, it will be able to which low temperature storage is carried out to selenium-rich fish meal
It deposits, the eating effect of selenium-rich fish meal is effectively guaranteed.
Further, the actuator includes power cylinder, electromagnet and inhales iron, and power cylinder is set to the side of cabinet, power cylinder
Piston rod in arranging straight down, the vertical sectional shape of the discharging block is right-angled trapezium, and the piston rod of power cylinder can be with
The bevel edge of discharging block in a rectangular trapezoid offsets, and drives discharging block to moving horizontally immediately below cabinet；Electromagnet and suction
Iron arranges that electromagnet is set on shell in face, inhales iron and is embedded on the discharging block, the electromagnet after energization and suction iron phase pair
Side magnetic pole it is opposite.The piston rod of control power cylinder goes out journey, and the piston rod of power cylinder drives discharging block to seal the first discharge port
It closes；It is powered to electromagnet, electromagnet and suction iron phase are inhaled, and discharge not re-closed first discharge port of block.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section cross-sectional view that selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica feeds equipment in the embodiment of the present invention 6.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below by specific embodiment:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: shell 1, the second discharge port 11, cabinet 2, first charging aperture 21, first
Discharge port 22, cooling chamber 23, second charging aperture 231, water outlet 232, discharging block 31, power cylinder 41, electromagnet 42, inhale iron 43,
Discharge zone 5.
Embodiment 1
A kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica production cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) fry is launched: carrying out dredging to pond, shines the pool and rich water and handle, selects neat specification, physical strong, disease-free
The fry of no wound launches pond；
(2) early period feeds: when the weight of Tilapia mossambica reaches 400g or so, control pond water temperature is 20-24 DEG C, in Rofe
Selenium-rich fish meal is fed when 14-28 days before fish listing, the muscle Se content for controlling Tilapia mossambica is 0.3-0.5 ㎎/㎏.
When feeding, calculated first according to the day feeding volume of selenium-rich fish meal=(Tilapia mossambica average weight × mantissa) × 2.5%
Then one day feeding volume out is fed twice daily, morning 8:30 feeds the 40% of day feeding volume, and afternoon, 17:30 fed day throwing
Feed the 60% of amount.
It keeps the fresh dissolved oxygen of pond water quality normal using oxygen increasing pump oxygenation during step (1)-(3), carries out every two weeks
Blowdown changes that water is primary, and quantity of exchanged water is a quarter of total Water to half.
The wherein preparation method of selenium-rich fish meal, specifically includes the following steps:
1. pre-treatment: No. 4 expanded pellet diets of adult fish for originating in Guangdong Shuan Hu feed corporation,Ltd being crossed 10 meshes, remove feed
After powder, it is laid on film；By yeast selenium be dissolved in 10-30 DEG C, volume be 500-700ml water in, be configured to yeast selenium
Aqueous solution, wherein the yeast selenium containing 3mg in every kilogram of No. 4 expanded pellet diets；
2. preparing: yeast selenium aqueous solution being equably sprayed on No. 4 expanded pellet diets of adult fish that step (1) obtains, sprayed
In the process, to No. 4 rapid uniform stirrings of expanded pellet diet of adult fish；
3. post-processing: carrying out being protected from light aeration-drying to the feed that step (2) obtains, obtain selenium-rich fish meal.
4. saving: being saved to the feed that step (4) obtains in -20 DEG C of -10 DEG C of low temperature dryings.
Embodiment 2-5
The difference of embodiment 2-5 and embodiment 1 is only that shown in the following table 1, in every kilogram of expanded pellet diet of embodiment 2-5
Substance containing selenium (hereinafter referred to as selenium content), listing before Feeding time, selenium-rich fish meal feeding volume specific data it is as follows
Shown in table 1.
Table 1
The Rofe fish tissue Se content of record embodiment 1-5 reaches sieve when 0.5 ㎎/㎏ feeds number of days, feeds 14 days
The muscle Se content of non-fish, the muscle Se content of fish when feeding 28 days, growth weight when feeding 28 days, liver superoxides
Mutase (hereinafter referred to as liver SOD), liver catalase (hereinafter referred to as liver CAT), liver malonaldehyde (hereinafter referred to as liver
Dirty MDA), serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (hereinafter referred to as serum AST), serum glutamic pyruvic transminase (hereinafter referred to as Serum ALT) and serum
For superoxide dismutase (hereinafter referred to as SOD in serum) data in the following table 2, detailed data is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
Conclusion:
(1) the selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica of embodiment 1-5 cultivation can make the muscle Se content of fish reach 0.5 at 14 days or 15 days
㎎/㎏, the intracorporal Se content of fish stable, effective and controllable enrichment when guaranteeing to produce in enormous quantities.
(2) weight of the selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica of embodiment 1-5 cultivation, which has, rises appreciably.
(3) liver SOD, liver CAT, the liver MDA, serum AST, Serum ALT of the Tilapia mossambica of measurement embodiment 1-5 cultivation
Obtain with SOD in serum: this cultural method can significantly improve the immunity of fish, the quality of the Tilapia mossambica after guaranteeing listing.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, comparative example 1 is fed using No. 4 expanded pellet diets of adult fish to listing.Record Comparison example 1 was at 14 days
When the muscle Se content of fish, the data such as the muscle Se content of fish when feeding 28 days, detailed data is referring to the following table 3.
Table 3
Conclusion:
It can be obtained by embodiment 1 and the comparison of comparative example 1: using selenium-rich fish meal of the present embodiment 1 and preparation method thereof, be fed
The immunity that method can effectively improve Se content in Tilapia mossambica body, promote Tilapia mossambica further growth, significantly improve Tilapia mossambica；
Tilapia mossambica Se content at 14 days can reach 0.5034 ㎎/㎏.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are only that: step (3) feeds equipment by selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica and completes.
Selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica feeds equipment, including shell 1 as shown in Figure 1:, is equipped in shell 1 for storing selenium-rich fish meal
Cabinet 2, cabinet 2 and 1 integrally connected of shell, the top opening of shell 1 and the top of cabinet 2 are in same level.
The top of cabinet 2 is provided with first charging aperture 21, and the bottom of cabinet 2 is provided with the first discharge port 22, first charging aperture 21
Arrange that the lower part of shell 1 is provided with the second discharge port 11 in face with the first discharge port 22.
Cooling chamber 23 is provided in the side wall of cabinet 2, the top on cooling chamber 23 is provided with second charging aperture 231, cooling chamber 23
Bottom be provided with water outlet 232.
Originally feed equipment further include can by first charging aperture 21, second charging aperture 231 simultaneously closed lid (in figure not
Show), and can be by the closed rubber stopper (not shown) of water outlet 232.
The lower section of cabinet 2 is discharge zone 5, and the simultaneously level that seals on discharge zone 5 slidably connects can be by the first discharge port 22
Closing, and the discharging block 31 that selenium-rich fish meal is released from the second discharge port 11, the upper base surface of shell 1 is equipped with to be opened upwards
The bottom of the dovetail groove of mouth, discharging block 31 is equipped with the protrusion that can be slided in dovetail groove.
Originally feeding equipment further includes the actuator that can drive the horizontal sliding of discharging block 31.Actuator includes power cylinder 41
(power cylinder 41 is hydraulic cylinder or cylinder), electromagnet 42 and suction iron 43, power cylinder 41 are bolted to connection in shell 1
On, power cylinder 41 is in the left side of cabinet 2, and the piston rod of power cylinder 41 is in arrange straight down.The longitudinal section shape of discharging block 31
Shape is right-angled trapezium, and the piston rod of power cylinder 41 can offset with the bevel edge of discharging block 31, and drive discharging block 31 to cabinet 2
Underface move horizontally and (move right)；Electromagnet 42 and suction iron 43 arrange that electromagnet 42 is embedded in shell 1 in face
In side wall, inhales iron 43 and be embedded in discharging block 31, the side magnetic pole opposite with iron 43 is inhaled of the electromagnet 42 after energization is opposite.
When needing to feed Tilapia mossambica (such as morning 8:30), it is powered first to electromagnet 42, electromagnet 42 and suction 43 phase of iron
It inhales, discharging block 31 slides to the left, unclosed first discharge port 22, puts into selenium-rich fish feeding then to the first charging aperture 21 of cabinet 2
Material (input amount is the 40% of day feeding volume), is arranged due to first charging aperture 21 and the first discharge port 22 in face at this time, so
Selenium-rich fish meal can directly all be fallen in discharge zone 5 through the first discharge port 22.Electromagnet 42 is powered off, control power cylinder 41
Piston rod goes out journey, and the bevel edge of the piston rod of power cylinder 41 and the block 31 that discharges offsets, and discharging block 31 is driven to slide the to the right
The closing of one discharge port 22；In closed process, discharging block 31 releases the selenium-rich fish meal in discharge zone 5 from the second discharge port 11,
It completes to feed process for the first time.
Cultivation person continues to put into selenium-rich fish meal again to the first charging aperture 21 of cabinet 2, and (input amount is day feeding volume
60%), first discharge port 22 is closed due to discharging block 31 at this time, so selenium-rich fish meal is just stored in cabinet 2.Xiang Leng
But ice cube is launched in the second charging aperture 231 of chamber 23, low tempertaure storage is carried out to selenium-rich fish meal, guarantee the edible of selenium-rich fish meal
Effect.
When feeding (can be afternoon 17:30) next time, cultivation person is directly powered to electromagnet 42, electromagnet 42 and suction
Iron 43 is attracting, and discharging block 31 slides to the left, makes not re-closed first discharge port 22 of block 31 that discharges, goes out selenium-rich fish meal through first
Material mouth 22 is all fallen in discharge zone 5, is powered off to electromagnet 42, and the piston rod for controlling power cylinder 41 goes out journey, and the block that discharges is made
31 the first discharge ports 22 of closing, and selenium-rich fish meal is released from the second discharge port 11, it just completes to feed process for the second time, grasp
Make simple, saving manpower.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica produces cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fry is launched: selection neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry launch pond；
(2) early period feeds: feeding Tilapia mossambica using expanded pellet diet；
(3) later period feeds: control pond water temperature is 20-24 DEG C, feeds selenium-rich fish meal when 14-28 days before Tilapia mossambica listing,
The muscle Se content for controlling Tilapia mossambica is 0.3-0.5 ㎎/㎏, the day feeding volume of selenium-rich fish meal=(Tilapia mossambica average weight ×
Mantissa) × 2.5-3.5%.
2. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the step (1) is thrown
It needs to carry out pond dredging before putting fry, shine the pool and rich water processing.
3. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that step (1)-(3) mistake
Keep the fresh dissolved oxygen of pond water quality normal in journey, progresss blowdown in every 1-3 weeks changes that water is primary, quantity of exchanged water for total Water a quarter
To half.
4. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the selenium-rich fish meal
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. pre-treatment: expanded pellet diet being sieved, after removing feed powder, is laid on film；Selenium substance will be contained to be dissolved in water,
It is configured to the aqueous solution of substance containing selenium；
2. preparing: selenium substance aqueous solution will be contained and be equably sprayed on the expanded pellet diet that step (1) obtains, it is right during sprinkling
Expanded pellet diet uniform stirring；
3. post-processing: carrying out being protected from light aeration-drying to the feed that step (2) obtains, obtain selenium-rich fish meal.
5. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the substance containing selenium is
Yeast selenium.
6. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that every kilogram of expanded pellet diet
Spray the substance containing selenium of 2-10mg.
7. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that every kilogram of expanded pellet diet
Spray the substance containing selenium of 3mg.
8. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the step (3) is logical
It crosses selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica and feeds equipment completion, it includes shell that selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica, which feeds equipment, is equipped in shell for storing selenium-rich fish
The cabinet of feed；The first charging aperture and the first discharge port in face arrangement are provided on cabinet, the first discharge outlet is in cabinet
Bottom is provided with the second discharge port on shell；The lower section of cabinet is discharge zone, and the simultaneously level that seals on discharge zone slidably connects can
First discharge port is closed, and the discharging block that selenium-rich fish meal is released from the second discharge port；It further include that can drive discharging
The actuator of block level sliding.
9. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 8 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the side wall of the cabinet
It is inside provided with cooling chamber, the top on cooling chamber is provided with second charging aperture, and the bottom of cooling chamber is provided with water outlet.
10. a kind of selenium-rich Tilapia mossambica according to claim 9 produces cultural method, which is characterized in that the actuator packet
It includes power cylinder, electromagnet and inhales iron, power cylinder is set to the side of cabinet, and the piston rod of power cylinder is in arrange straight down, described
The vertical sectional shape of discharging block is right-angled trapezium, and the piston rod of power cylinder can be with the bevel edge phase of discharging block in a rectangular trapezoid
It supports, and drives discharging block to moving horizontally immediately below cabinet；Electromagnet and suction iron arrange that electromagnet is set to shell in face
On, it inhales iron and is embedded on the discharging block, the electromagnet after energization is opposite with the side magnetic pole of iron phase pair is inhaled.
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Cited By (1)
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