CN110273097B - VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the relative density of the composite material is more than 99%, and the hardness is 67.8-69.6 HRC; the matrix of the composite material is V10 powder high-speed steel, VC powder is uniformly dispersed in the matrix as an additional mass point, the mass fraction of the addition amount of the VC powder is 3-15%, and the mass percentage of the composite material is as follows: c: 2.50-5.50%; mo1.20-1.30%; cr: 5.25 to 5.50 percent; v: 10 to 20 percent. During the preparation process, when 10V molten steel is atomized by high-pressure atomizing gas, VC powder is uniformly conveyed to a nozzle of an atomizer by ultrasonic dispersion gas conveying, the high-pressure atomizing gas and the VC powder are mixed at the nozzle to form a gas powder atomizing medium, and the 10V molten steel is smashed by gas powder atomizing to prepare prealloyed VC/V10 high-speed steel composite powder; the method has the advantages of simple process and short production period, and can be used for producing high-performance high-vanadium powder high-speed steel quickly, efficiently and at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a powder metallurgy technology, in particular to a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-vanadium high-speed steel has high hardness, good toughness and excellent wear resistance, is widely applied to the fields of cold-work dies, high-speed steel composite rollers, mining machinery and the like, and the size and the form of carbide are main factors influencing the performance of the high-vanadium high-speed steel. The high-vanadium high-speed steel prepared by the traditional smelting process has thick carbide, low toughness and relatively poor wear resistance. The powder metallurgy technology can well overcome the problems, and the powder high-vanadium high-speed steel CPMl0V developed by the American company of crucible has the vanadium content of 9.75 percent, uniform structure and fine carbide, greatly improves the wear resistance and toughness, and is an ideal wear-resistant part material of cold-work dies and plastic dies.
In recent years, the vanadium content in high-speed steel tends to increase more and more in order to further improve the hardness and wear resistance of high-vanadium high-speed steel. The melting temperature of the alloy system is increased when the vanadium content is increased, and the upper limit of the temperature which can be borne by the conventional gas atomization equipment is about 1800 ℃, so that the powder metallurgy production of high-vanadium high-speed steel is limited in the melting process. When the superheat degree of the molten steel is insufficient, primary carbides separated out from the molten steel in the gas atomization process easily block a gas atomization nozzle, or the parameters of atomized alloy powder are uncontrollable due to the increase of the viscosity of the molten steel, so that the mass fraction of vanadium added into the powder metallurgy high-vanadium high-speed steel is not more than 12.0%.
In order to break through the limitation of alloying, the prior art patent (application No. CN106756599A) 'preparation method of cBN-high speed steel composite material and cBN-high speed steel composite material' and the document 'novel high-performance powder metallurgy high speed steel and near net shape preparation technology' provide a new technology for preparing powder high speed steel without smelting, carbide, iron powder and cobalt powder are used as raw materials, and the powder high speed steel is prepared by mechanical ball milling and vacuum sintering, but the mechanical ball milling technology has the defects of easy segregation of carbide powder, oxidation of metal powder surface, introduction of ball milling medium impurities, long ball milling time, time consumption, power consumption and the like. Patent application No. CN106756599A "cBN-high speed steel composite material and method for manufacturing cBN-high speed steel composite material" is used for manufacturing a high speed steel precursor powder mixture of the cBN-high speed steel composite material, wherein the high speed steel precursor powder mixture comprises, by mass, 3-15% of Co powder, 32-75% of Fe powder, 20-50% of carbide powder of metal selected from groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table of elements, and 0-2% of C powder. The cBN-high speed steel composite material comprises 1-30% of cBN, 2.7-13.5% of Co, 1.7-5.4% of C, 14-45% of metals selected from groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table of elements and 40.6-67.5% of Fe by mass fraction. By adopting non-atomized powder to replace atomized powder, the occurrence of local eutectic liquid phase can be avoided, the local eutectic liquid is prevented from corroding the cBN, the cBN is kept stable, and the service performance of the final cBN-high-speed steel composite material is improved.
The literature 'novel high-performance powder metallurgy high-speed steel and near-net-shape forming preparation technology' researches a novel process (SAP process) for preparing high-performance near-net-shape powder metallurgy high-speed steel without smelting. The method takes iron powder, cobalt powder and carbide powder as raw materials, and prepares the SAP6031 powder metallurgy high-speed steel through mechanical ball milling and vacuum activation sintering. Research results show that the raw material powder after ball milling has higher sintering activity, and the sintering densification (more than 99.5%) of a sintering blank is realized at the temperature far lower than the liquidus temperature by combining the carbon-oxygen reaction in the subsequent activation sintering process, so that the material has excellent mechanical properties, and the impurity content is far lower than the standard value. The conclusion is that the SAP process has the advantages of easy adjustment of alloy components, short process flow, low production energy consumption, near net shape forming and the like, and has obvious advantages in the development of special powder high-speed steel and the flexible production of special-shaped parts and non-standard parts.
The above-mentioned documents show that the high-carbon high-alloy powder high-speed steel has the advantages that the material has high hardness and good bending resistance, and the defects that the upper limit of the temperature which can be borne by the conventional gas atomization equipment is about 1800 ℃, and when the content of alloy elements is increased, the melting temperature of an alloy system is increased; when the temperature limit born by equipment is approached, the superheat degree of molten steel is insufficient, primary carbide separated out in the molten steel in the gas atomization process is easy to block a gas atomization nozzle, or the parameter of atomized alloy powder is uncontrollable due to the increase of the viscosity of the molten steel. In the prior art, a ball milling process is adopted to realize alloying of carbide and iron powder, and then the powder high-speed steel is prepared by subsequent molding and heat treatment processes. The disadvantages of the ball milling process are the oxidation of the powder surface, the introduction of impurity elements in the ball milling medium and the long ball milling time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material and a preparation method thereof. On one hand, the alloying limit in the smelting process is broken through, on the other hand, the material cost is reduced by means of reducing equipment investment, reducing production energy consumption, improving the material utilization rate and the like, so that the marketization of the high-carbon high-vanadium powder high-speed steel is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material has the relative density of more than 99 percent and the hardness of 67.8-69.6 HRC; the matrix of the composite material is V10 powder high-speed steel, VC powder is uniformly dispersed in the matrix as an additional mass point, the mass fraction of the addition amount of the VC powder is 3-15%, and the mass percentage of the composite material is as follows: c: 2.50-5.50%; mo1.20-1.30%; cr: 5.25 to 5.50 percent; v: 10 to 20 percent.
A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1)10V high speed steel smelting
Smelting 10V high-speed steel in a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the components in percentage by mass are as follows: 2.40-2.50% of C, 5.00-5.50% of Cr, 9.50-10.50% of V and 1.25-1.35% of Mo, and controlling the end point temperature of the molten steel to be the tapping temperature of 1640-1680 ℃ after the smelting components are qualified;
(2) preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
The method comprises the following steps of pre-loading VC powder into an independent sending tank, uniformly conveying the VC powder to a nozzle of an atomizer by ultrasonic dispersion gas conveying when high-pressure atomization gas atomizes 10V molten steel, mixing the high-pressure atomization gas and the VC powder at the nozzle to form a gas powder atomization medium, and crushing the 10V molten steel by gas powder atomization to obtain pre-alloyed VC/V10 high-speed steel composite powder;
(3) composite high-speed steel powder forming
Compacting the composite powder by adopting cold isostatic pressing, wherein rubber gasoline is used as a binder, the using amount is 0.1-0.3 wt%, the cold isostatic pressing pressure is 150-350 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-20 min;
(4) vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1150-1180 ℃ at a heating rate of 80-120 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 30-60 min, cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 200-250 ℃/min, and discharging;
(5) thermal treatment
Annealing at 850-880 ℃ and furnace cooling for 3-4 h are adopted as preparation treatment. Quenching at 1150-1180 ℃ for 5-15 min. Tempering temperature is 540-580 ℃, tempering is carried out for 3 times, and air cooling is carried out for 1-1.5 h each time.
In the step (2), the average granularity D50 of the VC powder is less than or equal to 2 mu m, and the volume fraction of particles with the granularity of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 5-10%.
The atomization temperature of the 10V molten steel in the step (2) is 1600-1640 ℃;
the conveying gas in the step (2) is N2Or Ar, the conveying pressure is 1-2 MPa, the ultrasonic oscillation frequency is 20-25 KHz, and the high-pressure atomization gas is N2Or Ar with the pressure of 2-4 Mpa;
in the step (2), the flow rate of VC powder is 2.0-4.0 kg/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the process is simple, the production period is short, and high-performance high-vanadium powder high-speed steel can be produced quickly, efficiently and at low cost.
2) The preparation of 3 to 15 weight percent of VC composite powder can be finished by adopting conventional smelting and atomizing equipment, and the fine powder yield of metal powder is favorably improved.
3) The method has the advantages that the adjustment of the VC granularity and the VC content is very convenient, so that the powder high-speed steel with excellent comprehensive mechanical property can be obtained, and the wide application of the mechanical manufacturing industry is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the following examples describe the invention in detail. These examples are merely illustrative of the best embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum melting of V10 alloy
The alloy is melted into V10 alloy in a 200kg vacuum induction furnace. In order to improve the yield of ferrovanadium, 0.1 wt% of pure aluminum is adopted in the later stage of smelting to deoxidize and then ferrovanadium is added, and the rest of alloy is added in the earlier stage of smelting. When tapping, the tapping temperature is increased by 50 ℃ and 1650 ℃ in consideration of the temperature drop brought by VC powder in the later atomizing and powder spraying process. The main chemical components (mass fraction,%) of the alloy are 2.44C, 5.43Cr, 1.3Mo and 9.98V.
(2) Preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
VC powder is pre-filled in an independent sending tank, and an ultrasonic device and N which are pre-arranged in the tank are simultaneously started before molten steel atomization begins2Introducing into a gas valve, and uniformly dispersing VC powder (D50 is less than or equal to 2 μm) in N by ultrasonic technique2In the conveying gas, the volume fraction of particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 8 percent, the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 23Hz, and the pressure of the conveying gas is 1.2 Mpa. When the atomization of the molten steel begins, the valve is opened, the conveying gas conveys the powder to the nozzle of the atomizing chamber, and the powder is atomized under high pressure N2The VC powder and the VC powder meet each other to form a gas-powder mixed atomization medium, the VC powder flow is 2.0kg/min, the atomization temperature is 1600 ℃, and the atomization gas pressure is 3 MPa. The gas-powder mixed atomized V10 alloy liquid is prepared into the composite powder with dispersed VC particles, wherein the content (mass fraction) of the VC particles is 3 percent, the yield of the fine powder with the particle size less than 200 meshes reaches 95 percent, and the yield is improved by 20 percent compared with the yield of the fine powder atomized by pure gas.
The method for preparing the composite powder is used for preparing the high-carbon high-vanadium high-speed steel powder by dispersing carbide powder into atomizing gas and then mixing and atomizing the gas powder. On one hand, the alloying limit is broken through, the carbon and vanadium content in the powder high-speed steel is increased, and the material obtains high hardness on the premise of ensuring the strength and toughness of the material. On the other hand, the method can avoid the blockage of the atomizing nozzle by primary carbide caused by insufficient superheat degree of the molten steel. And the density of the atomizing medium is improved, so that the yield of the fine powder of the high-speed steel powder is improved. Compared with the traditional preparation process of high-speed steel by adding carbide powder metallurgy, the VC powder content is very convenient to adjust, and the wide application of the VC powder in the mechanical manufacturing industry is facilitated
(3) Cold isostatic pressing
And (3) adopting 0.2 wt% of rubber gasoline as a binder, granulating the composite powder prepared in the step (2), then filling the granules into a rubber mould, and pressing and molding the granules in a cold isostatic press. The cold isostatic pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 15 min. And the cold isostatic pressing forming is combined with the vacuum sintering to replace the hot isostatic pressing forming, so that the sheath cost and the cost of large-scale hot isostatic pressing equipment are saved.
(4) Vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 45min, then cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 220 ℃/min, and discharging.
(5) Thermal treatment
An annealing at 850 ℃ (3h furnace cooling) was used as a preliminary treatment. Quenching temperature is 1160 ℃, and quenching is carried out in oil for 8 min. Tempering temperature is 560 ℃, tempering is carried out for 3 times, and air cooling is carried out for 1h each time.
Example 2
A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum melting of V10 alloy
The alloy is melted into V10 alloy in a 200kg vacuum induction furnace. In order to improve the yield of ferrovanadium, 0.1 wt% of pure aluminum is adopted in the later stage of smelting to deoxidize and then ferrovanadium is added, and the rest of alloy is added in the earlier stage of smelting. When tapping, the tapping temperature is increased by 58 ℃ and 1658 ℃ in consideration of the temperature drop brought by VC powder in the later atomizing and powder spraying process. The main chemical components (mass fraction,%) of the alloy are 2.45C, 5.46Cr, 1.33Mo and 9.92V.
(2) Preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
In the independent sending tank, the water inlet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe,VC powder is pre-filled, and an ultrasonic device and N which are pre-arranged in a tank are simultaneously started before molten steel atomization begins2Introducing into a gas valve, and uniformly dispersing VC powder (D50 is less than or equal to 2 μm) in N by ultrasonic technique2In the conveying gas, the volume fraction of particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 8 percent, the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 23Hz, and the pressure of the conveying gas is 1.2 Mpa. When the atomization of the molten steel begins, the valve is opened, the conveying gas conveys the powder to the nozzle of the atomizing chamber, and the powder is atomized under high pressure N2The VC powder and the VC powder meet each other to form a gas-powder mixed atomization medium, the VC powder flow is 2.5kg/min, the atomization temperature is 1610 ℃, and the atomization gas pressure is 3 MPa. The gas-powder mixed atomized V10 alloy liquid is prepared into composite powder with dispersed VC particles, wherein the content (mass fraction) of the VC particles is 8%, the yield of fine powder with the particle size of less than 200 meshes reaches 95.5%, and the yield is improved by 20.5% compared with that of pure gas atomized fine powder.
(3) Cold isostatic pressing
And (3) adopting 0.2 wt% of rubber gasoline as a binder, granulating the composite powder prepared in the step (2), then filling the granules into a rubber mould, and pressing and molding the granules in a cold isostatic press. The cold isostatic pressing equipment is conventional equipment, the cold isostatic pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 15 min.
(4) Vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 45min, then cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 220 ℃/min, and discharging.
(5) Thermal treatment
An annealing at 850 ℃ (3h furnace cooling) was used as a preliminary treatment. Quenching temperature is 1160 ℃, and quenching is carried out in oil for 8 min. Tempering temperature is 560 ℃, tempering is carried out for 3 times, and air cooling is carried out for 1h each time.
Example 3
A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum melting of V10 alloy
The alloy is melted into V10 alloy in a 200kg vacuum induction furnace. In order to improve the yield of ferrovanadium, 0.1 wt% of pure aluminum is adopted in the later stage of smelting to deoxidize and then ferrovanadium is added, and the rest of alloy is added in the earlier stage of smelting. When tapping, the tapping temperature is increased by 65 ℃ and 1665 ℃ in consideration of the temperature drop brought by VC powder in the later atomizing and powder spraying process. The main chemical components (mass fraction,%) of the alloy are 2.44C, 5.48Cr, 1.35Mo and 9.99V.
(2) Preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
VC powder is pre-filled in an independent sending tank, and an ultrasonic device and N which are pre-arranged in the tank are simultaneously started before molten steel atomization begins2Introducing into a gas valve, and uniformly dispersing VC powder (D50 is less than or equal to 2 μm) in N by ultrasonic technique2In the conveying gas, the volume fraction of particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 8 percent, the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 23Hz, and the pressure of the conveying gas is 1.2 Mpa. When the atomization of the molten steel begins, the valve is opened, the conveying gas conveys the powder to the nozzle of the atomizing chamber, and the powder is atomized under high pressure N2The mixture meets to form gas-powder mixed atomization medium, the VC powder flow is 3.0kg/min, the atomization temperature is 1623 ℃, and the atomization gas pressure is 3 MPa. The gas-powder mixed atomized V10 alloy liquid is prepared into composite powder with dispersed VC particles, wherein the content (mass fraction) of the VC particles is 12%, the yield of fine powder with the particle size of less than 200 meshes reaches 96.2%, and the yield is improved by 21.2% compared with that of pure gas atomized fine powder.
(3) Cold isostatic pressing
And (3) adopting 0.2 wt% of rubber gasoline as a binder, granulating the composite powder prepared in the step (2), then filling the granules into a rubber mould, and pressing and molding the granules in a cold isostatic press. The cold isostatic pressing equipment is conventional equipment, the cold isostatic pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 15 min.
(4) Vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 45min, then cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 220 ℃/min, and discharging.
(5) Thermal treatment
An annealing at 850 ℃ (3h furnace cooling) was used as a preliminary treatment. Quenching temperature is 1160 ℃, and quenching is carried out in oil for 8 min. Tempering temperature is 560 ℃, tempering is carried out for 3 times, and air cooling is carried out for 1h each time.
Example 4
A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum melting of V10 alloy
The alloy is melted into V10 alloy in a 200kg vacuum induction furnace. In order to improve the yield of ferrovanadium, 0.1 wt% of pure aluminum is adopted in the later stage of smelting to deoxidize and then ferrovanadium is added, and the rest of alloy is added in the earlier stage of smelting. When tapping, the tapping temperature is increased by 70 ℃ and 1670 ℃ in consideration of the temperature drop brought by VC powder in the later atomizing and powder spraying process. The main chemical components (mass fraction,%) of the alloy are 2.46C, 5.47Cr, 1.32Mo and 10.03V.
(2) Preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
VC powder is pre-filled in an independent sending tank, and an ultrasonic device and N which are pre-arranged in the tank are simultaneously started before molten steel atomization begins2Introducing into a gas valve, and uniformly dispersing VC powder (D50 is less than or equal to 2 μm) in N by ultrasonic technique2In the conveying gas, the volume fraction of particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 8 percent, the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 23Hz, and the pressure of the conveying gas is 1.2 Mpa. When the atomization of the molten steel begins, the valve is opened, the conveying gas conveys the powder to the nozzle of the atomizing chamber, and the powder is atomized under high pressure N2The mixture meets to form gas-powder mixed atomizing medium, the VC powder flow is 4.0kg/min, the atomizing temperature is 1640 ℃, and the atomizing gas pressure is 3 MPa. The gas-powder mixed atomized V10 alloy liquid is prepared into the composite powder with dispersed VC particles, wherein the content (mass fraction) of the VC particles is 15%, the yield of fine powder below 200 meshes reaches 96.8%, and the yield is improved by 21.8% compared with that of pure gas atomized fine powder.
(3) Cold isostatic pressing
And (3) adopting 0.2 wt% of rubber gasoline as a binder, granulating the composite powder prepared in the step (2), then filling the granules into a rubber mould, and pressing and molding the granules in a cold isostatic press. The cold isostatic pressing equipment is conventional equipment, the cold isostatic pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 15 min.
(4) Vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 45min, then cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 220 ℃/min, and discharging.
(5) Thermal treatment
An annealing at 850 ℃ (3h furnace cooling) was used as a preliminary treatment. Quenching temperature is 1160 ℃, and quenching is carried out in oil for 8 min. Tempering temperature is 560 ℃, tempering is carried out for 3 times, and air cooling is carried out for 1h each time.
The chemical composition of the powdered high speed steel of the examples is shown in table 1.
Table 1: chemical composition of powdered high-speed Steel (mass fraction%)
| VC addition amount | C | Mo | Cr | V | Fe | |
| Example 1 | 3％ | 2.68 | 1.28 | 5.42 | 12.02 | Bal. |
| Example 2 | 8％ | 3.27 | 1.25 | 5.38 | 14.88 | Bal. |
| Example 3 | 12％ | 4.28 | 1.23 | 5.33 | 17.78 | Bal. |
| Example 4 | 15％ | 5.27 | 1.22 | 5.30 | 19.96 | Bal. |
The grain size and the mechanical property of the powder high-speed steel obtained in the embodiment are detected and analyzed after the heat treatment, and the specific data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: carbide and mechanical property of powder high-speed steel after heat treatment
| Carbide size/. mu.m | hardness/HRC | Flexural strength/MPa | Impact toughness/J.cm-2 | |
| Example 1 | 2.5 | 67.8 | 2997 | 18 |
| Example 2 | 2.3 | 68.1 | 3885 | 20 |
| Example 3 | 2.0 | 69.4 | 4450 | 24 |
| Example 4 | 2.5 | 69.6 | 3776 | 20 |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the method for preparing the powder metallurgy high-speed steel of the present invention can adjust the hardness and the bending strength of the material by adjusting the spraying amount of the VC powder in the atomized medium, and can maintain the good impact toughness of the material, thereby obtaining the high-carbon high-vanadium powder high-speed steel with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. The reason is that the fine VC particles exist in the material in the form of dispersed phase particles, so that the hardness of the material is improved, and meanwhile, the fine VC particles refine and separate out primary carbides during phase change, play a role in pinning dislocations, increase the obstruction of dislocation movement, play a role in dispersion strengthening, and further improve the strength and toughness of the powder high-speed steel.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1)10V high speed steel smelting
Smelting 10V high-speed steel in a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the components in percentage by mass are as follows: 2.40-2.50% of C, 5.00-5.50% of Cr, 9.50-10.50% of V and 1.25-1.35% of Mo, and controlling the end point temperature of the molten steel to be the tapping temperature of 1640-1680 ℃ after the smelting components are qualified;
(2) preparation of VC/10V composite high-speed steel powder
The method comprises the following steps of pre-loading VC powder into an independent sending tank, uniformly conveying the VC powder to a nozzle of an atomizer by ultrasonic dispersion gas conveying when high-pressure atomization gas atomizes 10V molten steel, mixing the high-pressure atomization gas and the VC powder at the nozzle to form a gas powder atomization medium, and crushing the 10V molten steel by gas powder atomization to obtain pre-alloyed VC/V10 high-speed steel composite powder;
(3) composite high-speed steel powder forming
Compacting the composite powder by adopting cold isostatic pressing, wherein rubber gasoline is used as a binder, the using amount is 0.1-0.3 wt%, the cold isostatic pressing pressure is 150-350 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-20 min;
(4) vacuum sintering
Sintering the composite powder pressed compact under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, heating the sintering temperature to 1150-1180 ℃ at a heating rate of 80-120 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 30-60 min, cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 200-250 ℃/min, and discharging;
(5) thermal treatment
Annealing at 850-880 ℃, and furnace cooling for 3-4 h as a preparation treatment; quenching at 1150-1180 ℃ for 5-15 min; tempering at 540-580 deg.c for 3 times, and air cooling for 1-1.5 hr each time;
the relative density of the prepared composite material is more than 99%, and the hardness is 67.8-69.6 HRC; the matrix of the composite material is V10 powder high-speed steel, VC powder is uniformly dispersed in the matrix as an additional mass point, the mass fraction of the addition amount of the VC powder is 3-15%, and the mass percentage of the composite material is as follows: c: 2.50-5.50%; mo1.20-1.30%; cr: 5.25 to 5.50 percent; v: 10 to 20 percent.
2. The method for preparing VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the average particle size D50 of VC powder is less than or equal to 2 μm, and the volume fraction of particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 200nm in the powder is 5-10%.
3. The method for preparing VC/V10 powdered high-speed steel composite material according to claim 1, wherein the atomization temperature of the 10V molten steel in the step (2) is 1600 ℃ -1640 ℃.
4. The method for preparing VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material according to claim 1, wherein the conveying gas in step (2) is N2Or Ar, the conveying pressure is 1-2 MPa, the ultrasonic oscillation frequency is 20-25 KHz, and the high-pressure atomization gas is N2Or Ar with a pressure of 2-4 MPa.
5. The method for preparing the VC/V10 powder high-speed steel composite material according to claim 1, wherein the VC powder flow rate in the step (2) is 2.0-4.0 kg/min.
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