CN110297104A - A kind of river represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of river represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110297104A CN110297104A CN201910480254.0A CN201910480254A CN110297104A CN 110297104 A CN110297104 A CN 110297104A CN 201910480254 A CN201910480254 A CN 201910480254A CN 110297104 A CN110297104 A CN 110297104A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P11/00—Measuring average value of speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/001—Full-field flow measurement, e.g. determining flow velocity and direction in a whole region at the same time, flow visualisation
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rivers to represent vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, which includes the following steps: that 1) arrangement represents vertical line pressure sensor；2) observed pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow；3) mean velocity in vertical is calculated.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following the utility model has the advantages that 1) this method is not influenced by the water flow and variation of channel erosion and deposition in river, and capable of making to test the speed, vertical line positioning is more acurrate, stablizes, and raising, which is tested the speed, represents the precision of vertical line；2) this method can effectively reduce the flow velocity measurement blind area of river bed and the water surface, and flow velocity measurement problem of dtmf distortion DTMF, improves the precision of river discharge measurement caused by avoiding because of substance in water and water flow movement friction speed.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of river discharge real-time online measuring method, specifically a kind of river represents vertical velocity point
Cloth real-time online measuring method, belongs to hydrologic survey applied technical field.
Background technique
In the prior art, it is however generally that, river discharge real-time online measuring using the method that represents line, point, represent line,
The selection of point is usually determined by the representative line of regular flow monitoring, point flow velocity and mean velocity in section through correlation analysis.
Represent the main method that collimation method is current flux real-time online measuring.Representing collimation method includes ultrasonic time difference, H-
ADCP, seat bottom ADCP and buoy ADCP method.Wherein, ultrasonic time difference method, H-ADCP are using level representation line, because river is wide
Shallow different and complex-shaped, may cause cannot cover tunneling boring, it is difficult to find and preferably represent line；In addition, seat bottom ADCP, floating
What mark ADCP was used vertically represents line, though can be compared with the velocity flow profile of actual response vertical line, pedestal ADCP is by river load erosion and deposition
The influence of variation, maintenance are more difficult；Buoy ADCP maintenance is simple, but the more difficult fixation of vertical line, representativeness are difficult to keep.Together
When, ultrasonic time difference, H-ADCP, seat bottom ADCP, buoy ADCP etc. belong to acoustic method, measurement be substance in water movement velocity,
Due to substance especially river bed substance and water velocity in water and asynchronous, therefore uses ADCP to carry out real-time online flow measurement and be possible to
Cause partial dot according to distortion.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of rivers to represent vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring side
Method can cover each point for representing vertical line comprehensively, reduce the water surface and bottom measurement blind area, and do not influenced by the river motion of matter, from
And ensuring to represent vertical velocity measurement accuracy, this method is to improve one of the approach of river discharge on-line monitoring precision.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of river represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is somebody's turn to do
Line measurement method includes the following steps:
1) arrangement represents vertical line pressure sensor；
2) observed pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow；
3) mean velocity in vertical is calculated.
Preferably, in the step 1), according to the hydrological observation platform established at vertical line is represented, it is being parallel to water flow streamline
One surveys, and arranges multiple pressure sensors at a certain distance to river bed from peak level, and ensure pressure sensor fixation.
Preferably, it in the step 2), according to the principle of hydrodynamics Bernoulli equation, is observed by each pressure sensor dynamic
Water water level Zi, Z is observed in conjunction with still water level at vertical line0, calculate the sound water water-head △ H of each pressure sensori=Z0-Zi,
By the sound water water-head calculation pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow of each pressure sensor
In formula: ZiThe dynamic water water level of each pressure sensor observation, Z0For the vertical line still water level of measurement, g is gravity acceleration
Degree.
Preferably, the surface flow rate of water flow V in the step 3), according to the observation of each pressure sensoriThe vertical line stream of composition
Speed distribution, by formulaCalculate mean velocity in vertical；
In formula:For mean velocity in vertical；H is depth of water when measuring at vertical line, that is, still water level and bed level of the river when measuring
Difference；△hiFor the clipping room of i-th of sensor and (i-1)-th sensor away from.
Preferably, the river is natural river, channel, lake or any water body of reservoir.
Preferably, the vertical line that represents refers to the vertical line that tests the speed relevant to Measure section mean flow rate.
Preferably, the pressure sensor includes but is not limited to piezoresistive transducer and bubble type sensor, wherein pressure drag
Formula sensor surface is water inlet hole surface, and bubble type sensor surface is gas chamber and water body interface.
Preferably, the hydrological observation platform refers to the vertical rod-type building for being carved with water gauge scale.
Preferably, the still water level observation refers to that satisfaction is national " Standard for observation of water level ", and the water level through calibration verifying is seen
Survey method, including but not limited to water gauge or electric water gauge, float type level meter, the observation of indicator water gage method.
Preferably, the pressure sensor observes dynamic water water level, refers to by the pressure P of each pressure sensor testingi, byThe depth of water at calculation pressure sensor, along with pressure sensor Installation Elevation obtains Zi=Zi0+hi；
In formula: ρ is the density of river water, hiIt sounds the depth of the water for i-th of pressure sensor, Zi0For i-th of pressure sensor
Installation Elevation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1) this method is not influenced by the water flow and variation of channel erosion and deposition in river, and capable of making to test the speed, vertical line positioning is more acurrate, stablizes,
Raising, which is tested the speed, represents the precision of vertical line；
2) this method can effectively reduce the flow velocity measurement blind area of river bed and the water surface, avoid because of substance in water and water flow movement not
Problem of dtmf distortion DTMF is measured with flow velocity caused by speed, improves the precision of river discharge measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring Method And Principle is represented the present invention is based on the river of pressure sensor
Figure；
Fig. 2 is pressure sensor arrangement schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of river represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method as shown in Figure 1:, which includes
Following steps:
1) arrangement represents vertical line pressure sensor.According to the hydrological observation platform established at vertical line is represented, it is being parallel to water
It flows streamline one to survey, arranges multiple pressure sensors at a certain distance to river bed from peak level, and ensure that pressure sensor is fixed
Securely.
2) observed pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow.According to the principle of hydrodynamics Bernoulli equation, passed by each pressure
Sensor observes dynamic water water level Zi, Z is observed in conjunction with still water level at vertical line0, calculate the sound water water-head △ of each pressure sensor
Hi=Z0-Zi, by the sound water water-head calculation pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow of each pressure sensor
In formula: ZiThe dynamic water water level of each pressure sensor observation, Z0For the vertical line still water level of measurement, g is gravity acceleration
Degree.
3) mean velocity in vertical is calculated.Surface flow rate of water flow V according to the observation of each pressure sensoriThe vertical velocity of composition
Distribution, by formulaCalculate mean velocity in vertical；
In formula:For mean velocity in vertical；H is depth of water when measuring at vertical line, that is, still water level and bed level of the river when measuring
Difference；△hiFor the clipping room of i-th of sensor and (i-1)-th sensor away from.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the river includes that natural river, channel, lake, reservoir etc. are each
Class water body.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the vertical line that represents refers to survey relevant to Measure section mean flow rate
Fast vertical line can be obtained by regular flow Measurement results through correlation analysis.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the pressure sensor include but is not limited to piezoresistive transducer,
The forms such as bubble type sensor.Piezoresistive transducer surface is water inlet hole surface, and bubble type sensor surface is gas chamber and water body
Interface.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the hydrological observation platform refers to the vertical rod-type for being carved with water gauge scale
Building, the including but not limited to forms such as Gang Zhu concrete, steel construction, timber structure.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2, as a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the sensor arrangement be can be used pressure
Sensor is fixed on hydrological observation platform by uniform or heterogeneous fashion.Pressure sensor installation direction must be parallel to water
Stream, including but not limited to towards river bed, towards the water surface, towards riverbank etc..
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the still water level observation refers to national " the water-level observation mark of satisfaction
It is quasi- ", and the water-level observation method verified through calibration, including but not limited to water gauge or electric water gauge, float type level meter, radar water
The observation of the methods of position meter.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the pressure sensor observes dynamic water water level, refers to and is passed by each pressure
The pressure P of sensor testingi, byThe depth of water at calculation pressure sensor, along with pressure sensor Installation Elevation obtains Zi
=Zi0+hi.In formula: ρ is the density of river water, hiIt sounds the depth of the water for i-th of pressure sensor, Zi0For i-th of pressure sensor
Installation Elevation.
As a kind of technical optimization scheme of the invention, the density of the river water, water body density when referring to measurement, by river
The influence of silt, water quality.
Embodiment
(1) vertical line transducer arrangement is represented
It is surveyed in hydrological observation platform parallel in water flow streamline one, arranges multiple pressures at a certain distance to river bed from peak level
Force snesor, pressure sensor can be arranged by uniform or heterogeneous fashion, and ensure pressure sensor fixation, refering to fig. 1.
Pressure sensor installation direction must be parallel to water flow, including but not limited to towards river bed, towards the water surface, towards riverbank etc., refering to
Fig. 2.
Hydrological observation platform refers to the vertical rod-type building for being carved with water gauge scale, and steel Zhu concrete, steel construction, wood can be used
The forms such as structure are built.
(2) sensor surface flow rate of water flow observation calculates
Water water level is moved for each pressure sensor, by the pressure P of each pressure sensor testingi, byCalculate pressure
The depth of water at sensor, along with pressure sensor Installation Elevation obtains Zi=Zi0+hi.In formula: ρ is the density of river water, hiIt is
I pressure sensor sounds the depth of the water, Zi0For i-th of pressure sensor Installation Elevation.
For still water level at vertical line, using the water-level observation method of " Standard for observation of water level " defined, including but it is unlimited
It is verified in the methods of water gauge or electric water gauge, float type level meter, indicator water gage, and through calibration.
Dynamic water water level Z is observed by each pressure sensori, Z is observed in conjunction with still water level at vertical line0, calculate each pressure sensing
The sound water water-head △ H of devicei=Z0-Zi, by the sound water water-head calculation pressure sensor surface water flow of each pressure sensor
Flow velocityIn formula: ZiThe dynamic water water level of each pressure sensor observation, Z0For the vertical line still water level of measurement, g is
Acceleration of gravity.
(3) mean velocity in vertical calculates
Surface velocity V according to the observation of each pressure sensoriThe vertical velocity profile of composition, by formulaCalculate mean velocity in vertical.In formula:For mean velocity in vertical；H is water when measuring at vertical line
It is deep, that is, the difference of still water level and bed level of the river when measuring；△hiFor the clipping room of i-th of sensor and (i-1)-th sensor away from.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of river represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, which is characterized in that the On-line Measuring Method includes
Following steps:
1) arrangement represents vertical line pressure sensor；
2) observed pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow；
3) mean velocity in vertical is calculated.
2. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
In the step 1), according to the hydrological observation platform established at vertical line is represented, surveyed being parallel to water flow streamline one, from peak level
It arranges multiple pressure sensors at a certain distance to river bed, and ensures pressure sensor fixation.
3. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
In the step 2), according to the principle of hydrodynamics Bernoulli equation, dynamic water water level Z is observed by each pressure sensori, in conjunction with vertical
Still water level observes Z at line0, calculate the sound water water-head △ H of each pressure sensori=Z0-Zi, by each pressure sensor
Sound water water-head calculation pressure sensor surface flow rate of water flow
In formula: ZiFor the dynamic water water level of each pressure sensor observation, Z0For the vertical line still water level of measurement, g is acceleration of gravity.
4. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
Surface flow rate of water flow V in the step 3), according to the observation of each pressure sensoriThe vertical velocity profile of composition, by formulaCalculate mean velocity in vertical；
In formula:For mean velocity in vertical；H is depth of water when measuring at vertical line, that is, the difference of still water level and bed level of the river when measuring；
△hiFor the clipping room of i-th of sensor and (i-1)-th sensor away from.
5. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
The river is natural river, channel, lake or any water body of reservoir.
6. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
The vertical line that represents refers to the vertical line that tests the speed relevant to Measure section mean flow rate.
7. a kind of river according to claim 1 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
The pressure sensor includes but is not limited to piezoresistive transducer and bubble type sensor, wherein piezoresistive transducer surface is
Water inlet hole surface, bubble type sensor surface are gas chamber and water body interface.
8. a kind of river according to claim 2 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
The hydrological observation platform refers to the vertical rod-type building for being carved with water gauge scale.
9. a kind of river according to claim 3 represents vertical velocity profile real-time online measuring method, it is characterised in that:
The still water level observation refers to that satisfaction is national " Standard for observation of water level ", and the water-level observation method verified through calibration, including but not
It is limited to water gauge or electric water gauge, float type level meter, the observation of indicator water gage method.
10. a kind of river according to claim 3 represents vertical velocity flow profile real-time online measuring method, feature exists
In: the pressure sensor observes dynamic water water level, refers to by the pressure P of each pressure sensor testingi, byCalculate pressure
The depth of water at sensor, along with pressure sensor Installation Elevation obtains Zi=Zi0+hi；
In formula: ρ is the density of river water, hiIt sounds the depth of the water for i-th of pressure sensor, Zi0It is installed for i-th of pressure sensor
Elevation.
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| CN111289768A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-16 | 南京管科智能科技有限公司 | Flexible electronic water gauge and method for measuring flow velocity by using same |
| CN112305261A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-02-02 | 南京睿和致胜信息技术咨询有限公司 | Method for measuring average flow velocity of vertical line |
| CN112415219A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-26 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | Positioning and correcting method for fixed speed measurement vertical line for river non-contact side-scan flow velocity measurement |
| WO2021190749A1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Xfarm Sa | Sensor device for measuring height of water in a rice field, a lake, a river or the like |
| CN114169155A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-11 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Method for determining representative line by means of flow rate of section |
| CN114814282A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉大学 | Velocity of flow perpendicular distribution measuring device |
| CN116148496A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-23 | 武汉新烽光电股份有限公司 | River vertical line flow velocity processing method |
| CN116628411A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-08-22 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | High-precision flow online monitoring intelligent algorithm based on full-inductance fusion |
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| WO2021190749A1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Xfarm Sa | Sensor device for measuring height of water in a rice field, a lake, a river or the like |
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| CN112305261A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-02-02 | 南京睿和致胜信息技术咨询有限公司 | Method for measuring average flow velocity of vertical line |
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