CN110241307A - The method that two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte - Google Patents
The method that two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte Download PDFInfo
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- CN110241307A CN110241307A CN201910612187.3A CN201910612187A CN110241307A CN 110241307 A CN110241307 A CN 110241307A CN 201910612187 A CN201910612187 A CN 201910612187A CN 110241307 A CN110241307 A CN 110241307A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/18—Reducing step-by-step
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte.Method includes the following steps: nickel-containing material and fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent to be carried out under the conditions of 1150~1400 DEG C of temperature to fusing and prereduction in side-blown smelting furnace, wherein fuel and oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into side-blown smelting furnace by immersion side-blown spray gun, side-blown smelting furnace is added by top in nickel-containing material and reducing agent, obtains liquid molten slag containing sulfonium；Liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is passed through in electric reduction furnace under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature restore by warm sludge chute and is separated with slag sulfonium, nickel matte is obtained.Two-step method is provided using the present invention restoring nickeliferous substance and prepare nickel matte, it is higher to make sulfonium efficiency, reduces energy consumption, while improving the grade of nickel matte.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal smelt fields, prepare nickel matte in particular to a kind of two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material
Method.
Background technique
Nickel is known as industrial vitamin as a kind of strategic materials.Nickel has good plasticity, corrosion resistance and magnetism
Etc. performances, be primarily used to the fields such as steel, nickel-base alloy, plating and battery, be widely used in the various completions such as aircraft, radar
Manufacturing industry, civilian machinery manufacturing industry and electroplating industry etc..With the fast development of social industry, the consumption of nickel is continuously increased, sulphur
It is also increasingly depleted to change nickel minerals, effective exploitation and using the relevant technologies such as other nickel-containing material lateritic nickel ores by more and more
Attention.Nickel-containing material mentions the alloy product after nickel, and there are two main classes, and one kind is ferronickel, and another kind of is nickel matte.The yield of ferronickel
Day hastens towards saturation, and the nickel matte for being used to produce ternary material is paid more and more attention.
Mainly there are sintering furnace+blast furnace and rotary kiln technology currently with the method that lateritic nickel ore prepares nickel matte, using blast furnace
Smelting laterite-nickel ores are carried out, energy consumption is huge, and cannot achieve selective reduction because blast furnace nucleus temperature is excessively high, causes to restore
Obtained nickel matte grade is too low, only 3~6%；On the other hand it is that method environmental protection is poor, new environmental requirement can not be adapted to.Revolution
Kiln smelting red clay nickel ore, there is also the problems that energy consumption is larger, although and compared to blast furnace have higher nickel matte grade, still
Only 10% or so.
Summary of the invention
It is existing to solve the main purpose of the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte
Have in technology and the existing problem that energy consumption is high, nickel matte grade is low of nickel matte is prepared using sintering furnace, blast furnace and rotary kiln technology.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of two-stage method restores nickel-containing material system
The method of standby nickel matte comprising following steps: by nickel-containing material and fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent in side-blown smelting furnace
Fusing and prereduction are carried out under the conditions of 1150~1400 DEG C of temperature, wherein fuel and oxygen-enriched air are passed through immersion side-blown spray gun
It sprays into side-blown smelting furnace, side-blown smelting furnace is added by top in nickel-containing material and reducing agent, obtains liquid molten slag containing sulfonium；
Liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is passed through in electric reduction furnace by warm sludge chute and is restored under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature
It is separated with slag sulfonium, obtains nickel matte.
Further, nickel-containing material is lateritic nickel ore, in the step of nickel-containing material and reducing agent are passed through side-blown reduction furnace
Before, method further include: nickel-containing material, reducing agent, flux and vulcanizing agent are pelletized, side is then sent by rubber conveyer
Blow and fuse furnace.
Further, in fusing and pre-reduction, the jetting pressure of oxygen-enriched air is 0.2~0.8MPa, and oxygen-enriched
The volumetric concentration of oxygen is 60~80% in air.
Further, in fusing and pre-reduction, control slag type includes FeO, SiO2, CaO, MgO and Al2O3。
Further, in fusing and pre-reduction, coefficient of excess air α=0.75 in side-blown smelting furnace furnace is controlled
~0.95.
Further, the first flue gas is also obtained in fusing and prereduction, method further includes successively carrying out to the first flue gas
The step of second-time burning, waste heat are recycled, are gathered dust.
Further, be also obtained the second flue gas in reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium, method further include to the second flue gas according to
Secondary progress second-time burning, waste heat recycling, step of gathering dust.
Further, clinker is also obtained in reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium, method further includes carrying out water quenching to clinker
Step.
Further, method further includes the steps that bessemerizing nickel matte.
Further, vessel slag and third flue gas, the above method are also obtained during bessemerizing further include: by converter
Slag is back to fusing and pre-reduction procedure；Third flue gas is sent to acid making system.
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte comprising following steps: will contain
Nickel materials and fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent carried out under the conditions of 1150~1400 DEG C of temperature in side-blown smelting furnace fusing and
Prereduction, wherein fuel and oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into side-blown smelting furnace by immersion side-blown spray gun, by nickel-containing material and also
Side-blown smelting furnace is added by top in former agent, obtains liquid molten slag containing sulfonium；Liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is led to by warm sludge chute
Enter to carry out reduction in electric reduction furnace under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature to separate with slag sulfonium, obtains nickel matte.
Present invention employs side-blown smelting furnaces to have carried out fusing and prereduction to nickel-containing material, passes through immersion side-blown spray gun
Oxygen-enriched air and fuel are injected directly into molten bath, can be improved heat utilization efficiency, the fusing and pre-reduction are existed
Carried out under oxygen-enriched state and lower reduction temperature (1150~1400 DEG C), this aspect is conducive to energy saving, on the one hand compared with
Low reduction temperature is conducive to improve the selective reduction to nickel, to prepare for higher nickel matte grade.Then, prereduction
Obtained liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is passed through in electric reduction furnace by warm sludge chute, at a higher temperature (1500~1600 DEG C)
Complete drastic reduction.Reduction temperature can be controlled using electric reduction furnace for greater flexibility, and can be to avoid foam in operating process
Slag phenomenon, to further increase nickel matte grade.
Nickel matte is prepared in short, providing two-step method using the present invention and restoring nickeliferous substance, it is higher to make sulfonium efficiency, reduces energy
Consumption, while improving the grade of nickel matte.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the process flow that the reduction nickel-containing material of two-stage method according to an embodiment of the present invention prepares nickel matte
Figure；
Fig. 2 shows the structural block diagrams that reduction nickel-containing material according to an embodiment of the present invention prepares the device of nickel matte；
And
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram of side-blown smelting furnace and electric reduction furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the above drawings include the following reference numerals:
10, side-blown smelting furnace；20, electric reduction furnace；30, disk pelletizing machine；40, feed bin；50, constant feeder；60,
One fuel element；70, the first waste heat recovery unit；80, it first gathers dust unit；90, the second fuel element；100, the second waste heat returns
Receive unit；110, it second gathers dust unit；120, converter；130, acid making system；140, water quenching unit；150, dosing.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As described in background of invention part, sintering furnace, blast furnace and rotary kiln technology are used in the prior art
Prepare the existing problem that energy consumption is high, nickel matte grade is low of nickel matte.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the methods that a kind of two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps: by nickel-containing material and fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent in side-blown smelting furnace 1150~
Fusing and prereduction are carried out under the conditions of 1400 DEG C of temperature, wherein fuel and oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into side by immersion side-blown spray gun
It blows and fuses in furnace, side-blown smelting furnace is added by top in nickel-containing material and reducing agent, obtains liquid molten slag containing sulfonium；By liquid
Melting slag containing sulfonium is passed through in electric reduction furnace under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature by warm sludge chute carries out reduction and slag sulfonium
Separation, obtains nickel matte.
Present invention employs side-blown smelting furnaces to have carried out fusing and prereduction to nickel-containing material, passes through immersion side-blown spray gun
Oxygen-enriched air and fuel are injected directly into molten bath and provide heat for the fusing of nickel-containing material and prereduction, can be improved heat utilization
Rate, and submersible burning direct flame contact melt, combustion product gases stir molten bath, strengthen the mass transfer in molten bath and accelerate reaction,
Make lateritic nickel ore granular material rapid melting so that the fusing and pre-reduction can oxygen-enriched state and it is lower also
It is carried out at former temperature (1150~1400 DEG C).This aspect is conducive to energy saving, and on the one hand lower reduction temperature is conducive to
The selective reduction to nickel is improved, to prepare for higher nickel matte grade.Then, the liquid molten that prereduction obtains contains sulfonium
Slag is passed through in electric reduction furnace by warm sludge chute, at a higher temperature (1500~1600 DEG C) completion drastic reduction (electric heating
There was only liquid sulfonium slag in reduction furnace, does not have to that other reagents are added, required reagent is all added in ingredient；Electric reduction furnace
Middle temperature is high, and reducing agent plays the role of drastic reduction).Reduction temperature, root can be controlled using electric reduction furnace for greater flexibility
Temperature is raised and lowered according to the property of furnace charge, and can be to avoid foam phenomenon, to further increase nickel matte in operating process
Grade.
Nickel matte is prepared in short, providing two-step method using the present invention and restoring nickeliferous substance, it is higher to make sulfonium efficiency, reduces energy
Consumption, while improving the grade of nickel matte.In addition, preparing nickel matte using method of the invention, nickel, the rate of recovery of cobalt are higher.
In order to further increase the prereduction effect of nickel-containing material, the selective reduction degree to nickel is improved, is reduced simultaneously
Charging difficulty simultaneously improves slag making effect, and in a preferred embodiment, nickel-containing material is lateritic nickel ore, by nickel-containing material
Before the step of being passed through side-blown reduction furnace with reducing agent, the above method further include: by nickel-containing material, reducing agent, flux and vulcanization
Agent is pelletized, and is then sent into side-blown smelting furnace by rubber conveyer.Above-mentioned reducing agent is solid reductant, such as beans, coke
Charcoal etc., above-mentioned flux can be type commonly used in the art, such as calc-flux, siliceous flux etc., and above-mentioned fuel can be powder
Last shape fuel such as fine coal, is also possible to fuel gas such as coal gas, natural gas etc., and the selection of vulcanizing agent can be the common of this field
Type, such as pyrite, gypsum etc..In the actual operation process, the preferred weight of lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal, vulcanizing agent, flux
Than for 100:(0.5~4.0): (1.5~8.0): (5~25).
By taking lateritic nickel ore as an example, lateritic nickel ore is loosely advisable by sunning, volatile fraction free water with appropriateness.It is aqueous suitable
Suitable lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal, vulcanizing agent, flux are sent into side-blown reduction furnace after disk pelletizing mechanism grain, by rubber conveyer
Preceding feed bin is continuously introduced into side-blown smelting furnace through constant feeder, mobile belt conveyor.
In a preferred embodiment, in fusing and pre-reduction, the jetting pressure of oxygen-enriched air is 0.2~
0.8MPa, and the volumetric concentration of oxygen is 60~80% in oxygen-enriched air.Under the jetting pressure and excess oxygen, nickel-containing material
With better prereduction effect, and energy consumption is lower, and the selective reduction degree of nickel is higher.It in the actual operation process, can be with
It is used cooperatively by pressing through air and oxygen and obtains oxygen-enriched air.It is highly preferred that controlling slag type in fusing and pre-reduction
Including FeO, SiO2, CaO, MgO and Al2O3, more preferably controlling slag type is FeO 28~32%, MgO < 12%, SiO236~
44%, CaO 12~18%.Flux is added at the top of side-blown smelting furnace can adjust slag type and fusing point, and above-mentioned slag type is conducive to drop
Low viscosity coefficient of dross and fusing point.
In order to provide weak reduction atmosphere into side-blown smelting furnace, to improve prereduction effect, in a kind of preferred implementation
In mode, in fusing and pre-reduction, coefficient of excess air α=0.75~0.95 in side-blown smelting furnace furnace is controlled.It should
Coefficient of excess air namely combustion coefficient, coefficient of excess air=(Actual combustion air capacity-theoretical combustion air)/theory combustion
Air capacity is burnt, excess air guarantees full combustion, and reasonable coefficient guarantees inexpensive (it is few that flue gas takes away heat).In the present invention,
In the state that coefficient of excess air is 0.75~0.95, pre-reduction can either reach heat balance, and also have compared with
Good reduction effect.In specific operation process, coefficient of excess air can just can adjust by adjusting air output and pressure.Upper
Under the conditions of stating, side-blown smelting furnace specific capacity about 40~50t/dm2.It is highly preferred that being temperature higher state in electric reduction furnace
Under strong reduction atmosphere, be conducive to the progress of drastic reduction.
Nickel-containing material melted in side-blown smelting furnace, prereduction during can generate flue gas, a kind of preferred
In embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the first flue gas is also obtained in above-mentioned fusing and prereduction, method further includes to the first flue gas
The step of successively carrying out second-time burning, waste heat recycling, gathering dust.Second-time burning can fire the combustible component in flue gas again
It burns, obtained flue-gas temperature is higher, after waste heat recycling step recovery waste heat, is divided flue dust therein by gathering dust step
From.The heat in prereduction flue gas has effectively been recycled through the above steps and separates flue dust therein.It should be noted that in addition to receiving
Flue dust has been separated in dirt step, part flue dust is also had in waste heat recycling step and is collected.This part of flue dust can return
Granulation step, through with pelletize after nickel-containing material, reducing agent etc. together ingredient, be again introduced into reduction process.Because of prereduction
Temperature in journey is lower, and the mode that electric precipitation is preferably directlyed adopt in the step of gathering dust of the first flue gas carries out.
Similarly, the second flue gas is also created in reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium, in a preferred embodiment, on
The method of stating further includes that second-time burning, waste heat recycling, step of gathering dust successively are carried out to the second flue gas.Because the temperature in reduction process compared with
Height, the surface-cooler that processing preferably includes successively to carry out that gathers dust of the second flue gas gathers dust to gather dust with bagroom.It gathered dust
The flue dust being collected into journey and waste heat removal process can also return to granulation step, through matching together with nickel-containing material, reducing agent etc.
It pelletizes after material, is again introduced into reduction process.
Respectively after above-mentioned second-time burning, waste heat recycling and step of gathering dust, the first flue gas and the second flue gas are obtained through processing
Gas be preferably sent to tail gas desulfurization step, with carry out further purify after empty.
In the actual operation process, the reduction process in preferably above-mentioned electric reduction furnace is carried out continuously, periodically charging, row
Slag puts sulfonium.Electric reduction furnace is set there are four discharge port, and the outlet of two of them reduced blast furnace and two nickel mattes export.A kind of excellent
In the embodiment of choosing, clinker is also obtained in reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium, the above method further includes carrying out water quenching to clinker
The step of.It stores up or takes out as general solid waste after electrothermal reduction furnace slag granulating.
After obtaining nickel matte, it is highly preferred that as shown in Figure 1, the above method further includes the step bessemerized nickel matte
Suddenly.By bessemerizing, the higher high nickel matte of grade can be prepared.Specific converting process is well known to those skilled in the art
, details are not described herein.
In order to more fully utilize resource, in a preferred embodiment, it is also obtained and turns during bessemerizing
Clinker and third flue gas, the above method further include: vessel slag is back to fusing and pre-reduction procedure；Third flue gas is sent to system
Acid system.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of device for restoring nickel-containing material and preparing nickel matte is additionally provided, such as Fig. 2 and 3
Shown, which includes: side-blown smelting furnace 10 and electric reduction furnace 20, and first entrance, side are provided at the top of side-blown smelting furnace 10
Portion is provided with immersion side-blown spray gun, and lower part is provided with the outlet of liquid molten slag containing sulfonium, and first entrance is to be passed through nickel-containing material
And reducing agent, immersion side-blown spray gun are used to spray into fuel and oxygen-enriched air, side-blown smelting furnace 10 into side-blown smelting furnace 10
Nickel-containing material to be carried out to fusing and prereduction in the presence of fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent to obtain liquid molten containing sulfonium
Slag；Electric reduction furnace 20 is provided with the liquid molten entrance of slag containing sulfonium, and liquid molten slag containing sulfonium entrance goes out with liquid molten slag containing sulfonium
Mouth is connected by warm sludge chute, and electric reduction furnace 20 is to carry out reduction and the separation of slag sulfonium to liquid molten slag containing sulfonium to obtain nickel
Sulfonium.
Using above-mentioned apparatus provided by the invention, nickeliferous object is successively handled by side-blown smelting furnace 10 and electric reduction furnace 20
Material so that nickel-containing material first carried out in side-blown smelting furnace 10 fusing and prereduction, after restored in electric reduction furnace 20
It is separated with slag sulfonium.It, can be direct by oxygen-enriched air and fuel in furnace side by immersion side-blown spray gun in side-blown smelting furnace 10
It sprays into molten bath and provides heat for the fusing and prereduction of nickel-containing material, can be improved heat utilization efficiency, and submersible burning flame
Melt is directly contacted, combustion product gases stir molten bath, strengthen the mass transfer in molten bath and accelerate reaction, keep lateritic nickel ore granular material fast
Fast thawing, so that the fusing and pre-reduction can be in oxygen-enriched states and lower reduction temperature (1150~1400 DEG C)
Lower progress.This aspect is conducive to energy saving, and on the one hand lower reduction temperature is conducive to improve the selective reduction to nickel,
To prepare for higher nickel matte grade.Then, the liquid molten slag containing sulfonium that prereduction obtains is passed through electricity by warm sludge chute
In thermal reduction furnace 20, (1500~1600 DEG C) completion drastic reductions at a higher temperature.It can be more using electric reduction furnace 20
Reduction temperature is neatly controlled, temperature is raised and lowered according to the property of furnace charge, and can be existing to avoid foamed slag in operating process
As to further increase nickel matte grade.
Nickel matte is prepared in short, providing two-step method using the present invention and restoring nickeliferous substance, it is higher to make sulfonium efficiency, reduces energy
Consumption, while improving the grade of nickel matte.In addition, preparing nickel matte using method of the invention, nickel, the rate of recovery of cobalt are higher.
In order to further increase the prereduction effect of nickel-containing material, the selective reduction degree to nickel is improved, is reduced simultaneously
Charging difficulty simultaneously improves slag making effect, and in a preferred embodiment, above-mentioned apparatus further includes disk pelletizing machine 30, disk
For pelletizing to nickel-containing material, reducing agent, flux and vulcanizing agent, the outlet of disk pelletizing machine 30 enters granulator 30 with first
Mouth is connected.It is highly preferred that above-mentioned apparatus further includes dosing 150, dosing 150 is used for nickel-containing material, reducing agent, melts
Agent and vulcanizing agent carry out ingredient, and the raw material after ingredient is sent into disk pelletizing machine 30 through rubber conveyer and pelletizes.
It is highly preferred that as shown in Fig. 2, above-mentioned apparatus further include: feed bin 40 is provided with second entrance and bin outlet, the
Two entrances are connected with the outlet of disk pelletizing machine 30；Constant feeder 50 is provided with third entrance and feed-stock outlet, third entrance
It is connected with bin outlet, feed-stock outlet is connected with first entrance.Setting can stablize quantitatively into side-blown smelting furnace 10 in this way
Transferring raw material is conducive to the duration and stability that maintain equipment operation.
Nickel-containing material melted in side-blown smelting furnace 10, prereduction during can generate flue gas, it is a kind of preferably
Embodiment in, as shown in Fig. 2, side-blown smelting furnace 10 is additionally provided with the first exhanst gas outlet, device further include: the first burning is single
Member 60, is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet, and the first flue gas for the first exhanst gas outlet to be discharged carries out second-time burning；First waste heat
Recovery unit 70, has the first air inlet and first row port, and the first air inlet is connected with the outlet of the first fuel element 60；The
One gathers dust unit 80, has the second air inlet, second exhaust port and the outlet of the first flue dust, the second air inlet and first row port phase
Even.First fuel element 60 can burn again to the combustible component in the first flue gas, and obtained flue-gas temperature is higher, lead to
After crossing 70 recovery waste heat of the first waste heat recovery unit, flue dust therein separated by first unit 80 that gathers dust.Pass through above-mentioned dress
It is set effective the heat recycled in the first flue gas and separates flue dust therein.It should be noted that in addition to being separated in step of gathering dust
Flue dust also has part flue dust in waste heat recycling step and is collected.Preferably, above-mentioned first waste heat recovery unit 70 and first
The gather dust flue dust outlet of unit 80 is connected with dosing 150, return ingredient and granulation step, through with nickel-containing material, reducing agent
Deng pelletizing after ingredient together, it is again introduced into reduction process.Because the temperature in pre-reduction is lower, preferably first gathers dust list
Member 80 is electric precipitator.
Similarly, in order to handle the second flue gas being discharged in electric reduction furnace 20, in a preferred embodiment, such as scheme
Shown in 2, electric reduction furnace 20 is additionally provided with the second exhanst gas outlet, above-mentioned apparatus further include: the second fuel element 90, with the second cigarette
Gas outlet is connected, and the second flue gas for the second exhanst gas outlet to be discharged carries out second-time burning；Second waste heat recovery unit 100,
With third air inlet and third exhaust outlet, third air inlet is connected with the outlet of the second fuel element 70；Second gathers dust unit
110, there is the 4th air inlet, the 4th exhaust outlet and the outlet of the second flue dust, the 4th air inlet to be connected with third exhaust outlet.In this way may be used
To carry out second-time burning, waste heat recycling and processing of gathering dust to the second flue gas.Preferably, the second waste heat recovery unit 100 and second
The gather dust flue dust outlet of unit 110 is connected with dosing 150, return ingredient and granulation step, through with nickel-containing material, reducing agent
Deng pelletizing after ingredient together, it is again introduced into reduction process.
Because the temperature in reduction process is higher, the temperature of the second flue gas is higher, in a preferred embodiment, second
The unit 110 that gathers dust includes the surface-cooler and bagroom for being sequentially connected in series setting.Preferably, it above-mentioned first gathers dust unit 80
The exhanst gas outlet for gathering dust unit 110 with second is connected with desulfurization unit, to carry out desulfurizing and purifying processing to flue gas.
Preferably, there are two the first exhanst gas outlets for setting at the top of above-mentioned side-blown smelting furnace 10, and there are two liquid for lower part setting
The outlet of slag containing sulfonium is melted, bottom is additionally provided with a bottom discharge outlet.The bottom discharge outlet is arranged can be in the case where repairing furnace or accident condition
Nickel matte discharge in furnace is clean.
In order to further prepare the higher high nickel matte of nickel grade, in a preferred embodiment, electric reduction furnace 20
It is additionally provided with nickel matte outlet, above-mentioned apparatus further includes converter 120, and converter 120 is connected with nickel matte outlet.Converter
120 can use the type of furnace commonly used in the art.It is highly preferred that converter 120 is provided with vessel slag for efficent use of resources
Outlet, vessel slag outlet are connected with the first entrance of side-blown smelting furnace 10.
Sulfur content is higher in the flue gas of 120 output of converter, in a preferred embodiment, converter 120
It is provided with third exhanst gas outlet, above-mentioned apparatus further includes acid making system 130, and acid making system 130 is connected with third exhanst gas outlet.
In a preferred embodiment, electric reduction furnace 20 is provided with reduced blast furnace outlet, and above-mentioned apparatus further includes
Water quenching unit 140, water quenching unit 140 are connected with reduced blast furnace outlet.
Preferably, there are two nickel matte outlets, two reduced blast furnace outlets for the above-mentioned setting of electric reduction furnace 20.
The application is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments should not be understood as limitation originally
Apply for range claimed.
Embodiment 1
Reduction is carried out to lateritic nickel ore using two-step method in the present embodiment and is prepared for nickel matte, detailed process and device are as follows:
1) ingredient, granulation and fusing pre-reduction stage
Lateritic nickel ore is loosely advisable by sunning, volatile fraction free water with appropriateness.Aqueous suitable lateritic nickel ore is gone back
After raw coal, vulcanizing agent (pyrite), flux (lime stone) carry out ingredient with weight ratio 100:3:6:16, inputted by rubber conveyer
After disk pelletizing mechanism grain, side-blown reduction stokehold feed bin is sent by rubber conveyer, through constant feeder, mobile adhesive tape conveying
Machine is continuously introduced into side-blown smelting furnace.
The oxygen-enriched air and producer gas for having oxygen volumetric concentration about 70% made of compressed air, oxygen configuration are through furnace
Body two sides submergence fine coal spray gun blasts in molten bath, and producer gas and oxygen-enriched air jetting pressure are 0.6MPa.Submersible burning
Direct flame contact melt, combustion product gases stir molten bath, and the mass transfer for strengthening molten bath accelerates reaction, makes lateritic nickel ore granular material
Molten bath slag type and fusing point in regulating stove is added from furnace roof in rapid melting, the flux such as lime, wherein control smelting temperature about 1250~
1300 DEG C, slag type control: FeO 30%, MgO < 12%, SiO240%, CaO 15%.Side-blown smelting furnace specific capacity about 40~
50t/d·m2。
Furnace air coefficient of excess α=0.80 is controlled, lateritic nickel ore melts slag making and forms liquid molten slag containing sulfonium.Slag in furnace
It after layer reaches certain thickness, is semi-continuously discharged from the cinder notch for being located at side-blown converter one end, slagging temperature is 1250 DEG C.Liquid molten
Slag containing sulfonium is added in electric reduction furnace by warm sludge chute.
It about 1250 DEG C of side-blown converter flue gas during smelting temperature, leaks out in upper of furnace body and uptake flue, by CO bis- times combustions in flue gas
After burning, after waste heat boiler tentatively cools to 350 DEG C of recovery waste heats, flue gas send tail gas desulfurization after electricity gathers dust further cooling
Processing.
2) the drastic reduction stage
Liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is added from electric reduction furnace hot material import, and power transmission heating is carried out after the completion of charging, is melted in furnace
1550~1600 DEG C of temperature of refining, electrothermal reduction process is carried out continuously, and regular charging, puts sulfonium at deslagging.There are four electric reduction furnace is set
Discharge port, two slag tap and two nickel matte discharge outlets.
Electric reduction furnace is set there are four discharge port, two slag tap and two nickel matte discharge outlets.1550 DEG C of slag exhaust temperature,
About 1500 DEG C of low nickel matte exhaust temperature, wherein low nickel matte grade: Ni:35%, Fe:55%, S:10%, molten state nickel matte send converter
Further blowing is at nickelic sulphur, high nickel matte grade: Ni:80%, Fe < 1%, S:18%.
Electrothermal reduction clinker (containing Ni < 0.15%) is stored up or is taken out as general solid waste after water quenching.Electric reduction furnace produces
Raw high-temperature flue gas leaks out in upper of furnace body and uptake flue, after CO, S second-time burning in flue gas, tentatively drops through waste heat boiler
After temperature to 350 DEG C of recovery waste heats, after surface-cooler and bagroom dedusting, flue gas send tail gas desulphurizing system to handle,
Flue dust, which is had bad luck, returns to side-blown reduction ingredient.
Embodiment 2
Difference from example 1 is that: fusing pre-reduction stage, producer gas and oxygen-enriched air jetting pressure are
0.8MPa controls about 1350~1450 DEG C of smelting temperature；Control furnace air coefficient of excess α=0.95.Drastic reduction stage, furnace
1500~1550 DEG C of interior smelting temperature.1500 DEG C of slag exhaust temperature, about 1480 DEG C of low nickel matte exhaust temperature, wherein low nickel matte product
Position: Ni:23%, Fe:65%, S:12%, molten state nickel matte send converter further to blow into nickelic sulphur, high nickel matte grade: Ni:
77%, Fe < 1%, S:21%.
Embodiment 3
Difference from example 1 is that: fusing pre-reduction stage, producer gas and oxygen-enriched air jetting pressure are
0.6MPa controls about 1150~1200 DEG C of smelting temperature；Control furnace air coefficient of excess α=0.75.Drastic reduction stage, furnace
1500~1550 DEG C of interior smelting temperature.1500 DEG C of slag exhaust temperature, about 1500 DEG C of low nickel matte exhaust temperature, wherein low nickel matte product
Position: Ni:20%, Fe:77%, S:13%, molten state nickel matte send converter further to blow into nickelic sulphur, high nickel matte grade: Ni:
75%, Fe < 1%, S:22%.
Embodiment 4
Difference from example 1 is that: fusing pre-reduction stage, producer gas and oxygen-enriched air jetting pressure are
0.2MPa controls about 1150~1200 DEG C of smelting temperature；Control furnace air coefficient of excess α=0.70.Drastic reduction stage, furnace
1500~1550 DEG C of interior smelting temperature.1500 DEG C of slag exhaust temperature, about 1500 DEG C of low nickel matte exhaust temperature, wherein low nickel matte product
Position: Ni:15%, Fe:73%, S:12%, molten state nickel matte send converter further to blow into nickelic sulphur, high nickel matte grade: Ni:
70%, Fe < 2%, S:25%.
Comparative example 1
Difference from example 1 is that: fusing pre-reduction stage, producer gas and oxygen-enriched air jetting pressure are
0.2MPa controls about 1100~1140 DEG C of smelting temperature；Control furnace air coefficient of excess α=0.65.Drastic reduction stage, furnace
1450~1490 DEG C of interior smelting temperature.1450 DEG C of slag exhaust temperature, about 1430 DEG C of low nickel matte exhaust temperature, wherein low nickel matte product
Position: Ni:10%, Fe:80%, S:10%, molten state nickel matte send converter further to blow into nickelic sulphur, high nickel matte grade: Ni:
64%, Fe < 7%, S:29%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte, which comprises the following steps:
By the nickel-containing material and fuel, oxygen-enriched air, reducing agent in 1150~1400 DEG C of temperature conditions in side-blown smelting furnace
Under carry out fusing and prereduction, wherein the fuel and the oxygen-enriched air are sprayed by immersion side-blown spray gun described side-blown
In smelting furnace, the side-blown smelting furnace is added by top in the nickel-containing material and the reducing agent, liquid molten is obtained and contains
Sulfonium slag；
The liquid molten slag containing sulfonium is passed through in electric reduction furnace under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature by warm sludge chute
It carries out reduction to separate with slag sulfonium, obtains nickel matte.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-containing material is lateritic nickel ore, will be described nickeliferous
Before the step of material and the reducing agent are passed through the side-blown reduction furnace, the method also includes: by the nickel-containing material, institute
It states reducing agent, flux and vulcanizing agent to pelletize, the side-blown smelting furnace is then sent by rubber conveyer.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described fusing and pre-reduction in, the oxygen-enriched sky
The jetting pressure of gas is 0.2~0.8MPa, and the volumetric concentration of oxygen is 60~80% in the oxygen-enriched air.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, controlling slag type packet in the fusing and pre-reduction
Include FeO, SiO2, CaO, MgO and Al2O3。
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, controlling the side in the fusing and pre-reduction
Blow coefficient of excess air α=0.75~0.95 in smelting furnace.
6. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that also obtained in the fusing and prereduction
First flue gas, the method also includes successively carrying out second-time burning, waste heat recycling, gather dust to first flue gas.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, being also obtained second in the reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium
Flue gas, the method also includes successively carrying out second-time burning, waste heat recycling, step of gathering dust to second flue gas.
8. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that in the reduction and the separation process of slag sulfonium
Clinker is also obtained, the method also includes carrying out water quenching to the clinker.
9. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the method also includes to the nickel matte
The step of being bessemerized.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, it is described bessemerize during be also obtained vessel slag and
Third flue gas, the method also includes:
The vessel slag is back to the fusing and pre-reduction procedure；
The third flue gas is sent to acid making system.
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| CN111088437A (en) * | 2020-01-04 | 2020-05-01 | 云南锡业股份有限公司冶炼分公司 | Method for treating high-silicon tin ore by using oxygen-enriched top-blown furnace |
| CN111101001A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method |
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| CN113293296A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low grade nickel matte by melting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN113293296B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing low nickel matte by smelting, reducing and vulcanizing nickel oxide ore |
| CN113337733A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 刘俊梅 | Method for preparing nickel matte from ferronickel and gypsum |
| WO2024149128A1 (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-18 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and system for producing nickel matte from nickel-containing solid waste |
| CN116162804A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-05-26 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Method for producing high nickel matte and molten iron from ferronickel |
| CN116162804B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Method for producing high nickel matte and molten iron from ferronickel |
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