CN110261581A - A kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110261581A CN110261581A CN201910656332.8A CN201910656332A CN110261581A CN 110261581 A CN110261581 A CN 110261581A CN 201910656332 A CN201910656332 A CN 201910656332A CN 110261581 A CN110261581 A CN 110261581A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/248—Earth materials related to manure as a biological product
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device and methods, belong to outdoor water and soil detection device technology field, including installing bracket on the ground；The concave station that bankets is installed in the upper top of bracket；Experiment soil layer is also equipped on concave station banketing；Seepage flow hole is provided with along its short transverse in the lower bottom part for the concave station that bankets；First collecting pipe is mounted on by seepage flow hole and is banketed on concave station, and the other end of the first collecting pipe is connected with subsurface collector bucket；It is provided with several partitions along the vertical direction inside the concave station that bankets；Diameter discharge orifice is provided at the position that the inner wall upper end for the concave station that bankets connects with partition；Second collecting pipe is mounted on by diameter discharge orifice and is banketed on concave station, and the other end of the second collecting pipe is connected with earth's surface collecting vessel；Simulated rainfall component is also equipped at the top of the concave station that bankets, the present invention, which effectively solves the problems, such as currently to lack, carries out reliable accurate analysis for Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer situation, is mainly used in laboratory and carries out simulated experiment to Karst region precipitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to outdoor water and soil detection device technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer
Monitoring device and method.
Background technique
In Karst region when long-term cropping, land type multiplicity has the level terraced field along contour, also has along slope aspect
Hillside fields.It is not inclined in the upward slope for being biased to mountain top side in the slope long-term cropping discovery part crop for not being transformed into terraced fields
It grows fine to the descending of the foot of a mountain side, short is often growed apart from the interior part for being biased to go up a slope at tens meters for same crop
It is small, thin and weak, and the part for being biased to the foot of a mountain descending often grows luxuriant, strong.In the case where early stage condition is the same, specifically because
Why this phenomenon caused by reason, need to prove by the monitoring mode of science.Traditional field plan on the spot sampling,
The mode of detection verifying is a kind of verifying situation that range of opening is wider, comparatively more feasible, but this mode is not
It can guarantee that earth's surface, source unicity, the stability of underground ingredient, data are very uncertain；Secondly another diameter
Stream cell fixed point monitoring mode although limit more controllable range, but be directed to karst landform structure its monitoring
Process is very long, data are dull, and water and soil tends to be balanced by mixing and last detection data when sampling, and convincingness is poor, can only be anti-
Reflect the long-run average in target runoff plots.Therefore it is a set of can to karst landforms are simulated in the lab, simultaneously
The device and method that the landforms of simulation are carried out with the water and soil nutrient transfer of complete, efficient, feasible monitoring is monitored in Karst region
Hillside fields water and soil Nutrient change be extremely it is necessary to.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device is provided, with
It solves the problems, such as currently to lack and reliable accurate analysis is carried out for Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer situation.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
A kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device, including installing bracket on the ground；Pacify in the upper top of bracket
Equipped with the concave station that bankets；Experiment soil layer is also equipped on concave station banketing；It is provided in the lower bottom part for the concave station that bankets along its short transverse
Seepage flow hole；First collecting pipe is mounted on by seepage flow hole and is banketed on concave station, and the other end of the first collecting pipe and subsurface collector bucket
It is connected；It is provided with several partitions along the vertical direction inside the concave station that bankets；Inner wall upper end and partition phase in the concave station that bankets
Diameter discharge orifice is provided at the position connect；Second collecting pipe is mounted on by diameter discharge orifice and is banketed on concave station, and the second collecting pipe is another
End is connected with earth's surface collecting vessel；Simulated rainfall component is also equipped at the top of the concave station that bankets.
Preferably, bracket includes the fixed link that front end is arranged in and the telescopic rod that rear end is arranged in；Fixed link and flexible
The parallel placement of bar.
Preferably, partition includes that the top spacer being arranged on experiment soil layer surface and setting are being banketed on concave station inner bottom surface
Bottom baffles；Diameter discharge orifice is disposed adjacent with top spacer.
Further, the number in seepage flow hole is identical as diameter discharge orifice, and seepage flow hole is arranged in concave station bottom surface and the bottom of banketing
Partition adjacent position.
Preferably, the size section of single diameter discharge orifice is the 10-50% of partition size.
Preferably, the working face of simulated rainfall component always with ground keeping parallelism.
The invention also discloses a kind of monitoring methods of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device, including following step
It is rapid:
The installation connection of various components in S1, finishing device, and ready soil is banketed and is used as soil layer inside concave station,
The constituent contents such as Na, K, Cl in sampling record soil layer in soil simultaneously；
S2, the stable detection reagent of addition element property into soil layer；
S3, rainfall at regular time and quantity is carried out on soil layer using simulated rainfall component；
S4, underground collecting vessel, earth's surface collecting vessel and soil layer are sampled respectively in a monitoring cycle, detect different location
Locate the constituent contents such as soil Na, K, Cl；
S5, it repeats to implement S1 to S4 respectively using the inclination angle size for the concave station that bankets, rainfall duration and rainfall intensity as variable.
Preferably, simulated rainfall component carries out using the pure water without containing element to be detected as rainwater when rainfall.
Preferably, kind is implanted with plant on soil layer；Made when simulated rainfall component carries out rainfall using collected precipitation
For rainwater；And the duration and intensity normally obtained in rainfall duration and intensity and crop growth period is suitable.
Preferably, when the rainfall of simulated rainfall component is slightly not more than 50mL/h, sampling in every 30 minutes is primary；It is greater than
Increase sample interval when 50mL/h；How much sampling collects according to detecting instrument need sample size three times to be used.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention devises a device for being directed to Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer situation and being detected, and is filled out by design
Native pit tests the device of soil layer as accommodating, and rainfall simulator is arranged at the top of it, separately on its bottom and its side wall
Seepage flow hole is set and diameter discharge orifice carrys out migration situation of the water and soil nutrient under different modes before and after simulated rainfall, ensure that earth's surface,
The source unicity and stability of underground ingredient, keep data reliably accurate；Piecewise acquisition earth's surface is carried out using partition simultaneously
Water and soil nutrient, further improve acquisition data accuracy；On the other hand, the configuration of the present invention is simple, molding easy to process,
The case where period tested is relatively short, can simulate the water and soil nutrient transfer in the case of a variety of gradients.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention in embodiment；
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A to cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1；
Description of symbols: 1, bracket, 2, banket concave station, the 3, first collecting pipe, 4, subsurface collector bucket, the 5, second collecting pipe, 6,
Earth's surface collecting vessel, 7, simulated rainfall component, 8, experiment soil layer, 11, fixed link, 12, telescopic rod, 21, seepage flow hole, 22, partition,
23, diameter discharge orifice, 221, top spacer, 222, bottom baffles.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and the present invention is described further in specific embodiment:
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig.1, the present embodiment provides a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring devices, including installing branch on the ground
Frame 1；The concave station 2 that bankets is installed in the upper top of bracket 1；Experiment soil layer 8 is also equipped on concave station 2 banketing；In the concave station 2 that bankets
Lower bottom part be provided with seepage flow hole 21 along its short transverse；First collecting pipe 3 is mounted on by seepage flow hole 21 and is banketed on concave station 2, and
The other end of first collecting pipe 3 is connected with subsurface collector bucket 4；It is provided with several along the vertical direction inside the concave station 2 that bankets
Partition 22；Diameter discharge orifice 23 is provided at the position that the inner wall upper end for the concave station 2 that bankets connects with partition 22；Second collecting pipe 5 passes through
Diameter discharge orifice 23, which is mounted on, to banket on concave station 2, and the other end of the second collecting pipe 5 is connected with earth's surface collecting vessel 6；In the concave station that bankets
2 top is also equipped with simulated rainfall component 7.In the present embodiment, depth is 33cm inside the concave station that bankets；The number in seepage flow hole is 3
A, partition 22 shares two groups.
Bracket 1 includes the fixed link 11 that front end is arranged in and the telescopic rod 12 that rear end is arranged in；Fixed link 11 and flexible
The parallel placement of bar 12.The fixed link 11 of front and rear sides and the setting of telescopic rod 12 can be big by adjusting the length of telescopic rod 12
The small tilt angle to change the concave station that bankets, so that the field simulated under the premise of not changing experiment 3 structure of soil layer is oblique
Slope environment.
Partition 22 includes that the top spacer 221 being arranged on experiment 8 surface of soil layer and setting are being banketed on 2 inner bottom surface of concave station
Bottom baffles 222；Diameter discharge orifice 23 is disposed adjacent with top spacer 221.Partition 22 is divided into the top for not carrying out closing connection
Portion's partition 221 and bottom baffles 222 are and to be conducive to receive to only obstruct the water and soil runoff that is formed on experiment soil layer 3
Collect the runoff and seepage flow moisture of two sides up and down.
The number in seepage flow hole 21 is identical as diameter discharge orifice 23, and the setting of seepage flow hole 21 banket 2 bottom surface of concave station and bottom every
222 adjacent position of plate.
The size section of single diameter discharge orifice 23 is the 15% of 22 size of partition.
The working face of simulated rainfall component 7 always with ground keeping parallelism, to guarantee and the unit rain of natural precipitation
It measures consistent.Device stability can also be improved to a certain extent simultaneously.
The working face of simulated rainfall component 7 always with ground keeping parallelism.
A kind of monitoring method of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device, comprising the following steps:
The installation connection of various components in S1, finishing device, and ready soil is banketed and is used as soil layer inside concave station 2
8, while the constituent contents such as Na, K, Cl in sampling record soil layer 8 in soil；
S2, the stable detection reagent of addition element property into soil layer 8；
S3, rainfall at regular time and quantity is carried out on soil layer 8 using simulated rainfall component 7；
S4, underground collecting vessel 4, earth's surface collecting vessel 6 and soil layer 8 are sampled respectively in a monitoring cycle, detection is different
The constituent contents such as soil Na, K, Cl at position；
S5, it repeats to implement S1 to S4 respectively using the inclination angle size, rainfall duration and rainfall intensity of the concave station 2 that bankets as variable.
Simulated rainfall component 7 carries out using the pure water without containing element to be detected as rainwater when rainfall.
Kind is implanted with plant on soil layer 8；Simulated rainfall component 7 carries out using collected precipitation as rain when rainfall
Water；And the duration and intensity normally obtained in rainfall duration and intensity and crop growth period is suitable.
When the rainfall of simulated rainfall component 7 is slightly not more than 50mL/h, sampling in every 30 minutes is primary；When greater than 50mL/h
Increase sample interval；How much sampling collects according to detecting instrument need sample size three times to be used.
By by after the water sample detection collected during the experiment according to earth's surface, underground, on slope, in slope, under slope, different positions
Set the constituent contents such as Na, K, Cl situation of change carry out data processing, on the one hand can verify in water whether there is or not take away respective element,
Or respective element is absorbed, on the other hand combine water sample detection result that the related reason of plant growth situation is explained further.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device, it is characterised in that: including installing bracket (1) on the ground；
The concave station that bankets (2) are installed in the upper top of bracket (1)；Experiment soil layer (8) is also equipped on the concave station that bankets (2)；It is banketing
The lower bottom part of concave station (2) is provided with seepage flow hole (21) along its short transverse；First collecting pipe (3) is mounted on by seepage flow hole (21) and is filled out
On native concave station (2), and the other end of the first collecting pipe (3) is connected with subsurface collector bucket (4)；On the internal edge of the concave station that bankets (2)
Vertical direction is provided with several partitions (22)；It is opened at the position that the inner wall upper end of the concave station that bankets (2) connects with partition (22)
There are diameter discharge orifice (23)；Second collecting pipe (5) is mounted on the concave station that bankets (2) by diameter discharge orifice (23), and the second collecting pipe (5)
The other end is connected with earth's surface collecting vessel (6)；Simulated rainfall component (7) are also equipped at the top of the concave station that bankets (2).
2. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: bracket
It (1) include the fixed link (11) that front end is set and the telescopic rod (12) that rear end is set；Fixed link (11) and telescopic rod
(12) parallel placement.
3. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: partition
It (22) include bottom of top spacer (221) and setting of the setting on experiment soil layer (8) surface on the concave station that bankets (2) inner bottom surface
Portion's partition (222)；Diameter discharge orifice (23) is disposed adjacent with top spacer (221).
4. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: seepage flow hole
(21) number is identical as diameter discharge orifice (23), and seepage flow hole (21) are arranged in the concave station that bankets (2) bottom surface and bottom baffles (222)
Adjacent position.
5. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: single diameter
The size section of discharge orifice (23) is the 10-50% of partition (22) size.
6. a kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: simulation drop
The working face of rain component (7) always with ground keeping parallelism.
7. a kind of monitoring method of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
It is characterized by comprising following steps:
The installation connection of various components in S1, finishing device, and ready soil is banketed into concave station (2) inside as soil
Layer (8), while the constituent contents such as Na, K, Cl in sampling record soil layer (8) interior soil；
S2, the stable detection reagent of addition element property in soil layer (8)；
S3, rainfall at regular time and quantity is carried out on soil layer (8) using simulated rainfall component (7)；
S4, underground collecting vessel (4), earth's surface collecting vessel (6) and soil layer (8) are sampled respectively in a monitoring cycle, are examined
Survey the constituent contents such as soil Na, K, Cl at different location；
S5, it repeats to implement S1 to S4 respectively using the inclination angle size, rainfall duration and rainfall intensity of the concave station that bankets (2) as variable.
8. according to a kind of monitoring method of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device as claimed in claim 7, feature exists
In: simulated rainfall component (7) carries out using the pure water without containing element to be detected as rainwater when rainfall.
9. according to a kind of monitoring method of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device as claimed in claim 7, feature exists
In: plant is implanted in soil layer (8) on kind；Simulated rainfall component (7) carries out using collected precipitation as rainwater when rainfall；
And the duration and intensity normally obtained in rainfall duration and intensity and crop growth period is suitable.
10. according to a kind of monitoring method of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device as claimed in claim 7, feature exists
In: when the rainfall of simulated rainfall component (7) is slightly not more than 50mL/h, sampling in every 30 minutes is primary；Increase when greater than 50mL/h
Add sample interval；How much sampling collects according to detecting instrument need sample size three times to be used.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910656332.8A CN110261581A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | A kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910656332.8A CN110261581A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | A kind of Karst region water and soil nutrient transfer monitoring device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110596350A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州师范大学 | Simulation method for researching water and soil loss situation of biological crust in karst stony desertification region |
| CN110794116A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-14 | 贵州大学 | Test device for researching karst slope rainwater transformation and soil erosion characteristics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616495A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Device for simulating soil nutrient transfer rule |
| CN204255803U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-04-08 | 天津大学 | Indoor rainfall infiltration Experimental mimic system |
| CN105424912A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Movable slope-varying-type steel trough for simulating soil leakage status in karst region |
| CN105910961A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南科技大学 | Apparatus and method for simulating heavy metal migration and transformation in soil-water interface |
| CN210323013U (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-04-14 | 贵州师范大学 | Karst region water and soil nutrient migration monitoring devices |
-
2019
- 2019-07-19 CN CN201910656332.8A patent/CN110261581A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616495A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Device for simulating soil nutrient transfer rule |
| CN204255803U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-04-08 | 天津大学 | Indoor rainfall infiltration Experimental mimic system |
| CN105424912A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Movable slope-varying-type steel trough for simulating soil leakage status in karst region |
| CN105910961A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南科技大学 | Apparatus and method for simulating heavy metal migration and transformation in soil-water interface |
| CN210323013U (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-04-14 | 贵州师范大学 | Karst region water and soil nutrient migration monitoring devices |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110596350A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州师范大学 | Simulation method for researching water and soil loss situation of biological crust in karst stony desertification region |
| CN110794116A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-14 | 贵州大学 | Test device for researching karst slope rainwater transformation and soil erosion characteristics |
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