CN110249761B - Negative-pressure seed-sucking positive-pressure seed-clearing type precision seed sowing device and seed sowing method thereof - Google Patents
Negative-pressure seed-sucking positive-pressure seed-clearing type precision seed sowing device and seed sowing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110249761B CN110249761B CN201910550529.3A CN201910550529A CN110249761B CN 110249761 B CN110249761 B CN 110249761B CN 201910550529 A CN201910550529 A CN 201910550529A CN 110249761 B CN110249761 B CN 110249761B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108010016634 Seed Storage Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device and a seed sowing method thereof. The seeding system comprises a gas circuit system consisting of a gas suction channel, a sealing ring, a negative pressure pipe, a positive pressure pipe, a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a seed suction branch pipe and a seed suction nozzle, a circuit system consisting of a combined type electric brush ring, a negative slide ring guide rail, a main control slide ring guide rail and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, and a seeding system consisting of a seed chamber, a flexible seed baffle plate, a current limiting plate and the like; and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged on the support plate and is jointed with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, the lead of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a combined electric brush ring, and the electric brush is contacted with the slip ring guide rail. The invention drives the combined brush ring for supplying power to the electromagnetic valve to rotate through the rotation of the chassis, realizes the conversion between the power supply and the power failure of the electromagnetic valve through the contact between the electric brush arranged on the combined brush ring and the conductive track and the non-conductive track in the guide rail of the main control slip ring, enables the electromagnetic valve to act, and realizes the functions of negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to precise seeding of grains, which is mainly used for a rice direct seeding machine, in particular to a negative-pressure seed-sucking positive-pressure seed-cleaning type precise seed sowing device.
Background
The seeding part (seed sowing device) is used as a core part of the rice direct seeding machine, the structure and the seeding performance of the seeding part have direct influence on the seeding quality of the seeding machine, the performance of the seeding part is directly related to the seeding quality and efficiency, and the seeding part has an important effect on the development of a rice direct seeding technology.
At present, seed metering devices commonly used at home and abroad can be divided into two types of mechanical type and pneumatic type according to the working principle. The mechanical seed sowing device has the advantages of relatively simple structure and low cost, but the mechanical seed sowing device has strict requirements on the shape of seeds, obvious phenomenon of seed damage caused by extrusion in the seed filling process, poor single-seed sowing performance and low sowing speed, so that the mechanical seed sowing device is not researched much in the precise seed sowing device. The pneumatic seeding apparatus has three forms, namely an air suction type seeding apparatus, an air pressure type seeding apparatus and an air blowing type seeding apparatus, wherein the air suction type seeding apparatus can overcome the defects of the mechanical seeding apparatus, has low requirements on the geometric dimensions of seeds, does not need selection and classification, is easy to realize single-seed seeding, has good universality, can replace suction holes with different sizes and quantities to adapt to the planting requirements of different crops, has the advantages of high operation speed and low seed damage rate, is an advanced seeding technology, and therefore has wide attention in the research of precision seeding apparatuses, and the positive pressure state has the advantages of seed sowing which are not possessed by other seed clearing modes, has very excellent seed clearing effect and has very large application prospect.
The pneumatic seeding apparatus has a very high application prospect, however, the current pneumatic seeding apparatus still cannot well coordinate the contradiction between the seeding speed and the seeding quality, the seed damage condition can be reduced under the pneumatic condition, the seeding precision can be solved by using various seed guiding devices, but the seeding speed still needs to be greatly improved, and the problem that the abrasion of the seeding apparatus causes the influence on the air chamber and the whole work needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, in order to ensure the seeding speed under the condition of low seed damage rate, a continuous pneumatic seeding device needs to be researched, the physical state change is reduced through the use of a new technology, the seeding speed is accelerated, and the abrasion of a mechanical device is reduced, so that the requirements on the field use efficiency and the economy can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to simplify a control system, accelerate the seeding speed and realize continuous pneumatic seeding through the design of a mechanical structure, and provides a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precise seed sowing device.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device comprises a seed chamber, a seed suction nozzle, a seed suction branch pipe, a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a supporting disk, a negative pressure pipe, a positive pressure pipe, a supporting frame, a bearing seat, a bearing, a hollow shaft, a power wheel, an electromagnetic valve fixing plate, a combined type electric brush ring, a main control slip ring guide rail, a gas suction channel, a supporting frame bearing, a sealing ring, a negative electrode slip ring guide rail, a current limiting plate and an intermediate baffle plate;
the seed storage chamber is formed by enclosing a left side plate, a right side plate, a front panel, a rear arc plate and a flexible baffle plate, a funnel-shaped seed storage area is arranged at the upper part of the seed storage chamber, an opening is formed in the bottom of the seed storage area, and a flow limiting plate for controlling the size of the opening is arranged at the opening;
the air suction channel is fixed on a preformed hole of the left side plate of the chamber, the right side of the air suction channel is surrounded along the outer wall and is fixedly provided with a main control sliding ring guide rail and a negative sliding ring guide rail through keys, and the tail end of the air suction channel is inserted into the left side of the sealing ring; the negative pressure pipe and the positive pressure pipe are fixed back to back and are fixed on the supporting disc through the supporting frame, and the left side of the negative pressure pipe is inserted into the right side of the sealing ring and is communicated with the air suction channel; n negative pressure branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the negative pressure pipe, N positive pressure branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the positive pressure pipe, and one negative pressure branch pipe and one positive pressure branch pipe form a group and are connected with two channels of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve; the outer ring of the bearing of the support frame is nested on the support frame, and the inner ring is nested with the air suction channel; the main control slip ring guide rail and the negative slip ring guide rail are respectively matched with a combined brush ring; a positive terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the main control slip ring guide rail through a combined brush ring to obtain electricity, and a negative terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the negative slip ring guide rail through another combined brush ring to obtain electricity; the guide rail of the main control slip ring guide rail is divided into two sections, one section is a conductive track, the other section is a non-conductive track, and the whole track of the cathode slip ring guide rail is the conductive track; each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is alternately powered off and on in the rotating process; one side of each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with a negative pressure branch pipe and a positive pressure branch pipe, a channel on the other side of each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with a seed suction branch pipe, the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe is respectively connected with a plurality of seed suction nozzles through branch pipes, and the seed suction nozzles, the seed suction branch pipes, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valves, the positive pressure pipes and the negative pressure pipes are fixed on a supporting plate and synchronously; a hollow shaft is fixed on the right side of the supporting plate and penetrates through a preformed hole in the right cover plate; the right cover plate is fixed on a right side plate of the chamber, a bearing seat is coaxially fixed at the position of the reserved hole, and a bearing is embedded in the bearing seat; the hollow shaft penetrates through the bearing, and the outer side of the hollow shaft is connected with a power wheel; an intermediate baffle plate parallel to the right panel is arranged between the left panel and the right panel below the room, the flexible seed baffle plate is riveted on the lower portion of the rear arc plate of the room, the flexible seed baffle plate, the rear arc plate, the intermediate baffle plate and the right panel are enclosed to form a seed suction area, a seed suction nozzle and a seed suction branch pipe are reserved on the flexible seed baffle plate and rotate to pass through a required hollow, and all the seed suction nozzles and the seed suction branch pipes enter the seed suction area after sequentially passing through the hollow in the rotating process.
Preferably, in the main control slip ring guide rail, the conductive track is positioned below, and the non-conductive track is positioned above; when the combined brush ring rotates along with the support disc outside the main control slip ring guide rail, the brushes on the combined brush ring are in alternate contact with the conductive track and the non-conductive track, so that the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is powered off when the brushes are at the position of the non-conductive track, and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is powered on when the brushes are at the position of the conductive track; when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is powered off, the seed suction nozzle is positioned in the seed suction area, and a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle, the seed suction branch pipe, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, the negative pressure pipe, the sealing ring and the air suction channel is opened to finish the negative pressure seed suction of the seed suction nozzle; when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is electrified, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle, the seed suction branch pipe, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve and the positive pressure pipe is opened to finish positive pressure seed cleaning of the seed suction nozzle, so that seeds fall in a seed falling area, and precise seed suction and seed discharging are realized.
Preferably, an annular side panel is arranged between the left panel and the support plate, the side panel surrounds the outer side of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve and forms a sealed chamber which is used for wrapping all the two-position three-way electromagnetic valves together with the left panel and the support plate; all the seed suction nozzles and the seed suction branch pipes extend out of the side panel.
Preferably, the side panel is fixed to the support plate by a side panel fixing piece.
Preferably, N is 10 to 18.
Preferably, the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe is respectively connected with three seed suction nozzles through three branches.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a seed sowing method using any one of the above schemes, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, seeds to be sown are placed in a seed storage area in a seed room, then a power wheel is driven to rotate through an external driving device, and an air suction channel is sucked through an external negative pressure suction device to keep the interior of the air suction channel in a negative pressure state;
then, opening the opening through a flow-limiting plate to enable the seeds to slide from the seed storage area of the seed chamber to the bottom of the seed suction area;
finally, the whole precision seed sowing device realizes seed sowing through the following three steps:
seed suction in the first step: the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve fixed on the support disc and the electric brushes on the two combined electric brush rings synchronously rotate along with the support disc and alternately contact with the conductive track and the non-conductive track in the rotating process; when a seed suction nozzle connected with a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve penetrates through the flexible seed baffle plate and enters a seed suction area, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a non-conductive track in the main control sliding ring guide rail, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is powered off, a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle, a seed suction branch pipe, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a negative pressure pipe, a sealing ring and an air suction channel is communicated, the interior of the seed suction branch pipe is immediately changed into a negative pressure state, and the seed suction nozzle sucks a certain;
the second step carries kind: before the seed suction branch pipe and the seed suction nozzle in a negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area along with the supporting plate, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is always connected with a non-conducting track in the main control slip ring guide rail, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is always kept in a power-off state, and seeds rotate along with the seed suction nozzle;
thirdly, seed cleaning: when the seed suction branch pipe and the seed suction nozzle in the negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area with the opening of the seed suction nozzle inclined downwards, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a conductive track in the main control slip ring guide rail through an electric brush, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is electrified, the negative pressure state in the seed suction branch pipe disappears, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle, the seed suction branch pipe, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve and a positive pressure pipe is conducted, the seed suction branch pipe is immediately changed into a positive pressure state, and air flow carries seeds to be sprayed out through the seed suction nozzle, so that;
continuously circulating the seed sucking, carrying and cleaning processes of the three steps to finish the precise seeding of the seeds.
Preferably, the flow rate at which seeds slide from the seed storage area of the seed chamber to the seed suction area is controlled by a restrictor plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: through the mating reaction of sliding ring and sliding ring guide rail, realize the action of solenoid valve, thereby realize inhaling of seed with fall, and improve the effect of falling seeds under the effect of falling seeds district malleation, inhale the use of the flexible fender board in the kind district and make the seed that falls from seed case can not directly fall into outside falling seeds district because the lower part space is too big, and adopt flexible material conveniently to inhale kind of branch pipe and get into and inhale kind of district, and reduce and hinder kind of rate, provide another kind of solution and device for the accurate seeding of rice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side sectional view of a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed metering device;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of the negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device;
FIG. 5 is a southwest isometric view of a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed metering device;
fig. 6 is a three-dimensional and three-dimensional isometric view of modular brush ring 20;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view A-A and a left side view of the master slip ring guide rail;
FIG. 8 is a gas path diagram of a negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device;
in the figure: the device comprises a chamber 1, a seed suction nozzle 2, a seed suction branch pipe 3, a side panel 4, a side panel fixing sheet 5, a right cover plate 6, a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, a supporting disk 8, a negative pressure pipe 9, a positive pressure pipe 10, a supporting frame 11, a bearing seat 12, a bearing 13, a hollow shaft 14, a power wheel 15, an electromagnetic valve fixing plate 16, a flexible baffle plate 17, a left panel 18, a right panel 19, a combined type electric brush ring 20, a main control slip ring guide rail 21, an air suction channel 22, a supporting frame bearing 23, a sealing ring 24, a negative slip ring guide rail 25, a current limiting plate 26, an intermediate baffle plate 27, a rear arc plate 28, a front panel 29, a lead 30, a non-conducting track 31.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device comprises a seed chamber 1, a seed suction nozzle 2, a seed suction branch pipe 3, a side panel 4, a side panel fixing sheet 5, a right cover plate 6, a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, a supporting plate 8, a negative pressure pipe 9, a positive pressure pipe 10, a supporting frame 11, a bearing seat 12, a bearing 13, a hollow shaft 14, a power wheel 15, an electromagnetic valve fixing plate 16, a flexible seed baffle plate 17, a left panel 18, a right panel 19, a combined brush ring 20, a main control slip ring guide rail 21, a gas suction channel 22, a supporting frame bearing 23, a sealing ring 24, a negative slip ring guide rail 25, a current limiting plate 26, a middle partition plate 27, a rear arc plate 28, a front panel 29, a lead 30, a non-conductive rail 31. The seeding system comprises a gas circuit system consisting of a gas suction channel 22, a sealing ring 24, a negative pressure pipe 9, a positive pressure pipe 10, a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, a seed suction branch pipe 3 and a seed suction nozzle 2, a circuit system consisting of a combined brush ring 20, a negative slide ring guide rail 25, a main control slide ring guide rail 21 and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, and a seeding system consisting of a seed chamber 1, a flexible seed baffle 17, a current limiting plate 26 and the like; the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7 is mounted on the support plate 8 and is engaged with the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7, the lead wire 30 of which is connected with the combined brush ring 20, and the brush 34 is in contact with the slip ring guide. The invention drives the combined brush ring 20 for supplying power to the electromagnetic valve to rotate by the rotation of the chassis provided with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, realizes the conversion of power supply and power failure of the electromagnetic valve by the contact of the brush 34 arranged on the combined brush ring 20 and the conductive track 32 and the non-conductive track 31 in the main control slip ring guide rail 21, enables the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 to act, completes the functions of negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed cleaning, and realizes the function of continuous and precise seeding. The specific structure of each component is described below.
The chamber 1 is enclosed by the left side board 18, the right side board 19, the front panel 29, the rear arc board 28 and the flexible baffle board 17 to form, and the upper portion of the chamber 1 is provided with a funnel-shaped seed storage area i, the bottom of the seed storage area is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a flow limiting board 26 for controlling the size of the opening. The restrictor plate 26 can be pulled out at the opening position to adjust the opening of the opening. The seed storage area i of the chamber 1 is below a seed suction area ii, and the two areas are communicated through the opening.
The aspiration path 22 is a chamber to which an external negative pressure suction device is connected for providing a suction force to suck the seeds. The air suction channel 22 is fixed on a preformed hole of the left side plate 18 of the chamber 1, the air suction channel 22 is in a hollow cylinder shape, the left side of the air suction channel can be connected with an external negative pressure source, the right side of the air suction channel is fixedly provided with a main control sliding ring guide rail 21 and a negative sliding ring guide rail 25 along the outer wall in a surrounding mode, and the main control sliding ring guide rail 21, the negative sliding ring guide rail 25 and the air suction channel 22 are fixed through keys and are kept to be relatively fixed. The right end of the air suction channel 22 is inserted into the left side of the sealing ring 24; the negative pressure pipe 9 and the positive pressure pipe 10 are fixed back to back and are fixed on the supporting disc 8 through the supporting frame 11, the left side of the negative pressure pipe 9 is inserted into the right side of the sealing ring 24, and at the moment, the negative pressure pipe 9 is communicated with the air suction channel 22 through the sealing ring 24. It should be noted that, since the air suction passage 22 is fixed and does not rotate, and the negative pressure tube 9 rotates with the support plate 8, the seal ring 24 should be selected to have a type capable of initiating a sealing function.
One side of the negative pressure pipe 9 close to the supporting plate 8 is in a disc shape, N openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the negative pressure pipe, and the negative pressure pipe is communicated with N vertical negative pressure branch pipes respectively. Similarly, the positive pressure pipe 10 is disc-shaped on the side close to the support plate 8, and N openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the positive pressure pipe and are respectively communicated with N vertical positive pressure branch pipes. The value of N can be 10-18. In this embodiment, N is 10. And one negative pressure branch pipe and one positive pressure branch pipe are taken as a group and connected with two channels of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7. The outer ring of the support frame bearing 23 is nested on the support frame 11, and the inner ring is nested on the outer wall of the air suction channel 22, so that the support frame 11 can rotate around the air suction channel 22 by taking the support frame bearing 23 as a support. The main control slip ring guide rail 21 and the negative slip ring guide rail 25 are respectively matched with a combined brush ring 20. As shown in fig. 6, the combined brush ring 20 is composed of a brush fixing ring 33 and 10 brushes 34, the 10 brushes 34 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the brush fixing ring 33, and the brushes 34 can be matched with the main control slip ring guide rail 21 or the negative slip ring guide rail 25 to slide and take electricity. Each brush 34 is connected to a corresponding terminal of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7 through a lead 30. The positive terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is connected with the main control slip ring guide rail 21 through the brush 34 on one combined brush ring 20 to obtain electricity, and the negative terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is connected with the negative slip ring guide rail 25 through the other combined brush ring 20 to obtain electricity. The main control slip ring guide rail 21 or the negative slip ring guide rail 25 is connected with an external power supply. As shown in fig. 7, the guide rail of the main control slip ring guide rail 21 is divided into two sections, one section is a conductive track 33, the other section is a non-conductive track 32, and the whole track of the negative slip ring guide rail 25 is a conductive track. Each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is powered off and powered on alternatively along with different positions on the guide rail in the rotation process. Two channels of each two-position three-way solenoid valve 7 one side communicate a negative pressure branch pipe and a positive pressure branch pipe, the third channel of the other side communicates a seed suction branch pipe 3, the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe 3 is respectively connected with a plurality of seed suction nozzles 2 through a branch, and the seed suction nozzles 2, the seed suction branch pipes 3, the two-position three-way solenoid valves 7, the positive pressure pipe 10 and the negative pressure pipe 9 are fixed on a supporting plate 8 and synchronously rotate along with the supporting plate 8. In this embodiment, the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe 3 is respectively connected with three seed suction nozzles 2 through three branches.
The hollow shaft 14 is fixed to the right side of the supporting disk 8, and the supporting disk 8 is driven to rotate by the hollow shaft 14. The hollow shaft 14 passes through a preformed hole on the right cover plate 6; the right cover plate 6 is fixed on a right side plate 19 of the chamber 1, a bearing seat 12 is coaxially fixed at the position of the reserved hole, and a bearing 13 is embedded in the bearing seat 12; the hollow shaft 14 is rotatably supported by a bearing 13. The outside of the hollow shaft 14 is connected with a power wheel 15.
In order to reduce the size of the seed suction area ii and facilitate the absorption of the collected seeds, a middle partition plate 30 parallel to the right panel 19 is arranged between the left panel 18 and the right panel 19 below the chamber 1, the flexible seed baffle plate 17 is riveted at the lower part of the rear arc plate 28 of the chamber 1, and the flexible seed baffle plate 17, the rear arc plate 28, the middle partition plate 27 and the right panel 19 enclose the seed suction area ii. The flexible seed baffle plate 17 is reserved with a hollow part for the seed suction nozzle 2 and the seed suction branch pipe 3 to rotate and pass through, and the hollow part is matched with the seed suction nozzle 2 and the seed suction branch pipe 3 in shape and is slightly larger than the outline of the seed suction nozzle 2 and the seed suction branch pipe 3. All inhale kind of mouth 2 and inhale kind branch pipe 3 and get into after this fretwork in proper order and inhale kind of district ii and inhale kind of a, inhale kind and finish and take kind again and continue to rotate and cross the summit after and slope downwards gradually, realize falling kind of a seed. In the process, the positive and negative pressure states at the seed suction nozzle 2 need to be synchronously changed, and the positive and negative pressure states are controlled through the main control slip ring guide rail 24. The implementation of which is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 7, in the master slip ring guide rail 21, the conductive track 32 is located below, and the non-conductive track 31 is located above; the whole body is in mirror symmetry. When the combined brush ring 20 rotates along with the support disc 8 outside the main control slip ring guide rail 21, the brushes 34 on the combined brush ring 20 are in alternate contact with the conductive track 32 and the non-conductive track 31, so that the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is powered off when the brushes 35 are at the position of the non-conductive track 31, and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is powered on when the brushes 35 are at the position of the conductive track 32; when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is powered off, the seed suction nozzle 2 is positioned in the seed suction area ii, and a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle 2, the seed suction branch pipe 3, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, the negative pressure pipe 8, the sealing ring 24 and the air suction channel 22 is opened to finish the negative pressure seed suction of the seed suction nozzle 2; when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is electrified, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle 2, the seed suction branch pipe 3, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 and the positive pressure pipe 10 is opened to finish positive pressure seed cleaning of the seed suction nozzle 2, so that seeds fall in a seed falling area, and precise seed suction and seed sowing are realized. The seed drop zone is the area where seeds fall on the planting ground, typically at a location where the seed suction nozzle 2 rotates to the bottom of the overall seed meter but has not yet entered seed suction zone ii.
As shown in fig. 8, the gas path system is shown in a schematic diagram of fig. 8, a negative pressure path is formed by one path of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7, the seed suction nozzle 2, the seed suction branch pipe 3, the negative pressure pipe 8, the sealing ring 24 and the gas suction channel 22, a positive pressure path is formed by the other path of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7, the seed suction nozzle 2, the seed suction branch pipe 3 and the positive pressure pipe 10, and the negative pressure and positive pressure switching of the seed suction branch pipe 3 and the seed suction nozzle 2 is realized by the path change of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7 through the action of the gas suction source and the gas supply source on the negative pressure path and the positive.
As shown in fig. 9, the schematic diagram of the circuit system is as shown in fig. 9, the circuit system is composed of a combined brush ring 20, a negative slip ring guide rail 25, a main control slip ring guide rail 21, and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, one combined brush ring 20 is assembled with the negative slip ring guide rail 25 and connected with a negative pole of a power supply, one combined brush ring 20 is assembled with the main control slip ring guide rail 21 and connected with a positive pole of the power supply, when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 rotates along with a support plate 8, the combined brush ring 20 is driven by a support frame 11 to rotate together, the combined brush ring 20 assembled with the negative slip ring guide rail 25 keeps a state of being connected with the negative pole of the power supply, a brush 34 on the combined brush ring 20 assembled with the main control slip ring guide rail 21 determines whether the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 conducts electricity or not according to, if the brush 34 is on the non-conducting track 31 of the main control slip ring guide rail 21, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is not electrified.
In addition, in the present invention, since it is necessary to pass through the seed suction area ii filled with the seeds during the rotation, it is necessary to provide the annular side panel 4 between the left panel 18 and the supporting tray 8 to prevent the seeds from entering the inside of the electric element. Referring to fig. 3, the side panel 4 surrounds the two-position three-way solenoid valve 7, and forms a sealed chamber with the left panel 18 and the support plate 8 to enclose all the two-position three-way solenoid valves 7 therein, although the air tightness thereof is not necessarily completely sealed, as long as it can isolate the seeds from entering. The side panel 4 is fixed to the support plate 9 by a side panel fixing piece 5. All the seed suction nozzles 2 and the seed suction branch pipes 3 extend out of the side panel 4 to suck seeds in the rotating process.
The seed metering method based on the negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precise seed metering device comprises the following steps:
firstly, seeds to be sown are placed in a seed storage area i in a seed chamber 1, then a power wheel 15 is driven to rotate through an external driving device, and an air suction channel 22 is sucked through an external negative pressure suction device to keep the interior of the air suction channel in a negative pressure state;
then, the opening is opened through the flow restriction plate 26, so that the seeds slide down from the seed storage area i of the seed chamber 1 to the bottom of the seed suction area ii;
finally, the whole precision seed sowing device realizes seed sowing through the following three steps:
seed suction in the first step: the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 fixed on the support disc 8 and the brushes 34 on the two combined brush rings 20 synchronously rotate along with the support disc 8 and alternately contact with the conductive track 32 and the non-conductive track 31 in the rotating process; when a seed suction nozzle 2 connected with a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 passes through a flexible seed baffle plate 17 and enters a seed suction area ii, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is connected with a non-conducting track 31 in a main control slide ring guide rail 21, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is powered off, a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle 2, a seed suction branch pipe 3, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7, a negative pressure pipe 8, a sealing ring 24 and an air suction channel 22 is communicated, the interior of the seed suction branch pipe 3 is immediately changed into a negative pressure state, and the seed suction nozzle 2 sucks a certain amount of seeds when passing;
the second step carries kind: before the seed suction branch pipe 3 and the seed suction nozzle 2 in a negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area along with the supporting plate 8, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is always connected with a non-conducting track 31 in the main control slip ring guide rail 21, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is always kept in a power-off state, and seeds rotate along with the seed suction nozzle 2;
thirdly, seed cleaning: when the seed suction branch pipe 3 and the seed suction nozzle 2 in the negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area with an opening of the seed suction nozzle 2 inclining downwards, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is connected with a conductive track 32 in the main control slip ring guide rail 21 through an electric brush 34, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is electrified, the negative pressure state in the seed suction branch pipe 3 disappears, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle 2, the seed suction branch pipe 3, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 7 and the positive pressure pipe 10 is conducted, the interior of the seed suction branch pipe 3 immediately becomes the positive pressure state, and air flow carries seeds to be sprayed out through the seed suction nozzle 2;
continuously circulating the seed sucking, carrying and cleaning processes of the three steps to finish the precise seeding of the seeds.
In the sowing process, the flow speed of the seeds sliding from the seed storage area i to the seed suction area ii of the seed chamber 1 is controlled by the restrictor plate 26, and the sowing amount per unit area is further adjusted.
The invention relates to a negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precise seed sowing device which can realize the precise seed sowing function of grains (mainly rice). Through the mating reaction of sliding ring and sliding ring guide rail, realize the action of solenoid valve, thereby realize inhaling of seed with fall, and improve the effect of falling seeds under the effect of falling seeds district malleation, inhale the use of the flexible fender board in the kind district and make the seed that falls from seed case can not directly fall into outside falling seeds district because the lower part space is too big, and adopt flexible material conveniently to inhale kind of branch pipe and get into and inhale kind of district, and reduce and hinder kind of rate, provide another kind of solution and device for the accurate seeding of rice.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a kind of positive pressure seed cleaning formula precision seed metering ware is inhaled to negative pressure which characterized in that: the device comprises a chamber (1), a seed suction nozzle (2), a seed suction branch pipe (3), a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7), a supporting plate (8), a negative pressure pipe (9), a positive pressure pipe (10), a supporting frame (11), a bearing seat (12), a bearing (13), a hollow shaft (14), a power wheel (15), an electromagnetic valve fixing plate (16), a combined brush ring (20), a main control slip ring guide rail (21), a gas suction channel (22), a supporting frame bearing (23), a sealing ring (24), a negative slip ring guide rail (25), a current limiting plate (26) and an intermediate partition plate (27);
the seed storage room (1) is formed by enclosing a left panel (18), a right panel (19), a front panel (29), a rear arc plate (28) and a flexible seed baffle plate (17), a funnel-shaped seed storage area (i) is arranged at the upper part of the seed storage room (1), an opening is formed in the bottom of the seed storage area, and a flow limiting plate (26) for controlling the size of the opening is arranged at the opening;
the air suction channel (22) is fixed on a preformed hole of a left panel (18) of the chamber (1), the right side of the air suction channel is surrounded by the outer wall and is fixedly provided with a main control slip ring guide rail (21) and a negative slip ring guide rail (25) through keys, and the tail end of the air suction channel (22) is inserted into the left side of the sealing ring (24); the negative pressure pipe (9) and the positive pressure pipe (10) are fixed back to back and are fixed on the supporting disc (8) through a supporting frame (11), and the left side of the negative pressure pipe (9) is inserted into the right side of the sealing ring (24) and is communicated with the air suction channel (22); n negative pressure branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the negative pressure pipe (9), N positive pressure branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the positive pressure pipe (10), and one negative pressure branch pipe and one positive pressure branch pipe form a group and are connected with two channels of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7); the outer ring of the support frame bearing (23) is nested on the support frame (11), and the inner ring is nested with the air suction channel (22); the main control slip ring guide rail (21) and the negative slip ring guide rail (25) are respectively matched with a combined brush ring (20); a positive terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with the main control slip ring guide rail (21) through a combined brush ring (20) to obtain electricity, and a negative terminal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with the negative slip ring guide rail (25) through another combined brush ring (20) to obtain electricity; the guide rail of the main control slip ring guide rail (21) is divided into two sections, one section is a conductive track (33), the other section is a non-conductive track (32), and the whole track of the cathode slip ring guide rail (25) is the conductive track; each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is alternately powered off and on in the rotation process; one side of each two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is communicated with a negative pressure branch pipe and a positive pressure branch pipe, a channel on the other side is communicated with one seed suction branch pipe (3), the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe (3) is respectively connected with a plurality of seed suction nozzles (2) through branches, and the seed suction nozzles (2), the seed suction branch pipes (3), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valves (7), the positive pressure pipe (10) and the negative pressure pipe (9) are fixed on a supporting plate (8) and synchronously rotate along with the supporting plate (8); a hollow shaft (14) is fixed on the right side of the supporting plate (8), and the hollow shaft (14) penetrates through a preformed hole in the right cover plate (6); the right cover plate (6) is fixed on a right panel (19) of the chamber (1), a bearing seat (12) is coaxially fixed at the position of the reserved hole, and a bearing (13) is embedded in the bearing seat (12); the hollow shaft (14) passes through the bearing (13), and the outer side of the hollow shaft is connected with a power wheel (15); an intermediate baffle plate (30) parallel to the right panel (19) is arranged between the left panel (18) and the right panel (19) below the chamber (1), the flexible seed baffle plate (17) is riveted on the lower part of the rear arc plate (28) of the chamber (1), the flexible seed baffle plate (17) and the rear arc plate (28), the intermediate baffle plate (27) and the right panel (19) are enclosed to form a seed suction area (ii), the flexible seed baffle plate (17) is reserved with a seed suction nozzle (2) and a seed suction branch pipe (3) which rotate to pass through required hollowing, and all the seed suction nozzles (2) and the seed suction branch pipes (3) sequentially pass through the hollowing in the rotating process to enter the seed suction area (ii).
2. The negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the main control slip ring guide rail (21), a conductive track (32) is positioned below, and a non-conductive track (31) is positioned above; when the combined brush ring (20) rotates along with the support disc (8) on the outer side of the main control slip ring guide rail (21), the brush (34) on the combined brush ring (20) is in alternate contact with the conductive track (32) and the non-conductive track (31), so that the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is powered off when the brush (35) is at the position of the non-conductive track (31), and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is powered on when the brush (35) is at the position of the conductive track (32); when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is powered off, the seed suction nozzle (2) is positioned in the seed suction area (ii), and a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle (2), the seed suction branch pipe (3), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7), the negative pressure pipe (9), the sealing ring (24) and the air suction channel (22) is opened to finish the negative pressure seed suction of the seed suction nozzle (2); when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is electrified, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle (2), the seed suction branch pipe (3), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) and the positive pressure pipe (10) is opened to finish positive pressure seed cleaning of the seed suction nozzle (2), so that seeds fall in a seed falling area to realize precise seed suction and seed sowing.
3. The negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an annular side panel (4) is arranged between the left panel (18) and the supporting disc (8), the side panel (4) surrounds the outer side of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7), and a sealing chamber which wraps all the two-position three-way electromagnetic valves (7) is formed together with the left panel (18) and the supporting disc (8); all the seed suction nozzles (2) and the seed suction branch pipes (3) extend out of the side panel (4).
4. The negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the side panel (4) is fixed on the support plate (8) through a side panel fixing sheet (5).
5. The negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: n =10~ 18.
6. The negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end of each seed suction branch pipe (3) is respectively connected with three seed suction nozzles (2) through three branches.
7. A seed sowing method of the negative pressure seed suction positive pressure seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, seeds to be sown are placed in a seed storage area (i) in a seed chamber (1), then a power wheel (15) is driven to rotate through an external driving device, and an air suction channel (22) is sucked through an external negative pressure suction device to keep the interior of the air suction channel in a negative pressure state;
then, opening the opening through a flow restriction plate (26) to make the seeds slide down from the seed storage area (i) of the seed chamber (1) to the bottom of the seed suction area (ii);
finally, the whole precision seed sowing device realizes seed sowing through the following three steps:
seed suction in the first step: a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) fixed on the support disc (8) and electric brushes (34) on the two combined electric brush rings (20) synchronously rotate along with the support disc (8) and alternately contact with a conductive track (32) and a non-conductive track (31) in the rotating process; when a seed suction nozzle (2) connected with a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) penetrates through a flexible seed baffle plate (17) and enters a seed suction area (ii), the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with a non-conductive track (31) in a main control sliding ring guide rail (21), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is powered off, a negative pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle (2), a seed suction branch pipe (3), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7), a negative pressure pipe (9), a sealing ring (24) and an air suction channel (22) is communicated, the interior of the seed suction branch pipe (3) is immediately changed into a negative pressure state, and the seed suction nozzle (2) sucks a certain amount of seeds when passing through the seed suction area;
the second step carries kind: before the seed suction branch pipe (3) and the seed suction nozzle (2) in a negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area along with the supporting plate (8), the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is always connected with a non-conducting track (31) in the main control sliding ring guide rail (21), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is always kept in a power-off state, and seeds rotate along with the seed suction nozzle (2);
thirdly, seed cleaning: when the seed suction branch pipe (3) and the seed suction nozzle (2) in a negative pressure state rotate to a seed falling area with an opening of the seed suction nozzle (2) inclined downwards, the corresponding two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with a conductive track (32) in a main control slip ring guide rail (21) through an electric brush (34), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is electrified, the negative pressure state in the seed suction branch pipe (3) disappears, a positive pressure passage formed by the seed suction nozzle (2), the seed suction branch pipe (3), the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (7) and a positive pressure pipe (10) is conducted, the interior of the seed suction branch pipe (3) immediately becomes a positive pressure state, and air flow carries seeds to be sprayed out seed sowing through the seed suction nozzle (;
continuously circulating the seed sucking, carrying and cleaning processes of the three steps to finish the precise seeding of the seeds.
8. A seed metering method as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the flow rate at which seeds slide from the seed storage region (i) to the seed suction region (ii) of the chamber (1) is controlled by a restrictor plate (26).
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| CN113973549B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-12-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Distribution pipe type pneumatic quantitative seed sowing device and quantitative seed sowing method thereof |
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| CN200980245Y (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2007-11-28 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Rice pot-cultivated combined precision vacuum sowing device |
| CN102550174B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-09-04 | 北京京鹏环球科技股份有限公司 | Tray seeder with self-cleaning suction nozzles |
| CA2904783C (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2020-07-14 | Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. | Tank pressurization control for air carts |
| KR101727638B1 (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-04-18 | 주식회사 아세아텍 | Cultivator-mounted Seeder |
| CN206024451U (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-03-22 | 华中农业大学 | Ditching profile modeling pneumatic vegetables precision planter |
| CN207011251U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-02-16 | 青岛普兰泰克机械科技有限公司 | The double kinds of cavate precise seeders for crop breeding experiment |
| CN107771481A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-09 | 浙江博仁工贸有限公司 | The sowing rotary drum quick-change mechanism of seeder |
| CN108476678A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-04 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type plant planter deposits kind of a shell |
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