CN110264660A - A kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system - Google Patents
A kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110264660A CN110264660A CN201910623691.3A CN201910623691A CN110264660A CN 110264660 A CN110264660 A CN 110264660A CN 201910623691 A CN201910623691 A CN 201910623691A CN 110264660 A CN110264660 A CN 110264660A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
Abstract
Technical solution of the present invention discloses a kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system, comprising: temperature sensor, output end are connect with signal processor；Fire alarm control unit, input terminal are connect with signal processor；Intelligent cloud platform, connect with signal processor and fire alarm control unit；Air velocity transducer, output end are connect with intelligent cloud platform；Monitor supervision platform is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for showing the information obtained by intelligent cloud platform processes；Mobile terminal is connect with intelligent cloud platform.The temperature sensor in tunnel is monitored in real time by using intelligent cloud platform, it is convenient to obtain real-time information in any place.The not only temperature in detectable tunnel, the air speed data in tunnel can also be acquired, and data model is established by intelligent cloud platform, merge intelligent algorithm, depth self study, the key factor of fire source of eliminating the effects of the act positioning is accurately positioned the position that fire occurs, provides reliable data source for automatic fire extinguishing system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire monitoring technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detection
System.
Background technique
Fire probe system with optical fiber and grating sensing temperature has been widely used in automatic fire detection system, especially
Such as long and narrow space: tunnel, pipe gallery occasion.But since traditional check system is easy construction only for space and applies
If characteristic carried out continuous improvement, and importance of the heat-detection system in terms of monitoring is ignored, so as to cause supervising
Control is inconvenient, and maintenance cost is high, or even in bad repair with age and lead to systemic breakdown, brings fire hazard to people's life.To solve
The above-mentioned defects caused by the prior art, the product that we provide are made that important breakthrough in system structure, effectively solve
Certainly posed problems above.
Optical fiber and grating sensing temperature detection system similar at present is mainly by grating sensor, transmission fiber, signal processor, intelligence
It can cloud platform and fire alarm control unit composition.
Every fiber grating link is formed by connecting by multiple grating sensors arranged side by side by transmission fiber.Grating sensing
Device is fixed in grating protective shell by sensor protection shell, rivet pressing structure and anchor head structure composition, fiber-optic grating sensor, sensing
Device protective shell surface is equipped with anchor head structure, and hook thorn is provided in anchor head structure, and transmission fiber is fixed on grating by rivet pressing structure
The both ends of sensor protection shell.Transmission fiber is the multimode light with fire proofing firbre layer, fire-resistant waterproof layer of PVC and stainless steel flexible hose
Fibre, protective performance are high.Transmission fiber is connected to fire alarm control unit, can be by way of communication in monitoring center fire alarm monitoring
The real time temperature of each sensor and alarm, failure shape on fiber grating detecting link are monitored on platform and fire alarm control unit
State.
But current optical fiber and grating sensing temperature detection system can usually encounter following two problem when applying in tunnel: 1, supervising
It controls platform to be arranged in monitoring center, once failure occurs in the detecting link for being mounted on tunnel top, maintenance personnel need to monitored
Center is checked and has recorded the position of fault point and checked again to fault point.2, when having vehicle pass-through in tunnel, tunnel is had
Wind, the essence of each fiber-optic grating sensor are to detect the variation of temperature in fire, and the Piston Action Wind in tunnel is unfavorable for accurately fixed
The position of position fire origin, cause it is many at present only with line type temperature-sensitive system as fire detection means tunnel operation control center not
Its location information can be used as the location data of automatic fire extinguishing system (such as water spray), when optical fiber and grating sensing temperature system detects
When fire, it is also necessary to position fire source by preventing road monitoring system, then implement to put out a fire manually, delay attack time, cause safety
Hidden danger.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being the position that existing tunnel fire detection system can not be accurately positioned fire source, prolong
Accidentally attack time, causes security risk.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire spy
Examining system, wherein include:
Temperature sensor, output end are connect with signal processor, for examining to the site environment temperature in tunnel
It surveys, and the real time temperature information that will test is sent to signal processor and is handled；
Fire alarm control unit, input terminal are connect with signal processor, for receiving the fire alarm of signal processor transmission
Signal simultaneously issues alarm of fire；
Intelligent cloud platform, connect with signal processor and fire alarm control unit, for receiving signal processor transmission
Real time temperature information and the fire alarm of fire alarm control unit transmission are simultaneously handled；
Air velocity transducer, output end is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for examining the site environment wind speed in tunnel
It surveys, and the real-time wind speed information that will test is sent to intelligent cloud platform and is handled；
Monitor supervision platform is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for showing the information obtained by intelligent cloud platform processes；
Mobile terminal is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for receiving the information of intelligent cloud platform push.
Optionally, the step of real time temperature information, the real-time wind speed information that intelligent cloud platform docking receives are handled packet
Analysis, modeling and calculating are included, and show that position occurs for accurate fire.
Optionally, fire alarm control unit is connected to linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus, and position is occurred for accurate fire by intelligent cloud platform
Information is sent to fire alarm control unit, and to fire position, which occurs, for fire alarm control unit control linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus carries out accurately
Fire extinguishing.
Optionally, intelligent cloud platform hair while accurate fire generation location information is sent to fire alarm control unit
It send to monitor supervision platform and mobile terminal.
Optionally, mobile terminal includes special rescuing information receiving device, mobile phone, PAD, computer.
Optionally, temperature sensor is optical fiber and grating sensing temperature detector.
Optionally, signal processor is fiber Bragg grating signal processor.
Optionally, the information that mobile end subscriber is received according to different administration authorities is different.
The beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
Accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the invention is by using intelligent cloud platform in tunnel
Temperature sensor is monitored in real time, convenient to obtain real-time information in any place.Accurate positioning intelligent of the invention simultaneously
The fiber grating fire detecting system not only temperature in detectable tunnel, can also acquire the air speed data in tunnel, and pass through intelligence
Can cloud platform establish data model, merge intelligent algorithm, depth self study, the key factor of fire source of eliminating the effects of the act positioning, accurately
The position that fire occurs is positioned, provides reliable data source for automatic fire extinguishing system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fiber grating in accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of optic fiber grating wavelength and temperature (strain)；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of temperature sensor in accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but not as the limitation of the invention.
It is shown in Figure 1, a kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of embodiment is shown,
In, comprising:
Temperature sensor, output end are connect with signal processor, for examining to the site environment temperature in tunnel
It surveys, and the real time temperature information that will test is sent to signal processor and is handled；
Fire alarm control unit, input terminal are connect with signal processor, for receiving the fire alarm of signal processor transmission
Signal simultaneously issues alarm of fire；
Intelligent cloud platform, connect with signal processor and fire alarm control unit, for receiving signal processor transmission
Real time temperature information and the fire alarm of fire alarm control unit transmission are simultaneously handled；
Air velocity transducer, output end is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for examining the site environment wind speed in tunnel
It surveys, and the real-time wind speed information that will test is sent to intelligent cloud platform and is handled；
Monitor supervision platform is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for showing the information obtained by intelligent cloud platform processes；
Mobile terminal is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for receiving the information of intelligent cloud platform push.
In the present embodiment, intelligent cloud platform docks the step that real time temperature information, the real-time wind speed information received is handled
Rapid includes analysis, modeling and calculating, and show that position occurs for accurate fire.
In the present embodiment, fire alarm control unit is connected to linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus, and accurate fire occurs intelligent cloud platform
Location information is sent to fire alarm control unit, and to fire position, which occurs, for fire alarm control unit control linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus carries out
Precise fire extinguishing.
In the present embodiment, accurate fire generation location information is being sent to the same of fire alarm control unit by intelligent cloud platform
When be sent to monitor supervision platform and mobile terminal.
In the present embodiment, mobile terminal includes special rescuing information receiving device, mobile phone, PAD, computer.
In the present embodiment, temperature sensor is optical fiber and grating sensing temperature detector.
In the present embodiment, signal processor is fiber Bragg grating signal processor.
In the present embodiment, mobile end subscriber is different according to the information that different administration authorities receive.
Characteristic and function of the invention are further recognized according to the following instructions.
In the present invention, the temperature signal at tunnel scene is transmitted to signal processing by the Optical grate detector of fiber grating chain road
Fire alarm information is obtained through analysis after device, and is transferred to tunnel fire hazard alarm controller host by way of communication.Simultaneously
Alarm signal and real-time in-situ temperature information can be stored to the cloud platform of monitoring center, and be shown on monitor supervision platform.Cloud platform
Wind speed information in tunnel is acquired simultaneously, according to collection in worksite each side data, scene modeling is carried out to site environment, intelligence is imported and calculates
Method calculates the accurate location of point of origin.
It is the major function explanation of specific each component below.
Temperature sensor: it is completed by the Optical grate detector on the fiber grating detecting link in tunnel, passes through transmission fiber
It is transferred to signal processor.
Signal processor: the processor of fiber grating signal, as the administrative unit of fiber grating link, having can be connected
The interface of fiber grating detecting link, can Real time displaying real time temperature, be arranged alarm threshold value, collection in worksite temperature be more than warning level
Value issues fire alarm, and fire alarm is transferred to fire alarm control unit by way of communication, while by collection in worksite
Real time temperature is synchronized to intelligent cloud platform.
Fire alarm control unit: the control unit of fire alarm signal not only has warning function, moreover it is possible to which control linkage is set
Standby, to occur to evacuate after fire, fire extinguishing provides automatic control scheme, after the fire alarm for receiving signal processor, generation sound, light
Alarm song, while relevant interlocking equipment is started according to the logic of inside setting and realizes self-extinguishing.
Air velocity transducer: applying advanced sensing equipment, and collection site wind speed information provides foundation for positioning fire location.
Intelligent cloud platform: according to collection in worksite data, intelligent data analysis is carried out, establishes model of place, imports intelligence
Algorithm is obtained closest to true data, while feeding back precise fire extinguishing location information to fire alarm control unit, by fire alarm
Controller issues linkage control signal according to customized logic, realizes precisely fire extinguishing.
Monitor supervision platform: as the display platform of monitoring center, all kinds of precise results obtained by intelligent cloud platform can be shown.
Mobile terminal: according to user management permission, it can receive the various information of intelligent cloud platform push.
Fiber grating line type temperature-sensitive detection system is classified as line type temperature-sensitive type detection system in fire alarm system.By
It is together in parallel in Optical grate detector using transmission fiber, thus becomes line style detector, it, need to be by a whole optical fiber when installation
Light grating link is installed simultaneously, and length is 200 meters or so (can also be according to project demands customized lengths), and the position installed is in tunnel
The top in road, difficulty of construction is larger, and may cause influence in the alarm length range without detection and hidden when maintenance conditions
Suffer from.The scheme of the scheme of point-type flame detector in tunnel and point-type image detector at present is point-type equipment, equipment peace
The detector of the point is only influenced when dress or maintenance, and on other detecting devices in detection system without influence, caused by maintenance
Fire risk only has 50~100 meters, much comparatively safe.
Fiber grating line type temperature-sensitive detection system due to its essence be detect fire occur when tunnel in temperature variation, when
Will cause the position that fire actually occurs and the position being detected by the detector when wind speed is larger in tunnel has deviation, thus can not
Achieve the purpose that precisely to put out a fire.And image-type fire detecting system can be to the fire feelings in tunnel with visual detection means
Condition real time monitoring, once fire, which occurs, can reach to the accurate purpose of live fire locating, can be made due to visual interface
For the locality condition of self-extinguishing.
Fiber grating essence is one section of periodically variable optical fiber of fiber core refractive index, and length generally only has 10mm or so.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, when a beam of broad spectrum light λ (incident light spectrum in such as figure) passes through optical fiber Bragg raster, by optical grating reflection Hui Yidan
Coloured light λ B (reflectance spectrum in such as figure), is equivalent to the reflecting mirror of a narrowband.The central wavelength lambda B of reflected light and the folding of grating
It is related with fibre core effective refractive index neff to penetrate rate period of change Λ.When temperature around fiber grating changes, it will lead to
Grating period A and effective core refractive index neff generate variation, to generate the wave length shift Δ λ B of grating Bragg signal, lead to
The situation of change for crossing monitoring Bragg wavelength X B, can be obtained the changing condition of fiber grating ambient temperature on measuring point.It is not being answered
In the case where change, the relationship of optic fiber grating wavelength drift delta λ B and temperature is as follows:
Wherein: α be optical fiber thermal expansion coefficient, generally 0.55 × 10-6/ DEG C；
ξ is the thermo-optical coeffecient of fiber grating, about 6.3 × 10-6/ DEG C under room temperature；
Δ T is temperature change.
So the variation of fiber grating Bragg wavelength and the variation of environment temperature change linearly relationship (such as Fig. 3 institute
Show), about 10nm/ DEG C, pass through detection fiber grating Bragg wavelength, so that it may measure environment temperature.
Traditional fiber grating line-type heat detector mainly includes transducing part (probe), transmission fiber and optical fiber
Grating demodulation instrument (signal processor) three parts, as shown in Figure 4.Since fiber grating can be fabricated to different middle cardiac waves
It is long, therefore multiple gratings are serially connected in formation distributed temperature measurements system in same optical path in which can be convenient.Due to optical fiber light
Each detector of grid line sensing fire detector has distinguished central wavelength therefore referred to as independent grating temperature
Measuring system (is different from entirely with grating temperature measurement system).
Bare engine module in fiber Bragg grating signal processor is by light source couples to field optical fibers grating sensor, field optical fibers
Each central wavelength that grating sensor is reflected is reflected back bare engine module again, and then measures each grating institute by wavelength detecting unit
The central wavelength value of reflection, thus calculates the temperature of each probe.
Fiber-optic grating sensor has the advantage that
Not by the interference of electromagnetic field, electrical insulating property is good, the adverse circumstances such as humidity resistance to chemical attack；
Light weight, it is small in size, it is small on structure influence, it is easy to arrange；
Both a measurement may be implemented, can also realize multiple spot distributed measurement by way of concatenation；
Detected level is wavelength information, therefore is not influenced by factors such as splicing loss, optical path losses, unwise to environmental disturbances
Sense；
Signal decaying is small, it can be achieved that long range measuring point Centralized Monitoring in unit length；
High sensitivity, precision are high；
Wavelength is mobile to have good linear relationship with temperature.
So line-type heat detector has following evident characteristic compared with other all kinds of line type fire detectors:
Response time is fast: at most scene of fire, when the average response of fiber grating fire alarm system
Between less than 30 seconds, have apparent sensitivity advantage；
Precision is high: for the thermometric resolution ratio of fiber grating fire alarm system up to 0.1 DEG C, it is fixed to meet difference up to 1 DEG C for precision
The needs of temperature alarm.
Detector construction is convenient: by the detector of enhanced sensitivity treated fiber grating, while ensure that enough machinery
Intensity and detectivity；
Alarm registration: the absolute precision of alarm point is high, and not by the limit of the indexs such as temperature measurement accuracy and response time
System.
Accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system component part of the invention can also include: transmission fiber
(multifiber cable), main function is the carrier for transmitting optical signal, and connects optical fiber grating temperature-measuring fire detection link and optical fiber
Electromechanical converter.(place of no gantry carries out poling protection) is placed along gantry to data collection station；Wirerope, optical cable branch
Frame and bolster, main function are that optical fiber grating temperature-measuring fire detection link and transmission cable are fixed on gantry along cable duct
On；Fused fiber splice packet and optical fiber terminal box, main function are as follows: connect optical fiber grating temperature-measuring fire detection link and transmission fiber
It connects, and protects tie point.
The present invention carries out to solve the deficiency that application of the fiber optic sensing technology in tunnel is encountered in existing design
New innovation changes.It can be by different data-pushings to not at the same level according to user authority management grade using intelligent cloud platform
Other crowd.Such as: real time temperature information being pushed to relevant person in charge, live real-time condition realizes real time monitoring；It will need to safeguard
The data-pushing of equipment can obtain each grating in tunnel inner fiber grating chain road to the mobile terminal of maintenance personnel by mobile terminal
The malfunction and location information of sensing point maintain easily personnel in mobile terminal real time inspection equipment state and position, no longer need to
It is secondary to record faulty equipment position to monitoring center, maintenance time is saved, person works' efficiency is improved.
It is asked in addition, the present invention to fire source positioning causes that self-extinguishing region can not be positioned for the natural wind speed in tunnel
Topic carries wind speed Detection Techniques on fiber grating chain road, according to Real-time Monitoring Data, compares real time temperature monitoring situation, leads to
It crosses intelligent cloud platform and carries out data analysis, scene modeling is carried out to statistical data, merges the intelligent algorithm of artificial intelligence, depth
It practises, compensates deviation automatically, be accurately positioned the position and region that need to start self-extinguishing, provided accurately for fire alarm control unit
Fire extinguishing trigger signal, starting interlocking equipment carry out self-extinguishing.Without manually confirming region on fire, go out for early stage in tunnel
Fire provides faster response scheme.
The working principle of the accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the present embodiment is as follows:
Collection in worksite data first: according to system practical application scene, to temperature, the wind speed information under current application scene
By the way of real-time acquisition and internet acquisition, by data storage and data processing, realize that data can on monitor supervision platform
Depending on changing.
Then model: this system is to reach the demand of precise positioning fire source, is counted to collection in worksite data and its connection
According to analysis, the overall logic structural model in tunnel under application scenarios is formed, and real time data is borrowed constantly to adjust model structure, root
Application scenarios in tunnel and temperature-sensing system are closed to data, access and performance according to application requirement according to logic data model
Connection gets up, and forms Physical data model.To set up from conceptual model to logical model finally to the complete knot of physical model
Structure, to meet this system in the practical application request of tunnel scene.
Then cloud computing and depth self study: according to application feelings of the fiber-optic grating sensor traditional at present in tunnel
Condition, under conditions of having wind, tunnel top Temperature Distribution deviates considerably from symmetric form and temperature rise speed is slow, thus is difficult occurring
When fire, reaches fixed temperature alarm threshold value at the appointed time, while also having inhibiting effect to differential temperature detection, delayed fire generation
When detector response time, bring hidden danger to tunnel hazard prevention.And tunnel automatic fire extinguishing system is usually in the first of fire generation
Phase can effectively play a role, so being activated early automatic fire extinguishing system becomes the key effectively put out a fire.
Finally according to tunnel wind speed and the distribution curve of temperature increment and position deviation it is found that tunnel top fiber grating
Sensor detects temperature, and there are certain curved line relations with wind speed, according to the functional relation, custom algorithm, by tunnel wind speed and light
The real time temperature being distributed in the tunnel that grid detect combines, for judging the accurate location of fire origin.Every test is primary, can
According to record data point reuse measured deviation, automatic deviation correction adjusts mathematical model in real time, and amount of test data is bigger, obtains sample and gets over
More, output bias will be smaller, and by the algorithm of neural network, multi-layer analysis, correction, deep learning reach and precisely detects
Purpose.
It is worth noting that, in the accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system of the present embodiment, it is preferable that optical fiber
Grating detecting link (temperature sensor) model selects TSG-D；Signal processor is TSG-7 series grating signal processing host；
Anemobiagraph model is FA01 vane type air velocity transducer, and light structure, degree of protection is high, is suitable for tunnel environment, is had logical
Real time data can be transmitted to data platform by communication interface by way of communication, and measurement range is wide, and measurement accuracy is high；Fire report
Alert controller model is EST3；Intelligent cloud platform uses Ali's cloud.
The above is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the implementation manners and the protection scope of the present invention, right
For those skilled in the art, it should can appreciate that and all replace with being equal made by description of the invention and diagramatic content
It changes and obviously changes obtained scheme, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system characterized by comprising
Temperature sensor, output end are connect with signal processor, for being detected to the site environment temperature in tunnel, and
The real time temperature information that will test is sent to signal processor and is handled；
Fire alarm control unit, input terminal are connect with signal processor, for receiving the fire alarm of signal processor transmission
And issue alarm of fire；
Intelligent cloud platform, connect with signal processor and fire alarm control unit, for receiving the real-time of signal processor transmission
Temperature information and the fire alarm of fire alarm control unit transmission are simultaneously handled；
Air velocity transducer, output end is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for the site environment wind speed in tunnel to be detected, and
The real-time wind speed information that will test is sent to intelligent cloud platform and is handled；
Monitor supervision platform is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for showing the information obtained by intelligent cloud platform processes；
Mobile terminal is connect with intelligent cloud platform, for receiving the information of intelligent cloud platform push.
2. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that intelligent cloud is flat
The step of platform handles the real time temperature information, the real-time wind speed information that receive includes analysis, modeling and calculates, and is obtained
Position occurs for accurate fire.
3. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that fire alarm
Controller is connected to linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus, and accurate fire generation location information is sent to fire alarming and controlling by intelligent cloud platform
Device, fire alarm control unit control linkage fire-extinguishing apparatus occur position to accurate fire and put out a fire.
4. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that intelligent cloud is flat
Platform is sent to monitor supervision platform and mobile terminal while accurate fire generation location information is sent to fire alarm control unit.
5. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that mobile terminal packet
Include special rescuing information receiving device, mobile phone, PAD, computer.
6. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that temperature sensing
Device is optical fiber and grating sensing temperature detector.
7. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that signal processing
Device is fiber Bragg grating signal processor.
8. accurate positioning intelligent fiber grating fire detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use mobile terminal
Family is different according to the information that different administration authorities receive.
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