CN110261964A - 一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头 - Google Patents

一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头 Download PDF

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CN110261964A
CN110261964A CN201910584804.3A CN201910584804A CN110261964A CN 110261964 A CN110261964 A CN 110261964A CN 201910584804 A CN201910584804 A CN 201910584804A CN 110261964 A CN110261964 A CN 110261964A
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GUO JIAN CENTER SHENZHEN JEWELRY INSPECTION LABORATORY Co.,Ltd.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
    • G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
    • G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
    • G01D5/35364—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
    • G01D5/35374—Particular layout of the fiber
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，该光纤头包括纤芯和贵金属颗粒，在靠近所述纤芯的头部、在所述纤芯的侧面设有凹槽，所述贵金属颗粒置于所述凹槽的侧面和底部。当用于分子检测时，分子的拉曼信号能够被反射到光纤内部，沿光纤传递给接收端。与通常的光纤头相比，拉曼信号能够更多地收集到光纤内部，所以提高了检测极限。

Description

一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头
技术领域
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，具体涉及一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头。
背景技术
拉曼散射是光照射到物质上发生的非弹性碰撞所引起的光散射。当光子与物质分子发生能量交换后，不仅改变了光的传播方向，而且光的部分能量传递给物质分子，从而改变光子的能量，也就是改变了光子的频率。拉曼光谱的频移、线宽、线形、强度等与分子信息密切相关，所以拉曼光谱成为分析及探测分子的重要手段。表面增强拉曼散射是在普通拉曼散射的基础上发展起来的技术：当分子置于贵金属微纳结构上时，其拉曼信号被及大地增强了。所以，表面增强拉曼散射提高了检测极限，成为重要的检测手段。光纤拉曼光谱仪因为其具有体积小、成本低等优点备受关注。光纤拉曼光谱仪的原理是：激光光源经透镜的聚焦后进入光纤，激发光沿光纤传播到光纤探头，在光纤探头与样品作用后产生拉曼散射信号，再经拉曼探针收集拉曼散射光。为了增强分子的拉曼信号，在光纤探头往往设置贵金属颗粒，以便于形成表面增强拉曼散射效应，提高探测极限。但是，光纤拉曼光谱仪中，拉曼散射信号的收集效率低，影响了探测极限。
发明内容
为提高光纤拉曼光谱仪中拉曼信号收集效率低的问题，本发明提供了一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，该光纤头包括纤芯和贵金属颗粒，在靠近所述纤芯的头部、在所述纤芯的侧面设有凹槽，所述贵金属颗粒置于所述凹槽的侧面和底部。
所述纤芯的头部覆盖有金属膜。
所述金属膜为银膜。
所述纤芯的头部覆盖有贵金属颗粒。
所述凹槽为斜三角形。
在靠近所述纤芯头部的一端，所述斜三角的一边垂直于纤芯。
所述凹槽为阶梯形。
在靠近所述纤芯头部的一端，所述阶梯形的边为直边，并且垂直于纤芯。
所述凹槽为两个，两凹槽沿纤芯方向平行排列。
所述凹槽为斜槽，从开口处向纤芯头部倾斜。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供了一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，在纤芯的头部设置凹槽，在凹槽中设置贵金属颗粒。当用于分子检测时，分子的拉曼信号能够被反射到光纤内部，沿光纤传递给接收端。与通常的光纤头相比，拉曼信号能够更多地收集到光纤内部，所以提高了检测极限。
以下将结合附图对本发明做进一步详细说明。
附图说明
图1是用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头的示意图一。
图2是用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头的示意图二。
图3时用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头的示意图三。
图4时用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头的示意图四。
图5时用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头的示意图五。
图中：1、纤芯；2、凹槽；3、贵金属颗粒；4、金属膜。
具体实施方式
为进一步阐述本发明达成预定目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及实施例对本发明的具体实施方式、结构特征及其功效，详细说明如下。
实施例1
本发明提供了一种如图1所示的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，该光纤头包括纤芯1和贵金属颗粒3，在靠近纤芯1的头部、在纤芯1的侧面设有凹槽2，贵金属颗粒3置于凹槽2的侧面和底部。当该光纤头用于分子拉曼光谱测试时，激发光从图1中光纤头的右侧进入，沿光纤传播到凹槽2处，激发凹槽2侧面和底部的贵金属颗粒3，从而在贵金属颗粒3周围产生局域电场，产生表面增强拉曼散射效果，提高探测的极限。由于贵金属颗粒3位于凹槽2中，所激发的拉曼信号又被收集到光纤中，所以本发明提高了拉曼信号的收集效率，进而提高了检测极限。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，如图2所示，在纤芯的头部覆盖有金属膜，该金属膜可以为银膜。该金属膜不仅可以反射从光纤中传播过来的激发光，这有利于增强贵金属颗粒3周围的局域电场，而且可以反射分子产生的拉曼信号，这可以提高光纤的收集效率。金属膜在这两方面的作用，均可以提高最终所收集的拉曼信号的强度，从而提高检测的极限。此外，该金属膜还可以为贵金属颗粒3，从凹槽2底部穿过的激发光可以激发贵金属颗粒3的表面等离激元共振，形成局域电场，将待检测分子也置于纤芯1头部的贵金属颗粒3上，这样可以提高整个器件产生的拉曼信号强度，从而提高检测的准确性和检测极限。
实施例3
在实施例1和实施例2的基础上，如图3所示，凹槽2为斜三角形，并且在靠近纤芯1头部的一端，所述斜三角的一边垂直于纤芯1。这样一来，沿光纤传播的激发光更多地聚集在凹槽底部，而在凹槽2底部也聚集了更多地待检测分子，这有利于提高拉曼信号强度，进一步有利于分子检测。此外，在实施例1和2的基础上，如图4所示，凹槽为阶梯形，并且在靠近所述纤芯头部的一端，所述阶梯形的边为直边，并且垂直于纤芯。这样一来，除斜三角形凹槽2的有益效果外，在阶梯形凹槽2的底部，相对侧面上的更多贵金属颗粒3产生耦合，从而形成更强的局域表面等离激元共振，产生更强的局域电场，有利于分子检测。更进一步地，所述凹槽2为两个，两凹槽2沿纤芯方向平行排列。通过设置两凹槽2间的距离，激发光在两凹槽2间形成驻波，激发光被限制在两凹槽2间，有利于进一步提高对凹槽2中贵金属颗粒3的激发电场，从而进一步提高贵金属颗粒3附近的局域电场，进而提高检测极限。
实施例4
在实施例1和实施例2的基础上，如图5所示，凹槽2为斜槽，从开口处向纤芯1的头部倾斜。这样一来，当光纤插入待检测液体时，液体更容易流入斜槽，有利于提高检测准确性。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，包括纤芯和贵金属颗粒，其特征在于：在靠近所述纤芯的头部、在所述纤芯的侧面设有凹槽，所述贵金属颗粒置于所述凹槽的侧面和底部。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：在所述纤芯的头部覆盖有金属膜。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：所述金属膜为银膜。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：在所述纤芯的头部覆盖有贵金属颗粒。
5.如权利要求1-4所述任一项的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：所述凹槽为斜三角形。
6.如权利要求5所述的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：在靠近所述纤芯头部的一端，所述斜三角的一边垂直于纤芯。
7.如权利要求1-4所述任一项的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：所述凹槽为阶梯形。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：在靠近所述纤芯头部的一端，所述阶梯形的边为直边，并且垂直于纤芯。
9.如权利要求1-4所述任一项的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：所述凹槽为两个，两凹槽沿纤芯方向平行排列。
10.如权利要求1-4所述任一项的用于光纤光谱仪的光纤头，其特征在于：所述凹槽为斜槽，从开口处向纤芯头部倾斜。
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