CN110278762A - A kind of beans combined harvester based on distribution threshing - Google Patents

A kind of beans combined harvester based on distribution threshing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110278762A
CN110278762A CN201910649475.6A CN201910649475A CN110278762A CN 110278762 A CN110278762 A CN 110278762A CN 201910649475 A CN201910649475 A CN 201910649475A CN 110278762 A CN110278762 A CN 110278762A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
threshing
vibration pressure
vibration
pressure zone
cylinder
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Application number
CN201910649475.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110278762B (en
Inventor
金诚谦
倪有亮
陈满
袁文胜
蔡泽宇
徐金山
李景景
印祥
张光跃
钱震杰
刘政
冯玉岗
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong Yafeng Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Shandong University of Technology
Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Original Assignee
Shandong Yafeng Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Shandong University of Technology
Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Application filed by Shandong Yafeng Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd, Shandong University of Technology, Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture filed Critical Shandong Yafeng Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910649475.6A priority Critical patent/CN110278762B/en
Publication of CN110278762A publication Critical patent/CN110278762A/en
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/02Self-propelled combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/18Threshing devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44Grain cleaners; Grain separators
    • A01F12/446Sieving means

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of beans combined harvesters based on distribution threshing, belong to agricultural machinery technological field.It is threshing apparatus that the walking chassis front end of the machine, which is ceding of Taiwan top, is connected between the ceding of Taiwan and threshing apparatus by conveying mechanism;Conveying mechanism is conveyed vibration pressure zone by plant and is formed in seed conveyer belt, equipped with vibration pressure type threshing cylinder;Plant conveying vibration pressure zone is made of drive roller shaft and vibration pressure zone, and vibration pressure zone is made of hollow out adhesive tape and flexible vibration pressing plate;Seed conveyer belt is made of the rubber strip being looped around in the driven roller of both ends and the baffle being distributed on rubber strip length direction;Vibration pressure type threshing cylinder contains rotating cylinder, the connection tooth row that the outer circle of rotating cylinder circumferentially uniformly radially extends, and the exclusive end of tooth connection is connected tangential threshing board;Threshing board and it is neighbouring when vibration pressing plate form threshing interval.The present invention properly settled existing combined harvester be difficult to take into account maturity difference seed it is lossless, efficiently purify problem.

Description

A kind of beans combined harvester based on distribution threshing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cropper more particularly to a kind of beans combined harvesters based on distribution threshing, belong to agriculture Industry field of mechanical technique.
Background technique
There are larger differences for beans tree characteristics, beanpod distribution and rice, wheat, directly adopt on combined harvester With traditional disposable threshing of axial flow type threshig device, for the job requirements for meeting short time short threshing, roller generallys use height Load, high revolving speed hit greatly beans seed, be easy to cause loss.
In addition, existing combined harvester (referring to entitled " small-sized soybean combined harvester " application No. is 201510505965.0 and " adaptively a kind of cleans crop harvester ", application No. is 201910162868.4 China specially Sharp document) front end the ceding of Taiwan after completing harvesting, by passing a bridge, the crop gathered in is transported to independent threshing and sets by conveying It is standby to complete threshing.The characteristics of frying the low difficult threshing of pod, maturity in face of the ripe Du Gaoyi of beans strain, due to can only be by adjusting threshing cylinder Revolving speed and cylinder-concave clearance change Threshing, as a result for a long time always the problem is that: can although revolving speed is high, gap is small To improve threshing performance, be easy to cause the damage to the higher seed of maturity, although and reduce revolving speed, tune up gap can be effective It avoids damage to, but the lower seed of maturity is difficult to separate with stalk, influences Threshing.In this way, how to take into account maturity not Threshing demand with seed becomes a pair of insoluble contradiction.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the problems of the existing technology, the rational modification being arranged by mechanism proposes one Kind can take into account the beans combined harvester based on distribution threshing of maturity difference seed threshing demand, thus both to guarantee to join It closes the threshing performance of cropper, avoid seed from damaging again.
In order to achieve the above object, basic technical scheme of the invention is: a kind of beans joint receipts based on distribution threshing Machine is obtained, the ceding of Taiwan including being located at walking chassis front end and the threshing apparatus in walking chassis, the threshing apparatus is by axis Flow main threshing cylinder and the concave grate under the axis stream main threshing cylinder and the vibration screen banks under the concave grate At;It is connected between the ceding of Taiwan and threshing apparatus by being supported in the conveying mechanism of gap bridge support;
By forming in upper plant conveying vibration pressure zone and the seed conveyer belt under, the conveying mechanism is equipped with the conveying mechanism At least one vibration pressure type threshing cylinder constitutes conveying vibration pressure sheller unit of passing a bridge;
The plant conveying vibration pressure zone is made of the vibration pressure zone for being looped around both ends drive roller shaft, and the vibration pressure zone is by being distributed with leak hole Hollow out adhesive tape and the flexible vibration pressing plate on the length of tape direction is constituted uniformly at intervals;
The seed conveyer belt is by the rubber strip that is looped around in the driven roller of both ends and is distributed in the rubber strip length side Upward baffle is constituted;
The vibration pressure type threshing cylinder contains rotating cylinder, the tooth connection that the outer circle of the rotating cylinder circumferentially uniformly radially extends Row, the exclusive end of tooth connection are connected tangential threshing board;The threshing board and it is neighbouring when vibration pressing plate form threshing interval;
It is described pass a bridge conveying vibration pressure sheller unit plant conveying vibration pressure zone and seed conveyer belt output end respectively with concave grate It is connected with the input terminal of vibrating screen.
When the legume crop plant gathered in is by gap bridge conveyer of the combine harvester header feeding with vibration pressure-off grain After structure, by conveying vibration pressure zone transmission process in, when positioned at threshing interval by threshing board and threshing cylinder vibration pressing plate vibration, squeeze Press-fit effect, the higher seed of maturity fall in flakes, and drop down on seed conveyer belt from the leak hole of vibration pressure zone, and in baffle Screening plant is sent under effect, the plant not purified and stalk then continue on to the threshing apparatus threshing of combined harvester.
The present invention further improves, the rotary translocation time of the adjacent threshing board of at least one vibration pressure type threshing cylinder Equal to the translation transposition time that the plant conveys adjacent vibration pressing plate on vibration pressure zone.In this way control vibration pressure type threshing cylinder revolving speed with Plant conveying vibration pressure zone feed rate relationship, it is ensured that threshing board and vibration pressing plate adjacent to when one-to-one relationship, thus So that it is persistently given full play to cooperation squeezing action, the higher seed of maturity is taken off.
It can be seen that original only device rational modification with conveying function is conveyed vibration pressure-off grain dress at passing a bridge by the present invention It sets, in gap bridge transmission process, in advance takes off the higher seed of maturity, then further threshing is completed by threshing apparatus, To which the ingenious conveying that will pass a bridge is organically combined with pre- threshing, existing combined harvester is properly settled and has been difficult to take into account maturity difference Seed it is lossless, efficiently purify problem.
Since vibration pressing plate uses flexible material, and threshing interval is greater than cylinder-concave clearance, therefore can effectively reduce percentage of damage, To create good condition for the final high threshing ratio of guarantee combined harvester, low damage rate.At the same time, vibration pressure type is de- Tooth connection and row's threshing board on grain roller also have ideal pushing conveying effect, can strengthen the defeated of plant conveying vibration pressure zone Send effect, help avoid harvesting amount it is big when, plant enters the congestion of threshing apparatus, further ensures threshing quality.
The present invention further improves, and is spaced apart above the seed conveyer belt of the conveying mechanism equipped with two Shake pressure type threshing cylinder;It is connected in the shaft and sprocket wheel and driving wheel of rear threshing roller, and the rotation of its adjacent threshing board is easy The position time is equal to the translation transposition time of adjacent vibration pressing plate on plant conveying vibration pressure zone;It is described rear threshing roller with preceding The transmission ratio of threshing cylinder is greater than 1.
The present invention also further improve is that the threshing board is longer than reverse rotational direction towards the length that direction of rotation is stretched out and stretches Length out.
The present invention further perfect is that the leak hole is in the strip extended along length of tape direction, is existed uniformly at intervals On belt width direction.
The present invention further improves, and the baffle constitutes L-shaped.
The present invention still further improves, and the axis stream main threshing cylinder, which is divided into, screws in section and again de- section, the screw-in Section is made of the tapered screw-in head for being wound with helical blade, and the multiple de- section is by being coiled in outside circumferential uniformly distributed axially extending support rod Spiral fixed link and be spaced apart in spiral fixed link radial spike-tooth composition.
In short, " multiple step format threshing " reasonable vibration pressure-off grain and threshing apparatus using in conveying of passing a bridge that the present invention innovates Front and back substep threshing, first transmission process is high to maturity in passing, easily fried pod beans strain part low speed flexible threshing, and by maturity The beans strain of lower, difficult threshing is delivered to the impact threshing of axial-flow type roller, breaks to properly settle legume crop and harvest for a long time Broken serious problem is particularly well suited to the beans harvest of hilly and mountainous land.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the gap bridge conveying vibration pressure sheller unit schematic perspective view in Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of the Fig. 2 without gap bridge support state.
Fig. 5 is the plant conveying vibration pressure zone schematic perspective view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the seed conveyer belt schematic perspective view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of the vibration pressure type threshing cylinder in Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is the axis stream main threshing cylinder structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1 embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
The front end of the present embodiment beans combined harvester such as Fig. 1 based on distribution threshing, crawler-type traveling chassis A3 are equipped with the ceding of Taiwan A1, top is equipped with the concave grate A7 by axis stream main threshing cylinder A6 and under main threshing cylinder A6 and is located under concave grate A7 Vibrating screen A8 composition threshing apparatus.It is held in the mouth between ceding of Taiwan A1 and threshing apparatus by being supported in the conveying mechanism A2 of gap bridge support It connects.These are essentially identical with the prior art, are not unfolded to describe.
As shown in Fig. 2, conveying mechanism A2 by be located in frame-type gap bridge support 1 upper plant conveying vibration pressure zone 2 and Under seed conveyer belt 4 form, two vibration pressure type threshing rolls being spaced apart are housed above the seed conveyer belt 4 of conveying mechanism A2 Cylinder 3, to constitute gap bridge conveying vibration pressure sheller unit.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, in the shaft of rear threshing roller and sprocket wheel 5 and The driving wheel 7 that conveyer belt driving motor 8 drives is connected, and passes through the chain on chain 6 and preceding vibration 3 shaft of pressure type threshing cylinder Wheel transmission connection.
As shown in figure 5, plant conveying vibration pressure zone 2 is made of the vibration pressure zone 2-2 for being looped around both ends drive roller shaft 2-1, vibration pressure It is pressed with 2-2 by the hollow out adhesive tape 2-2-2 and the rubber material flexibility vibration on length of tape direction uniformly at intervals that leak hole is distributed with Plate 2-2-1 is constituted.Leak hole is in the strip that extends along length of tape direction, in this way can be with uniformly at intervals on belt width direction Drop down onto seed sufficiently on seed conveyer belt by sieve.
As shown in fig. 6, seed conveyer belt 4 is by the rubber strip 4-2 that is looped around on the driven roller 4-1 of both ends and is distributed in L shape baffle 4-3 on rubber strip 4-2 length direction is constituted.
As seen from Figure 1, the output end of plant conveying vibration pressure zone 2 passes through the input of the connecting plate and concave grate A7 that have a down dip End linking.The output end of seed conveyer belt 4 is connected the defeated of conveyer belt A4 and vibrating screen A8 by the seed that driving motor A5 drives Enter end linking.
As shown in fig. 7, vibration pressure type threshing cylinder 3 contains hollow rotating cylinder 3-2, the both ends of rotating cylinder 3-2 pass through End plate 3-4 and shaft 3-5 is supported in gap bridge support 1, and is driven and rotate by motor.The outer circle of rotating cylinder 3-2 is circumferentially uniformly distributed Four groups of connection tooth row 3-3, every group of connection tooth row 3-3 radially extended by five axially uniformly distributed tooth post form, connect tooth row 3-3 The rubber threshing board 3-1 that outer end is connected tangential.Threshing board 3-1 is longer than reverse rotational direction stretching towards the length that direction of rotation is stretched out Length, in this way can first with it is larger, again with it is smaller it is flexible squeeze crop, Threshing is more preferable.
The rotary translocation time etc. of the adjacent threshing board 3-1 of the vibration pressure type threshing cylinder of the present embodiment and 7 connecting shaft of driving wheel The translation transposition time of adjacent vibration pressing plate 2-2-1 on vibration pressure zone is conveyed in plant, and in the rear transmission in preceding two threshing cylinder It is greater than 1 than unconventional, therefore is random corresponding relationship in the threshing board of preceding threshing cylinder and vibration pressing plate, and controls and pressed in rear vibration The relationship of formula threshing cylinder revolving speed and plant conveying vibration pressure zone feed rate, it is ensured that the threshing board of the threshing cylinder and vibration are pressed Plate adjacent to when correspond, so that crop be made to first pass through random extrusion, squeezed using orderly, give full play to mutual combination Vibration-extrusion flailing action, seed better effect.During again, threshing board itself does not generate vibration, when crop plant heap When plant conveys and conveyed on vibration pressure zone, vibration pressure type threshing cylinder rotation, the linear velocity direction of lower end and plant convey product The pressure zone conveying direction that shakes is consistent, the cylinder-concave clearance (such as 10cm) to shake between pressure type threshing cylinder and the pressure zone that shakes, and hollow out adhesive tape With certain elasticity, crop plant ulking thickness is greater than the gap, and vibration pressure type threshing cylinder rotation process will be compacted crop, and engrave Hungry area band regular can move up and down under pressure, so that the Relative Vibration of operation process is generated, in vibration and threshing board Threshing is completed under the collective effect of extruding force, simultaneously because the presence of Relative Vibration, seed is easier to drop down onto lower layer from hollow out adhesive tape Seed conveyer belt.
As shown in figure 8, axis stream main threshing cylinder 6 contains width disk 6-6 and drive shaft 6-7, and is divided into and screws in section and again de- section, It screws in section to be made of the tapered screw-in head 6-1 for being wound with helical blade 6-2, multiple de- section is by being coiled in circumferential uniformly distributed axially extending branch Spiral fixed link 6-5 outside strut 6-4 and it is spaced apart radial spike-tooth 6-3 composition in spiral fixed link 6-5.Helical blade 6-2 is weldingly fixed on tapered screw-in head 6-1, and spike-tooth 6-3 is welded on spiral fixed link 6-5, and spiral fixed link 6-5 is helically Shape is welded on 6 support rod 6-4.When work crop plant tapered screw-in head 6-1 and helical blade 6-2 screw-in effect under, De- section is entered again by screw-in section and carries out threshing operations.
When harvest operation, legume crop plant is fed to passing a bridge by the ceding of Taiwan and conveys vibration pressure sheller unit, transported same Flexible threshing operation of Shi Jinhang, do not purify crop plant and stalk under the effect of upper layer plant conveyer belt to combining The threshing apparatus concave grate of machine conveys, and takes off operation again by carrying out strength inside tapered screw-in head to axis stream main threshing cylinder, multiple Crop kernel after de-, which drops on vibrating screen, to be cleaned;It is conveyed under vibration pressure sheller unit realizes the seed of pre- threshing by it passing a bridge The seed conveyer belt of layer, which is transported on vibrating screen, to be cleaned, and cleans rear final output to collection device.
Experiments have shown that the combined harvester of the present embodiment due to be equipped with pass a bridge conveying vibration pressure sheller unit, crop into Enter the threshing operations carried out before threshing apparatus compared with ripe seed, effectively facilitates main threshing operations, make the main threshing of threshing apparatus Roller can be regulated and controled by the reinforcing threshing requirement of less ripe seed, therefore properly settle the simultaneous of maturity difference seed Problem is cared for, threshing performance is significantly improved, reduces breakage rate.

Claims (7)

1. it is a kind of based on distribution threshing beans combined harvester, including be located at the front end walking chassis (A3) the ceding of Taiwan (A1) and Threshing apparatus on walking chassis (A3);The threshing apparatus is by axis stream main threshing cylinder (A6) and is located at the axis stream Concave grate (A7) under main threshing cylinder and vibrating screen (A8) composition under the concave grate;The ceding of Taiwan and threshing apparatus Between by be supported in gap bridge support conveying mechanism (A2) be connected;It is characterized by:
By forming in upper plant conveying vibration pressure zone and the seed conveyer belt under, the conveying mechanism is equipped with the conveying mechanism At least one vibration pressure type threshing cylinder constitutes conveying vibration pressure sheller unit of passing a bridge;
Plant conveying vibration pressure zone (2) is made of the vibration pressure zone (2-2) for being looped around both ends drive roller shaft (2-1), the vibration pressure Band (2-2) is pressed by the hollow out adhesive tape (2-2-2) and the flexible vibration on the length of tape direction uniformly at intervals that leak hole is distributed with Plate (2-2-1) is constituted;
The seed conveyer belt (4) is by the rubber strip (4-2) that is looped around on both ends driven roller (4-1) and is distributed in described Baffle (4-3) on rubber strip length direction is constituted;
The vibration pressure type threshing cylinder (3) contains rotating cylinder (3-2), and the outer circle of the rotating cylinder circumferentially uniformly radially extends Connection tooth row (3-3), the exclusive end of tooth connection is connected tangential threshing board (3-1);The threshing board and it is neighbouring when vibration Pressing plate forms threshing interval;
It is described pass a bridge conveying vibration pressure sheller unit plant conveying vibration pressure zone and seed conveyer belt output end respectively with concave grate It is connected with the input terminal of vibrating screen.
2. the beans combined harvester according to claim 1 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: at least one vibration pressure type The translation that the rotary translocation time of the adjacent threshing board of threshing cylinder is equal to adjacent vibration pressing plate on plant conveying vibration pressure zone is easy The position time.
3. the beans combined harvester according to claim 2 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: the conveying mechanism Two vibration pressure type threshing cylinders being spaced apart are housed above seed conveyer belt;Shaft and sprocket wheel and master in rear threshing roller Driving wheel is connected, and the rotary translocation time of its adjacent threshing board is equal to the translation of adjacent vibration pressing plate on plant conveying vibration pressure zone The transposition time;It is described to be greater than 1 in rear threshing roller and the transmission ratio in preceding threshing cylinder.
4. the beans combined harvester according to claim 3 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: the threshing board is towards rotation The length for turning direction stretching is longer than the length of reverse rotational direction stretching.
5. the beans combined harvester according to claim 4 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: the leak hole is in along glue The strip that strip length direction extends, uniformly at intervals on belt width direction.
6. the beans combined harvester according to claim 5 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: the baffle, which is constituted, is in L shape.
7. the beans combined harvester according to claim 6 based on distribution threshing, it is characterised in that: the main threshing of axis stream Roller, which is divided into, screws in section and de- section, the screw-ins section are made of the tapered screw-in head for being wound with helical blade again, it is described take off again section by It is coiled in the circumferential spiral fixed link being evenly distributed with outside axially extending support rod and is spaced apart the radial direction nail in spiral fixed link Tooth is constituted.
CN201910649475.6A 2019-07-18 2019-07-18 Bean combine harvester based on distributed threshing Active CN110278762B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0102117A1 (en) * 1982-08-17 1984-03-07 Ford New Holland N.V. Rotary cleaning mechanism and method for cleaning threshed grain in combines
JPH0530848A (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-09 Kubota Corp Axial flow type thresher
CN203775694U (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-08-20 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 Multifunctional grain combine harvester
CN106856861A (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-20 李福来 The new barrel combined soybean seed thrasher of feed roller shaft flow roll
CN210726022U (en) * 2019-07-18 2020-06-12 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Bean combine harvester based on distributed threshing

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0102117A1 (en) * 1982-08-17 1984-03-07 Ford New Holland N.V. Rotary cleaning mechanism and method for cleaning threshed grain in combines
JPH0530848A (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-09 Kubota Corp Axial flow type thresher
CN203775694U (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-08-20 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 Multifunctional grain combine harvester
CN106856861A (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-20 李福来 The new barrel combined soybean seed thrasher of feed roller shaft flow roll
CN210726022U (en) * 2019-07-18 2020-06-12 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Bean combine harvester based on distributed threshing

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