CN110247615B - Wave-by-wave current limiting control system and method based on DSP chip and motor controller - Google Patents
Wave-by-wave current limiting control system and method based on DSP chip and motor controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN110247615B CN110247615B CN201810195593.XA CN201810195593A CN110247615B CN 110247615 B CN110247615 B CN 110247615B CN 201810195593 A CN201810195593 A CN 201810195593A CN 110247615 B CN110247615 B CN 110247615B
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
- H02P29/028—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the motor continuing operation despite the fault condition, e.g. eliminating, compensating for or remedying the fault
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/032—Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of insulated gate bipolar transistor driving, and provides a control system and a control method for wave-by-wave current limiting based on a digital signal processing chip, which are used for driving an IGBT, wherein the control system comprises a current sampling circuit, a comparison circuit and a DSP main control circuit; the current sampling circuit is used for sampling the current of the IGBT and outputting the sampled current; the comparison circuit is used for comparing the sampling current with the current limiting threshold value and outputting a first comparison result; the DSP master control circuit comprises: the PWM module is used for outputting PWM signals and driving the IGBT; the counting module is used for counting the comparison result and outputting a count value; the first comparison module is used for comparing the count value with a preset value and outputting a second comparison result; and a fault Zone (TZ) module, wherein the TZ module controls the output of the PWM module according to the first comparison result and the second comparison result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of IGBT driving, and particularly relates to a wave-by-wave current limiting control system and method based on a DSP chip and a motor controller.
Background
In many industries of motor application fields, the load of a motor will be suddenly changed in a very short time in the actual running process, if the current is not actively controlled, an overcurrent phenomenon may occur, but if the power is reduced, the actual functional requirement cannot be met, for example, when the motor is used for controlling and cutting stone, a relatively hard part is suddenly touched, a very large current needs to be provided in a short time, and the limit value of overcurrent protection cannot be reached. At this time, the current needs to be limited.
At present, two current limiting methods are commonly used, one is that the current is sampled through a DSP, the result is calculated, and then judgment action is carried out according to the calculation result, but the method has larger delay and is only suitable for a system with slower response; the other method is to perform pulse closing on PWM signals sent by the DSP, but the IGBT has high open-circuit frequency, the IGBT has the risk of damage, and the DSP cannot synchronously obtain wave-by-wave current-limiting signals.
Therefore, the problems that delay is relatively large, IGBT is damaged and DSP cannot synchronously obtain wave-by-wave current-limiting signals exist in the traditional technical scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wave-by-wave current-limiting control system, a method and a motor controller based on a DSP chip, and aims to solve the problems that in the traditional technical scheme, delay is relatively large, IGBT is damaged, and the DSP cannot synchronously obtain wave-by-wave current-limiting signals.
A method of wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip for driving an IGBT, the method comprising:
sampling the working current of the IGBT and outputting sampling current;
comparing the sampling current with a current limiting threshold value;
if the sampling current value is smaller than the current limiting threshold value, the control system works normally;
if the sampling current value is larger than the overcurrent threshold value, locking a PWM signal;
periodically reading the sampling current, recording a count value of the sampling current larger than the overcurrent threshold value, and comparing the count value with a preset value;
if the count value is larger than the preset value, judging the overcurrent fault of the system, and adjusting PWM signals to reduce the working current of the IGBT;
and if the count value is smaller than the preset value, unlocking the PWM signal, and controlling the system to work normally.
In addition, a control system based on the DSP chip for wave-by-wave current limiting is provided, and the control system is used for driving the IGBT and comprises: the current sampling circuit, the comparison circuit and the DSP main control circuit;
the current sampling circuit is used for sampling the current of the IGBT and outputting sampling current;
the comparison circuit is used for comparing the sampling current with a current limiting threshold value and outputting a first comparison result;
the DSP master control circuit comprises:
the PWM module is used for outputting PWM signals and driving the IGBT;
the counting module is used for counting the comparison result and outputting a count value;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the count value with a preset value and outputting a second comparison result;
and the TZ module is used for controlling the output of the PWM module according to the first comparison result and the second comparison result, wherein:
in the first comparison result: if the sampling current value is smaller than the current limiting threshold value, the control system works normally; if the sampling current value is larger than the current limiting threshold value, locking the PWM signal;
in the second comparison result: if the count value is larger than the preset value, judging a system overcurrent fault, and regulating the PWM signal to reduce the working current of the IGBT; and if the count value is smaller than the preset value, unlocking the PWM signal, and controlling the system to work normally.
In addition, the motor controller comprises an IGBT and the control system based on the DSP chip and used for driving the IGBT.
According to the control system based on the DSP chip and used for wave-by-wave current limiting, the sampling current of the sampling circuit and the current limiting threshold value are compared through the comparison circuit, the TZ module in the DSP main control circuit is used for judging the comparison result of the comparison circuit, and controlling the output of the PWM module according to the comparison result, so that the wave-by-wave current limiting effect can be achieved quickly and safely, overcurrent protection is avoided, the wave-by-wave current limiting is prevented from being too frequent, the IGBT is switched on and off at high frequency, damage is caused, and the current limiting time is accumulated through the counting module, if the current limiting time exceeds a preset value in a certain time, the PWM module is subjected to power reduction operation, and the IGBT is protected from being damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control system structure for wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary circuit of a comparison circuit in the DSP chip based wave-by-wave current limiting control system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control system for controlling wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a specific flowchart of a method for wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a control system for wave-by-wave current limiting based on DSP chip, for driving IGBTs, the system comprising: a current sampling circuit 10, a comparison circuit 20 and a DSP master circuit 30.
The current sampling circuit 10 is configured to sample the current of the IGBTs and output a sampling current, where the current sampling current is a commonly used AD sampling, and the currents at two ends of the IGBTs are sampled, and the sampling current characterizes the output current of the circuit.
The comparing circuit 20 is connected to the current sampling circuit 10 and the DSP master control circuit 30, respectively, for comparing the sampled current with the current limiting threshold value and outputting a first comparison result. Specifically, the comparison circuit 20 includes a comparator U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2; the inverting input end of the comparator U1 is connected with the current sampling circuit 10 through a first resistor R1, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the inverting input end of the comparator U1, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, the in-phase access end of the comparator U1 is connected with a reference voltage, the output end of the comparator U1 is connected with the DSP main control circuit 30, the output end of the comparator U1 is connected with a direct current voltage through a second resistor R2, the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the comparator U1, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. Wherein the first comparison result is one or a group of digital waveforms consisting of a plurality of high and low levels. When the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold value, the output end of the comparator U1 outputs a high level, the DSP main control circuit 30 receives the high level, the control system works normally, when the sampling current is larger than the current limiting threshold value, the output end of the comparator U1 outputs a low level, the currents at the two ends of the IGBT reach the current limiting threshold value, the output current needs to be limited, and at the moment, the DSP main control circuit 30 locks the output PWM signal.
The DSP master control circuit 30 includes a PWM module 32, a count module 33, a first comparison module 34, and a TZ module 31; the PWM module 32 is connected to the TZ module 31, and is configured to output a PWM signal for driving the IGBT; the counting module 33 is connected with the TZ module 31, and is used for counting the first comparison result and outputting a count value; the first comparing module 34 is connected with the counting module 33 and the TZ module 31, and is used for comparing the count value with a preset value and outputting a second comparing result; the TZ module 31 is connected to the comparison circuit 20 and the first comparison module 34, and controls the output of the PWM module 32 according to the first comparison result and the second comparison result.
The TZ module 31 receives the first comparison result output by the comparison circuit 20, when the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold, that is, the first comparison result is high level, the TZ module 31 controls the PWM module 32 to output normally, when the sampling current is larger than the current limiting threshold, the count module 33 counts the low level times of the first comparison result, so as to calculate the time when the output current is larger than the current limiting threshold, when the count value output by the count module 33 is larger than the preset value, the system current limiting time is considered to be too long, the system overcurrent fault is judged, the output power of the PWM module 32 is reduced, and when the count value output by the count module 33 is smaller than the preset value, the TZ module 31 controls the PWM module 32 to output normally. In the practical application process, the TZ register in the DSP can be directly configured to realize the function of the TZ module 31, specifically, the GPIO16 pin of the DSP main control circuit is configured as the TZ function pin, when the sampling current reaches the current limiting threshold value, the TZ function pin is effective at a low level, the output of the PWM module is blocked, and when the output current is lower than the threshold value, the TZ5 pin is ineffective at a high level, and the PWM module outputs normally.
When the output current is too large, in order to prevent the system circuit from being burnt out, the DSP main control circuit 30 further comprises a second comparison module, which is connected with the current sampling circuit 10 and is used for comparing the sampling current with an overcurrent threshold, when the sampling current is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the system overcurrent fault is judged, the output power of the PWM module 32 is reduced, when the output current is too large, the output of the PWM module 32 is directly controlled, and the system circuit is prevented from being burnt out due to the large current without current limiting.
Further, the control system further includes a multiplexer, where the multiplexer is connected to the PWM module 32 and is used to select an output path of the PWM signal output by the PWM module 32, and correspondingly, the comparison circuit 20 may also have multiple comparison circuits, and multiple IGBTs may be selected and controlled by one DSP master control circuit 30 at the same time, so that the versatility of the control system is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 3, a wave-by-wave current-limiting waveform diagram of the wave-by-wave current-limiting control system based on the DSP chip according to the embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein I represents an operating current waveform of the IGBT, and V represents a level waveform output by the comparison circuit.
In addition, the motor controller comprises an IGBT and the control system based on the DSP chip and used for driving the IGBT.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a method for wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip, for driving an IGBT, the method comprising the steps of:
s100, sampling the working current of the IGBT and outputting the sampling current;
s200, comparing the sampling current with a current limiting threshold value.
And S300, if the sampling current value is smaller than the overcurrent threshold value, the control system works normally.
S400, if the sampling current value is larger than the overcurrent threshold, locking the PWM signal, periodically reading the sampling current value, recording a sampling count value of which the sampling current value is larger than the current limiting threshold, and comparing the sampling count value with a preset maximum count value.
Specifically, when the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold, the output end of the comparator outputs a high level, the DSP main control circuit 30 receives the high level, the control system works normally, when the sampling current is larger than the current limiting threshold, the output end of the comparator outputs a low level, the current at the two ends of the IGBT reaches the current limiting threshold, the output current needs to be limited, and at this time, the DSP main control circuit 30 locks the output PWM signal.
S500, if the count value is larger than a preset value, judging the overcurrent fault of the system, and adjusting PWM signals to reduce the working current of the IGBT; and if the count value is smaller than the preset value, unlocking the PWM signal, and controlling the system to work normally.
Wherein the step of periodically reading the sampling current and recording a count value of the sampling current greater than the overcurrent threshold comprises: periodically reading the level value of the detection pin; the number of times the detection pin is low is recorded as a count value.
Specifically, the level value of the detection pin of the TZ module is periodically read, when the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold, that is, the first comparison result is high level, the TZ module 31 controls the PWM module 32 to output normally, when the sampling current is larger than the current limiting threshold, the count module 33 counts the low level times of the first comparison result, so as to calculate the time when the output current is larger than the current limiting threshold, when the count value output by the count module 33 is larger than the preset value, the system current limiting time is considered to be too long, the system overcurrent fault is determined, the output power of the PWM module 32 is reduced, and when the count value output by the count module 33 is smaller than the preset value, the TZ module 31 controls the PWM module 32 to output normally. The method for periodically reading the sampling current value and recording the sampling count of the sampling current value larger than the overcurrent threshold value specifically comprises the following steps: periodically reading the level value of the detection pin; a count value of the number of times the detection pin is low is recorded. And the sampling count is preset with sampling time, if the count value is not accumulated in the sampling time, the count value is cleared, and preparation is made for the next sampling count.
Further, before comparing the sampling value with the current limiting threshold value, the method further comprises the following steps:
comparing the sampled current value with an overcurrent threshold, if the sampled current value is larger than the overcurrent threshold, judging that the system has an overcurrent fault, and locking the PWM signal; if the sampling current value is smaller than the overcurrent threshold, the step S200 is proceeded to. When the sampling current is larger than the overcurrent threshold value, the overcurrent protection is directly carried out on the system, the output power of the PWM signal is reduced, the overcurrent processing is directly carried out, and the system circuit is prevented from being burnt out due to the large current.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for wave-by-wave current limiting based on a DSP chip for driving an IGBT, the method comprising:
sampling the working current of the IGBT and outputting sampling current;
comparing the sampling current with a current limiting threshold value;
if the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold value, the control system works normally;
if the sampling current is larger than the overcurrent threshold value, locking the PWM signal;
periodically reading the sampling current, recording a count value of the sampling current greater than the current limiting threshold value, calculating the time when the output current is greater than the current limiting threshold value, and comparing the count value with a preset value;
if the count value is larger than the preset value, determining that the current limiting time of the system is too long, judging the overcurrent fault of the system, and adjusting PWM signals to reduce the working current of the IGBT;
and if the count value is smaller than the preset value, unlocking the PWM signal, and controlling the system to work normally.
2. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to the step of comparing the sampled current to the current limiting threshold value:
comparing the magnitude of the sampling current with an overcurrent threshold;
and if the sampling current is larger than the overcurrent threshold value, judging that the system has an overcurrent fault, and locking the PWM signal.
3. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting method according to claim 1, wherein the step of periodically reading the sampling current and recording a count value of the sampling current greater than the overcurrent threshold comprises:
periodically reading the level value of the detection pin;
the number of times the detection pin is low is recorded as a count value.
4. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting method of claim 1, wherein a sampling count is preset with a sampling time, and if the count value is not accumulated in the sampling time, the count value is cleared.
5. A control system based on DSP chip for driving IGBTs, the control system comprising: the current sampling circuit, the comparison circuit and the DSP main control circuit;
the current sampling circuit is used for sampling the current of the IGBT and outputting sampling current;
the comparison circuit is used for comparing the sampling current with a current limiting threshold value and outputting a first comparison result;
the DSP master control circuit comprises:
the PWM module is used for outputting PWM signals and driving the IGBT;
the counting module is used for regularly reading and counting the first comparison result and outputting a count value;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the count value with a preset value so as to calculate the time when the output current is larger than a current limiting threshold value and output a second comparison result;
and the TZ module is used for controlling the output of the PWM module according to the first comparison result and the second comparison result, wherein:
in the first comparison result: if the sampling current is smaller than the current limiting threshold value, the control system works normally; if the sampling current is larger than the current limiting threshold value, locking the PWM signal;
in the second comparison result: if the count value is larger than the preset value, determining that the current limiting time of the system is too long, judging the overcurrent fault of the system, and adjusting the PWM signal to reduce the working current of the IGBT; and if the count value is smaller than the preset value, unlocking the PWM signal, and controlling the system to work normally.
6. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting control system of claim 5, wherein the comparison circuit comprises a comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; the inverting input end of the comparator is connected with the current sampling circuit through the first resistor, the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the inverting input end of the comparator, the second end of the first capacitor is grounded, the in-phase access end of the comparator is connected with the current limiting threshold value, the output end of the comparator is connected with the TZ module, the output end of the comparator is connected with direct current voltage through the second resistor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the output end of the comparator, and the second end of the second capacitor is grounded.
7. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting control system of claim 5, further comprising a multiplexer coupled to the PWM module for channel selection of the output of the PWM module.
8. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting control system of claim 5, wherein the DSP master circuit further comprises a second comparison module coupled to the current sampling circuit for comparing the sampled current to an over-current threshold value.
9. The DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting control system of claim 5, wherein the first comparison result is one or a set of a plurality of high and low level digital waveforms.
10. A motor controller comprising an IGBT and a DSP chip-based wave-by-wave current limiting control system for driving the IGBT according to any one of claims 5 to 9.
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