CN110254327B - High-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage - Google Patents
High-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110254327B CN110254327B CN201910654999.4A CN201910654999A CN110254327B CN 110254327 B CN110254327 B CN 110254327B CN 201910654999 A CN201910654999 A CN 201910654999A CN 110254327 B CN110254327 B CN 110254327B
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
- B60P1/28—Tipping body constructions
- B60P1/283—Elements of tipping devices
- B60P1/286—Loading buckets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
- B60P7/02—Covering of load
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/023—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage, which comprises a front carriage plate, a rear carriage plate, two side carriage plates and a carriage bottom plate, wherein the side carriage plates comprise side plate upper edge beams, a canopy guide rail is integrally extruded on the side plate upper edge beams, and the canopy guide rail is arranged on one side, far away from the carriage, of the side plate upper edge beams; the side carriage plates are connected with the carriage bottom plate through a transition connecting plate, and a hollow anti-collision structure arranged along the length direction of the carriage is covered on the outer side of the transition connecting plate; the lower part of the carriage bottom plate is provided with a subframe, the front side of the subframe is connected with the carriage bottom plate through a jacking mechanism, the rear side of the subframe is pivoted with the rear side of the carriage bottom plate through a rotating shaft, and a protective steel plate is further arranged above the carriage bottom plate; the remarkable effects are as follows: not only the carriage structural strength is high, the production of being convenient for can resist great goods impact force moreover, and carriage anticollision performance is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dump truck light-weight carriages, in particular to a high-strength light-weight dump truck carriage assembly carriage.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing perfection of regulations of national related departments on road driving safety and the gradual enhancement of environmental protection consciousness of the whole society, the punishment of overtime overload of dump trucks by national law enforcement departments is also more and more severe. How to reduce the self weight of the dumper, obtain higher load and effectively reduce the exhaust emission, and become the innovation point of the technical innovation of the production enterprises of the dumper products in China. Therefore, weight reduction is the mainstream of development of the dump truck.
In the prior art, a carriage with an aluminum structure is proposed, and for the aluminum carriage, although energy can be saved, if the structure in the prior art is adopted, the longer the carriage is, the weaker the strength and rigidity of the carriage structure and the auxiliary frame structure are, and the bearing capacity is obviously reduced. Meanwhile, the aluminum car structure is weak in deformation resistance due to defects of aluminum materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength and light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage, which has high structural strength and can resist larger cargo impact force.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage is characterized in that: the side carriage plate comprises a side plate upper edge beam, a canopy guide rail is integrally extruded on the side plate upper edge beam, and the canopy guide rail is arranged on one side of the side plate upper edge beam far away from a carriage; the side carriage plates are connected with the carriage bottom plate through a transition connecting plate, and a hollow anti-collision structure arranged along the length direction of the carriage is covered on the outer side of the transition connecting plate; the lower part of the carriage bottom plate is provided with a subframe, the front side of the subframe is connected with the carriage bottom plate through a jacking mechanism, the rear side of the subframe is pivoted with the rear side of the carriage bottom plate through a rotating shaft, and a protective steel plate is further arranged above the carriage bottom plate;
the carriage bottom plate comprises a bottom plate cross beam and a bottom plate longitudinal beam which are in cross connection, a first bottom plate body and a second bottom plate body are arranged above the bottom plate cross beam and the bottom plate longitudinal beam, a reinforcing beam is integrally extruded and formed at the bottom of the first bottom plate body by adopting an aluminum alloy material, the reinforcing beam is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate cross beam, a plurality of second bottom plate bodies are arranged between two adjacent first bottom plate bodies, and the first bottom plate bodies and the second bottom plate bodies as well as the two adjacent second bottom plate bodies are fixedly connected by adopting friction welding;
the anti-collision structure comprises a first anti-collision area attached to the outer sides of the side carriage plates and the carriage bottom plate and a second anti-collision area connected to the outer sides of the first anti-collision area, the first anti-collision area and the second anti-collision area are hollow structures, the first anti-collision area is composed of a plurality of cavities with polygonal sections, and the second anti-collision area is connected to the middle of the first anti-collision area and protrudes out of the first anti-collision area;
the auxiliary frame comprises a first frame longitudinal beam and a second frame longitudinal beam which are arranged along the length direction of a carriage, a plurality of frame cross beams are connected between the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam, the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam adopt a multi-cavity structure formed by integrally extruding aluminum alloy, and the structures of the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam are consistent, wherein the upper side and the lower side of the first frame longitudinal beam extend towards the left side and the right side of the first frame longitudinal beam to form convex edges, a containing groove is formed between the convex edges on the upper side and the lower side, a first reinforcing plate and a second reinforcing plate are respectively arranged on the front side, the middle side and the rear side of the containing groove, the depth of the containing groove is consistent with the thickness of the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate, and the edges on the upper side and the lower side of the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate are welded and fixed with the convex edges in a friction welding mode;
the protection steel plate is composed of a bottom steel plate and side steel plates which are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom steel plate, wherein the bottom steel plate is supported on the carriage bottom plate, two side edges of the bottom steel plate are respectively connected and fixed with two sides of the carriage bottom plate, the lower side of the side steel plate is connected and fixed with the carriage bottom plate, and the upper side of the side steel plate is connected and fixed with the bottom of the carriage side plate.
Further, two sides of the lower part of the bottom plate longitudinal beam respectively extend outwards to form flanges; a notch which is matched with the size of the bottom plate longitudinal beam is formed in the reinforcing beam, the bottom plate longitudinal beam is clamped in the notch, the lower surface of the reinforcing beam is flush with the lower surface of the flange, the lower surface of the reinforcing beam and the lower surface of the flange are welded and fixed in a friction welding mode, and the rest contact parts of the reinforcing beam and the bottom plate longitudinal beam are welded and fixed in an argon arc welding mode; the cross section of the first bottom plate body and the stiffening beam is of a T-shaped structure, wherein the first bottom plate body forms a transverse part of the T-shaped structure, and the stiffening beam forms a vertical part of the T-shaped structure.
Further, the first bottom plate body and the second bottom plate body all adopt double-deck aluminum plate structures, are formed with the supporting wall between double-deck aluminum plate.
Further, the first bottom plate body and the second bottom plate body both adopt a multi-cavity structure.
Further, mounting grooves in the shape of inverted T are formed in the bottom plate edge beams on the left side and the right side of the carriage bottom plate respectively, the mounting grooves are formed along the length direction of the carriage, T-shaped steel connecting pieces are clamped in the mounting grooves, the transverse parts of the steel connecting pieces are clamped in the mounting grooves, the vertical parts of the steel connecting pieces are arranged upwards, the upper ends of the steel connecting pieces protrude out of the upper side edges of the mounting grooves, and the lower side edges of the bottom steel plates and the side steel plates are welded and fixed with the side walls on the two sides of the steel connecting pieces; the side of the carriage side plate, which is close to the carriage, is provided with a T-shaped clamping groove, T-shaped steel is arranged in the clamping groove, the vertical part of the T-shaped steel extends out of the clamping groove, and the upper side edge of the side steel plate is welded and fixed with the lower side wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped steel.
Further, the notch is in an inverted T shape, the longitudinal part of the notch is adapted to the bottom plate longitudinal beam above the flange, the bottom plate longitudinal beam below the flange protrudes out of the lower surface of the reinforcing cross beam, and the transverse part of the notch is adapted to the flange.
Further, a relief groove adapted to the transverse portion of the notch is formed in the flange, and when the bottom plate longitudinal beam is clamped in the notch, the inner wall of the relief groove is contacted with the inner wall of the transverse portion of the notch; the bottom plate longitudinal beam and the flange are integrally extruded and formed by adopting aluminum alloy, and the bottom plate longitudinal beam adopts a multi-cavity structure.
Further, a reinforcing frame is connected between the rear end of the first frame longitudinal beam and the rear end of the second frame longitudinal beam, the reinforcing frame is in an X shape, and each end of the reinforcing frame is connected to the connection position of the first frame longitudinal beam and the frame cross beam or the connection position of the second frame longitudinal beam and the frame cross beam.
Further, the top of each of the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam is integrally extruded with a guide rail, and the guide rail is formed at the outer side edge of the first frame longitudinal beam or the second frame longitudinal beam and is arranged outwards.
Further, the rear ends of the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam are respectively provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting holes are used for mounting the rotating shaft for carriage rotation.
The invention has the remarkable effects that:
1. the carriage bottom plate structure with the stiffening beam is integrally extruded, so that the base material is prevented from being weakened during welding, and the overall strength of the carriage bottom plate is improved;
2. the bottom plate longitudinal beam and the flange structure which are integrally extruded are clamped with the notch formed in the reinforcing beam, then the bottom of the reinforcing beam and the bottom of the bottom plate longitudinal beam are connected and fixed by friction welding, and other joints are welded in a traditional mode, so that the influence of welding heat on the material strength in the traditional connecting structure is reduced, the integral strength of the bottom plate structure is effectively enhanced, and the strength and the rigidity of a carriage are further ensured;
3. the auxiliary frame is locally reinforced by adopting the reinforcing plate at the stress concentration part between the extrusion-molded convex edges, and the reinforcing plate is connected with the longitudinal beam by adopting friction welding, so that the strength of the base metal is reserved by 30% more than that of the conventional welding, and the strength loss of the base metal due to the heated hard gas of the welding is effectively reduced;
4. the auxiliary frame adopts a multi-cavity structure formed by extrusion of aluminum alloy, and the deformation resistance of the structure is higher than that of a steel structure under the condition of using the raw materials with the same volume, so that the raw material cost is saved;
5. the T-shaped mounting groove and the clamping groove are matched with the T-shaped steel connecting piece and the T-shaped steel on the bottom plate boundary beam, so that the fixed connection between the carriage bottom protection steel plate and the aluminum carriage bottom plate is realized, the composite use of different materials is realized, the problem that different materials cannot be directly welded and fixed in the prior art is solved, and meanwhile, the shock resistance and the deformation resistance of the carriage bottom are improved;
6. through the side direction honeycomb-like structure additionally arranged at the side bottom of the carriage, when the carriage is impacted, the second anti-collision area and the first anti-collision area are deformed step by step inwards to uniformly distribute the impact force, so that the impact on the carriage in the traditional structure is effectively avoided, the anti-impact capability of the carriage is improved, and the light weight of the carriage is facilitated;
7. through with integrative extrusion of canopy guide rail and curb plate roof rail, not only reduced intensity of labour, reduced process, production efficiency is higher moreover, has avoided adopting the welding mode to realize the influence that guide rail and curb plate connection brought to carriage curb plate intensity, helps guaranteeing the bulk strength and the rigidity of carriage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention from one perspective;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of C in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of D of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of E in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view of F in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the floor;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial schematic view of G of FIG. 11;
fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a connection state of the reinforcement beam and the floor side member;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the reinforcement beam at the gap;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the floor stringer;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the subframe;
fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first frame rail.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments and working principles of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 18, a high-strength and light-weight dumper assembly comprises a front compartment plate 1, a rear compartment plate 2, two symmetrical side compartment plates 3 and a compartment bottom plate 4, wherein an auxiliary frame 5 is further arranged below the compartment bottom plate 4, the connection between a compartment and a vehicle underframe is realized through the auxiliary frame 5, the front side of the auxiliary frame 5 is connected with the compartment bottom plate 4 through a jacking mechanism 6, and the rear side of the auxiliary frame 5 is pivoted with the rear side of the compartment bottom plate 4 through a rotating shaft 7 so as to realize the lifting of the compartment and the self-unloading process of cargoes. Meanwhile, the side carriage plate 3 is connected with the carriage bottom plate 4 through a transition connecting plate 8, and an anti-collision structure 9 arranged along the length direction of the carriage is covered on the outer side of the transition connecting plate 8, so that the direct impact on the carriage is avoided, and the anti-collision capacity of the carriage is improved. In addition, a protective steel plate 10 is further arranged above the carriage bottom plate 4 to overcome the problem that the loading and unloading goods impact the aluminum carriage bottom plate 4, avoid deformation of the carriage bottom plate 4 and prolong the service life of the carriage bottom plate 4.
Regarding the front cabin board 1 and the rear cabin board 2:
the front carriage plate 1 and the rear carriage plate 2 are identical in structure and are composed of an aluminum frame structure which is adaptive to the cross section shape of the carriage and a double-layer aluminum plate arranged in the frame structure; therefore, the aluminum alloy material has better deformation resistance under the condition of using the aluminum alloy material with the same volume. The front compartment plate 1 and the rear compartment plate 2 are mounted and fixed in a conventional manner, and will not be described here.
The mounting and locking structure of the rear compartment plate 2 is not limited to the illustrated shape.
Regarding the side deck boards 3:
the side car body plate 3 includes a side plate upper side beam 301, a side plate lower side beam 302, a side plate front side beam (not shown), a side plate rear side beam (not shown), and a side plate body 303 connected between the side beams, wherein the side plate upper side beam 301 includes an upper side beam body 301a with an inverted L-shaped cross section, a lateral portion of the upper side beam body 301a is disposed towards an outer side of the car body, a canopy guide rail 304 is integrally extruded on a vertical portion of the upper side beam body 301a, and the canopy guide rail 304 is disposed towards an outer side of the car body, see fig. 5.
The canopy guide rail 304 includes a connecting portion 304a and a guide rail portion 304b, the connecting portion 304a is connected between the guide rail portion 304b and the roof side rail body 301a, the cross section of the guide rail portion 304b is circular arc, and the diameter of the circular arc is greater than the height of the connecting portion 304a, so that the upper and lower sides of the guide rail portion 304b form a limiting effect on the canopy, and the canopy is prevented from sliding out of the canopy guide rail 304.
Preferably, the side plate body 303 adopts a double-layer aluminum plate structure to ensure the overall strength and deformation resistance. Specifically, the side plate body 303 is formed by a first plate body, a second plate body, a third plate body and a fourth plate body which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the first plate body, the second plate body, the third plate body and the fourth plate body are all formed by adopting aluminum alloy extrusion, wherein the thickness of the first plate body and the second plate body is consistent with the thickness of the upper edge beam of the side plate, and the thickness of the third plate body and the thickness of the lower edge beam of the side plate are consistent.
Further, the thickness of the upper side portion of the first plate body is consistent with the thickness of the vertical portion of the upper side beam of the side plate, the first plate body is contacted with the upper side beam of the side plate through a step surface, the lower side portion of the first plate body is consistent with the thickness of the upper side portion of the second plate body, an inclined surface is formed between the thicker portion and the thinner portion of the first plate body, the thickness of the upper side portion of the second plate body is consistent with the thickness of the lower side portion of the first plate body, the thickness of the lower side portion of the second plate body is consistent with the thickness of the third plate body, a step surface is formed between the thicker portion and the thinner portion of the second plate body, the third plate body is contacted with the fourth plate body through a plane, and the fourth plate body is contacted with the lower side beam of the side plate through a step surface.
Regarding the floor 4:
referring to fig. 10 to fig. 16, in this example, the cabin floor 4 includes a floor side beam 407, and a cross-connected floor longitudinal beam 401 and a floor cross beam 402 connected inside the floor side beam 407, where the floor longitudinal beam 401, the floor cross beam 402, and the floor side beam 407 form a rectangular frame structure (in other embodiments, may also form other polygons, etc.), where the floor longitudinal beam 401 is disposed along the length direction of the cabin, a first floor body 403 and a second floor body 404 are laid on the rectangular frame structure, a reinforcing beam 405 is integrally extruded at the bottom of the first floor body 403 by using an aluminum alloy material, the reinforcing beam 405 is disposed parallel to the floor cross beam 402, and a plurality of second floor bodies 404 are disposed between two adjacent first floor bodies 403, and friction welding is fixedly connected between the first floor body 403 and the second floor bodies 404 and between two adjacent second floor bodies 404. It will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the second bottom plate bodies 404 disposed between the first bottom plate bodies 403 may be any number between 0 and N, that is, if the loading capacity of the vehicle cabin is large, the reinforcement beams 405 are disposed more densely, the vehicle cabin bottom plate 4 may be formed by sequentially splicing the first bottom plate bodies 403, and if the loading capacity is small, the setting interval of the reinforcement beams 405 is increased, so that the second bottom plate bodies 404 belong to unnecessary components.
The stiffening beam 405 and the carriage bottom plate 4 are welded in the prior art, and the stiffening beam 405 and the carriage bottom plate 4 are integrally extruded to form, so that the base metal is prevented from being weakened after welding, and meanwhile, the production mode of integrally extruding is adopted, so that the process steps are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Because the deformation resistance of the double-layer aluminum plate structure is greater than that of the single-layer steel plate when the same volume of raw materials are used, the first bottom plate body 403 and the second bottom plate body 404 in this example both adopt double-layer aluminum plate structures, so that the deformation resistance of the carriage bottom plate 4 is enhanced.
In this example, a supporting step 407a is formed on a side of the floor side beam 407 near the cabin, and the supporting step 407a is used for supporting the first floor body 403 and the second floor body 404; a limit protrusion 407b is formed on one side of the carriage far away from the bottom plate side beam 407, and the limit protrusion 407b is used for being clamped with the side carriage plate 3 to realize the closed connection between the side carriage plate 3 and the carriage bottom plate 4; the mounting groove 408 is located between the support step 407a and the limit protrusion 407 b.
In this example, the floor edge beam 407 and the mounting groove 408 are integrally formed by extrusion, so as to simplify the production process and enhance the structural strength of the floor edge beam 407.
Regarding the floor stringer 401:
two sides of the lower part of the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 respectively extend outwards to form flanges 401a; the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 and the flange 401a are integrally extruded and formed by adopting aluminum alloy, and the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 adopts a multi-cavity structure so as to enhance deformation resistance.
Further, the floor stringer 401 has four cavities, and the height of the cavities on both sides of the upper side is greater than that of the cavities on both sides of the lower side, and the separation of the cavities on both sides of the upper and lower sides is adapted to the forming position of the flange 401 a.
Regarding the connection between the floor stringers 401 and the reinforcement beams 405:
the reinforcing beam 405 is provided with a notch 406 adapted to the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401, the notch 406 is in an inverted T shape, a longitudinal portion of the notch 406 is adapted to the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 above the flange 401a, the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 below the flange 401a protrudes from the lower surface of the reinforcing beam 405, a transverse portion of the notch 406 is adapted to the flange 401a, and when the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 is clamped in the notch 406 formed in the reinforcing beam 405, the lower surface of the reinforcing beam 405 is flush with the lower surface of the flange 401a, thereby meeting the requirement of a large plane required by friction welding. Therefore, the lower surface of the reinforcement beam 405 and the lower surface of the flange 401a are welded and fixed by friction welding, and the rest of the contact part between the reinforcement beam 405 and the floor longitudinal beam 401 is welded and fixed by argon arc welding.
The traditional bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 and the bottom plate transverse beam 402 are welded by argon arc welding, triangular blocks are added for reinforcement at the defects of strength, the construction process is complex, the material strength can be changed when the welding is heated, and the connection strength is limited. In this embodiment, the first base plate body 403 with the reinforcing beam 405 and the base plate longitudinal beam 401 with the flange 401a which are integrally extruded are adopted to perform structural clamping, and the friction welding part is added to enhance the overall strength of the base plate, so that the influence of heat of the traditional welding mode on the strength of the base material is reduced.
Preferably, the flange 401a is provided with a relief groove 401b corresponding to the transverse portion of the notch 406, and when the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 is clamped in the notch 406, the inner wall of the relief groove 401b contacts with the inner wall of the transverse portion of the notch 406, so that friction welding is facilitated.
It should be understood that the connection between the reinforcement beam 405 and the floor stringer 402 is not limited to the floor 4, and other frame-type connection structures, such as those required to connect the cross beam to the stringer, may be used.
Regarding the sub frame 5:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 17 and 18, the auxiliary frame 5 is in a rectangular frame structure, and has a first frame longitudinal beam 501 and a second frame longitudinal beam 502 which are arranged in the same direction as the length direction of the carriage, the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502 are structurally consistent and are arranged back to each other, a plurality of frame cross beams 503 are connected between the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502, the frame cross beams 503 are arranged along the width direction of the carriage, the front sides of the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502 are provided with a jacking mechanism 6 through brackets, and mounting holes 504 used for being connected with a rotating shaft 7 are formed at the rear ends of the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502, so that the carriage can rotate at a certain angle under the action of the installed rotating shaft 7, and the purpose of self-unloading is achieved.
Specifically, the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502 adopt a multi-cavity structure formed by integrally extruding aluminum alloy, the upper side and the lower side of the first frame longitudinal beam 501 extend to the left side and the right side of the first frame longitudinal beam to form convex edges 505, a containing groove 506 is formed between the convex edges 505 on the upper side and the lower side, a first reinforcing plate 507 and a second reinforcing plate 508 are respectively arranged on the front side, the middle side and the rear side of the containing cavity, the depth of the containing groove 506 is consistent with the thicknesses of the first reinforcing plate 507 and the second reinforcing plate 508, and the edges on the upper side and the lower side of the first reinforcing plate 507 and the second reinforcing plate 508 are welded and fixed with the convex edges 505 in a friction welding mode.
Further, a reinforcement frame 509 is connected between the rear end of the first frame rail 501 and the rear end of the second frame rail 502, the reinforcement frame 509 has an X-shape, and four top ends of the reinforcement frame 509 are connected to the connection parts of the first frame rail 501, the second frame rail 502 and the frame cross member 503, so that the structural strength of the subframe 5 at the rotational stress concentration part is further reinforced by the reinforcement frame 509 of the structure.
In this example, the first reinforcing plate 507 extends from the front side of the accommodating groove 506 to a seventh position thereof, and the second reinforcing plate 508 extends from two fifths position of the accommodating groove 506 to the rear end thereof, so as to adapt to the stress concentration positions at the two ends of the subframe 5, namely, the front side jacking mechanism and the rear side rotating mechanism, thereby effectively enhancing the structural strength of the subframe 5.
The auxiliary frame 5 adopting the structure adopts a multi-cavity structure, and the deformation resistance of the structure is higher than that of the traditional I-steel structure when the same volume of raw materials are used; secondly, by combining the local reinforcement and friction welding, at least 30% of the strength of the base metal is reserved more than that of the traditional welding mode, so that the strength of the auxiliary frame 5 is greatly increased.
Preferably, the top parts of the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502 are further integrally extruded to form a guide rail 510, the guide rail 510 is formed with the outer side edges of the first frame longitudinal beam 501 and the second frame longitudinal beam 502 and is arranged outwards, and the bottom plate longitudinal beam 401 is guided by the guide rail 510 in the falling process after the carriage is lifted.
Regarding the impact structure 9:
as shown in fig. 6, the anti-collision structure 9 includes a first anti-collision area 901 attached to the outer side of the transition connection board 8 and a second anti-collision area 902 connected to the outer side of the first anti-collision area 901, where the first anti-collision area 901 and the second anti-collision area 902 are hollow structures, the first anti-collision area 901 is formed by a plurality of cavities with polygonal cross sections, the second anti-collision area 902 is connected to the middle of the first anti-collision area 901 and protrudes out of the first anti-collision area 901, an arc surface is adopted at the connection part of the first anti-collision area 901 and the second anti-collision area 902 for transition, and the cross section of the protruding part of the second anti-collision area 902 is an arc.
The first collision avoidance area 901 is provided with a first collision avoidance cavity 9011, a second collision avoidance cavity 9012, a third collision avoidance cavity 9013, a fourth collision avoidance cavity 9014 and a fifth collision avoidance cavity 9015 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the outer surfaces of the first collision avoidance cavity 9011, the second collision avoidance cavity 9012, the third collision avoidance cavity 9013, the fourth collision avoidance cavity 9014 and the fifth collision avoidance cavity 9015 are all arc-shaped, wherein the first collision avoidance cavity 9011 is connected with the bottom of the side carriage plate 3, the fifth collision avoidance cavity 9015 is connected with the carriage bottom plate 4, and the first collision avoidance cavity 9011, the second collision avoidance cavity 9012, the third collision avoidance cavity 9013, the fourth collision avoidance cavity 9014 are C-shaped after being connected with the fifth collision avoidance cavity 9015. It will be appreciated that in the implementation, the first crash area 3 may also be formed as a different number of crash cavities, or a different shape.
Further, the second anti-collision area 902 is connected between the third anti-collision cavity 9013 and the fourth anti-collision cavity 9014, and two sides of the second anti-collision area 902 extend to the middle part of the third anti-collision cavity 9013 and the middle part of the fourth anti-collision cavity 9014 respectively, so that the impact force born by the second anti-collision area 902 is better dispersed to the first anti-collision area 901, and the force dispersing effect of the anti-collision structure 9 is further ensured.
Preferably, protruding portions 901a are formed outside the third collision avoidance cavity 9013 and the fourth collision avoidance cavity 9014, a transitional cambered surface is formed between the protruding portions 901a and the second collision avoidance cavity 9012 and between the protruding portions 901a and the fifth collision avoidance cavity 9015, and the protruding portions 901a are connected with the second collision avoidance area 902.
In this example, through above-mentioned class honeycomb to can be when receiving the striking, inwards take place deformation step by step through second anticollision district 902 and first anticollision district 901, thereby evenly distributed receives the impact force, effectively avoided the direct impact to the carriage in the traditional structure, improved the anti-collision ability of carriage.
It will be appreciated that the transition connection plate 8 is not an essential structure, and the connection between the floor 4 and the side panels 3 can be directly achieved by the anti-collision structure 9 in this example, so as to further reduce components and process steps.
Regarding the shield steel sheet 10:
as shown in fig. 4, the protection steel plate 10 is composed of a bottom steel plate 10a and side steel plates 10b respectively provided at both sides of the bottom steel plate 10a, wherein the bottom steel plate 10a is supported on the floor 4, both side edges of the bottom steel plate 10a are respectively connected and fixed to both sides of the floor 4, the lower side of the side steel plate 10b is connected and fixed to the floor 4, and the upper side thereof is connected and fixed to the bottom of the side floor 3.
Regarding the connection fixation between the bottom steel plate 10a, the side steel plates 10b and the floor 4:
as shown in fig. 7, the floor side beams 407 on the left and right sides of the carriage floor 4 are respectively formed with an installation groove 408 in the shape of an inverted T, the installation grooves 408 are arranged along the length direction of the carriage, T-shaped steel connectors 409 are clamped in the installation grooves 408, the transverse parts of the steel connectors 409 are clamped in the installation grooves 408, the vertical parts of the steel connectors 409 are arranged upwards, the upper ends of the steel connectors protrude from the upper side edges of the installation grooves 408, and the lower side edges of the bottom steel plates 10a and the side steel plates 10b are welded and fixed with the side walls of the two sides of the steel connectors 409.
Regarding the connection between the side steel plate 10b and the side cabin plate 3:
as shown in fig. 8, a T-shaped clamping groove 305 is formed in a side, close to the cabin, of the side plate lower edge beam 302 of the side cabin plate 3, a T-shaped steel 306 is arranged in the clamping groove 305, a vertical portion of the T-shaped steel 306 extends out of the clamping groove 305, and an upper side edge of the side steel plate 10b is welded and fixed with a lower side wall of the vertical portion of the T-shaped steel 306.
It is well known that steel materials and aluminum materials cannot be connected and fixed in a welding mode, so that the connection structure is used for connecting and fixing different materials between the steel plate and the aluminum plate, the composite use of the different materials is realized, and a foundation is laid for realizing the weight reduction and high strength of a carriage.
In this embodiment, through reinforcing carriage bottom plate 4, sub vehicle frame 5, locate crashproof structure and the guard steel plate 10 etc. of carriage bottom plate 4 top of locating both sides bottom, both strengthened the overall structural strength of aluminium system carriage, satisfied the requirement of aluminium system lightweight carriage to carriage bulk strength, still made the carriage have sufficient structural anti-deformation ability simultaneously, guaranteed the intensity and the rigidity of carriage for aluminium system carriage can adapt to long carriage.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high strength lightweight self-discharging carriage assembly railway carriage or compartment, includes preceding carriage or compartment board, back carriage or compartment board, two symmetrical side carriage or compartment boards and the carriage bottom plate that set up, its characterized in that: the side carriage plate comprises a side plate upper edge beam, a canopy guide rail is integrally extruded on the side plate upper edge beam, and the canopy guide rail is arranged on one side of the side plate upper edge beam far away from the carriage; the side carriage plates are connected with the carriage bottom plate through a transition connecting plate, and a hollow anti-collision structure arranged along the length direction of the carriage is covered on the outer side of the transition connecting plate; the lower part of the carriage bottom plate is provided with a subframe, the front side of the subframe is connected with the carriage bottom plate through a jacking mechanism, the rear side of the subframe is pivoted with the rear side of the carriage bottom plate through a rotating shaft, and a protective steel plate is further arranged above the carriage bottom plate;
the carriage bottom plate comprises a bottom plate cross beam and a bottom plate longitudinal beam which are in cross connection, a first bottom plate body and a second bottom plate body are arranged above the bottom plate cross beam and the bottom plate longitudinal beam, a reinforcing beam is integrally extruded and formed at the bottom of the first bottom plate body by adopting an aluminum alloy material, the reinforcing beam is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate cross beam, a plurality of second bottom plate bodies are arranged between two adjacent first bottom plate bodies, and the first bottom plate bodies and the second bottom plate bodies as well as the two adjacent second bottom plate bodies are fixedly connected by adopting friction welding;
the anti-collision structure comprises a first anti-collision area attached to the outer sides of the side carriage plates and the carriage bottom plate and a second anti-collision area connected to the outer sides of the first anti-collision area, the first anti-collision area and the second anti-collision area are hollow structures, the first anti-collision area is composed of a plurality of cavities with polygonal sections, and the second anti-collision area is connected to the middle of the first anti-collision area and protrudes out of the first anti-collision area;
the auxiliary frame comprises a first frame longitudinal beam and a second frame longitudinal beam which are arranged along the length direction of a carriage, a plurality of frame cross beams are connected between the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam, the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam adopt a multi-cavity structure formed by integrally extruding aluminum alloy, and the structures of the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam are consistent, wherein the upper side and the lower side of the first frame longitudinal beam extend towards the left side and the right side of the first frame longitudinal beam to form convex edges, a containing groove is formed between the convex edges on the upper side and the lower side, a first reinforcing plate and a second reinforcing plate are respectively arranged on the front side, the middle side and the rear side of the containing groove, the depth of the containing groove is consistent with the thickness of the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate, and the edges on the upper side and the lower side of the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate are welded and fixed with the convex edges in a friction welding mode;
the protection steel plate consists of a bottom steel plate and side steel plates which are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom steel plate, wherein the bottom steel plate is supported on the carriage bottom plate, the edges of the two sides of the bottom steel plate are respectively connected and fixed with the two sides of the carriage bottom plate, the lower side of the side steel plate is connected and fixed with the carriage bottom plate, and the upper side of the side steel plate is connected and fixed with the bottom of the side carriage plate;
the two sides of the carriage bottom plate are respectively provided with a bottom plate edge beam which is in an inverted T shape, the mounting grooves are arranged along the length direction of the carriage, T-shaped steel connecting pieces are clamped in the mounting grooves, the transverse parts of the steel connecting pieces are clamped in the mounting grooves, the vertical parts of the steel connecting pieces are arranged upwards, the upper ends of the steel connecting pieces are protruded out of the upper side edges of the mounting grooves, and the lower side edges of the bottom steel plates and the side steel plates are welded and fixed with the side walls of the two sides of the steel connecting pieces; a T-shaped clamping groove is formed in one side, close to a carriage, of the side carriage plate, T-shaped steel is arranged in the clamping groove, the vertical part of the T-shaped steel extends out of the clamping groove, and the upper side edge of the side steel plate is welded and fixed with the lower side wall of the vertical part of the T-shaped steel;
the first bottom plate body and the second bottom plate body both adopt a multi-cavity structure.
2. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 1 wherein: two sides of the lower part of the bottom plate longitudinal beam respectively extend outwards to form flanges; a notch which is matched with the size of the bottom plate longitudinal beam is formed in the reinforcing beam, the bottom plate longitudinal beam is clamped in the notch, the lower surface of the reinforcing beam is flush with the lower surface of the flange, the lower surface of the reinforcing beam and the lower surface of the flange are welded and fixed in a friction welding mode, and the rest contact parts of the reinforcing beam and the bottom plate longitudinal beam are welded and fixed in an argon arc welding mode; the cross section of the first bottom plate body and the stiffening beam is of a T-shaped structure, wherein the first bottom plate body forms a transverse part of the T-shaped structure, and the stiffening beam forms a vertical part of the T-shaped structure.
3. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 2 wherein: the first bottom plate body and the second bottom plate body are both of double-layer aluminum plate structures, and supporting walls are formed between the double-layer aluminum plates.
4. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 2 wherein: the notch is of an inverted T shape, the longitudinal part of the notch is adapted to the bottom plate longitudinal beam above the flange, the bottom plate longitudinal beam below the flange protrudes out of the lower surface of the stiffening beam, and the transverse part of the notch is adapted to the flange.
5. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 2 wherein: the flange is provided with a yielding groove which is adapted to the transverse part of the notch, and when the bottom plate longitudinal beam is clamped in the notch, the inner wall of the yielding groove is contacted with the inner wall of the transverse part of the notch; the bottom plate longitudinal beam and the flange are integrally extruded and formed by adopting aluminum alloy, and the bottom plate longitudinal beam adopts a multi-cavity structure.
6. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 1 wherein: a reinforcing frame is connected between the rear end of the first frame longitudinal beam and the rear end of the second frame longitudinal beam, the reinforcing frame is in an X shape, and each end of the reinforcing frame is connected to the joint of the first frame longitudinal beam and the frame cross beam or the joint of the second frame longitudinal beam and the frame cross beam.
7. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly of claim 6 wherein: the top of first frame longeron and second frame longeron all integrative extrusion has the guide rail, the guide rail form in the outside edge of first frame longeron or second frame longeron and outwards set up.
8. The high strength lightweight dump truck assembly compartment of claim 1 or 6 or 7, wherein: and mounting holes are formed at the rear ends of the first frame longitudinal beam and the second frame longitudinal beam, and are used for mounting the rotating shaft for carriage rotation.
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| CN201910654999.4A CN110254327B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | High-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage |
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| CN201910654999.4A CN110254327B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | High-strength light-weight self-discharging carriage assembly carriage |
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| CN110254327B true CN110254327B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN215154177U (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-12-14 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Dumper carriage bottom plate, dumper carriage and dumper |
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| JPH10297527A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Chassis frame for dump truck |
| CN202879295U (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-04-17 | 张忠成 | Lightweight self-discharging and semi-trailer car body |
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