CN210016906U - Precision seed metering device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters - Google Patents
Precision seed metering device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN210016906U CN210016906U CN201920565915.5U CN201920565915U CN210016906U CN 210016906 U CN210016906 U CN 210016906U CN 201920565915 U CN201920565915 U CN 201920565915U CN 210016906 U CN210016906 U CN 210016906U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a precision seed sowing device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters, which combines the seed taking principle of a pneumatic and mechanical seed sowing device and designs a seed carrying and sowing component. The seed metering device comprises a seed metering device shell, a seed cleaning device, a seed storage device and a shaft, wherein: the shell of the seeding unit comprises an end cover, a cover plate, a belt and an outer fixed disc; the shaft is arranged on the outer fixed disc; the seed cleaning device is positioned at the inner side of the end cover of the seed sowing device, and the seed storage device consists of a seed sowing disk, a cellular hole slide block mechanism and a cam-like mechanism. The utility model discloses can adapt to the appearance requirement of seed, the stage of getting kind, the seed passes through negative pressure and self gravity and gets into the pocket hole, later through clear kind of device with unnecessary seed brush returning chamber and get into and take kind of a district, pocket hole slider is closed simultaneously, makes the seed more stable taking kind of a process, is favorable to dual protecting kind with negative pressure synergism, and last seed drops into kind of cave through throwing kind of a district. The utility model discloses can reduce the energy consumption on the whole, improve and take kind of a rate, reduce the seed breakage rate, promote the seed metering ware seeding qualification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural seeding, mainly relate to a smart volume seed metering ware of medium and large grain diameter seed.
Background
The seeding apparatus mainly comprises a mechanical type and a pneumatic type. Aiming at the mechanical seed sowing device which can be used for seeds with medium and large grain diameters, the precision sowing degree is not high, and the disadvantages of the mechanical seed sowing device are increasingly obvious along with the development of large-scale and high-speed sowing devices. The air-suction type seed sowing device in the pneumatic type seed sowing device is suitable for high-speed operation due to the advantages of low damage rate to seeds, strong adaptability, high seed sowing efficiency and the like, but the sowing process is closely related to negative pressure, the seed sowing negative pressure is provided by a fan, and the sowing effect is greatly related to the operation ground condition. For the seeds with medium and large particle sizes, the sowing cost can be increased by adopting a fan with higher power to sow; however, the use of a fan with a relatively low power generally fails to satisfy the seeding effect, and the adsorption performance to the seeds is reduced when the negative pressure is unstable. Secondly, the seeds are easy to be damaged in the operation process of the mechanical seed sowing device, and the qualification rate of the seeds is reduced; for a pneumatic seed sowing device, when the particle size of seeds is irregular, the negative pressure loss is large, and the operation performance of the seed sowing device is reduced.
At present, the air-suction type seed sowing device in China is mainly applied to seeds with medium and small particle sizes, such as cotton, corn, soybean seeds and the like, but the air-suction type seed sowing device has low adaptability to seeds with large particles and irregular shapes, such as peanut seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a precision seed sowing device suitable for seeds with irregular shapes of medium and large particle diameters, which combines the seed taking principle of pneumatic and mechanical seed sowing devices, utilizes negative pressure to combine seed gravity to take seeds, and designs seed carrying and seed sowing components. Because of the population mobility is little, at the stage of getting kind, the seed gets into in the pocket hole through negative pressure and self gravity, brushes unnecessary seed back to the room through the device of planting clearly, gets into and takes kind of district, and the seed still receives the adsorption action, and pocket hole slider is closed simultaneously, can make the seed more stable in the process of taking kind of a kind, plays dual seed protection effect, and the seed drops into kind of cave through the secondary district of throwing kind at last. Thereby reducing energy loss and seed damage on the whole, promoting seed carrying rate and seeding qualification rate and saving cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the seed sowing device of the utility model adopts the following specific structure:
a precision seed sowing device for seeds with medium and large particle diameters comprises a seed sowing device shell, a seed cleaning device 26, a seed storage device 27, a duckbill mechanism 25 and a shaft 4, wherein the seed sowing device shell comprises a front shell, a waistband 10 and an outer fixed disc 7; the shaft 4 is a hollow shaft, is connected with a fan negative pressure air pipe and a seed sowing device negative pressure air chamber, is a negative pressure airflow channel and is arranged on a seed sowing device shell; the seed cleaning device 26 is arranged at the inner side of the end cover 5 of the seeding unit, and the seed storage device 27 consists of a seeding disc 14, a cell hole slide block mechanism and a cam-like mechanism, is arranged in the shell of the seeding unit and is positioned by a shaft 4; the outer wall end of the seed discharging plate 14 is provided with a hole (the size of the hole is close to the size of a target seed), and a through hole (the diameter is 4-6 mm) is drilled between the bottom of the hole and the negative pressure air chamber; the duckbill mechanism 25 is installed on the outer wall of the belt 10 and is composed of a duckbill 21 and a seed protection baffle 22, the duckbill 21 can control the opening to be closed, and the seed protection baffle 22 is used for digging a seed hole on the ground.
The seed metering device, wherein: the front shell of the seeding unit comprises a cover plate 2 and an end cover 5, wherein a seed inlet pipe 3 and a visible window are arranged on the end cover 5; seeds enter the seed chamber inside the seed sowing device from the seed box along the seed inlet pipe 3; a transparent cover plate 6 is attached to the visible window and can be used for observing the seed sowing condition of seeds in the seed sowing device; a seeding unit cover plate 2 is arranged on the surface of the seeding unit end cover 5 in parallel and level, and is matched with an outer fixed disc 7 and a belt 10 of the seeding unit to form a shell of the seeding unit.
The seed metering device, wherein: the seed metering device belt 10 is attached to the outer fixed disc 7, square holes are distributed around the belt, and a secondary seed throwing area 26 separated by a partition plate 11 is distributed on the inner side of the belt 10 and is matched with a duckbill mechanism 25 to jointly form a seed throwing part.
The seed metering device, wherein: the inner space of the seed sowing device is provided with a seed chamber, a shaft 4, a seed storage device 27, a seed cleaning device 26 and a gas cut-off block 12. The seed cleaning device 26 consists of a hairbrush 23 and a hairbrush connecting piece 24 and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the end cover 5 of the seed sowing device through bolts, the seed storage device 27 consists of a cell hole sliding block mechanism and a seed sowing disc 14, cell holes 17 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the seed sowing disc 14, the cell hole sliding block mechanism consists of a cell hole sliding block 16, a spring 19 and a roller 20, the cell hole sliding block 16 is an arc-shaped plate and can increase the inner space of the cell hole, the end part of the cell hole sliding block is sealed straightly and is connected with a cylindrical thin rod in parallel, the cylindrical thin rod penetrates through a circular hole at the end part of a groove track to achieve the limiting effect, the roller 20 is arranged at the tail part of the cell; the cam-like mechanism consists of a cam-like strip 15 and a bearing plate 9 thereof, wherein the surface of the bearing plate 9 is provided with a circular ring bulge, and the cam-like strip 15 is arranged on the inner side of the bearing plate through a screw. The inner side clapboard 11 of the waistband and the side wall of the end cover 5 of the seed metering device form an approximate closed space to form a secondary seed feeding area 28; the air-break block 12 is positioned in the negative pressure air chamber of the seed plate 14 and is positioned by the shaft 4 to be attached to the inner wall of the air chamber. In the seed taking stage, the seeds enter the nest hole 17 through negative pressure and self gravity, then the excess seeds are brushed off by the seed cleaning device 26, so that only single seeds are contained in the nest hole 17, when the cellular hole 17 runs to the seed carrying area, the seeds are still adsorbed, the roller 20 at the tail end of the cellular hole sliding block 16 rolls on the similar cam strip 15, so that the cellular hole sliding block 16 closes the cellular hole 17 (the seeds can be more stable in the seed carrying process and cannot be separated from the seed plate 14 due to vibration), when the seed carrying area runs, the air stop block 12 closes the negative pressure air hole, the roller 20 reaches the bearing plate 9 through the similar cam strip 15, the cellular hole sliding block 16 moves downwards, the cellular hole is opened, the seeds fall into the secondary seed feeding area 28 from the seed feeding hole on the side wall of the end cover of the seed sowing device under the action of self gravity, when the duck bill is opened, seeds are sown through the square hole formed by the waistband 10 and fall into the seed hole dug by the seed protection plate 22.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the seed taking mode is set as pneumatic adsorption and seed self gravity combined seed taking, so that the problems of unstable pneumatic and insufficient adsorption force in the seeding process can be effectively solved; the seeds are kept in the hole of the seed sowing plate before falling into the secondary seed feeding area, so that the seeds can be effectively prevented from being separated from the seed suction hole due to vibration in the running process of the seed sowing device, and the sowing qualified rate is improved;
2. the seed chamber is arranged at the middle upper part of the seed discharging plate, seeds can enter the cell holes under the combined action of self gravity and negative pressure, so that the negative pressure requirement is low, the fan power requirement is low, the seed discharging plate is suitable for large-scale popularization, and the cell hole openings are in smooth transition, so that the damage to the seeds can be reduced;
3. the seed cleaning device is arranged in the seed sowing device, so that the single seed rate of the seeds in the holes can be improved, the precise sowing can be further achieved, meanwhile, the damage of the sliding blocks of the seed sowing plate to the seeds can be reduced, and the sowing benefit can be improved;
4. the seed storage device adopts a nest hole sliding block mechanism and a cam-like mechanism, the nest hole sliding block is composed of an arc-shaped plate, a cylindrical thin rod, a spring and a roller, the structure can increase the seed holding space of the nest hole, and the cam-like strip mechanism is composed of a cam-like strip and a bearing plate thereof, so the structure is simple, the processing is easy, and the work is reliable;
5. the seeds enter the seed carrying area along with the pocket holes and are adsorbed by negative pressure, and meanwhile, the pocket holes are closed by the pocket hole sliding blocks, so that the seeds are more stable in the seed carrying process, the influence of vibration on the seed carrying in the seed discharging process can be reduced, and the seed carrying effect is improved;
6. the baffle on the inner side of the belt and the side wall of the front shell of the seed sowing device form a secondary seed feeding area, and the seed sowing efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front schematic view of the front housing end cap of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal air chamber structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the outer fixed plate structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the cam-like strip receiving plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cam-like strip of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed storage device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the negative pressure air chamber sealing cover plate of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the cellular hole slider mechanism of the present invention.
Figure 11 is a schematic view of the duckbill mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the back structure of the end cap of the seed sowing device of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the internal overall structure of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-front shell of seeding apparatus; 2-a cover plate of the seeding apparatus; 3, seed inlet pipe; 4-axis; 5-end cover of seeding apparatus; 6-transparent cover plate; 7-external fixed disc of seeding apparatus; 8-arc rib plate; a class 9 cam bar receiving plate; 10-seed sowing device belt; 11-secondary seed throwing area partition board; 12-a seed sowing device gas cut-off stop block; 13-negative pressure air chamber sealing ring; 14-a seed discharging plate; 15-cam-like strips; 16-cell slide block; 17-a cell hole; 18-negative pressure air chamber sealing cover plate; 19-a cell hole slider return spring; 20-a roller; 21-duckbill; 22-seed protection baffle; 23-a brush; 24-a brush attachment; 25-duckbill mechanism; 26-seed cleaning device; 27-a seed storage device; 28-secondary seed throwing area.
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a smart volume seed metering ware of medium and large particle diameter seed, it includes the seed metering ware shell that comprises seed metering ware apron 2, seed metering ware end cover 5, seed metering ware waistband 10, the outer fixed disk 7 of seed metering ware, by the inside seed metering structure of seed metering ware that seed metering ware axle 4, seed cleaning device 26, seed storage device 27, secondary seed throwing district 28 constitute, by the inside seed metering device apron structure of seed metering ware that arc floor 8, transparent cover 6, the sealed apron 18 of negative pressure room constitute.
The seed metering device shell is composed of a seed metering device end cover 5, a seed metering device cover plate 2, a seed metering waistband 10 and an outer fixed disc 7, the seed metering device cover plate 2 and the seed metering device outer fixed disc 7 clamp the seed metering device waistband 10 between the seed metering device end cover and the seed metering device outer fixed disc through bolt connection, the waistband 10 is welded on the seed metering device outer fixed disc, and the seed metering device end cover 5 is sleeved on a shaft and is positioned through a key. The waistband 10 of the seed sowing device is a cylindrical thin plate, square seed outlets are uniformly distributed on the surface of the waistband, vertical baffles which are arranged through welding are arranged on the inner sides of the seed outlets and form a secondary seed feeding area 28 together with the outer wall of an end cover 5 of the seed sowing device, and the miss-seeding rate of the seed sowing device can be effectively improved; install duckbilled 21 and seed protection board 22 around the seed metering ware, seed protection board 22 fastens in the waistband 10 outside through bolted connection, duckbilled 21 is connected with seed protection board 22 through a cylindricality round pin, duckbilled 21 afterbody inboard is provided with the spring (not show in the figure), when seed metering ware normal operating, duckbilled 21 afterbody passes through opening and shutting of spring control seed metering mouth, the concrete implementation mode is, when duckbilled 21 afterbody and ground contact, duckbilled 21 opens with seed protection board 22's opening, the seed falls into by the seed outlet by seed protection board 22 digs out in the kind cave, duckbilled 21 turns away from ground afterwards, duckbilled mechanism 25 is closed its and seed protection board 22's opening under the reaction force of spring, accomplish a seeding.
For the seed sowing structure in the seed sowing device, the central shaft 4 is a hollow shaft, is connected with a negative pressure air pipe of a fan and a negative pressure air chamber of the seed sowing device, is a negative pressure air flow channel and is arranged at the center of a shell of the seed sowing device. The seed storage device 27 is arranged in the shell of the seed sowing device, is fixed on the outer fixed disc 7 through a screw, and comprises a seed sowing disc 14, a cell hole sliding block mechanism and a cam-like mechanism, wherein the cell hole sliding block mechanism consists of a cell hole sliding block 16, a spring 19 and a roller 20, the cell hole sliding block 16 is an arc-shaped plate, the inner space of a cell hole can be enlarged, the end part of the cell hole sliding block mechanism is straight and sealed, and is connected with a cylindrical thin rod which passes through the circular hole at the end part of the groove track to achieve the limiting effect, the top of the roller is drilled with a circular hole and is connected with the cell hole sliding block rod in an interference fit manner, and the spring 19 is; the cam-like mechanism consists of a cam-like bearing plate 9 and a cam-like strip 15, wherein the cam-like strip 15 (made of hard plastic) is connected with the bearing plate 9 through screws; the periphery of the seed discharging disc 14 is uniformly provided with the cellular holes 17 with equal diameters (the diameter and the height of the circular hole are related to the grain diameter of crop seeds, and medium and large seeds are suitable, so that the cellular hole can only contain one seed according to the requirement), air holes are drilled between the bottom of the cellular hole and the inner wall of the negative pressure air chamber, the upper part of the cellular hole is provided with a groove track, the joint of the cellular hole and the circular hole is provided with a guide port, so that the cellular hole slide block 16 can be conveniently installed, and the track is used for fixing the cellular hole slide block 16; the seed storage device 27 and the similar cam mechanism are positioned through the shaft 4, the similar cam mechanism is positioned on one side of the outer fixed disc 7, the roller 20 of the cellular hole sliding block mechanism is contacted with the similar cam strip 15, the opening size of the cellular hole is controlled through the similar cam strip 15, a seed sowing device air-break stop block 12 is arranged in the negative pressure air chamber in the seed sowing disc 14, the outer wall of the negative pressure air chamber is attached to the negative pressure air chamber to stop the negative pressure of the air chamber, and seeds can be prevented from being influenced by suction force when reaching a designated position to be better sowed. The seed cleaning device 26 is arranged on the inner side of the end cover 5 of the seeding unit and is used for brushing off seeds carried in the cell holes, an air chamber sealing cover plate 18 is arranged at the top of the seeding plate 14, a circular groove used for placing a rubber sealing ring 13 is milled between the seeding plate 14 and the air chamber sealing cover plate 18, and the sealing cover plate 18 is compacted by a raised circular ring inside the end cover 5 of the seeding unit to play a role in sealing and reduce negative pressure loss.
For the cover plate structure of the seed sowing device in the seed sowing device, the periphery of the middle upper part of a seed sowing disc 14 in the seed sowing device is provided with a seed chamber which is positioned between an end cover 5 of the seed sowing device and a bearing plate 9 of a cam-like mechanism, and round holes are drilled around an inner shaft 4 of a negative pressure air chamber of the seed sowing disc 14, so that the air chamber can form negative pressure; seed metering ware apron 2 forms the secondary with outer price fixing 7 and seed metering ware end cover 5 outer wall and throws kind of region to open at seed metering ware end cover 5 lower part has the notch, for drop into secondary from the nest eye 17 with the seed smoothly and throw kind of region 28, for making things convenient for the seed metering ware operation in-process to observe its condition of falling kind, is equipped with visual window in seed metering ware end cover relevant position, and is equipped with transparent cover 6.
When the seeding apparatus works, the working process is as follows: seeds enter a seed chamber formed by arc-shaped ribbed plates 8 from a seed inlet pipe 3 of the seed metering device, a seed metering disc 14 in the seed metering device rotates along with the rotation of the seed metering device, when a pocket hole 17 rotates to a seed taking area, the pocket hole 17 is in an opening and closing state, the seeds in the seed chamber enter the pocket hole 17 under the action of gravity and negative pressure, in the process of entering the seed taking area, redundant seeds are brushed back to the seed chamber through a seed cleaning device 26, only single seeds are reserved in the pocket hole 17, then, a pocket hole sliding block 20 moves upwards under the action of a cam strip, the pocket hole 17 is closed (in the process, a seed metering end cover 5 is fixed, the seed chamber and a cam-like mechanism are fixed, a seed storage device 27 rotates under the driving of an outer fixed disc 7 of the seed metering device and a seed metering device cover plate 2, the pocket hole sliding block 20 completes the opening and closing of the pocket hole 17 under the rotation of the seed storage device 27, and the seeds are in the pocket hole, receive the negative pressure adsorption effect, make the seed metering ware play better and carry kind of effect), in the pocket hole 17 gets into once seed metering region, the gas pocket is closed to the dog 12 that cuts off the gas in the negative pressure air chamber, pocket hole slider 20 drives away from type cam strip 15, move backward under the reset spring effect, pocket hole 17 is opened, the seed is discharged from pocket hole 17 and gets into the regional 28 of secondary seed feeding through 5 side openings of seed metering ware end cover under the action of gravity, subsequently, duckbilled 21 opens the seed metering mouth under the ground pressure effect, the seed gets into the kind cave of digging by the seed protection board through the regional 28 of secondary seed feeding, along with the seed metering ware rotates, duckbilled 21 is closed, accomplish once seed metering.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a smart volume seed metering ware of medium, big particle diameter seed, includes seed metering ware casing, seed storage device, seed cleaning device and axle, its characterized in that: the shell of the seeding unit comprises a cover plate, an end cover, a waistband and an outer fixed disc; the seed storage device consists of a seed discharging disc, a cell hole slide block mechanism and a cam-like mechanism.
2. The seed meter of claim 1, wherein: the shaft is a hollow shaft, is connected with a fan negative pressure air pipe and a seed sowing device negative pressure air chamber, is a negative pressure airflow channel, is arranged on an outer fixed disc, and the seed storage device is arranged in a seed sowing device shell and is positioned through an on-shaft key.
3. The seed meter of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the waistband is provided with a vertical baffle which is matched with the end cover of the seeding unit to form a secondary seed feeding area, so that the accuracy of seed sowing can be improved.
4. The seed meter of claim 1, wherein: the pocket hole sliding block mechanism consists of a pocket hole sliding block, a spring and a roller; the cam-like mechanism is composed of a cam-like strip and a bearing plate thereof, is positioned by a shaft, is arranged between the seed metering disc and the outer fixed disc, is fixed by the seed chamber and does not rotate along with the seed metering device.
5. The seed meter of claim 4, wherein: seed metering dish is equipped with the nest eye hole all around, and nest eye hole upper portion is equipped with the recess track to be equipped with level and smooth direction mouth in the round hole junction, be convenient for nest eye slider installation also can reduce the damage to the seed through indoor time, the recess track is used for fixed nest eye slider, for increasing nest eye hole space, nest eye hole slider processing is the arc, and the afterbody is straight to be sealed, and even has a cylinder pin, can pass the round hole that groove track tip established and play limiting displacement, the gyro wheel is installed at cylinder pin afterbody, and the spring is located between dog and the gyro wheel, nest eye hole slider realizes through its afterbody gyro wheel and the cooperation of class cam mechanism that nest eye opens and shuts.
6. The seed meter of claim 4, wherein: the similar cam bearing plate is provided with a similar cam strip positioning circular ring, an independent space is formed between the similar cam bearing plate and the end cover of the seeding unit, the movement space of seeds in the shell of the seeding unit can be limited, and the similar cam strip is fixed on the bearing plate through screws and is arranged in the positioning circular ring.
7. The seed meter of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the negative pressure air chamber in the seed metering disc is provided with a sealing cover plate, a rubber sealing ring is arranged between the sealing cover plate and the end surface of the seed metering disc, and the inner side of the end cover of the seed metering device is provided with a convex ring for pressing the sealing cover plate, so that the sealing performance of the negative pressure air chamber can be improved.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920565915.5U CN210016906U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Precision seed metering device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920565915.5U CN210016906U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Precision seed metering device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters |
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| CN210016906U true CN210016906U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201920565915.5U Active CN210016906U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Precision seed metering device for seeds with medium and large grain diameters |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110089240A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-06 | 石河子大学 | In a kind of, the precise seeder of big partial size seed |
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2019
- 2019-04-24 CN CN201920565915.5U patent/CN210016906U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110089240A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-06 | 石河子大学 | In a kind of, the precise seeder of big partial size seed |
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