CN110300709A - 包装方法和运输包装，以及用于容纳包装的无人机 - Google Patents

包装方法和运输包装，以及用于容纳包装的无人机 Download PDF

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CN110300709A
CN110300709A CN201780071048.3A CN201780071048A CN110300709A CN 110300709 A CN110300709 A CN 110300709A CN 201780071048 A CN201780071048 A CN 201780071048A CN 110300709 A CN110300709 A CN 110300709A
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A·柯宁
J·瓦格纳
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Abstract

本发明涉及包装方法、运输包装以及用于通过无人机运输产品的包装方法的用途。根据本发明，待打包的产品放置在敞开的内包裹件中，该内包裹件预张紧在弹性牵引缆线上，以便将产品大致居中地保持在外包装中。在安装之后，将包裹件关闭并抽空直至其紧贴产品，从而进一步张紧牵引缆线。

Description

包装方法和运输包装，以及用于容纳包装的无人机
技术领域
本发明涉及例如由EP 2 504 241B1已知的包装方法和运输包装，以及用于适当地容纳包装的无人机。
背景技术
已知的运输包装例如由塑料或瓦楞纸板制成。为了保护在其中运输的产品免受冲击或潮湿，还包括填充材料或吸湿包，并随包装一起装运。这些保护材料在装运后处理掉，很少重复使用。尽管有这样的填充物，但包装并不总是完全有效。通常，在产品的所有侧面上并不总是提供足够的填充物，或者由于运输期间的振动而在产品的所有侧面上没有保留足够的填充物。吸湿材料仅具有一定的容量，并且例如在海上运输期间这种能力有时会耗尽。尽管用有毒材料包装，产品可能因此变湿，并且在到达时，现在有缺陷的产品可能被认为是不安全的。
已知的无人机具有至少一个基体、一个转子和任选的支撑腿。
发明概述
本发明的目的是改进包装，任选地提供新的包装，特别是还通过无人机进行运输。
该目的通过根据主要独立权利要求的包装方法和运输包装来实现。另外，利用根据本发明的教导的包装原理的无人机实现了在无人机中容纳包装的目的。
在从属权利要求、说明书和/或附图中公开了有利的实施方案。
在根据本发明的包装方法中，首先将待包装的产品放置在包装的敞开的内包裹件中，在此期间或之后，内包裹件通过从外部拉动而预张紧在弹性牵引缆线上，或者可悬挂在外部，例如，使用弹性牵引缆线悬挂在外部张紧点上。因此，产品大致居中地保持在外包装或外框架中。在插入产品后，封闭内包裹件并主要抽空，直到内包裹件紧贴产品。抽空导致牵引缆线的额外拉伸。因此，至少主要的抽空进一步拉伸牵引缆线，并且使产品更加可靠地定位在包装的大致中心位置。
不需要为此目的使用缓冲材料。此外，不需要为了保持产品干燥而是使用有毒性且与产品一起包含的吸湿性材料。为了保证产品的连续密封运输，在到达时仍必须存在负压，这是主要抽空的目的。
在包装方法的一个有利实施方案中，牵引缆线不是以塑料或瓦楞纸板包装制成的折叠盒的方式悬挂，例如在传统的包装中那样，而是悬挂在无人机的支撑腿中。这种类型的无人机包装没有外壁，但可能在支撑腿之间具有拉伸的织物。因此无人机的支撑腿是包装的外部。特别优选的是，在抽空之后，支撑腿可以进一步展开以优化保护区域中的定心，特别是取决于产品的尺寸和形状，或者还可以改善无人机仅在飞行期间的空气动力学。
另一种有利的运输包装，具有外容器和可抽空的内包裹件，在外容器与内包裹件之间具有张紧的缆线，至少一根张紧的缆线具有可逆可拉伸的设计。
另一种有利的运输包装具有优选可拆卸的真空泵，该真空泵连接到内包裹件。在另一个有利的实施方案中，真空附件通过外容器从内包裹件连接到外部，并且可从外部封闭。
对于产品运输，根据本发明的无人机具有至少一个基体、至少一个转子和至少两个支撑腿，无人机在基体下方具有可以水密和气密方式闭合的包裹件，特别是在至少两个支撑腿之间张紧的包裹件，但优选地在基体与四个支撑腿之间张紧的包裹件。待运输的产品可放置在该包裹件中，该包裹件在抽空操作后紧密地贴靠在产品上。在抽空期间，由于抽吸，包裹件的尺寸从松弛状态收缩到较小尺寸，使得悬浮物伸展并且因此通过张紧将产品牢固地保持在无人机下方。即使在掉落的情况下，当根据一个特别优选的实施方案，拉伸的织物在支撑脚之间的底部张紧时，也可以以这种方式很好地保护产品。
因此，通过使用根据本发明的包装方法或根据本发明的运输包装，本发明通过无人机运输产品实现了许多优点。
附图说明
下面参考附图基于示例性实施方案描述本发明，附图示出以下内容：
图1示出了根据第一示例性实施方案的根据本发明的可折叠的运输包装，
图2示出了根据第二示例性实施方案的根据本发明的具有刚性基体的运输包装，
图3示出了根据第三示例性实施方案的在用产品填充内壳之后的根据本发明的运输包装，
图4显示了图3中的运输包装，内壳围绕产品抽空，并且
图5示出了具有根据本发明的集成包装的无人机。
发明详述
图1至图4示出了根据本发明的运输包装的三个示例性实施方案。图5示出了根据一个有利的示例性实施方案的根据本发明的无人机。
图1示出了作为外包装或外容器1的折叠纸盒的外侧，在至少两个侧壁中具有水平铰接接头，在每种情况下作为两个侧壁半部之间的铰链2，以允许折叠纸盒折叠或以手风琴的方式设置。图1显示了装配的折叠纸盒，其中多个牵引缆线6从角落和一些侧壁朝向中心。在中心处，内包裹件4保持抵靠牵引缆线6，并且牵引缆线6将包裹件4拉开。因此保持包裹件以便使用产品，待运输的产品8，其在图3和4中示出为心脏。
在另一个方法步骤中，张紧的内包裹件4被封闭并抽空。在该过程中，由于其收缩而使包裹件4越来越多地牵拉牵引缆线6。牵引缆线6因此进一步张紧超过基础张力。由于抽真空而在包裹件4中密封的产品被保护免受潮湿并且通过牵引缆线6大致居中地保持在折叠纸盒中，使得对折叠纸盒的外壁的冲击不应该影响产品。但是，如果冲击严重到产品损坏的程度，折叠纸盒的损坏将清晰可见。
具有快速拉动封闭件的真空袋特别优选地作为牵引缆线6安装在橡胶缆线上。随后引入待装运的产品8。用手动泵5施加真空，手动泵5可在运输过程中保留在纸盒中。牵引缆线6逐渐张紧，直到产品8在可重复使用的运输包装中居中(图4)。为了防止不充分的抽空，根据一个优选实施方案，间隔件，优选地防止内部吸入阀例如由于包裹件4的重叠或由于与产品8接触而闭合的筛网7，位于吸入阀的内侧。
因此，可以更快地进行待保护的产品8的包装。整个运输包装可以以节省空间的方式储存。不需要庞大或有毒的保护材料，如硅胶。可靠地保护产品免受真空袋、内包裹件4中的水分的影响。在打开包装时，从包装中可以看出是否没有保持用于足够负压的真空。无需使用昂贵的模制包装即可实现各种类型产品的单独容纳。
在根据本发明的运输包装的一个优选实施方案中，内部包裹件4中存在的真空通过压力传感器监测，压力传感器未详细示出，类似于已知的车辆轮胎压力监测系统。以这种方式，可在具有多个服务提供商的运输链上独立监控真空以及因此监控完整性。
图5示出了具有分开的基体18、多个转子14和至少四个支撑腿12的无人机10。根据本发明，在该示例性实施方案中，使用相同的附图标记但是提供了撇号，包裹件4可以在水密和气密方式下闭合的，在基体18下面的张力下容纳，用牵引缆索6′朝向支撑腿12和基体18张紧。产品8′放置在包裹件4′中，包裹件4′围绕产品收缩，从而进一步张紧牵引缆线6′。示出的示例性实施方案还示出了无人机10具有铰接接头19，例如在支撑腿12与转子臂16之间，以能够进一步展开支撑腿12，使得整个无人机结构可以优选地在飞行期间变平。
附图标记列表：
1 外容器，特别是折叠纸盒
2 铰链
4,4′ 内包裹件，特别是真空袋
5 手动泵
6,6′ 牵引缆线，特别是由橡胶制成
7 筛网
8,8′ 产品
10 无人机
12 支撑腿
14 转子
16 转子臂
18 基体
19 铰接接头

Claims (6)

1.包装方法，
其特征在于，待包装的产品(8,8′)放置在包装的敞开的内包裹件(4,4′)中，所述包裹件(4,4′)预张紧在弹性牵引缆线(6,6′)上或者能够使用弹性牵引缆线(6,6′)悬挂在外部，以便将产品(8,8′)大致居中地保持在外包装或外框架中，并且在产品(8,8′)插入后，所述包裹件被闭合(4,4′)并且主要被抽空，直到所述内包裹件(4,4′)紧贴所述产品(8,8′)，所述抽空导致所述牵引缆线(6,6′)额外的伸展，并且至少主要的抽空因此进一步张紧所述牵引缆线(6,6′)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包装方法，
其特征在于，所述牵引缆线(6,6′)外部悬挂在无人机的支撑腿(12)中，所述支撑腿是包装的外部，其中在抽空之后，所述支撑腿(12)特别优选地进一步根据产品的尺寸和形状而展开，从而在飞行过程中改善无人机的空气动力学性能。
3.运输包装，具有外容器(1)和可抽空的内包裹件(4)，其中至少两根缆线(6)在所述外容器(1)与所述内包裹件(4)之间张紧，其中至少一根缆线具有可逆伸展设计。
4.根据权利要求3所述的运输包装，
其特征在于，真空泵(5)附接在所述内包裹件(4)上，或者真空附件从所述内包裹件(4)通过所述外容器(1)引到外部，并且能从外部闭合。
5.用于产品运输的无人机(10)，具有基体(18)、至少一个转子(14)和至少两个支撑腿(12)，
其特征在于，以水密和气密方式能闭合的包裹件(4′)紧紧地容纳在所述基体(18)下方，产品(8′)能插入包裹件(4′)，并且包裹件(4′)在抽空操作后紧紧贴着产品。
6.根据权利要求1的包装方法或用于借助于无人机，特别是根据权利要求5的无人机进行产品运输的具有权利要求3的特征的运输包装的用途。
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