CN102703684A - Method for producing low nickel matte through vulcanization of calcined sand - Google Patents
Method for producing low nickel matte through vulcanization of calcined sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN102703684A CN102703684A CN2012102067191A CN201210206719A CN102703684A CN 102703684 A CN102703684 A CN 102703684A CN 2012102067191 A CN2012102067191 A CN 2012102067191A CN 201210206719 A CN201210206719 A CN 201210206719A CN 102703684 A CN102703684 A CN 102703684A
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- calcining
- nickel matte
- low nickel
- sulfuration
- sulfur
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing low nickel matte through the vulcanization of calcined sand. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) mixing and calcining a lateritic nickel ore, a reducing agent and a first slag forming agent to obtain the calcined sand; (2) vulcanizing the calcined sand to obtain sulfur-containing calcined sand; (3) smelting the sulfur-containing calcined sand in an electric furnace to obtain the low nickel matte and waste residues. According to the method for producing the low nickel matte through the vulcanization of the calcined sand of the embodiment, the calcined sand is obtained through calcination and then is vulcanized and smelted in the electric furnace so that the nickel matte product is obtained. The method is strong in operability and can be used for carrying out smelting operation on the lateritic ore in regions lacking of electric power; coals can be used as energy sources of the whole production process; and in the production process, a waste heat power generation technology can be used for recycling heat energy after high temperature flue gases are dedusted, thereby achieving the effect of effectively reducing the energy consumption in the whole smelting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Metal smelting technical field, more specifically, the present invention relates to the method that low nickel matte is produced in a kind of calcining sulfuration.
Background technology
Characteristics such as that nickel has is anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature resistant, intensity is high, ductility is good; Its purposes very extensively; Especially the consumption proportion in iron and steel and non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry is maximum; Next is applied in industries such as light industry, machinofacture, chemical industry, oil and electric power, and high-technology field is also very vigorous to the demand of nickel.
The reserves of world's continental rise nickel are about 41,700,000,000 tons, and 39.14% form with sulphide ores exists, and about in the world 70% nickel is from sulphide ores, to extract, and compose to exist the nickel in the ore deposit to account for 60.16% of nickel reserves.But along with the nickel sulfide ore of economic utilization and the exhaustion day by day of higher-grade red soil nickel ore resource, the economic development of a large amount of low-grade red soil nickel ores that exist has become the research focus of current metallurgy of nickel.
Yet the smelting process of present red soil nickel ore and device processes ability are lower, and energy consumption is big, is unfavorable for environmental protection, therefore still remain to be improved.At present, laterite mainly utilizes electric furnace process melting ferronickel product, and the product of production is mainly used in the production stainless steel.Utilize existing rotary kiln-eaf process smelting ferronickel product, relatively harsher to the requirement of factory's location EPS, especially lack the area at electric power, be difficult to carry out the production work of the laterite utilization of resources.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or provides a kind of useful commerce to select at least.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method that low nickel matte is produced in the calcining sulfuration simple, that energy consumption is low and feasibility is strong of implementing.
Method according to low nickel matte is produced in the calcining sulfuration of the embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps:
A) laterite-type nickel ore and reductive agent and first slag former is baking mixed, obtain calcining;
B) with said calcining sulfuration, obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining;
C) said sulfur-bearing calcining is carried out electrosmelting, obtains low nickel matte product and waste residue,
Wherein, the mass percent of Ni is 5～20% in the said low nickel matte product, and the mass percent of Fe is 45～65%, and the mass percent of S is 20～50%.
Method according to low nickel matte is produced in the calcining sulfuration of the embodiment of the invention obtains calcining through roasting, calcining is vulcanized and electrosmelting again; Can obtain the nickel matte product; This method is workable, can carry out laterite smelting work in the area that electric power lacks, and coal can provide the energy of whole process of production; High-temperature flue gas carries out heat energy recycle through cogeneration technology capable of using after taking off dirt in the production process, reaches the effect of the whole smelting process energy consumption of effective reduction.
In addition, the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characterictic:
According to one embodiment of present invention, in said step a), the mass ratio of said laterite-type nickel ore, said reductive agent and said first slag former is (60～80): (5～20): (5～20).
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step a) comprises:
A-1) the adding dry kiln is mixed in laterite type ore deposit with coal and carry out drying, obtain dried laterite;
A-2) said dried laterite is mixed the adding calcination rotary kiln with said reductive agent and said first slag former and carry out roasting, obtain said calcining.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said reductive agent is to be selected from bituminous coal, hard coal and the coke one or more.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step b) comprises: the vulcanizing agent of preset temperature is added in the said calcination rotary kiln so that vulcanize in said calcination rotary kiln with said calcining, to obtain said sulfur-bearing calcining.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said vulcanizing agent is to be selected from sulphur, pyrite, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and the sal epsom one or more.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said vulcanizing agent is preheated to 600～800 ℃.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step c) comprises:
C-1) said sulfur-bearing calcining is added electric furnace, and add second slag former and smelt, obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step c) also can comprise:
C-2) carry out magnetic separation with said sulfur-bearing calcining fragmentation and after grinding, obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and tailings;
C-3) said sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate is added electric furnace, and add said second slag former and smelt, obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in said step b), the mass ratio of said calcining, said vulcanizing agent and said second slag former is (65～80): (3～15): (5～10).
According to one embodiment of present invention, said first slag former and said second slag former are to be selected from Wingdale, lime and the rhombspar one or more.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said electrosmelting carries out under 1400～1600 ℃.
According to one embodiment of present invention, further comprising the steps of:
D) said waste residue and mine tailing are carried out recycling to obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 produces the schematic flow sheet of the method for low nickel matte according to the calcining sulfuration of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, be intended to be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
At first, with reference to figure 1 flow process that the method for low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration involved in the present invention is described.
Particularly, the method for the low nickel matte of calcining sulfuration production involved in the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A) laterite-type nickel ore and reductive agent and first slag former is baking mixed, obtain calcining;
B) with said calcining sulfuration, obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining;
C) said sulfur-bearing calcining is carried out electrosmelting, obtains low nickel matte product and waste residue,
Wherein, the mass percent of Ni is 5～20% in the said low nickel matte product, and the mass percent of Fe is 45～65%, and the mass percent of S is 20～50%.
Thus, the method according to low nickel matte is produced in the calcining sulfuration of the embodiment of the invention obtains calcining through roasting; Calcining is vulcanized and electrosmelting again, can obtain the nickel matte product, this method is workable; Can carry out laterite smelting work in the area that electric power lacks; And coal can provide the energy of whole process of production, and high-temperature flue gas carries out heat energy recycle through cogeneration technology capable of using after taking off dirt in the production process, reaches the effect of the whole smelting process energy consumption of effective reduction.
About step a), it will be appreciated that the mass ratio of said laterite-type nickel ore, said reductive agent and said first slag former is (60～80): (5～20): (5～20).
Selection about said first slag former does not have particular restriction, for example can be to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, yellow soda ash and rhombspar.
The principal reaction of Wingdale in roasting process is:
CaCO
3→CaO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
The principal reaction of rhombspar in roasting process is:
CaMgCO
3→CaO+MgO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
MgO+SiO
2→MgSiO
3
The principal reaction of yellow soda ash in roasting process is:
Na
2CO
3→Na
2O+CO
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
Considering possibly exist in the laterite-type nickel ore than juicy to influence normally carrying out of roasting, can carry out drying to said laterite-type nickel ore and obtain mixing behind the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore again.The drying plant of said laterite-type nickel ore does not have particular restriction yet, as long as can play the effect of dry laterite-type nickel ore, preferably, said laterite-type nickel ore carries out drying through dry kiln.
Selection about reductive agent it will be appreciated that, said reductive agent has reductibility, and can be used as the fuel use, to reach the temperature of roasting through burning.Consider the cost problem, preferably, said reductive agent can be to be selected from hard coal, bituminous coal and the coke one or more.
The principal reaction of reductive agent in reduction process is:
Fe
2O
3+C→Fe
3O
4+CO
2
Fe
3O
4+C→FeO+CO
2
NiO+C→Ni+CO
2
Method and apparatus about roasting does not have particular restriction, as long as can be at a certain temperature laterite-type nickel ore and reductive agent and the first slag former roasting be obtained calcining.Preferably, can laterite-type nickel ore and reductive agent and first slag former adding calcination rotary kiln be carried out roasting and obtain calcining under 900 ℃.
Sulfuration about calcining in the step b) it will be appreciated that, said vulcanization process does not have particular restriction, as long as can vulcanizing agent be reacted with said calcining at a certain temperature, said calcining sulfuration is got final product.Its concrete operations can for: the vulcanizing agent of preset temperature is added in the said calcination rotary kiln so that vulcanize in said calcination rotary kiln with said calcining, to obtain said sulfur-bearing calcining.Preferably, said vulcanizing agent is preheated to 600～800 ℃.
Selection about said vulcanizing agent it will be appreciated that, the main effect of said vulcanizing agent be with calcining in reaction such as NiO, FeO, NiFe and Ni to form the sulfur-bearing calcining, preferably, said vulcanizing agent can be for being selected from sulphur (S), pyrite (FeS
2), in sodium sulfate and the calcium sulfate one or more.The mass ratio of said calcining and said vulcanizing agent is (65～80): (3～15).
When selecting sulphur (S) as vulcanizing agent for use, the principal reaction in the electrosmelting process is:
NiO+S→Ni
3S
2+SO
2
FeO+S→FeS+SO
2
NiFe+S→Ni
xFe
1-xS
Ni+S→Ni
3S
2
When selecting pyrite (FeS for use
2) during as vulcanizing agent, the principal reaction in the electrosmelting process is:
FeS
2→FeS+S
2
S
2+NiFe→Ni
xFe
1-xS
S
2+NiO+FeO→Ni
xFe
1-xS+SO
2
NiO+FeS→Ni
xFe
1-xS+SO
2
FeS+NiO+Fe→Ni
3S
2+FeO
When selecting for use sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate or sal epsom to make vulcanizing agent, the principal reaction in the electrosmelting process is respectively:
Na
2SO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+Na
2SiO
3+CO
2
CaSO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+CaSiO
3+CO
2
MgSO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+MgSiO
3+CO
2
Thus, can obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining.
Smelting about sulfur-bearing calcining in the step c) it will be appreciated that, said sulfur-bearing calcining can directly add electric furnace, and adds second slag former and smelt, and obtains low nickel matte product and waste residue; In order to improve the efficient of electrosmelting; Waste residue is to the wearing and tearing of electric furnace in reduction tap to tap time and the smelting process; Carry out magnetic separation after also can and grinding, obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and tailings, sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate is added electric furnace the fragmentation of sulfur-bearing calcining; And add second slag former and smelt, obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue.
Selection about said second slag former does not have particular restriction, for example can be to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, yellow soda ash and rhombspar.
The principal reaction of Wingdale in the electrosmelting process is:
CaCO
3→CaO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
The principal reaction of rhombspar in the electrosmelting process is:
CaMgCO
3→CaO+MgO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
MgO+SiO
2→MgSiO
3
The principal reaction of yellow soda ash in roasting process is:
Na
2CO
3→Na
2O+CO
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
Thus, after adding second slag former, the outflow temperature of waste residue can be reduced to 1400～1550 ℃, has reduced waste residue and has discharged the difficulty of handling, and has reduced cost.
When adopting the sulfur-bearing calcining is directly added electric furnace, and when adding the method that second slag former smelts, smelting process is simple to operate, but waste residue is more in the sulfur-bearing calcining, can prolong tap to tap time, and bigger in the smelting process to the electric furnace wearing and tearing.Its concrete operations can for: sulfur-bearing calcining and second slag former are pressed mass ratio be (68～95): (5～10) add electric furnace; Under 1400～1600 ℃, smelt; Obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue, wherein, the mass percent of Ni is 5～20% in the said low nickel matte product; The mass percent of Fe is 45～65%, and the mass percent of S is 20～50%.
Carry out magnetic separation when adopting, obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and tailings, sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate is added electric furnace with the fragmentation of sulfur-bearing calcining and after grinding; And when adding the method that second slag former smelts,, greatly reduce the generation of waste residue in the electrosmelting process owing to removed the mine tailing in the sulfur-bearing calcining; Improved electrosmelting efficient; And reduced in tap to tap time and the smelting process wearing and tearing, prolonged service life of equipment, reduced cost electric furnace.Its concrete operations can for: sulfur-bearing calcining through broken and be ground to 100 orders, 90% granularity; Under 1100 gaussian intensities, carry out magnetic separation, obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and tailings, it is (68～95) that the sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and second slag former press mass ratio: (5～10) adding electric furnace; Under 1400～1600 ℃, smelt; Obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue, wherein, the mass percent of Ni is 5～20% in the said low nickel matte product; The mass percent of Fe is 45～65%, and the mass percent of S is 20～50%.
Consider a large amount of by product of generation in the electrosmelting process,, can like waste residue, mine tailing and hot flue gas, carry out recycling by product in order better to play environmental-protection function.Preferably, can be with the processing of gathering dust of said hot flue gas, and the waste heat of said hot flue gas is used for generating; Can also said waste residue and mine tailing be carried out recycling acquisition mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
Is that 10:1 adds dry rotary kiln with laterite and hard coal by mass ratio, obtains dried laterite 700 ℃ of calcinings.
Dried laterite, hard coal and Wingdale are joined calcination rotary kiln with mass ratio 10:1:1, obtain calcining 900 ℃ of roastings.
Spray into 750 ℃ of liquid-state sulfur reactions at the calcination rotary kiln kiln hood and obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining, the sulphur add-on is 5% of a calcining; Sulfur-bearing calcining and Wingdale are joined in the electric furnace at 1400 ℃ of melting nickel mattes by the mass ratio of 10:1, and the mass percent that obtains Ni is 8.4%, and the mass percent of Fe is 56.6%, and the mass percent of S is 35.2% low nickel matte product.
Embodiment 2
Is that 10:1 adds dry rotary kiln with laterite and hard coal by mass ratio, obtains dried laterite 700 ℃ of calcinings.
Dried laterite, coke and Wingdale are joined calcination rotary kiln with mass ratio 10:1:1, obtain calcining 900 ℃ of roastings.
Add 750 ℃ of pyrite reactions at the calcination rotary kiln kiln hood and obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining, the pyrite add-on is 5% of a calcining; Sulfur-bearing calcining and Wingdale are joined in the electric furnace at 1500 ℃ of melting nickel mattes by the mass ratio of 10:1, and the mass percent that obtains Ni is 7.2%, and the mass percent of Fe is 57.5%, and the mass percent of S is 35.3% low nickel matte product.
Embodiment 3
Is that 10:1 adds dry rotary kiln with laterite and coke by mass ratio, obtains dried laterite 700 ℃ of calcinings.
Dried laterite, hard coal and Wingdale are joined calcination rotary kiln with mass ratio 10:1:1, obtain calcining 900 ℃ of roastings.
Spray into 750 ℃ of liquid-state sulfur reactions at the calcination rotary kiln kiln hood and obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining, the sulphur add-on is 5% of a calcining; The sulfur-bearing calcining is through fragmentation and be ground to 100 orders, 90% granularity; Under 1100 gaussian intensities, carry out magnetic separation; Obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate, sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and Wingdale are joined in the electric furnace at 1600 ℃ of melting nickel mattes by the 10:1 mass ratio, the mass percent that obtains Ni is 8.4; The mass percent of Fe is 56.6%, and the mass percent of S is 35.3% low nickel matte product.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention; Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (13)
1. the method that low nickel matte is produced in the calcining sulfuration is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A) laterite-type nickel ore and reductive agent and first slag former is baking mixed, obtain calcining;
B) with said calcining sulfuration, obtain the sulfur-bearing calcining;
C) said sulfur-bearing calcining is carried out electrosmelting, obtains low nickel matte product and waste residue,
Wherein, the mass percent of Ni is 5～20% in the said low nickel matte product, and the mass percent of Fe is 45～65%, and the mass percent of S is 20～50%.
2. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that in said step a), the mass ratio of said laterite-type nickel ore, said reductive agent and said first slag former is (60～80): (5～20): (5～20).
3. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step a) comprises:
A-1) the adding dry kiln is mixed in laterite type ore deposit with coal and carry out drying, obtain dried laterite;
A-2) said dried laterite is mixed the adding calcination rotary kiln with said reductive agent and said first slag former and carry out roasting, obtain said calcining.
4. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining according to claim 1 sulfuration is characterized in that, said reductive agent is to be selected from bituminous coal, hard coal and the coke one or more.
5. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said step b) comprises: the vulcanizing agent of preset temperature is added in the said calcination rotary kiln so that vulcanize in said calcination rotary kiln with said calcining, to obtain said sulfur-bearing calcining.
6. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining according to claim 5 sulfuration is characterized in that, said vulcanizing agent is to be selected from sulphur, pyrite, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and the sal epsom one or more.
7. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 5 is characterized in that said vulcanizing agent is preheated to 600～800 ℃.
8. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step c) comprises:
C-1) said sulfur-bearing calcining is added electric furnace, and add second slag former and smelt, obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue.
9. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step c) also can comprise:
C-2) carry out magnetic separation with said sulfur-bearing calcining fragmentation and after grinding, obtain sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate and tailings;
C-3) said sulfur-bearing calcining concentrate is added electric furnace, and add said second slag former and smelt, obtain low nickel matte product and waste residue.
10. produce the method for hanging down nickel matte according to claim 5 or 9 described calcining sulfurations, it is characterized in that the mass ratio of said calcining, said vulcanizing agent and said second slag former is (65～80): (3～15): (5～10).
11. the method according to low nickel matte is produced in claim 2 or the sulfuration of 9 described calcinings is characterized in that, said first slag former and said second slag former are to be selected from Wingdale, lime and the rhombspar one or more.
12. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 9 is characterized in that said electrosmelting carries out under 1400～1600 ℃.
13. the method that low nickel matte is produced in calcining sulfuration according to claim 9 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:
D) said waste residue and mine tailing are carried out recycling to obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103937963A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-23 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Laterite ore roasting method |
| CN104561519A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-29 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Treatment method of high-magnesium noble metal concentrate |
| CN105349801A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-24 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Method for chromium slag co-processing by means of smelting of laterite-nickel ores through ore-smelting electric furnace |
| CN110241307A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The method that two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte |
| CN112030006A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-04 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Furnace screening method suitable for nickel matte converting reduction furnace |
| CN115747477A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for separating nickel concentrate from laterite-nickel ore |
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| CN103937963A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-23 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Laterite ore roasting method |
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| CN105349801B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-09-29 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | A kind of method that chromium slag is put in ore-smelting electric furnace smelting red clay nickel ore coexistence |
| CN110241307A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The method that two-stage method reduction nickel-containing material prepares nickel matte |
| CN110241307B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-04-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing nickel matte by reducing nickel-containing material by two-stage method |
| CN112030006A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-04 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Furnace screening method suitable for nickel matte converting reduction furnace |
| CN112030006B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-05-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Furnace screening method suitable for nickel matte converting reduction furnace |
| CN115747477A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for separating nickel concentrate from laterite-nickel ore |
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