CN104131211A - Preparation method of jet-molded multi-gradient high-speed steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of jet-molded multi-gradient high-speed steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104131211A CN104131211A CN201410414393.0A CN201410414393A CN104131211A CN 104131211 A CN104131211 A CN 104131211A CN 201410414393 A CN201410414393 A CN 201410414393A CN 104131211 A CN104131211 A CN 104131211A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a jet-molded multi-gradient high-speed steel. The high-speed steel is composed of the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.0% of C, 4.5-5.0% of Cr, 4.5-5.5% of Mo, 7.0-7.5% of W, 3.0-3.8% of V, 0.6-1.0% of Nb, 0.2-0.5% of Ti, 0.5-1.0% of Si, 0.1-0.5% of Mn and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: blending materials, melting, carrying out jet molding, carrying out air cooling, annealing, carrying out hot forging and carrying out quench tempering. Due to the adopted method, the nebulization efficiency and deposition efficiency of the nozzle are improved and continuous preparation of a multi-layer composite material is realized. The preparation method of the jet-molded multi-gradient high-speed steel has the beneficial effects of low porosity (2-4%) of the deposited blank, fine and even structure (mean grain size ranging from 0.9 to 20 microns), excellent interfacial mechanical property and high material yield (72%-85%).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel.
Background technology
Rapid steel is a kind of high quality steel, has high thermohardening after thermal treatment, and when cutting temperature is when more than 600 DEG C, hardness is still without obviously declining, and can reach per minute more than 60 meters by the Tool in Cutting speed of its manufacture, and its hardness is 63-65HRC.
But in rapid steel, conventionally all contain Co element, because Co is expensive, cause rapid steel expensive.The manufacture method of rapid steel has two kinds, and one is traditional steel ingot casting, and another kind is for utilizing powder metallurgy process manufacture.Steel ingot casting is divided into again secondary refining (EAF+LF+VD) or esr (ESR) two classes conventionally, in aforesaid method due to molten metal Slow cooling, cause the thick of the inhomogeneous segregation of alloy and alloy carbide, thereby have influence on the performance of rapid steel.
Spray forming technology is an emerging technology, this technology has the feature of rapid solidification, can prepare high alloy or superelevation alloy material that common process is difficult to preparation, rapid solidification has promoted metal structure refinement, has eliminated macrosegregation, material grains is tiny, homogeneous microstructure, thereby has improved significantly alloy property.It had both overcome the defect that traditional metallurgical casting process is brought, and can exempt again the multiple working procedures such as the powder process, compacting, sintering of powder smelting, had saved intermediate steps, has reduced production cost shortened the production time than powder metallurgical technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel, its operation is more simply too much than powder metallurgy operation, the operations such as the screening of powder in powder metallurgy, mixed batch, encapsulation, isostatic cool pressing, hot isostatic pressing are omitted, do not need expensive facility investment, and the performance of final material meets or exceeds the Powder High-speed Steels that composition is close, save process costs, reduced the use price of p/m high speed steel, be conducive to being widely used of machinery manufacturing industry.
For achieving the above object, the preparation method of a kind of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel of the present invention, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.5-2.0%, Cr:4.5-5.0%, Mo:4.5-5.5%, W:7.0-7.5%, V:3.0-3.8%, Nb:0.6-1.0%, Ti:0.2-0.5%, Si:0.5-1.0%, Mn:0.1-0.5%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) burden process: the composition according to alloy is prepared burden;
2) melting process: the batching mixing is put into vacuum induction furnace and be heated to above alloy melting point 1700-1750 DEG C, insulation 10-30 minute, make composition and the temperature of rapid steel melt in induction furnace reach uniformity, then rapid steel melt heat temperature raising under protection of inert gas;
3) spray up n.: more than one aluminium alloy crucible is sequentially arranged in above rapid steel melt, high-speed steel alloy liquid in each crucible is in the above 100-200 of liquidus line DEG C insulation, then pour into tundish, tundish melt height is controlled between 150mm-250mm, and the temperature of tundish is higher than rapid steel fusing point 1700-1720 DEG C; Melt is ejected in sediment chamber via the atomizing nozzle of tundish bottom, atomizing pressure 2-3MPa, and atomizing gas is the N of purity > 99.9%
2gas, the molten drop of atomization flies and is deposited on the depositor with 35-45 rev/min of speed rotation, forms multi-gradient material;
4) air cooling operation: it is 50-100mm to the distance of atomizing mouth that rising depositor makes deposit preform, keep simultaneously deposit preform on depositor with the rotation of 40-520 rev/min and keep deposit preform and nozzle between distance constant, after billet surface temperature is lower than 750 DEG C, stop depositor rotation, furnace cooling, obtains rapid steel base substrate;
5) annealing operation: the rapid steel base substrate that reaction-injection moulding is made is heated to 900-950 DEG C, is incubated above rear slow cooling in 10 hours to≤600 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove, speed of cooling≤30K/hr;
6) hot forging process: to 1200-1250 DEG C, initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C by the high-speed steel blank Heating temperature of having annealed, and final forging temperature is 900-950 DEG C;
7) Q-tempering operation: the good rapid steel of forge hot is heated to 1120-1200 DEG C of insulation and quenches after 5-10 minute, 550-600 DEG C of insulation tempering after 1 hour, times of tempering 1-4 time.
Adopt method as above, improved nozzle atomization efficiency and sedimentation effect, realized the continuous production of multilayer materials.Obtaining useful effect is: evenly (mean grain size 0.9-20 μ m), interfacial combined function is better, material recovery rate high (72%-85%) for deposit preform porosity low (2-4%), fine microstructures.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-
A kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.5-1.8%, Cr:4.5-5.0%, Mo:4.5-5.5%, W:7.0-7.5%, V:3.0-3.5%, Nb:0.6-1.0%, Ti:0.2-0.5%, Si:0.5-1.0%, Mn:0.1-0.4%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) burden process: the composition according to alloy is prepared burden;
2) melting process: the batching mixing is put into vacuum induction furnace and be heated to above alloy melting point 1700-1720 DEG C, insulation 10-30 minute, make composition and the temperature of rapid steel melt in induction furnace reach uniformity, then rapid steel melt heat temperature raising under protection of inert gas;
3) spray up n.: more than one aluminium alloy crucible is sequentially arranged in above rapid steel melt, high-speed steel alloy liquid in each crucible is in the above 100-150 of liquidus line DEG C insulation, then pour into tundish, tundish melt height is controlled between 150mm-250mm, and the temperature of tundish is higher than rapid steel fusing point 1700-1720 DEG C; Melt is ejected in sediment chamber via the atomizing nozzle of tundish bottom, atomizing pressure 2-3MPa, and atomizing gas is the N of purity > 99.9%
2gas, the molten drop of atomization flies and is deposited on the depositor with 35-45 rev/min of speed rotation, forms multi-gradient material;
4) air cooling operation: it is 50-100mm to the distance of atomizing mouth that rising depositor makes deposit preform, keep simultaneously deposit preform on depositor with the rotation of 480-520 rev/min and keep deposit preform and nozzle between distance constant, after billet surface temperature is lower than 750 DEG C, stop depositor rotation, furnace cooling, obtains rapid steel base substrate;
5) annealing operation: the rapid steel base substrate that reaction-injection moulding is made is heated to 900-920 DEG C, is incubated above rear slow cooling in 10 hours to≤600 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove, speed of cooling≤30K/hr;
6) hot forging process: to 1200-1250 DEG C, initial forging temperature is 1150-1200 DEG C by the high-speed steel blank Heating temperature of having annealed, and final forging temperature is 900-950 DEG C;
7) Q-tempering operation: the good rapid steel of forge hot is heated to 1150-1200 DEG C of insulation and quenches after 5-10 minute, 550-600 DEG C of insulation tempering after 1 hour, times of tempering 1-4 time.
Embodiment bis-
A kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.5-2.0%, Cr:4.8-5.0%, Mo:4.5-5.5%, W:7.0-7.2%, V:3.0-3.8%, Nb:0.6-1.0%, Ti:0.2-0.4%, Si:0.5-1.0%, Mn:0.1-0.5%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) burden process: the composition according to alloy is prepared burden;
2) melting process: the batching mixing is put into vacuum induction furnace and be heated to above alloy melting point 1700-1750 DEG C, insulation 10-30 minute, make composition and the temperature of rapid steel melt in induction furnace reach uniformity, then rapid steel melt heat temperature raising under protection of inert gas;
3) spray up n.: more than one aluminium alloy crucible is sequentially arranged in above rapid steel melt, high-speed steel alloy liquid in each crucible is in the above 150-200 of liquidus line DEG C insulation, then pour into tundish, tundish melt height is controlled between 150mm-220mm, and the temperature of tundish is higher than rapid steel fusing point 1700-1720 DEG C; Melt is ejected in sediment chamber via the atomizing nozzle of tundish bottom, atomizing pressure 2-3MPa, and atomizing gas is the N of purity > 99.9%
2gas, the molten drop of atomization flies and is deposited on the depositor with 35-45 rev/min of speed rotation, forms multi-gradient material;
4) air cooling operation: it is 50-80mm to the distance of atomizing mouth that rising depositor makes deposit preform, keep simultaneously deposit preform on depositor with the rotation of 480-520 rev/min and keep deposit preform and nozzle between distance constant, after billet surface temperature is lower than 750 DEG C, stop depositor rotation, furnace cooling, obtains rapid steel base substrate;
5) annealing operation: the rapid steel base substrate that reaction-injection moulding is made is heated to 900-950 DEG C, is incubated above rear slow cooling in 10 hours to≤600 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove, speed of cooling≤30K/hr;
6) hot forging process: to 1200-1220 DEG C, initial forging temperature is for being 50-1200 DEG C by the high-speed steel blank Heating temperature of having annealed, and final forging temperature is 900-950 DEG C;
7) Q-tempering operation: the good rapid steel of forge hot is heated to 1120-1200 DEG C of insulation and quenches after 5-10 minute, 550-600 DEG C of insulation tempering after 1 hour, times of tempering 1-4 time.
Embodiment tri-
A kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.5-1.8%, Cr:4.5-4.8%, Mo:4.5-5.5%, W:7.2-7.5%, V:3.4-3.8%, Nb:0.6-1.0%, Ti:0.2-0.5%, Si:0.5-1.0%, Mn:0.1-0.5%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) burden process: the composition according to alloy is prepared burden;
2) melting process: the batching mixing is put into vacuum induction furnace and be heated to above alloy melting point 1720-1750 DEG C, insulation 10-30 minute, make composition and the temperature of rapid steel melt in induction furnace reach uniformity, then rapid steel melt heat temperature raising under protection of inert gas;
3) spray up n.: more than one aluminium alloy crucible is sequentially arranged in above rapid steel melt, high-speed steel alloy liquid in each crucible is in the above 100-180 of liquidus line DEG C insulation, then pour into tundish, tundish melt height is controlled between 150mm-250mm, and the temperature of tundish is higher than rapid steel fusing point 1710-1720 DEG C; Melt is ejected in sediment chamber via the atomizing nozzle of tundish bottom, atomizing pressure 2.5MPa, and atomizing gas is the N of purity > 99.9%
2gas, the molten drop of atomization flies and is deposited on the depositor with 35-45 rev/min of speed rotation, forms multi-gradient material;
4) air cooling operation: it is 50-100mm to the distance of atomizing mouth that rising depositor makes deposit preform, keep simultaneously deposit preform on depositor with the rotation of 480-520 rev/min and keep deposit preform and nozzle between distance constant, after billet surface temperature is lower than 750 DEG C, stop depositor rotation, furnace cooling, obtains rapid steel base substrate;
5) annealing operation: the rapid steel base substrate that reaction-injection moulding is made is heated to 900-950 DEG C, is incubated above rear slow cooling in 10 hours to≤600 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove, speed of cooling≤30K/hr;
6) hot forging process: to 1200-1250 DEG C, initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C by the high-speed steel blank Heating temperature of having annealed, and final forging temperature is 900-950 DEG C;
7) Q-tempering operation: the good rapid steel of forge hot is heated to 1120-1200 DEG C of insulation and quenches after 5-10 minute, 550-600 DEG C of insulation tempering after 1 hour, times of tempering 1-4 time.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel, the chemical composition that it is characterized in that this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.5-2.0%, Cr:4.5-5.0%, Mo:4.5-5.5%, W:7.0-7.5%, V:3.0-3.8%, Nb:0.6-1.0%, Ti:0.2-0.5%, Si:0.5-1.0%, Mn:0.1-0.5%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of preparation method of many gradients of spray up n. rapid steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) burden process: the composition according to alloy is prepared burden;
2) melting process: the batching mixing is put into vacuum induction furnace and be heated to above alloy melting point 1700-1750 DEG C, insulation 10-30 minute, make composition and the temperature of rapid steel melt in induction furnace reach uniformity, then rapid steel melt heat temperature raising under protection of inert gas;
3) spray up n.: more than one aluminium alloy crucible is sequentially arranged in above rapid steel melt, high-speed steel alloy liquid in each crucible is in the above 100-200 of liquidus line DEG C insulation, then pour into tundish, tundish melt height is controlled between 150mm-250mm, and the temperature of tundish is higher than rapid steel fusing point 1700-1720 DEG C; Melt is ejected in sediment chamber via the atomizing nozzle of tundish bottom, atomizing pressure 2-3MPa, and atomizing gas is the N of purity > 99.9%
2gas, the molten drop of atomization flies and is deposited on the depositor with 35-45 rev/min of speed rotation, forms multi-gradient material;
4) air cooling operation: it is 50-100mm to the distance of atomizing mouth that rising depositor makes deposit preform, keep simultaneously deposit preform on depositor with the rotation of 480-520 rev/min and keep deposit preform and nozzle between distance constant, after billet surface temperature is lower than 750 DEG C, stop depositor rotation, furnace cooling, obtains rapid steel base substrate;
5) annealing operation: the rapid steel base substrate that reaction-injection moulding is made is heated to 900-950 DEG C, is incubated above rear slow cooling in 10 hours to≤600 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove, speed of cooling≤30K/hr;
6) hot forging process: to 1200-1250 DEG C, initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C by the high-speed steel blank Heating temperature of having annealed, and final forging temperature is 900-950 DEG C;
7) Q-tempering operation: the good rapid steel of forge hot is heated to 1120-1200 DEG C of insulation and quenches after 5-10 minute, 550-600 DEG C of insulation tempering after 1 hour, times of tempering 1-4 time.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104878301A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-02 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Spray forming high-speed steel |
| CN112639150A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-04-09 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Modified high speed steel particles, powder metallurgy process using same, and sintered parts therefrom |
| CN113118235A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏天工工具有限公司 | Forming method of powder metallurgy high-speed steel |
| CN113913689A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-11 | 天工爱和特钢有限公司 | Jet high-speed steel without annular segregation and with secondary hardening and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114318134A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉钜能科技有限责任公司 | Wear-resistant high-speed steel |
| CN114318135A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉钜能科技有限责任公司 | Wear-resistant high-speed steel |
| CN114619033A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | Multi-scale mixed crystal isomeric aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114769616A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-22 | 上海交通大学 | Alloy composite layer with gradient change of components and preparation method thereof |
| CN116837267A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-10-03 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing precipitation hardening high-speed steel by spray forming process |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104878301A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-02 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Spray forming high-speed steel |
| CN112639150A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-04-09 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Modified high speed steel particles, powder metallurgy process using same, and sintered parts therefrom |
| CN114619033A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | Multi-scale mixed crystal isomeric aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114318134A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉钜能科技有限责任公司 | Wear-resistant high-speed steel |
| CN114318135A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉钜能科技有限责任公司 | Wear-resistant high-speed steel |
| CN113118235A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏天工工具有限公司 | Forming method of powder metallurgy high-speed steel |
| CN113913689A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-11 | 天工爱和特钢有限公司 | Jet high-speed steel without annular segregation and with secondary hardening and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116837267A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-10-03 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing precipitation hardening high-speed steel by spray forming process |
| CN114769616A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-22 | 上海交通大学 | Alloy composite layer with gradient change of components and preparation method thereof |
| CN114769616B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2024-01-19 | 上海交通大学 | Alloy composite layer with gradient components and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |