CN110266191B - Soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter and constant gain control method thereof - Google Patents

Soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter and constant gain control method thereof Download PDF

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CN110266191B
CN110266191B CN201910455676.2A CN201910455676A CN110266191B CN 110266191 B CN110266191 B CN 110266191B CN 201910455676 A CN201910455676 A CN 201910455676A CN 110266191 B CN110266191 B CN 110266191B
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current
resonant
voltage
primary side
mos transistor
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CN110266191A (en
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许国
李丽婷
陈孝莺
粟梅
孙尧
王辉
韩华
刘永露
但汉兵
熊文静
柳张杰
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter and a constant gain control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of switching power supplies in the field of power electronics. The converter of the invention is provided with an added auxiliary inductor (L)1、L2) Make all MOS tubes (Q)1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) Zero voltage switching-on (ZVS) in a full load range is realized, and the switching loss of the system is reduced; and the circulation loss can be reduced under the constant gain control method of the invention, and the transmission efficiency is effectively improved. Because the invention adopts a symmetrical topological structure, the working performance of the converter is the same under a forward and reverse running mode, and under the constant gain control method of the invention, when the energy flow direction changes, the control logic does not need to be replaced, and the natural bidirectional flow of energy can be realized. The input-output voltage ratio of the invention is directly the transformer transformation ratio, and the constant voltage gain characteristic which does not change along with the load is presented.

Description

Soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter and constant gain control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switching power supplies in the field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter and a constant gain control method thereof.
Background
With the increasing problems of energy exhaustion and environmental pollution, the micro-grid system based on renewable energy has been rapidly developed in recent years. The micro-grid system comprises a distributed power generation system consisting of a wind driven generator, a fuel cell and a photovoltaic array, and an energy storage system consisting of a lithium battery pack, power electronic interface equipment and a super capacitor. Wherein the power electronic interface device facilitates the flow and distribution of energy between the power generation system, the energy storage system, and the load. Due to the consideration of bidirectional power flow, voltage matching and safety problems, the bidirectional DC-DC converter can be used as the interface due to the characteristics of soft switching, high power density, high reliability and the like. Whereas in distributed power generation systems the front-end DC-DC converter mainly acts as an isolated low voltage distribution bus for voltage level generation and regulation, therefore the front-end DC-DC converter may be designed as a semi-regulated or non-regulated single output DC-DC converter, called DC-DC transformer (DCX).
Among the bidirectional DC-DC converters, a Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter is receiving a wide attention from experts. A bidirectional series resonant converter has also been developed as a resonant type DAB converter. The topology of a conventional bidirectional series resonant converter is shown in fig. 1. It is usually controlled by a frequency conversion control strategy, however, the converter has the lowest impedance only at the resonance point, the voltage gain is 1, and once the converter is far away from the resonance point, the gain is lower than 1 and there is a large energy circulation, which reduces the transmission efficiency. The primary side fixed frequency shift phase control is also one of the more common control strategies, and the method can not make the voltage gain larger than 1, and meanwhile, a larger phase shift angle can cause larger loop loss. Both methods can not enable the converter to be used as DCX, can not realize natural bidirectional flow of energy, and can not realize soft switching in a full load range due to inconsistent forward and reverse working performances under the topology of the traditional bidirectional series resonant converter.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the soft switch type bidirectional series resonant converter and the constant gain control method thereof disclosed by the invention is to provide a bidirectional series resonant converter with a completely symmetrical topological structure, which can overcome the problem of asymmetrical forward and reverse operation of the traditional bidirectional series resonant converter, and can realize zero voltage switching-on (ZVS) of all MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes in a full load range, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and reliability of the converter.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a constant gain control method for a soft switching bidirectional series resonant converter, which can implement the voltage constant gain function of the converter, and also can reduce the circulating current loss and implement the natural bidirectional flow of energy in the forward and reverse operation modes.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter which comprises a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a switching network, a resonant network, an auxiliary device and an ideal transformer. The turns ratio of an ideal transformer is n: 1, the two switch networks of the primary side and the secondary side are full-bridge networks and are respectively connected with a voltage V1And voltage V2When operating in the forward direction, V1For input voltage, V2Is the output voltage; when working in reverse V2For input voltage, V1Is the output voltage. The primary side and the secondary side are composed of four MOS tubes, and the primary side is Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4The minor side is Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8(ii) a The primary side and the secondary side are both LC series resonance networks, and the primary side resonance inductance is Lr1Resonant capacitance of Cr1The resonant inductance of the secondary side is Lr2Resonant capacitance of Cr2(ii) a The primary side and the secondary side are provided with an inductor as an auxiliary device, and the primary side auxiliary inductor is L1The auxiliary inductance of the secondary side is L2。
The connection relationship is: at the primary side of the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter, a voltage V1The positive electrode of (2) is simultaneously combined with MOS tube Q1And MOS transistor Q3Is connected to the drain of the transistor, voltage V1The cathode of the MOS transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q2And MOS transistor Q4Is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q2Drain electrode of the capacitor and the resonant capacitor Cr1And an auxiliary inductance L1Is connected to one end of a MOS transistor Q3Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q4The drain electrode of the capacitor is simultaneously connected with the auxiliary inductor L1Is connected with the negative pole of the primary side of the transformer, and a resonant capacitor Cr1Another end of (1) and a resonant inductor Lr1Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr1The other end of the anode is connected with the anode of the transformer; at the secondary side of the transformer, the positive pole of the secondary side of the transformer and the resonant inductor Lr2Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr2Another terminal of (1) and a resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the transformer, and the secondary cathode of the transformer is simultaneously connected with the MOS tube Q5Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q6Drain electrode of and auxiliary inductor L2Is connected to an auxiliary inductor L2The other end of the transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q7Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q8Drain electrode of (1) and resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the MOS transistor Q5And MOS transistor Q7Drain electrode of (1) and voltage V2Are connected together, and a MOS tube Q6And MOS transistor Q8Source and voltage V2Are connected with each other.
The control circuit mainly comprises a controller taking a DSP as a core and a drive circuit used for generating a drive signal. Under the control of CPU, complementary PWM driving signal is generated, the driving circuit receives the PWM signal from the controller, and the PWM signal is isolated and voltage-enhanced to be the MOS tube (Q) of the main circuit1、Q2、Q3、 Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) A driving voltage is provided.
Preferably, the MOS transistor (Q)1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) The power switch tube is provided with an anti-parallel body diode and a drain-source electrode parasitic capacitance.
The invention also discloses a constant gain control method for the soft switch type bidirectional series resonant converter, which comprises the following steps:
under the rated load of the forward running mode, the driving signal plus dead time is a half resonant period, and any power MOS (Q) tube1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) When turned off, the resonant current is zero. When the resonant current is zero point changed from negative value to positive value, the primary side MOS tube Q is closed at the same time2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After the first dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously switched on1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a Simultaneously closing the MOS tube Q when the resonant current is a zero point which is changed from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After the second dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8And (4) opening.
Under the rated load of the reverse operation mode, the driving signal plus dead time is a half resonance period, and any power MOS (Q) tube1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) When turned off, the resonant current is zero. When the resonant current is zero point changed from negative value to positive value, the primary side MOS tube Q is closed at the same time2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After the first dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously switched on1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a Simultaneously closing the MOS tube Q when the resonant current is a zero point which is changed from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After the second dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8And (4) opening.
The control method is the same under the forward and reverse modes, so when the energy direction changes, the control logic does not need to be replaced, and the natural bidirectional flow of energy under the forward and reverse operation modes can be realized. Under the control method, the primary side driving signal and the secondary side driving signal have no phase shift angle, the input voltage gain and the output voltage gain are the turn ratio of the transformer, and once the turn ratio is fixed, the voltage gain is unchanged.
The invention discloses a working method for a soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter, which comprises the following steps:
in forward operation, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0Time of day, resonant current ir1Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir1Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L1Current i ofL1Is negative and has a value ratio ir1Large, flow through Q1And Q4Has a current of ir1And iL1Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q1And Q4Body diode of (2), Q1And Q4Clamping to 0, Q1And Q4Turn on for zero voltage; minor edge t0Time ir2Is a negative value, iL2Also negative, flowing through Q6And Q7Current of body diode is ir2And iL2Sum, Q6And Q7The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q6And Q7Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonance current is a sine signal and is at t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6、Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Is discharging at t2When charging and discharging are finished, the sum of the resonant current and the auxiliary current flows to Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3A condition is created by time zero voltage opening; the waveform of the second half period is symmetrical to that of the first half period, and the principle is the same.
Along with the lightening of the load, the phase angle of the resonant current is gradually increased, and the corresponding switch-off is carried out when the current is no longer zeroAnd a MOS tube. However, the peak value of the resonant current is continuously reduced, the auxiliary current is not changed, and when the converter works under the condition of no load, t0And t3I time flow to corresponding MOS body dioder1And iL1Sum of ir2And iL2The larger the sum, the easier ZVS is to implement.
In reverse mode of operation, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0Time of day, resonant current ir2Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir2Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L2Current i ofL2Is negative and has a value ratio ir2Large, flow through Q1And Q4Has a current of ir2And iL2Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q1And Q4Body diode of (2), Q1And Q4Clamping to 0, Q1And Q4Turn on for zero voltage; minor edge t0Time ir1Is a negative value, iL1Also negative, flowing through Q6And Q7Current of body diode is ir1And iL1Sum, Q6And Q7The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q6And Q7Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonance current is a sine signal and is at t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6、 Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Is discharging at t2When charging and discharging are finished, the sum of the resonant current and the auxiliary current flows to Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3The zero voltage turn-on of the time creates conditions. The waveform of the second half period is symmetrical to that of the first half period, and the principle is the same.
When the converter is operated in reverse no-load condition, due to the followingThe load becomes light, the phase angle of the resonant current becomes gradually larger, and the corresponding MOS tube is turned off when the current is no longer zero. However, the peak value of the resonant current is also continuously reduced, while the auxiliary current is constant, t0And t3I time flow to corresponding MOS body dioder1And iL1Sum of ir2And iL2The larger the sum, the easier ZVS is to implement.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention discloses a soft switch type bidirectional series resonant converter topological structure and a constant gain control method thereof, and an added auxiliary inductor (L)1、L2) Make all MOS tubes (Q)1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) Zero voltage switching-on (ZVS) in a full load range is realized, and the switching loss of the system is reduced; and the circulation loss can be reduced under the constant gain control method of the invention, and the transmission efficiency is effectively improved.
2. The invention discloses a soft switch type bidirectional series resonance converter topological structure and a constant gain control method thereof.
3. According to the soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter topological structure and the constant gain control method thereof, under the control mode of the constant gain control method, the input-output voltage ratio of the converter is directly the transformer transformation ratio, and the constant voltage gain characteristic which does not change along with the load is presented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional LC series resonant converter circuit;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of the principal waveforms of the transformer of the present invention operating at rated load;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of the main waveforms of the transformer of the present invention in no-load condition;
FIGS. 4 a-4 c show an example of the present invention at a rated load to no load operating condition t0To t3Wherein: FIG. 4a is the mode [ t ]0-t1]An equivalent circuit diagram of (a); FIG. 4b is the mode [ t ]1-t2]An equivalent circuit diagram of (a); FIG. 4c is the mode [ t ]2-t3]An equivalent circuit diagram of (a).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which also illustrate the technical problems and advantages solved by the technical solutions of the present invention, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way.
The soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter disclosed in the embodiment comprises a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a switching network, a resonant network, auxiliary devices and an ideal transformer as shown in fig. 2. The turns ratio of an ideal transformer is n: 1, two switch networks on the primary side and the secondary side are full-bridge networks and are respectively connected with a voltage V1And voltage V2When operating in the forward direction, V1For input voltage, V2Is the output voltage; when working in reverse V2For input voltage, V1Is the output voltage. All consists of four MOS tubes, the primary side is Q1、Q2、Q3、 Q4The minor side is Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8(ii) a The two resonance networks of the primary side and the secondary side are both LC series resonance networks, and the resonance inductance of the primary side is Lr1Resonant capacitance of Cr1The resonant inductance of the secondary side is Lr2Resonant capacitance of Cr2(ii) a The primary side and the secondary side are provided with an inductor as an auxiliary device, and the primary side auxiliary inductor is L1The auxiliary inductance of the secondary side is L2. The connection relationship is: at the primary side of the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter, a voltage V1The positive electrode of the MOS transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q1And MOS transistor Q3Is connected to the drain of the transistor, voltage V1The cathode of the MOS transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q2And MOS transistor Q4Is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q2Drain electrode of the capacitor and the resonant capacitor Cr1And an auxiliary inductance L1Is connected to one end of a MOS transistor Q3Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q4The drain electrode of the capacitor is simultaneously connected with the auxiliary inductor L1Is connected with the negative pole of the primary side of the transformer, and a resonant capacitor Cr1Another end of (1) and a resonant inductor Lr1Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr1The other end of the anode is connected with the anode of the transformer; at the secondary side of the transformer, the positive pole of the secondary side of the transformer and the resonant inductor Lr2Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr2Another terminal of (1) and a resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the transformer, and the secondary cathode of the transformer is simultaneously connected with the MOS tube Q5Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q6Drain electrode of and auxiliary inductor L2Is connected to an auxiliary inductor L2The other end of the transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q7Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q8Drain electrode of (1) and resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the MOS transistor Q5And MOS transistor Q7Drain electrode of (1) and voltage V2Are connected together, and a MOS tube Q6And MOS transistor Q8Source and voltage V2Are connected with each other. The MOS transistor (Q)1、Q2、Q3、Q4、 Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) The power switch tube is provided with a body diode and a drain source electrode which are connected in anti-parallel.
As shown in FIG. 2, V1Representing the input voltage in forward operation or the output voltage in reverse operation, with a corresponding current i1，V2Representing the output voltage in forward operation or the input voltage in reverse operation, with a corresponding current i2(ii) a Flows through the primary and secondary resonant inductors Lr1、Lr2Respectively is ir1、ir2(ii) a Through auxiliary inductor L1And L2Respectively is iL1、iL2(ii) a Primary and secondary side resonance capacitor Cr1、Cr2The voltages at both ends are respectively uc1、uc2(ii) a The corresponding driving signals of the MOS tubes are respectively Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8；uds1、uds2、uds3、uds4、 uds5、uds6、uds7、uds8The voltage is the back voltage of the corresponding MOS transistor.
The working method for the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter disclosed by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
under the rated load of the forward operation mode, the driving signal plus the dead time is a half resonance period, and when any power switch tube is closed, the resonance current is zero. When the resonant current is zero point changed from negative value to positive value, the primary side MOS tube Q is closed at the same time2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After a proper dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is switched on simultaneously1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a Simultaneously closing the MOS tube Q when the resonant current is a zero point which is changed from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After a dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8And (4) opening.
Under the rated load of the reverse operation mode, the driving signal plus dead time is a half resonance period, and any power MOS (Q) tube1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) When turned off, the resonant current is zero. When the resonant current is zero point changed from negative value to positive value, the primary side MOS tube Q is closed at the same time2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After the first dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously switched on1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a Simultaneously closing the MOS tube Q when the resonant current is a zero point which is changed from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After the second dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8And (4) opening.
The working method for the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter disclosed by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
taking forward operation as an example, as shown in FIG. 3a, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0Time of day, resonant current ir1Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir1Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L1Current i ofL1Is negative and has a value ratio ir1Large, flow through Q1And Q4Has a current of ir1And iL1Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q1And Q4Body diode of (2), Q1And Q4Clamping to 0, Q1And Q4Turn on for zero voltage; minor edge t0Time ir2Is a negative value, iL2Also negative, flowing through Q6And Q7Current of body diode is ir2And iL2Sum, Q6And Q7The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q6And Q7Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonance current is a sine signal and is at t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6、Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8The charging and discharging time of the primary and secondary side junction capacitors can be different according to different parameters when the junction capacitors are discharged, and the charging and discharging time is the same in the embodiment and is t2When charging and discharging are finished, the sum of the resonant current and the auxiliary current flows to Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3The zero voltage turn-on of the time creates conditions. The corresponding equivalent circuit diagrams are shown in fig. 4 a-4 c. The waveform of the second half period is symmetrical to that of the first half period, and the principle is the same.
In FIG. 3b, the converter is shown operating atUnder no load conditions. As the load becomes lighter, the phase angle of the resonant current becomes larger gradually, and the corresponding MOS tube is turned off when the current is no longer zero. However, the peak-to-peak value of the resonant current is also reduced continuously, the auxiliary current is not changed, t0And t3I time flow to corresponding MOS body dioder1And iL1Sum of ir2And iL2The larger the sum, the easier ZVS is to implement.
In reverse mode of operation, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0Time of day, resonant current ir2Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir2Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L2Current i ofL2Is negative and has a value ratio ir2Large, flow through Q1And Q4Has a current of ir2And iL2Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q1And Q4Body diode of (2), Q1And Q4Clamping to 0, Q1And Q4Turn on for zero voltage; minor edge t0Time ir1Is a negative value, iL1Also negative, flowing through Q6And Q7Current of body diode is ir1And iL1Sum, Q6And Q7The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q6And Q7Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonance current is a sine signal and is at t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6、 Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Is discharging at t2When charging and discharging are finished, the sum of the resonant current and the auxiliary current flows to Q2、Q3、Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3The zero voltage turn-on of the time creates conditions. The corresponding equivalent circuit diagrams are shown in fig. 4 a-4 c. The second half cycle waveform and the first half cycleThe phase waveform is symmetrical, and the principle is the same.
When the converter works under the condition of reverse no-load, the phase angle of the resonant current is gradually increased along with the lightening of the load, and the corresponding MOS tube is switched off when the current is no longer zero. However, the peak-to-peak value of the resonant current is also reduced continuously, the auxiliary current is not changed, t0And t3I time flow to corresponding MOS body dioder1And iL1Sum of ir2And iL2The larger the sum, the easier ZVS is to implement.
In summary, the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter disclosed in this embodiment has a symmetrical topology structure, consistent working performance in forward and reverse operation, and an added auxiliary inductor (L)1、L2) Providing an auxiliary current (i)L1、 iL2) Make all MOS tubes (Q)1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8) Zero voltage switching-on (ZVS) in a full load range is realized, and the switching loss of the system is reduced; under the constant gain control method provided by the embodiment, the converter has constant voltage gain characteristics, reduces circulating current loss, does not need to replace control logic when the energy flow direction changes, can realize natural bidirectional flow of energy, and effectively improves the transmission efficiency and reliability of the converter.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter is characterized in that: the circuit comprises a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a switch network, a resonance network, an auxiliary device and an ideal transformer; the turns ratio of an ideal transformer is n: 1, the two switch networks of the primary side and the secondary side are bothA full bridge network connected to the voltage V1And voltage V2When operating in the forward direction, V1For input voltage, V2Is the output voltage; when working in reverse V2For input voltage, V1Is the output voltage; the primary side and the secondary side of the switch network are composed of four MOS tubes, and the four MOS tubes on the primary side are Q1、Q2、Q3And Q4And the four MOS tubes on the secondary side are Q5、Q6、Q7And Q8(ii) a The primary side and the secondary side are both LC series resonance networks, and the primary side resonance inductance is Lr1Resonant capacitance of Cr1The resonant inductance of the secondary side is Lr2Resonant capacitance of Cr2(ii) a The primary side and the secondary side are provided with an inductor as an auxiliary device, and the primary side auxiliary inductor is L1The auxiliary inductance of the secondary side is L2；
At the primary side of the soft-switching bidirectional series resonant converter, a voltage V1The positive electrode of the MOS transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q1And Q3Is connected to the drain of the transistor, voltage V1The cathode of the MOS transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q2And Q4Is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1Source and Q of2Drain electrode of the capacitor and the resonant capacitor Cr1And an auxiliary inductance L1Is connected to one end of a MOS transistor Q3Source and Q of4The drain electrode of the capacitor is simultaneously connected with the auxiliary inductor L1Is connected with the negative pole of the primary side of the transformer, and a resonant capacitor Cr1Another end of (1) and a resonant inductor Lr1Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr1The other end of the positive pole is connected with the positive pole of the primary side of the transformer; at the secondary side of the transformer, the positive pole of the secondary side of the transformer and the resonant inductor Lr2Are connected to one end of a resonant inductor Lr2Another terminal of (1) and a resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the transformer, and the secondary cathode of the transformer is simultaneously connected with the MOS tube Q5Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q6Drain electrode of and auxiliary inductor L2Is connected to an auxiliary inductor L2The other end of the transistor is simultaneously connected with the MOS transistor Q7Source electrode of and MOS transistor Q8Drain electrode of (1) and resonant capacitor Cr2Is connected with the other end of the MOS transistor Q5And Q7Drain electrode of (1) and voltage V2Is turning toElectrodes are connected together, MOS tube Q6And Q8Source and voltage V2The negative electrodes are connected;
the working method for the soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter comprises the following steps:
in forward operation, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0At all times, flows through the primary resonant inductor Lr1Resonant current i ofr1Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir1Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L1Current i ofL1Is negative and has a value ratio ir1Large, flow through Q1And Q4Has a current of ir1And iL1Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q1And Q4Body diode of (2), Q1And Q4Clamping to 0, Q1And Q4Turn on for zero voltage; minor edge t0Time-current through secondary side resonance inductor Lr2Resonant current i ofr2Is negative, auxiliary inductance L2Current i ofL2Also negative, flowing through Q6And Q7Current of body diode is ir2And iL2Sum, Q6And Q7The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q6And Q7Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonant current is a sinusoidal signal, ir2At t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6And Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5And Q8Is discharging at t2When charging and discharging are finished, the resonant current ir1And an auxiliary current iL1The sum of them flows to Q2、Q3Of the body diode, resonant current ir2And an auxiliary current iL2The sum of them flows to Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3A condition is created by time zero voltage opening; second half cycle waveThe shape is symmetrical to the waveform of the first half period, and the principle is the same;
in reverse mode of operation, when the converter is operating at rated load, at t0At any moment, the resonant current i on the secondary side resonant inductorr2Is positive, the primary side MOS tube Q1And Q4And corresponding secondary side MOS tube Q6And Q7Is simultaneously on although ir2Is positive, but the auxiliary inductance L2Current i ofL2Is negative and has a value ratio ir2Large, flow through Q6And Q7Has a current of ir2And iL2Sum so that sufficient current flows through Q6And Q7Body diode of (2), Q6And Q7Clamping to 0, Q6And Q7Turn on for zero voltage; primary side t0Time-current through primary side resonance inductor Lr1Current i ofr1Is negative, auxiliary inductance L1Current i ofL1Also negative, flowing through Q1And Q4Current of body diode is ir1And iL1Sum, Q1And Q4The voltage across the terminals is clamped to 0 to make Q1And Q4Realizing zero voltage switching-on; the resonant current is a sinusoidal signal, ir1At t1Time reaches zero, MOS tube Q1And Q4And Q6And Q7And simultaneously turning off, wherein the junction capacitances of all the MOS tubes on the primary side and the secondary side are correspondingly charged and discharged, and Q is1、Q4、Q6And Q7In the charging of the junction capacitor, Q2、Q3、Q5And Q8Is discharging at t2When charging and discharging are finished, the resonant current ir1And an auxiliary current iL1The sum of them flows to Q2、Q3Of the body diode, resonant current ir2And an auxiliary current iL2The sum of them flows to Q5、Q8Clamping the voltage to zero, such that it is at t3A condition is created by time zero voltage opening; the waveform of the second half period is symmetrical to that of the first half period, and the principle is the same.
2. The method of claim 1A soft switching type bidirectional series resonant converter is characterized in that: the control circuit is composed of a controller taking a DSP as a core and a drive circuit used for generating a drive signal; under the control of CPU, complementary PWM driving signal is generated, the driving circuit receives the PWM signal from the controller, and the PWM signal is isolated and voltage-enhanced to form MOS transistor Q of the main circuit1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7And Q8A driving voltage is provided.
3. A soft-switched bidirectional series resonant converter as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the MOS transistor Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7And Q8The power switch tube is provided with an anti-parallel body diode and a drain-source electrode parasitic capacitance.
4. A constant gain control method for a soft-switching type bidirectional series resonant converter, for controlling a soft-switching type bidirectional series resonant converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: under the rated load of the forward operation mode, any power MOS tube Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7And Q8When the circuit is closed, the resonant current of the primary side and the secondary side is zero; when primary side resonant current ir1The primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously closed when the zero point is changed from a negative value to a positive value2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After the first dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously switched on1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a When primary side resonant current ir1For simultaneously closing the MOS transistor Q at the zero point of changing from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After the second dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8Opening;
rated negative in reverse mode of operationUnder load, any one power MOS transistor Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7And Q8When the circuit is closed, the primary side resonance current is zero; when secondary side resonant current ir2The primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously closed when the zero point is changed from a negative value to a positive value2And Q3And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q5And Q8After the first dead time, the primary side MOS tube Q is simultaneously switched on1And Q4And the corresponding secondary MOS transistor Q6And Q7(ii) a When secondary side resonant current ir2For simultaneously closing the MOS transistor Q at the zero point of changing from a positive value to a negative value1And Q4And Q6And Q7After the second dead time, the MOS transistor Q is simultaneously connected2And Q3And Q5And Q8And (4) opening.
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