CN110246704B - 一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110246704B
CN110246704B CN201910370686.6A CN201910370686A CN110246704B CN 110246704 B CN110246704 B CN 110246704B CN 201910370686 A CN201910370686 A CN 201910370686A CN 110246704 B CN110246704 B CN 110246704B
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万广文
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Abstract

本发明提供一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法,涉及电容器隔膜加工技术领域。所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维60‑65份、聚酯纤维12‑16份、聚丙烯腈15‑20份、聚异丁烯6‑10份、聚甲醛纤维8‑10份、纳米碳纤维4‑8份、不饱和聚酯树脂15‑20份、已二酸2‑3份、二甲基乙酰胺80‑90份、钛石膏2‑4份、碳酸钙晶须4‑5份、二氧化钛1‑1.4份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.4‑0.8份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1‑2份、抗氧化剂1‑1.2份、胶粘剂1‑2份。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,有效降低电容器隔膜的收缩率,提升其隔离性能,同时增强电容器隔膜抗氧化、耐寒等功效,延长电容器使用寿命,节约资源,适宜推广生产使用。

Description

一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电容器隔膜加工技术领域,具体涉及一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
超级电容器是一种极具市场竞争力的储能器,由于它可以实现快速充电、大电流放电,且具有10万次以上的充电寿命,在一些需要短时高倍率放电的应用中占有重要地位。混合动力汽车和电动汽车对动力电源的要求也引起了全世界范围内对超级电容器这一新型储能装置的广泛重视。在超级电容器的组成中,电极、电解液和隔膜纸对超级电容器的性能起着决定性的影响。目前超级电容器的电极和电解液是研究的热点,但是人们对于隔膜的研究和关注度并不高。
超级电容器的隔膜纸位于两个多孔化碳电极之间,与电极一起完全浸润在电解液中,在反复充放电过程中起到隔离的作用,阻止电子传导,防止两极间接触造成的内部短路。这就要求隔膜材料是电子的绝缘体,具有良好的隔离性能,传统的隔膜材料多为树脂纤维制成,在电容器长期使用过程中有收缩性,对电容器的隔离性能有一定的影响,降低了电容器的使用寿命,所以研究低收缩率的电容器隔膜为现阶段的一大重要方向。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法,有效降低电容器隔膜的收缩率,提升其隔离性能,同时增强电容器隔膜抗氧化、耐寒等功效,延长电容器使用寿命,节约资源,适宜推广生产使用。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维60-65份、聚酯纤维12-16份、聚丙烯腈15-20份、聚异丁烯6-10份、聚甲醛纤维8-10份、纳米碳纤维4-8份、不饱和聚酯树脂15-20份、已二酸2-3份、二甲基乙酰胺80-90份、钛石膏2-4份、碳酸钙晶须4-5份、二氧化钛1-1.4份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.4-0.8份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1-2份、抗氧化剂1-1.2份、胶粘剂1-2份。
优选的,所述抗氧化剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十二碳醇酯、三辛酯质量比1∶3∶1的混合物。
优选的,所述胶粘剂为环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、阳离子淀粉、氢氧化钠质量比6∶3∶3∶0.1的混合物。
所述低收缩率电容器隔膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚甲醛纤维混合加入二甲基乙酰胺混合加热搅拌均匀,得混合浆料备用;
(2)将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,升温后高速机械搅拌,再加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续混合搅拌,得混合液于低温下冻干研磨成粉,得混合粉末备用;
(3)将上述混合浆料加入钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌和混合粉末,于超声震荡仪中进行震荡均质,得均质液备用;
(4)将上述均质液加入抗氧化剂、胶粘剂混合高速搅拌,后于玻璃板上进行流延成均匀的薄膜,干燥后与玻璃板剥离,得本发明电容器隔膜。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中混合加热搅拌的温度为80-90℃,搅拌转速为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为15-20min。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸升温高速搅拌的温度为55-60℃,搅拌转速为1200-1400r/min,搅拌时间为25-30min,加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈等物质继续搅拌的时间为15-20min,且低温冻干的温度为零下8℃-零下5℃。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为250-300W,频率为20KHz,均质时间为10-15min。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中所得隔膜厚度为100-200μm。
本发明提供一种低收缩率电容器隔膜及其制备方法,与现有技术相比优点在于:
(1)本发明采用聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯等材料为主要原料,在保证隔膜具有良好的韧性和强度的同时,提升其耐老化、耐低温等性能,防止由于环境变化造成产品发生形变和开裂的现象,提升产品的使用寿命。
(2)本发明将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,有效提升产品的抗收缩性能,同时配合添加去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯等物质再冻干成粉后添加混合,有效提升产品的稳定性,增强其使用效果,进一步降低产品收缩率。
(3)本发明添加钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌等物质,增强产品的强度和韧性,同时提升产品的使用寿命,增加经济效益,适宜推广生产使用。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维60份、聚酯纤维12份、聚丙烯腈15份、聚异丁烯6份、聚甲醛纤维8份、纳米碳纤维4份、不饱和聚酯树脂15份、已二酸2份、二甲基乙酰胺80份、钛石膏2份、碳酸钙晶须4份、二氧化钛1份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.4份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1份、抗氧化剂1份、胶粘剂1份。
所述抗氧化剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十二碳醇酯、三辛酯质量比1∶3∶1的混合物;所述胶粘剂为环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、阳离子淀粉、氢氧化钠质量比6∶3∶3∶0.1的混合物。
所述低收缩率电容器隔膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚甲醛纤维混合加入二甲基乙酰胺混合加热搅拌均匀,得混合浆料备用;
(2)将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,升温后高速机械搅拌,再加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续混合搅拌,得混合液于低温下冻干研磨成粉,得混合粉末备用;
(3)将上述混合浆料加入钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌和混合粉末,于超声震荡仪中进行震荡均质,得均质液备用;
(4)将上述均质液加入抗氧化剂、胶粘剂混合高速搅拌,后于玻璃板上进行流延成均匀的薄膜,干燥后与玻璃板剥离,得本发明电容器隔膜。
其中,所述步骤(1)中混合加热搅拌的温度为80-90℃,搅拌转速为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为15-20min;所述步骤(2)中不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸升温高速搅拌的温度为55-60℃,搅拌转速为1200-1400r/min,搅拌时间为25-30min,加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈等物质继续搅拌的时间为15-20min,且低温冻干的温度为零下8℃-零下5℃;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为250-300W,频率为20KHz,均质时间为10-15min;所述步骤(4)中所得隔膜厚度为100-200μm。
实施例2:
一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维65份、聚酯纤维16份、聚丙烯腈20份、聚异丁烯10份、聚甲醛纤维10份、纳米碳纤维8份、不饱和聚酯树脂20份、已二酸3份、二甲基乙酰胺90份、钛石膏4份、碳酸钙晶须5份、二氧化钛1.4份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.8份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌2份、抗氧化剂1.2份、胶粘剂2份。
所述抗氧化剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十二碳醇酯、三辛酯质量比1∶3∶1的混合物;所述胶粘剂为环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、阳离子淀粉、氢氧化钠质量比6∶3∶3∶0.1的混合物。
所述低收缩率电容器隔膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚甲醛纤维混合加入二甲基乙酰胺混合加热搅拌均匀,得混合浆料备用;
(2)将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,升温后高速机械搅拌,再加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续混合搅拌,得混合液于低温下冻干研磨成粉,得混合粉末备用;
(3)将上述混合浆料加入钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌和混合粉末,于超声震荡仪中进行震荡均质,得均质液备用;
(4)将上述均质液加入抗氧化剂、胶粘剂混合高速搅拌,后于玻璃板上进行流延成均匀的薄膜,干燥后与玻璃板剥离,得本发明电容器隔膜。
其中,所述步骤(1)中混合加热搅拌的温度为80-90℃,搅拌转速为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为15-20min;所述步骤(2)中不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸升温高速搅拌的温度为55-60℃,搅拌转速为1200-1400r/min,搅拌时间为25-30min,加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈等物质继续搅拌的时间为15-20min,且低温冻干的温度为零下8℃-零下5℃;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为250-300W,频率为20KHz,均质时间为10-15min;所述步骤(4)中所得隔膜厚度为100-200μm。
实施例3:
一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维63份、聚酯纤维14份、聚丙烯腈18份、聚异丁烯8份、聚甲醛纤维9份、纳米碳纤维6份、不饱和聚酯树脂18份、已二酸2.5份、二甲基乙酰胺85份、钛石膏3份、碳酸钙晶须4.5份、二氧化钛1.2份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.6份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1.5份、抗氧化剂1.1份、胶粘剂1.5份。
所述抗氧化剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十二碳醇酯、三辛酯质量比1∶3∶1的混合物;所述胶粘剂为环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、阳离子淀粉、氢氧化钠质量比6∶3∶3∶0.1的混合物。
所述低收缩率电容器隔膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚甲醛纤维混合加入二甲基乙酰胺混合加热搅拌均匀,得混合浆料备用;
(2)将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,升温后高速机械搅拌,再加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续混合搅拌,得混合液于低温下冻干研磨成粉,得混合粉末备用;
(3)将上述混合浆料加入钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌和混合粉末,于超声震荡仪中进行震荡均质,得均质液备用;
(4)将上述均质液加入抗氧化剂、胶粘剂混合高速搅拌,后于玻璃板上进行流延成均匀的薄膜,干燥后与玻璃板剥离,得本发明电容器隔膜。
其中,所述步骤(1)中混合加热搅拌的温度为80-90℃,搅拌转速为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为15-20min;所述步骤(2)中不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸升温高速搅拌的温度为55-60℃,搅拌转速为1200-1400r/min,搅拌时间为25-30min,加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈等物质继续搅拌的时间为15-20min,且低温冻干的温度为零下8℃-零下5℃;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为250-300W,频率为20KHz,均质时间为10-15min;所述步骤(4)中所得隔膜厚度为100-200μm。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于,所述低收缩率电容器隔膜由以下重量份的原料制成:聚丙烯纤维60-65份、聚酯纤维12-16份、聚丙烯腈15-20份、聚异丁烯6-10份、聚甲醛纤维8-10份、纳米碳纤维4-8份、不饱和聚酯树脂15-20份、已二酸2-3份、二甲基乙酰胺80-90份、钛石膏2-4份、碳酸钙晶须4-5份、二氧化钛1-1.4份、柠檬酸三丁酯0.4-0.8份、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1-2份、抗氧化剂1-1.2份、胶粘剂1-2份;
所述低收缩率电容器隔膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚甲醛纤维混合加入二甲基乙酰胺混合加热搅拌均匀,得混合浆料备用;
(2)将不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸混合,升温后高速机械搅拌,再加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续混合搅拌,得混合液于低温下冻干研磨成粉,得混合粉末备用;
(3)将上述混合浆料加入钛石膏、碳酸钙晶须、纳米碳纤维、二氧化钛、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌和混合粉末,于超声震荡仪中进行震荡均质,得均质液备用;
(4)将上述均质液加入抗氧化剂、胶粘剂混合高速搅拌,后于玻璃板上进行流延成均匀的薄膜,干燥后与玻璃板剥离,得本发明电容器隔膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述抗氧化剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十二碳醇酯、三辛酯质量比1∶3∶1的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述胶粘剂为环氧树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、阳离子淀粉、氢氧化钠质量比6∶3∶3∶0.1的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中混合加热搅拌的温度为80-90℃,搅拌转速为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为15-20min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中不饱和聚酯树脂和已二酸升温高速搅拌的温度为55-60℃,搅拌转速为1200-1400r/min,搅拌时间为25-30min,加入去离子水、聚丙烯腈、聚异丁烯、柠檬酸三丁酯继续搅拌的时间为15-20min,且低温冻干的温度为零下8℃-零下5℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为250-300W,频率为20KHz,均质时间为10-15min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种低收缩率电容器隔膜,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中所得隔膜厚度为100-200μm。
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