CN110274658A - A kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device and method - Google Patents
A kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device and method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
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Abstract
It can be more than 50 meters in SEA LEVEL VARIATION, normal use under the operating condition that icing thickness is more than 0.75 meter the invention discloses a kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device and method；The device can carry a variety of ice condition supervising sensors, guarantee the validity of test data；Survey ice water ruler progress hydroenergy storage station reservoir ice condition is carried using floatable buoy platform to monitor automatically, the measuring principle for wherein surveying ice water ruler is the contact voltage detected in air-ice-water, ice sheet upper and lower surfaces are judged by the difference of contact voltage value, to calculate hydroenergy storage station reservoir icing thickness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water power water conservancy equipment, especially a kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device.
Background technique
Electric energy when hydroenergy storage station is using electric load low ebb draws water to upper storage reservoir, electric load peak period again
Discharge water the power station to generate electricity to lower storage reservoir, also known as storage station.Conventional hydropower station is compared, there are two hydroenergy storage station tools
Distinguishing feature: first is that reservoir capacity is generally smaller, reservoir level fluctuation amplitude is big；Second is that hydroenergy storage station has power generation and takes out
Two kinds of main methods of operation of water, reservoir level will at least undergo a fluctuation in stage circulation daily under normal circumstances.
A large amount of pumping has equally been planned in north cold area as a kind of dedicated peak regulation of power grid and backup power source, China
Water storage station, the planning and designing of these hydroenergy storage stations, ice age run it is all different degrees of encounter frost problem, ice condition is past
Toward the benefit and safety generation adverse effect very serious to power station.
A part of aggregate storage capacity has been occupied in the frost of cold district hydroenergy storage station reservoir, reduces storage capacity, to a certain degree
Upper influence power benefit；If winter operation mode is improper, ice condition may cause damage work to hydraulic structures such as gate, dams
With.Therefore the design of frost storage capacity, the operation of the anti-ice discharging in power station etc. be existing for cold district hydroenergy storage station two important ask
Topic.
In " the water power hydraulic engineering hydrology calculates specification " (DL/T 5431-2009), for hydroenergy storage station Ice Conditions Analysis
The description of calculating are as follows: can analyze " the upper and lower library charging properties of hydroenergy storage station, it is the formation of ice sheet, broken to storage capacity and extraction water
Influence ".But due to the complexity of ice condition characteristic, the depth and range wretched insufficiency studied at this stage, the analysis of engineering ice condition
Calculating is immature in theoretical basis and specific method, has practical studies to be combined perfect.
Several key indexes in the calculating of hydroenergy storage station Ice Conditions Analysis, such as maximum ice thickness, frost storage capacity, conventional hydropower station
Not freeze-up distance (when hydroenergy storage station upstream conventional hydropower station is run) of downstream minimum etc., has part empirical equation that can use for reference,
But it is very immature and lack verifying.
The research achievement both at home and abroad in relation to Qu Shuiku (lake) ice condition of trembling with fear is mainly conventional hydrostatic ice generating and vanishing process at present,
And the actual prototype observational data under power station ice age service condition is less, as the water-storage for having notable difference with conventional power plant
Power station, due to Shang Ku, the ice generating and vanishing process in lower library and reservoir level, environment temperature, inlet/outlet position, power station management and running mould
Formula is closely related, and the area of states, especially tens meters from library bank such as " freeze -- ice crack -- thawing -- icing " is presented in library face repeatedly
Its ice condition state of domain is even more in moment variation, and artificially lower library progress prototype measurement risk is very big, is limited to current measuring of ice thickness instrument
Device development level, it is also very immature for reservoir (especially thin ice area) measuring of ice thickness, it is difficult to obtain the precise information of ice thickness, mesh
Before be only the means such as to rest on by taking pictures, manually estimate intuitively to be recognized, there are also very for the acquisition from truthful data
Big distance.
The new technology to grow up recent years, including ground penetrating radar detection ice thickness, unmanned plane aerial photography emergency monitoring etc., to the greatest extent
Pipe has some progress, to a certain extent also can fetching portion data, but still there are significant limitation, first is that needing artificial existing
Field operation, and influenced seriously by weather, do not have monitoring condition even more at night, monitoring data do not have continuity；Second is that right
It is limited in measuring of ice thickness precision, it is even more helpless when especially for thin ice or little ice thickness.
Hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir is arranged in mountain top position, and reservoir level luffing is up to tens meters, library basin Slope ratio
Usually 1:1.6 or so；Northern hydroenergy storage station is that adaptive temperature changes huge environmental condition, Reservoir pelvic surface of sacrum plate,
The Anti-seeping technology of library basin bottom storehouse is key, and the shock of rear sharp objects and scuffing are built up in power station may destroy impervious barrier, thus shadow
Ring its anti-seepage effect；Northern hydroenergy storage station reservoir is easy to freeze in winter, after library basin perimeter panel freezes, works as reservoir level
When rising or falling, there are ice cube tearing or collapsing situations, to have more apparent destroy to library pelvic surface of sacrum plate impervious barrier；Electricity
After normal operation of standing, which is not allow to occur, it usually needs ensures library by power station scheduling or other ancillary measures
Basin periphery keeps several meters wide of dynamic water band or thin ice area, and library basin is avoided to form whole ice sheet.It is drawn water/is generated electricity by wind-force, reservoir
It influences, winter library face floating ice is often in drifting state, and the floating ice of side is easy to and plate contact and freezes with the wind, when reservoir is protected
Hold identical water level time it is longer when, icing degree can significantly be reinforced in the case of severe cold, and face slab for water retaining may be destroyed when serious.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition
Monitoring device, which can be more than 50 meters in SEA LEVEL VARIATION, normal use under the operating condition that icing thickness is more than 0.75 meter；The dress
A variety of ice condition supervising sensors can be carried by setting, and realize being mutually authenticated to guarantee the effective of test data for a variety of test principles
Property.
The device mounting platform is assembled using Plastic buoy, and periphery is integrally welded using high-strength stainless steel square tube
It connects, mounting platform bearing capacity is more than 1.5 tons, while can be loaded beyond 0.5 meter thick of ice extruding force, and anchor system device is using conjunction
It fits the nylon rope of length and drags bottom anchor chain, meet hydroenergy storage station Reservoir Water Level big (more than 50m) and violent application work
Condition.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising
Device, comprising:
The mounting platform being set in the water surface/ice face；
The mounting bracket being fixed on mounting platform, and the mounting bracket includes upper and lower part, the top be located at the water surface/
Above ice face, which is protruded into from above the water surface/ice face below the water surface/ice face；
It is fixed on the water gauge of mounting bracket lower part；
The two lateral edge water gauge length of scale of the water gauge is respectively equipped with multiple voltage induced points；
The mounting platform is connect by anchor system device with hydroenergy storage station reservoir bottom, is fixed by the way of casting anchor
The device can prevent monitoring device from biggish offset is occurred by wind and water currents well.
It is connected to floatation part between the mounting platform and anchor system device, when mounting platform is sent out by wind and water currents
When raw drift, anchor system device drags tight floatation part, then mounting platform is connected by floatation part, to slow down the inclination of mounting platform
Degree.
Four corners of the mounting platform are provided with bolster；The mounting platform is hanged by the first flexible piece with described
Float connection；The tie point of first flexible piece and mounting platform is located at the opposite side of the mounting bracket.Bolster can prevent from pacifying
Assembling platform by wind to library bank when reservoir pitch panel is caused to damage.
The mounting platform is equipped with telemetering cabinet；Telemetry terminal system and whole with the telemetering is provided in the telemetering cabinet
Hold the wireless communication module of electrical connection；The telemetry terminal system is electrically connected with the water gauge, battery.
Anchor system device includes the third flexible connecting member connecting with the floatation part；The third flexible connecting member with
The connection of second flexible piece；Second flexible connecting member connects anchor chain.Third flexible connecting member is STAINLESS STEEL CHAINS, effect be by the
Two flexible connecting members are forced down to ice face once, prevent the second flexible piece from freezing together with ice face, and cast iron drags the bottom anchor chain to be mainly
Play the role of anchor mounting platform, when wind-force especially greatly be more than its frictional force with bottom storehouse when, allow its bottom storehouse dragging and
It is few as far as possible that bottom storehouse face slab for water retaining is damaged.
The mounting platform is equipped with solar energy tabula rasa；The solar energy tabula rasa is electrically connected with charge controller；It is described to fill
Electric controller is electrically connected with battery.It is power supply for electrical equipment using solar power generation, it is energy saving.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides another methods for calculating ice layer thickness using above-mentioned apparatus, comprising:
Acquire the voltage value of all voltage induced points on water gauge；
Voltage induced point present position is judged according to the voltage value, to calculate ice layer thickness.
When providing the voltage of 3.3V for water gauge, the position of voltage induced point is judged using following method:
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is greater than 2.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is in water；
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is between 0.33V and 0.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located at
In ice sheet；
When the voltage value of some voltage induced point is less than 0.33V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located in air.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that: the device of the invention can be super in SEA LEVEL VARIATION
Cross 50 meters, icing thickness be more than normal use under 0.75 meter of operating condition；The device can carry a variety of ice condition supervising sensors, guarantee
The validity of test data；
The present invention is carried using floatable buoy platform surveys ice water ruler progress hydroenergy storage station reservoir ice condition certainly
Dynamic monitoring passes through the difference of contact voltage value wherein the measuring principle for surveying ice water ruler is the contact voltage detected in air-ice-water
Ice sheet upper and lower surfaces are not judged, to accurately calculate hydroenergy storage station reservoir icing thickness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural diagram of the device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is perspective view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Water gage structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
When the present apparatus is mounted on hydroenergy storage station reservoir (Shang Ku, lower library), fixed using the mode of casting anchor.The length of anchor line
It is determined according to range of stage (normal pool level-level of dead water)；In order to keep monitoring device steady, anchor system device and mounting platform it
Between add intermediate float, slow down and drag tight effect due to because of anchor line and cause mounting platform inclination angle bigger than normal；Anchor system device top is using stainless
Steel chain (5 meters of length), interlude use nylon rope, and bottom anchor chain are dragged using cast iron in bottom (more than 250 kilograms)；The work of STAINLESS STEEL CHAINS
With being to force down nylon rope to ice face once, prevent nylon rope from freezing together with ice face, cast iron drags bottom anchor chain mainly to play
Anchor mounting platform effect, when wind-force especially greatly be more than its frictional force with bottom storehouse when, allow its bottom storehouse drag and as far as possible
Few damages bottom storehouse face slab for water retaining.
Running track of this monitoring device in the basin of library are as follows: centered on dumping point, using anchor line length as the range of radius.
Reservoir level is lower, and operating radius is bigger, and with the raising of reservoir level, operating radius becomes smaller, and limiting case, water level rises to
When normal pool level, surface of the monitoring device generally within dumping point.
Choose dumping point: dumping point is chosen referring to library basin leg wire of slope, using water level decreasing to level of dead water as the limit, jettisonings
Point at least should be far from X meters of library basin leg wire of slope, X=(normal pool level-level of dead water)+reserved stormy waves safe length.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, mounting platform 1 of the present invention is spliced using 4*4 Plastic buoy 10, single floating drum having a size of
500mm*500mm*400mm (long * wide * high), floating drum periphery are stainless steel box 11, and box and floating drum use bolt fastening, no
Soldering stainless steel protective fence on rust steel box, stainless steel box are wrapped up using rope made of hemp winding, quadrangle using rubber (i.e. bolster 7)
Anticollision.1600 kilograms of mounting platform integrated carrying ability.
Intermediate floating drum (floatation part 7) is buffer unit between mounting platform and mooring system, when mounting platform by wind with
When water currents are drifted about, anchor system device drags this tight intermediate floating drum, then mounting platform is connected by intermediate floating drum, to subtract
The gradient of slow mounting platform.
First flexible piece 12 (nylon rope), the second flexible piece 14 (nylon rope): the first flexible piece 12 connect mounting platform with
Intermediate floating drum, the second flexible piece 14 connects the STAINLESS STEEL CHAINS 13 of intermediate floating drum lower end and the cast iron at river (lake) bottom drags bottom anchor chain to fill
It sets.
STAINLESS STEEL CHAINS 13, anchor chain 15: anchor system device top uses STAINLESS STEEL CHAINS (5 meters of length), and effect is by nylon rope pressure
Once down to ice face, prevent nylon rope from freezing together with ice face, it is mainly to play anchoring mounting platform that cast iron, which drags bottom anchor chain,
Effect allows it few as far as possible to bottom storehouse antiseepage in bottom storehouse dragging when wind-force is more than greatly especially its frictional force with bottom storehouse
Panel damages.
Such as Fig. 2, the invention also includes:
Telemetering equipment (is set in telemetering cabinet 8): including telemetry terminal system, wireless communication module, GPS module etc., installation
In stainless steel cabinet；
Such as Fig. 3, ice (water) sensor water gauge 18 (i.e. water gauge) of the present invention: 1 meter of range, integrated resistor formula measurement method.Electricity
Resistive ice sensor (multiple voltage induced contacts 21 are arranged on water gauge) water gauge resolution ratio is 1 centimetre；Water gauge uses fashioned iron for bone
Resistance contact point is poured by epoxy resin and builds up a whole water gauge by frame, and wiring 17 is by water gauge Base top contact；Ice (water) sensor
Water gauge 18 is installed in mounting bracket 2；Scale 19 is arranged in water gauge front.
Solar electric power supply system: including solar energy tabula rasa 6, charge controller, battery；
Radiation shield 9 and environment temperature sensor: using digital temperature meter, and thermometer is mounted in radiation shield；
In the application, calculate the method for ice layer thickness the following steps are included:
Acquire the voltage value of all voltage induced points on water gauge；
Voltage induced point present position is judged according to the voltage value, to calculate ice layer thickness.
When providing the voltage of 3.3V for water gauge, the position of voltage induced point is judged using following method:
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is greater than 2.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is in water；
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is between 0.33V and 0.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located at
In ice sheet；
When the voltage value of some voltage induced point is less than 0.33V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located in air.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device characterized by comprising
The mounting platform (1) being set in the water surface/ice face；
The mounting bracket (2) being fixed on mounting platform (1), and the mounting bracket (2) includes upper and lower part, which is located at
Above the water surface/ice face, which is protruded into from above the water surface/ice face below the water surface/ice face；
It is fixed on the water gauge (18) of mounting bracket (2) lower part；
The two lateral edge water gauge length of scale of the water gauge is respectively equipped with multiple voltage induced points.
2. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting platform (1)
It is connect by anchor system device with hydroenergy storage station reservoir bottom.
3. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the mounting platform (1)
Floatation part (16) are connected between anchor system device.
4. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mounting platform four
Corner is provided with bolster (7)；The mounting platform is connect by the first flexible piece (12) with the floatation part (16)；First
The tie point of flexible piece (12) and mounting platform is located at the opposite side of the mounting bracket (2).
5. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that anchor system device includes
The third flexible connecting member (13) being connect with the floatation part (16)；The third flexible connecting member (13) and the second flexible piece
(14) it connects；Second flexible piece (14) connects anchor chain.
6. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting platform (1)
It is equipped with telemetering cabinet (8)；It is provided with telemetry terminal system in the telemetering cabinet (8) and is electrically connected with the telemetry terminal system wireless
Communication module；The telemetry terminal system is electrically connected with the water gauge (18), battery.
7. hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting platform (1)
It is equipped with solar energy tabula rasa (6)；The solar energy tabula rasa (6) is electrically connected with charge controller；The charge controller and electric power storage
Pond electrical connection；The charge controller and battery are mounted in the stainless steel cabinet under solar energy tabula rasa.
8. a kind of method for calculating ice layer thickness using one of claim 1~7 described device characterized by comprising
Acquire the voltage value of all voltage induced points on water gauge；
Voltage induced point present position is judged according to the voltage value, to calculate ice layer thickness.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, utilizing following side when providing the voltage of 3.3V for water gauge
Method judges the position of voltage induced point:
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is greater than 2.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is in water；
When the voltage value of a certain voltage induced point is between 0.33V and 0.75V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located at ice sheet
In；
When the voltage value of some voltage induced point is less than 0.33V, it is determined as that the voltage induced point is located in air.
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| CN201910688927.1A CN110274658A (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | A kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device and method |
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| CN201910688927.1A CN110274658A (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | A kind of hydroenergy storage station ice condition supervising device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114427923A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-05-03 | 兰州大学 | System, method, device and server for monitoring icing state of inland water area |
| CN116109147A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-12 | 黑龙江省水文水资源中心 | Cold district ice condition automatic monitoring system based on artificial intelligence |
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