CN110257093A - The control method of carbonization system in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating - Google Patents
The control method of carbonization system in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257093A CN110257093A CN201910717899.1A CN201910717899A CN110257093A CN 110257093 A CN110257093 A CN 110257093A CN 201910717899 A CN201910717899 A CN 201910717899A CN 110257093 A CN110257093 A CN 110257093A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbonization
- reactor
- gas
- external heating
- biomass
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- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000013987 Colletes Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007170 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 Milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/725—Redox processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
A kind of control method of the carbonization system of the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating, the carbonization system includes feeding mechanism, ingredient sector, carbonization reactor, gas exhaust piping a, gas exhaust piping b and material collection mechanism, material residence time in carbonization reactor by the average grain diameter and moisture content of material determines that relevance is described as following the equation: t=a*m*ed/m+b；Residence time of the t material in reactor；A material particular diameter is associated with constant, takes a=52.131；B material water ratio is associated with constant, takes b=15.260；E natural constant, takes e=2.718；D material average grain diameter takes 0.003≤d≤0.05, unit m；M material moisture content of drying base, take 5%≤m≤80%, pass through the control to material residence time in carbonization system, the carbonizing degree that material can more efficiently be controlled is heated with the optimal time, consumes least thermal energy, generate optimal carbonization effect, the efficiency that is carbonized generates than optimal and easily facilitates the more environmentally-friendly flue gas utilized, improves the carbonization efficiency of material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural biomass comprehensive utilization of waste technical field, specifically a kind of biomass external heating heat
The control method of carbonization system in charcoal co-generation system.
Background technique
In recent years, China's Sustainable Agricultural stable development, wherein large-scale cultivation level significantly improves, and has ensured meat, eggs and milk confession
It gives, but a large amount of agricultural wastes are not effectively addressed and utilize, and become a great problem of Countryside Environment Rectification.Do a good job of it agriculture
Industry utilization of waste as resource, the effective supply of relationship agricultural product, relationship rural resident's production and living enhancement of environment, is great
People's livelihood engineering.
Existing market is mainly biogas project and compost, both sides for livestock culture utilization of waste as resource mode
Formula will not only expend a large amount of land resource but also will cause secondary pollution.It compares and handles more economical ring with the mode of carbonization
It protects, the carbide of generation can be used as the high value added products such as active carbon, soil-repairing agent, charcoal base manure.
But the prior art, when carrying out carbonization treatment to agricultural exhaust object, the conversion ratio of carbonization is relatively low, and Energy Efficiency Ratio is low
Under, the utilization to agricultural wastes is seriously affected and restricts, the prior art has carried out many improvement to carbonizing plant, but is the absence of
The method of carbonization efficiency is improved by the control of carbonization reactor time.
Summary of the invention
Currently invention addresses the pain spots of the market demand and the prior art, provide a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating
The control method of middle carbonization system can be controlled more efficiently by the control to material residence time in carbonization system
The carbonizing degree of material is heated with the optimal time, consumes least thermal energy, generates optimal carbonization effect, and be carbonized efficiency ratio
It is optimal, while generating and easily facilitating the more environmentally-friendly flue gas utilized, improve the carbonization efficiency of material.
The control method of carbonization system, is controlled in the following way in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating
System: residence time of the material in carbonization reactor is determined by the average grain diameter and moisture content of material, under relevance is described as
State equation:
t=a*m*ed/mIn+b formula: " * " representative multiplies, and "/" representative removes；
Residence time unit min of the t-material in reactor；
A-material particular diameter is associated with constant, takes a=52.131；
B-material water ratio is associated with constant, takes b=15.260；
E-natural constant, takes e=2.718；
D-material average grain diameter, unit m takes 0.003≤d≤0.05；
M-material moisture content of drying base, takes 5%≤m≤80%.
Preferably, 0.010≤d≤0.045；10%≤m≤65%.
As preferably 0.022≤d≤0.04；15%≤m≤45%.
As preferred: 0.025≤d≤0.035；16%≤m≤35%.
Preferably, d=0.03, m=30%.
A kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating, including feed system, carbonization system, discharge system, biogas
Change system, burned waste gas system, steam generating system and outer hot systems, the material outlet and carbonization system of the feed system connect
It connects, the waste outlet of the carbonization system is connect with discharge system, the exhanst gas outlet of carbonization system and the cigarette of burned waste gas system
The connection of gas entrance, the exhanst gas outlet of the burned waste gas system are connect with outer hot systems, the combustion gas of the biomass gasification system
Outlet is connect with the fuel gas inlet of burned waste gas system and outer hot systems respectively, and the exhanst gas outlet and steam of the outer hot systems are sent out
Raw system connection.
Preferably, the carbonization system includes feeding mechanism, ingredient sector, carbonization reactor, gas exhaust piping a, exhaust
Pipeline b and material collection mechanism, the feeding mechanism include hopper and blender, are ingredient sectors below feeding mechanism, institute
It states ingredient sector to be made of the oppositely oriented helical blade component of multiple groups, the carbonization reactor is multiple barrel assemblies, cylinder
Component internal has the helical blade for having multistage blade different with screw pitch inside barrel assemblies and multi-disc axial blade.
Preferably, cylinder interior helical blade is from into material end to material end out, the height of helical blade is successively reduced.
Preferably, the first helical blade region of cylinder interior helical blade is provided with multi-disc axial blade, axial leaf
Piece is evenly arranged along axial direction.
Compared with prior art, a kind of controlling party of the carbonization system of the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention
Method can more efficiently control the carbonizing degree of material, with most by the control to material residence time in carbonization system
Good time heating, consumes least thermal energy, generates optimal carbonization effect, and the efficiency that is carbonized generates more just than optimal
In the more environmentally-friendly flue gas utilized, the carbonization efficiency of material is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system main body schematic diagram of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the feed system schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the carbonization system schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the discharge system schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the biomass gasification system schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the burned waste gas system schematic in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the top view of Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is the outer hot systems schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the steam generating system schematic diagram in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating of the present invention；
Mark explanation: feed system 10, sealing hopper 11, screw conveyor 12, driving motor 13, supporting leg 14；Carbonization system 20,
Feeding mechanism 21, ingredient sector 22, carbonization reactor 23, material collection mechanism 24, gas exhaust piping a25, gas exhaust piping b26, material
Bucket 27, blender 28；Discharge system 30, screw conveyor 31, collet 32, driving motor 33, supporting leg 34,；Gasification of biomass system
System 40, hopper 41, gasification reactor 42, inder pot 43, cyclone dust collectors 44, air preheater 45, ladder 46, hothouse 47, spiral shell
Precession glassware 48；Burned waste gas system 50；Outer hot systems 60；Steam generating system 70, left pipe box 71, shell side 72, right pipe box 73,
Wire mesh demister 74, support 75.
Embodiment
A kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating includes feed system 10, carbonization system 20, discharging system
System 30, biomass gasification system 40, burned waste gas system 50, outer hot systems 60, steam generating system 70, the feed system 10
Material outlet connect with carbonization system 20, the waste outlet of the carbonization system 20 is connect with discharge system 30, carbonization system
20 exhanst gas outlet is connect with the smoke inlet of burned waste gas system 50, exhanst gas outlet, the biology of the burned waste gas system 50
The gas vent of matter gasification system 40 is connect with outer hot systems 60, the exhanst gas outlet and steam generating system of the outer hot systems 60
70 connections.The above hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating is more environmentally-friendly to the processing of biomass carbonization and gasification efficiently, generates
Fume environment protection using being burned by burned waste gas system, generated exhaust gas is less, while the height of burned waste gas system generation
Hot fume enters outer hot systems, heats to carbonization system, the efficiency and heat energy utilization of overall improved system.
As shown in figure 3, the feed system includes sealing hopper 11, screw conveyor 12, driving motor 13 and supporting leg 14,
The screw conveyor 12 is made of the helical blade component of circular cylindrical shell and inside, and screw conveyor 12 is mentioned by driving motor 13
For power, 21 entrance of feeding mechanism of the outlet connection carbonization system 20 of screw conveyor.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, carbonization system 20 includes feeding mechanism 21, ingredient sector 22, carbonization reactor 23, material
Collecting mechanism 24, gas exhaust piping a25 and gas exhaust piping b26, what gas exhaust piping a25 came out is cryogenic gas, mainly vapor,
It is high-temperature gas that gas exhaust piping b26, which comes out, enters burned waste gas system after two mixing, the feeding mechanism includes 27 He of hopper
Blender 28, the lower section of feeding mechanism 21 are ingredient sectors 22, and the ingredient sector core component is by two or more sets rotation direction phases
Anti- helical blade component is constituted, and the carbonization reactor 23 is two barrel assemblies side by side, and each cylinder interior has three
The helical blade for having multistage blade different with screw pitch inside section or multistage barrel assemblies and a certain number of axial blades.
Preferably, multiple groups barrel assemblies can be set in carbonization reactor, it is arranged as required.
Preferably, the helical blade inside 23 barrel assemblies of carbonization reactor, from into material end to material end out, spiral
The height and screw pitch of blade successively reduce.By designing above, the raising of heating temperature during material advances, waving in material
Hair ingredient is constantly precipitated, and material can be fragmented into small particle during high-temperature atmosphere moves, and the volume of material occupied exists
Reduction, the height and screw pitch of helical blade, which successively reduce, can guarantee that material sufficiently reacts and heating efficiency.
Preferably, the first helical blade region of the helical blade inside 23 barrel assemblies of carbonization reactor is provided with one
The axial blade of fixed number amount, axial blade are evenly arranged along axial direction.By the setting of axial blade, the material reaction initial stage can
So that it is material bed more stable, material bed uniformity is kept, to keep material reaction more abundant.
Preferably, the material in the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating in carbonization reactor 23 carries out the residence time
Control:
A kind of control method of the carbonization system of the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating, is controlled: object in the following way
Expect that the residence time in carbonization reactor determines that relevance is described as following equations by the average grain diameter and moisture content of material
Formula:
t=a*m*ed/mIn+b formula: " * " representative multiplies, and "/" representative removes；
Residence time of the t-material in reactor；
A-material particular diameter is associated with constant, takes a=52.131；
B-material water ratio is associated with constant, takes b=15.260；
E-natural constant, takes e=2.718；
D-material average grain diameter, unit m takes 0.003≤d≤0.05；
M-material moisture content of drying base, takes 5%≤m≤80%.
Preferably, 0.010≤d≤0.045；10%≤m≤65%.
As preferably 0.022≤d≤0.04；15%≤m≤45%.
Preferably, d=0.03, m=30%.
T does not influence numerical value by the obtained unit of governing equation, and t only takes required numerical value.
Above to biomass in carbonization reactor the residence time control mode, be that inventor creates, be through excessive
The test of amount, the fruit of labour that multiple verifying obtains, passes through the control to material residence time in carbonization system, Ke Yigeng
The carbonizing degree for adding efficient control material, is heated with the optimal time, consumes least thermal energy, generates optimal carbonization effect
Fruit, the efficiency that is carbonized generate than optimal and easily facilitate the more environmentally-friendly flue gas utilized, improve the carbonization efficiency of material.
As shown in fig. 6, discharge system 30 includes screw conveyor 31, collet 32, driving motor 33, supporting leg 34, spiral transferring
Machine 31 is sent to be driven by driving motor 33.Its import is connected with the outlet of 20 material collection mechanism 24 of carbonization system.Discharge system
Collet 32 in be that the cooling water of flowing is used to cool down the carbonized product of high temperature.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, biomass gasification system 40 provides fuel, including hopper 41, gasification reaction for whole system
Device 42, inder pot 43, cyclone dust collectors 44, air preheater 45, ladder 46.41 lower part of hopper is hothouse 47, and hothouse leads to
Piping connection air preheater fuel gas inlet is crossed, hothouse is internally provided with screw-feeder 48.48 outlets of screw-feeder
Connect the material inlet of gasification reactor.42 gas outlet of gasification reactor connects cyclone dust collectors 44.Gasification reactor 42 removes
Cinder notch connects inder pot 43.The gas outlet of gasification system is located at the lower tube box of air preheater 45, passes through piping connection exhaust gas
Incineration system 50 and outer hot systems 60.
Preferably, multiple apertures are provided on the collet cavity inner wall of hothouse, drying indoor fuel gas and life in process
Material grains directly contact, and the tar and dust in combustion gas are adsorbed, and improve the cleanliness of combustion gas, while heating to particle
It is evaporated more sufficiently.In order to further increase the cleanliness of combustion gas, hothouse gas outlet is equipped with filter device.
Preferably, the aperture of the aperture and/or quantity gradually increase along the direction of motion of biological particles.It is main
If being gradually increased along the direction of motion of biological particles by the aperture and/or quantity of aperture, increases and enter hothouse
The amount of interior combustion gas forms similar adverse current so that the direction of motion along biological particles made, exchange capability of heat constantly increase
Heat transfer effect, to improve exchange capability of heat.
Preferably, along the direction of motion of biological particles, width that the aperture of the aperture and/or quantity gradually increase
Degree is continuously increased.Mainly along the direction of motion of biological particles, amplitude is gradually increased by the aperture and/or quantity of aperture
Become larger, the ever-increasing quantity for increasing the amount for entering dry indoor combustion gas is increasing, thus make along biomass
The direction of motion of grain, constantly increased amplitude becomes larger exchange capability of heat, more stable counterflow heat exchange effect is formed, to improve
Exchange capability of heat.Above-mentioned technical characteristic is that applicant is obtained by largely research, is not the common knowledge of this field, amplitude
Increase and can be realized the heat transfer effect for improving 10% or so.
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, burned waste gas system 50 is connected with the gas exhaust piping a25 of carbonization system, gas exhaust piping b26
It connects.The main structure of burned waste gas system 50 is a cylindrical shell, and refractory material is laid in the inside of shell.Burned waste gas system
Equipped with fuel burner nozzle, connected by the gas outlet of pipeline and biomass gasification system.Fuel burner nozzle include automatic ignitor with
And flame monitor.The exhanst gas outlet of burned waste gas system is connect with outer hot systems.
As shown in figure 11, outer hot systems 60 include surrounding heat-insulated cavity set by carbonization reactor cylinder, inside cavity
Lay refractory material；The pedestal of the bottom compartment whole system of cavity；One end of cavity is equipped with fuel burner nozzle.Fuel burner nozzle passes through pipe
The connection of the gas outlet of road and biomass gasification system.Fuel burner nozzle includes automatic ignitor and flame monitor.Cavity
Side is equipped with gas inlet and connect with burned waste gas system.The top of cavity is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, passes through pipeline and steam generation
The connection of 70 gas inlet of system.
Preferably, as shown in figure 12, steam generating system 70 is removed including left pipe box 71, shell side 72, right pipe box 73, silk screen
Foam device 74, support 75, left pipe box 71 are equipped with gas inlet, are connect by pipeline with outer 60 exhanst gas outlet of hot systems.Right pipe box 73
Equipped with exhanst gas outlet, pass through piping connection air-introduced machine.Support 75 is also possible to other fixing pieces, and steam generating system is fixed on
On outer hot systems.
The above-mentioned hot carbon cogeneration method of biomass external heating, includes the following steps:
(1) material of storage bin is entered in the sealing hopper 11 of feed system 10 by mechanical mode of movement and is kept in, through spiral transferring
Machine 12 is sent to be sent to 20 feed inlet of carbonization system.
In the process: being micro-vacuum state in sealing hopper 11, avoid dirty gas leak pollution air.
(2) carbonization system receives the material from feed system 10.Vibration is equipped in the feeding mechanism 21 of carbonization system 20
Device and blender avoid the blocking of material.The lower section of feeding mechanism 21 is ingredient sector 22, material by ingredient sector 22 equably
It is assigned in two barrel assemblies of carbonization reactor 23.Material in cylinder moves forward under the driving of helical blade.
In the process: barrel assemblies are rotated under the driving of motor with certain revolving speed, and the revolving speed of barrel assemblies wants root
It is set according to ingredients such as the moisture content for entering material, improves reaction efficiency, while guaranteeing the material of heterogeneity in reactor
Sufficiently reacted in reactor.
(3) material is heated in the high-temperature flue gas atmosphere of outer 60 cavity of hot systems in the barrel assemblies of carbonization reactor.
Material in cylinder temperature during forward movement gradually rises, and following reaction occurs:
100~150 DEG C, the free water volatilization in material；
150~200 DEG C, the water of constitution volatilization in material, a small amount of small molecule Volatile；
200~350 DEG C, the small molecule volatile matter volatilization in material；
350~450 DEG C, the macromolecular volatile matter volatilization in material obtains final work carbonizing production.Material collection mechanism 24 will
Obtained carbonized product is sent into discharge system 30 after collecting.
In the process: reaction process of the material in reactor is completed stage by stage, is conducive to improve reaction efficiency and heat
It can utilization rate.
(4) discharge system 30 transfers out system after receiving the high temperature carbide cooling from carbonization system.Discharge system
It is that the cooling water of flowing is used to cool down the carbonized product of high temperature in collet 32, so that the carbonized product temperature of discharge system is lower than 60
℃。
(5) escaping gas that material generates in carbonization reactor 23 is converged by gas exhaust piping a25 and gas exhaust piping b26
Burned waste gas system 50 is sent into after collection.
(6) biomass materials such as stalk particle, the coconut husk of crushing, chips by machinery or are manually fed into biogas
In change system 40.Material successively dries under the high-temperature atmosphere of gasification reactor 42, is pyrolyzed, aoxidizing, reduction reaction, generates
Fuel gas.Fuel gas is sent to conduct in outer hot systems 60 and burned waste gas system 50 by pipeline after dedusting is cooling
Heat source fuel.
In the process: being combustible gas as carbonization system using gasification system using gasifying biomass materials such as stalk particles
Heat source fuel not will increase carbon emission compared with prior art using fossil fuels such as diesel oil, gasoline, more economical environmental protection.
(7) burned waste gas system 50 receives the exhaust gas generated from carbonization system.From the flammable of biomass gasification system
Gas lights these exhaust gas that burn in circular cylindrical shell by burner.The complete high-temperature flue gas that burns is imported into outer hot systems 60；
In the process: maintaining 850~900 DEG C of high-temperature atmosphere in circular cylindrical shell, dischargeable capacity guarantees that exhaust gas is stagnant in shell
The time of 2S or more is stayed, so that the harmful substance in exhaust gas is sufficiently decomposed.
(8) outer hot systems 60 receive the high-temperature flue gas from burned waste gas system 50, heat carbonization reactor barrel assemblies.
Combustion gas from biomass gasification system 40 maintains to be 550~600 DEG C in outer 60 heat-insulation chamber body of hot systems as auxiliary fuel
High-temperature atmosphere.The high-temperature flue gas of the carbonization reactor heated is imported into steam generating system 70；
In the process: adequately sharp using the reactor of the high-temperature flue gas heating carbonization system generated from discarded incineration system
With fume waste heat, heat utilization rate is improved, the consumption of additional fuel is significantly reduced.
(9) steam generating system 70 receives 550 DEG C or so of the high-temperature flue gas from outer hot systems 60.Flue gas is in heat exchanger tube
The interior and intracorporal water indirect heat exchange of shell, heats the water to 150 DEG C or so generation steam.The steam of generation is used for heat supply or activation
Active carbon.
In the process: steam is generated using the high-temperature flue gas of discharge, adequately utilizes fume waste heat, it is very big to improve thermal energy
Utilization rate improves the economic well-being of workers and staff of system.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art and good effect:
1. making full use of fume waste heat heating response device, heat utilization rate is high, so very big that reduce fuel consumption；
2. reactor efficiency is higher, system structure is more compact.Same treatment scale, the small only prior art device of occupied area
25%；
3. providing fuel using biomass gasification system for carbonization system, more economical environmental protection；
4. utilizing thermal flue gas byproduct steam, very big the economic well-being of workers and staff for improving system.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
Those of ordinary skill, within the essential scope of the present invention, made variations, modifications, additions or substitutions also should belong to this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. the control method of carbonization system in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating, the hot charcoal connection of biomass external heating
Production system includes carbonization system, and the carbonization system includes feeding mechanism, ingredient sector, carbonization reactor, gas exhaust piping a, row
Air pipe b and material collection mechanism, the feeding mechanism include hopper and blender, are ingredient sectors below feeding mechanism,
The ingredient sector is made of the oppositely oriented helical blade component of multiple groups, and the carbonization reactor is multiple barrel assemblies, circle
Multistage helical blade and multi-disc axial blade inside cartridge module, it is characterised in that by material in carbonization reactor residence time
Determine that relevance is described as following the equation by the average grain diameter and moisture content of material:
t=a*m*ed/mIn+b formula: " * " representative multiplies, and "/" representative removes；
Residence time of the t-material in reactor, unit point；
A-material particular diameter is associated with constant, takes a=52.131；
B-material water ratio is associated with constant, takes b=15.260；
E-natural constant, takes e=2.718；
D-material average grain diameter takes 0.003≤d≤0.05, unit m；
M-material moisture content of drying base, takes 5%≤m≤80%.
2. the control method of carbonization system, special in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating as described in claim 1
Sign is；0.010≤d≤0.045；10%≤m≤65%.
3. the control method of carbonization system in the hot charcoal co-generation system of a kind of biomass external heating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that 0.022≤d≤0.04；15%≤m≤45%.
4. the control method of carbonization system, special in a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating as described in claim 1
Sign is d=0.03, m=30%.
5. a kind of control method of the carbonization reactor of the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating as described in claim 1-4,
It is characterized in that the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating includes feed system, carbonization system, discharge system, biogas
Change system, burned waste gas system, steam generating system and outer hot systems, the material outlet and carbonization system of the feed system connect
It connects, the waste outlet of the carbonization system is connect with discharge system, the exhanst gas outlet of carbonization system and the cigarette of burned waste gas system
The connection of gas entrance, the exhanst gas outlet of the burned waste gas system are connect with outer hot systems, the combustion gas of the biomass gasification system
Outlet is connect with the fuel gas inlet of burned waste gas system and outer hot systems respectively, and the exhanst gas outlet and steam of the outer hot systems are sent out
Raw system connection.
6. a kind of control method of the carbonization reactor of the hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating as claimed in claim 5,
It is characterized in that, the biomass gasification system includes hopper, gasification reactor, inder pot, cyclone dust collectors and air preheater, institute
Stating hopper lower part is hothouse, and the hothouse is internally provided with screw-feeder, and the outlet of the screw-feeder connects gas
Change the material inlet of reactor, the gasification reactor gas outlet connects cyclone dust collectors fuel gas inlet, the gasification reaction
Device connects inder pot, the fuel gas inlet of the gas outlet connection hothouse of the cyclone dust collectors, the combustion of the hothouse except cinder notch
The fuel gas inlet of gas outlet connection air preheater, the gas outlet of the air preheater lead to the burned waste gas system and outer of connecing
Hot systems.
7. a kind of hot charcoal co-generation system of biomass external heating, including control method described in one of claim 1-6.
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