CN110260185A - 光叶片灯具 - Google Patents

光叶片灯具 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110260185A
CN110260185A CN201910318924.9A CN201910318924A CN110260185A CN 110260185 A CN110260185 A CN 110260185A CN 201910318924 A CN201910318924 A CN 201910318924A CN 110260185 A CN110260185 A CN 110260185A
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Prior art keywords
light
lamps
waveguide
flat surfaces
lanterns
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西蒙·费希尔
奥利弗·林
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Current Lighting Solutions LLC
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GE Lighting Solutions LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/03—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type
    • F21S8/033—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type the surface being a wall or like vertical structure, e.g. building facade
    • F21S8/036—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type the surface being a wall or like vertical structure, e.g. building facade by means of a rigid support, e.g. bracket or arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
    • F21S8/043—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures mounted by means of a rigid support, e.g. bracket or arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/002—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light
    • F21V5/004—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light using microlenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0018—Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0063—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for extracting light out both the major surfaces of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
    • G02B6/009—Positioning aspects of the light source in the package
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/405—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for shop-windows or displays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种光叶片灯具。光叶片灯具包括矩形波导。波导包含四个边缘以及对置的平坦表面。光模块至少将灯光引导至四个边缘中的仅一个边缘。其中一个平坦表面包括引导光使之通过所对置的平坦表面逸出的镜面反射表面。

Description

光叶片灯具
本申请是分案申请，其母案申请的申请号为2012800173584，申请日为2012年2月7日，发明名称为“光叶片灯具”。
技术领域
本示例性实施例涉及一种灯具。发现其尤其用于与其中期望定向光的通用照明的灯具结合使用，并将具体参照其进行描述。然而，应该理解的是，本示例性实施例同样适于其他类似应用。
背景技术
常见于办公室和商业楼宇中的照明器材为荧光照明面板。通常，这种照明面板包括容纳一个或者多个荧光灯管的封壳和前扩散板。典型地，前扩散板为具有规则表面图案以促进均匀发光的半透明塑料材料或者透光塑料材料。可替换地，反光性百叶窗式前盖可用于扩散发射光。这种照明面板通常适用于吊顶中，其中支撑构件网格(T型材)通过缆线和由支撑构件网格支撑的吊顶板悬挂在天花板上。吊顶板可以是正方形或者矩形并且照明面板模块配置为装配在这种开口中，扩散面板取代吊顶板。
由于使用寿命长(30到50000小时数量级)并且发光效率高(70流明每瓦特及更高)，高亮度白色LED越来越多地用于取代传统的荧光灯、紧凑型荧光灯和白炽灯泡。现今，很多照明器具设计利用白色LED(更典型地是白色LED阵列)取代传统的光源部件。而且，由于体积小、寿命长，跟传统光源相比，LED提供了构造新型紧凑型照明器具的潜力。
侧光式(edge-lit，边缘发光)照明面板灯同样也是已知的，其中灯光耦合到平坦导光面板(波导媒介)的边缘。光通过全内反射被引导到媒介的整个体积然后从发光面射出。为了减少从面板的后面(例如，与发光面相对的面)发出的光，后面通常会包含光反射层。为了促进均匀发光，导光板的一个或者两个面可包含破坏导光板的导光特性的表面粗糙化形成的表面图案，在导致优先发光区域的区域部位。
与背光式面板灯相比，侧光式照明面板灯的优点是它的紧凑性质，尤其是能与导光面板的厚度相媲美的灯的整个深度(厚度)，这使得构造深度小于50mm的灯成为可能。
发明内容
根据一个实施例，提供了包括矩形波导(waveguide，波导管)的灯具。波导包括四个边缘以及对置的平坦表面。光模块将光引导入仅一个边缘中。其中一个平坦表面包含引导光以通过对置的平坦表面逸出的反射表面。
根据另一个实施例，提供了一种对一区域照明的方法。该方法包括提供多个灯具，每个灯具包括具有四个边缘以及对置平坦表面的矩形波导。每个波导包含将灯光引导入四个边缘中的仅一个边缘的光模块。每个波导具有全内反射并且能将光分布在整个波导上。每个波导进一步包含来自一个或者两个平坦表面的选择光发射。灯具在该区域中布置成使得至少一个灯具以成角度的定向安装、以竖直定向安装或以水平定向安装，并且至少一第二灯具以不同的成角度安装、竖直定向安装或水平定向安装。
根据一第三实施例，提供了一种包括矩形波导的灯具。该波导包含四个边缘以及对置平坦表面。提供了将光引导入至少一个边缘的光模块。至少一个平坦表面包含多个引导光逸出波导的微透镜。
附图说明
图1为本发明的灯具的透视图。
图2为替换灯具的透视图。
图3为本发明灯具的受引导光的示意图。
图4为本发明灯具的定向照明的另一示意图。
具体实施方式
根据代表性实施例，提供了一种基于“光叶片(blade of light)”理念的灯具。光叶片理念指的是一种薄型灯具，其中光从称为波导的矩形透明或者半透明材料的一个或者两个较大表面射出。术语波导指的是一块通过全内反射引导光的透明或者半透明材料。光倾向于填充波导的整个体积。与波导的其他尺寸相比，该波导的厚度较小。波导和光源模块组件的厚度可小于50mm。典型的波导材料包含玻璃(二氧化硅，氟化物)或者塑料(有涂层或者无涂层的)，例如丙烯酸酯或者聚碳酸酯。
光源模块附接到波导的仅一个边缘。光源模块可基于LED。光源模块可包含安装机构，例如支架，柱子，臂，台肩，支柱，台阶或者凹部，适于将灯具附接到墙壁上或者天花板上。安装机构可以是与光模块分离的部件或者与光模块一体成型。波导的相邻和(与光源模块)对置的边缘在空气中浮动，因此采用了短语“光叶片”。边缘可以暴露出来使得光从边缘发出或者可被反射材料所覆盖。
光源隐藏在固定于波导边缘的光源模块中。光从模块引导到波导中。一旦光进入波导，其将在波导中传播。安装在不同于暴露至光源模块的边缘的边缘上的反射器和/或扩散器可用于控制可从波导的边缘逸出的光量。可利用波导上的特性通过扩散方式或者在与波导的主平坦表面成一角度处将光引导出波导。
激光蚀刻、化学蚀刻和形状喷涂(shape painting)目前用作漫射光提取特征。可替换地，微透镜光分布特征可用于提供更有针对性的定制光输出。微透镜特征和它们在光导或膜中的图案可以定制为有效地在整个照明表面上传播光或者将光根据应用和照明要求聚焦在特定位置。微透镜特征使得能够控制光的均匀性、出射角和传播，其可通过高度可重复的图案化工艺实现，使得大容量的定制设计的光导和膜称为可能。微透镜光分布特征利用高效镜面反射(与漫反射的竞争技术相对)提供侧光式基于LED的照明器具的最佳光传输。例如，包含发射光以构造定制光传输模式是可行的。
参考图1，描述了灯具10。灯具10包含用于固定到墙壁或者天花板的支撑架12。支撑架12接收包含LED(未示出)和散热片16的光模块14。支架18将光模块14接合到波导20的一个边缘。波导20可从一个或者两个平坦表面22/24发出光。提供包含通道29的安装臂27以接收墙壁的柱子或者天花板安装支架(未示出)。
参考图2，描述了替换灯具30。灯具30包含与光源模块容纳外壳34一体成型的波导32。外壳34可进一步包含用于固定到天花板、墙壁或者任何结构的安装机构(未示出)。此特征允许用于普通照明的灯具的使用或者将光引导到表面或者物体上，例如墙壁、架子、柜台面或者显示器等。基于光叶片理念的灯具可以竖直地、水平地或者以任何角度安装。多个灯具可以组合在一起以构造更大的照明区域，例如房间，走廊，或者较大空间，例如仓库或者办公室。
灯具30可具有例如50mm或更小的波导32厚度。此外，最长的边缘31可具有例如至少500mm的长度，最短的边缘33可具有至少500mm的长度，使得平坦表面35可具有250，000mm的表面，导致该表面相对于边缘厚度的比至少为5000:1。
参考图3，需要指出的是微透镜技术可允许引导的光从灯具40射出。另外，从灯具40分布的光仅在竖直定向的波导41的一侧上并且包含在锥42界定的出射角内。通过这种方式，灯具可以竖直定向从天花板悬吊下来并且将限定量的光引导在一物体或者位置上，例如架子44。此外，本公开的灯具可用于将光引导在墙壁、地板或者天花板的特定区域上。这种方式允许创建特定的视觉效果并且避免了可能由于直接暴露于光源而造成的眩光。
现在参考图4，描述了灯具50阵列。灯具50为壁式安装并且包含处于水平定向中的波导52。光分布可以包含在朝向墙壁定向的锥内以提供洗墙效果。例如，期望45度或者更小的锥。定制光分布是可行的，使得根据照明空间的要求向上或者向下射出较大或者较小的光量。
同样地，可以设想利用多个灯具来有效地照亮较大空间。例如，壁式安装且水平定向的灯具可提供洗墙光而天花板式安装且竖直定向的具有从单个平坦表面射出的光的灯具可以照亮显示器，并且相对于天花板成角度地定向的天花板式安装的灯具可以提供卓越的向下地板照明。这些只是本发明灯具实施例提供的基本可能性。对其做出的多种变化对本领域的技术人员将是显而易见的。
已经参考优选实施例对示例性实施例做出了描述。显然，在阅读和理解前面的详细描述之后，本领域技术人员可以做出修改和替换。意图是本示例性实施例被理解为包含所附权利要求或其等同物范围内的所有这些修改和替换。

Claims (10)

1.一种灯具，包括矩形波导，所述波导包含四个边缘以及对置的平坦表面，光模块将光引导至所述边缘中的仅一个边缘中，至少一个所述平坦表面包括引导光以使光通过所对置的平坦表面逸出的反射表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，其中，每个平坦表面均包括引导光以使光通过所对置的平坦表面逸出的反射表面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，其中，所述波导具有的介于所述对置的平坦表面之间的厚度小于50mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，其中，所述光模块包含多个发光二极管(LED)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，其中，所述矩形是正方形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，其中，光基本上从仅一个平坦表面发射出。
7.根据权利要求3所述的灯具，其中，一个平坦表面的表面积与波导的厚度之比至少为5000：1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的灯具，包括与包含所述光模块的边缘相关联的安装结构。
9.根据权利要求8所述的灯具，其中，与包含所述安装结构的所述边缘对置的边缘在已安装状态下是自由浮动的。
10.根据权利要求8所述的灯具，其中，所述安装结构和所述光模块包括一整体式本体。
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