CN103205582A - Bottom blowing smelting electrothermal reduction lead and zinc smelting process - Google Patents
Bottom blowing smelting electrothermal reduction lead and zinc smelting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103205582A CN103205582A CN2013100770191A CN201310077019A CN103205582A CN 103205582 A CN103205582 A CN 103205582A CN 2013100770191 A CN2013100770191 A CN 2013100770191A CN 201310077019 A CN201310077019 A CN 201310077019A CN 103205582 A CN103205582 A CN 103205582A
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Abstract
The invention provides a bottom blowing smelting electrothermal reduction lead and zinc smelting process. The bottom blowing smelting electrothermal reduction lead and zinc smelting process includes steps of adding lead and zinc mixture and flux into an oxygen-rich bottom blowing smelting furnace and obtaining melts containing lead and zinc oxides and smelting flue; enabling the melt containing lead and zinc oxides to flow into an ore-smelting electric furnace and adding reducing agent into the ore-smelting electric furnace for reduction so as to obtain lead bullion, flue containing zinc steam, and slag; discharging the lead bullion from a lead discharge outlet of the ore-smelting electric furnace, discharging slags from a slag discharge outlet of the ore-smelting electric furnace, enabling the flue containing zinc steam and discharged from the ore-smelting electric furnace through a zinc rain condenser so as to obtain crude zinc and dezinc flue, and subjecting the flue to washing and dedusting and obtaining fuel gas. Accordingly, by the bottom blowing smelting electrothermal reduction lead and zinc smelting process, on one hand, environmental pollution is eliminated and sulfuric acid yield is greatly increased; on the other hand, melts with lead and zinc oxides can be directly delivered to the ore-smelting electric furnace, smelting of furnace materials is omitted, and electric consumption of product unit is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plumbous zinc technical field of bottom-blown smelting, particularly relate to a kind of bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction and refine plumbous zinc technology.
Background technology
The technology of the plumbous zinc of melting simultaneously only has ISP on the our times.ISP technology is that a certain amount of flux is joined in the enterprising sintering desulfuration roasting of burning machine in plumbous zinc mixing ore deposit.Output heat is burnt piece and is entered agglomerate insulation storehouse, with be preheated to hot coke more than 800 ℃, from agglomerate insulation storehouse and coke guarantor storehouse, enter in the feed pot in batches, add in the airtight blast furnace by feed pot, sent into through Cowper stove by airtight blast furnace air port and agglomerate to be carried out retailoring to the hot blast more than 800 ℃ in advance, by cupola well output lead bullion and slag, the flue gas that is contained zinc fume by furnace roof one side output carries out refrigerated separation lead, zinc after lead-splash condenser captures.Lead recycles, and isolates crude zinc and is zinc product.
This technology exists the loss of sintering process SO2 and lead dust pollution that the fragmentation of a large amount of returning charge multistage causes to be difficult to radical cure, adds process matching facility complexity, invests high shortcoming, has entered the phase of eliminating.Original 17 the ISP production lines in the world are closed for existing six.China has five, has closed two.
The pyrometallurgical smelting energy consumption height of zinc all adopts zinc hydrometallurgy in the world more than 80%.Along with countries in the world are strict day by day to environmental requirement, the leached mud discharging of all Zinc hydrometallurgy process all is big problem.Be to realize the innoxious of zinc hydrometallurgy slag and comprehensive utilization, all adopt at present thermal process such as rotary kiln, fuming furnace, top blast stove handle, to zinc hydrometallurgy overall synthetic energy consumption is increased substantially again.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or provides a kind of useful commerce to select at least.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind ofly to have the short and good in economic efficiency bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of environmental friendliness, technical process and refine plumbous zinc technology.
Bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology, comprises the steps: to obtain melt and the melting flue gas of leaded zinc oxide with carrying out melting in plumbous zinc mixture and the flux adding oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace; The melt of described leaded zinc oxide is flowed in the ore-smelting furnace, and adding reductive agent in the described ore-smelting furnace carries out reduction reaction, to obtain lead bullion, to contain flue gas and the slag of zinc fume; With discharge described lead bullion for plumbous mouthful from putting of described ore-smelting furnace, discharge described slag from the slag notch of described ore-smelting furnace, make the flue gas that contains zinc fume of discharging from described ore-smelting furnace by zinc rain condenser to obtain crude zinc and dezincify flue gas.
Thus, bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology, by adopting the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing melting to substitute the sintering melting technology, reduced the pollution to environment on the one hand, and significantly promoted sulphuric acid output, can directly in ore-smelting furnace, carry the melt of leaded zinc oxide on the other hand, so save the furnace charge melting process, reduce the power consumption of unit product.In addition, technology of the present invention has been cancelled the Cowper stove, coke preheater, coke insulation storehouse, the agglomerate that are used for reduction process and has been incubated equipment such as storehouse, has not only shortened technical process, and has reduced initial cost under the equal scale.At last, technology of the present invention has overcome that prior art can only obtain zinc oxide fumes from material containing zinc and the defective that can not get metallic zinc, has improved the economic benefit of technology of the present invention greatly.
In addition, bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the above embodiment of the present invention refines plumbous zinc technology and can also have following additional technical characterictic:
According to one embodiment of present invention, also comprise described dezincify flue gas is carried out wet dust removal to obtain fuel gas.
According to one embodiment of present invention, also comprise: utilize waste heat boiler to reclaim waste heat in the described melting flue gas.
According to one embodiment of present invention, also comprise the described melting flue gas behind the recovery waste heat is carried out purifying and dedusting, relieving haperacidity then.
According to one embodiment of present invention, comprise that also flue dust that purifying and dedusting is obtained and the flue dust of discharging from described waste heat boiler return in the described oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described reductive agent comprises broken Jiao.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described reductive agent also comprises by the reductive agent spray gun and sprays into fine coal or natural gas in the described ore-smelting furnace.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described plumbous zinc mixture comprises at least a in lead and zinc concentrate and the plumbous zinc secondary material.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described plumbous zinc secondary material comprises at least a in cadmia, plumbous mud and the flue dust.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the equipment synoptic diagram that refines plumbous zinc technology for embodiment according to the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology schema.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center "; " vertically "; " laterally "; " length "; " width "; " thickness ", " on ", D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", close the orientation of indications such as " counterclockwise " or position is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation, only be that the present invention for convenience of description and simplification are described, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only are used for describing purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more, unless clear and definite concrete restriction is arranged in addition.
In the present invention, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are arranged in addition, broad understanding should be done in terms such as term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection ", " fixing ", for example, can be fixedly connected, also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be to be electrically connected; Can be directly to link to each other, also can link to each other indirectly by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand above-mentioned term concrete implication in the present invention as the case may be.
At first describe the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction that the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction that can be used for implementing according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology with reference to figure 1 below and refine plumbous zinc equipment.It will be appreciated that, it only is to implement to refine a concrete example of plumbous zinc technology according to the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention that the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction that describes below refines plumbous zinc equipment, and can not be interpreted as that bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology and must adopt the equipment that describes below to implement uniquely.
Refining plumbous zinc equipment according to the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention comprises: oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10, ore-smelting furnace 20 and zinc rain condenser 30.
Particularly, oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 has melting charging opening 11, melting exhanst gas outlet 12 and melt discharge outlet 13.Plumbous zinc mixture and flux can be delivered in the mixer by constant feeder, enter oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 by melting charging opening 11 again after mixer mixes.
Ore-smelting furnace 20 has electric furnace charging mouth 21, put plumbous mouthful 22, slag notch 23 and electric furnace flue gas outlet 24.The charging opening 21 of ore-smelting furnace 20 links to each other with melt discharge outlet 13 by chute 60, so that the melt of the leaded zinc oxide of discharging from melt discharge outlet 13 is by in the electric furnace charging mouth 21 inflow ore-smelting furnaces 20.
The inlet mouth 31 of zinc rain condenser 30 links to each other with electric furnace flue gas outlet 24, so that the flue gas that contains zinc fume of discharging from the electric furnace flue gas outlet 24 of ore-smelting furnace 20 passes through 30 times output crude zincs of zinc rain condenser.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction refines plumbous zinc equipment and also comprises waste heat boiler 40 and fly-ash separator 50.The mouth 41 that advances of waste heat boiler 40 links to each other with the melting exhanst gas outlet 12 of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10, in order to will contain high density SO from what melting exhanst gas outlet 12 was discharged
2The high melt flue gas be delivered to waste heat boiler 40.And the import 51 of fly-ash separator 50 links to each other with the smoke outlet 42 of waste heat boiler 40.
The waste heat that waste heat boiler 40 reclaims high-temperature flue gas is on the one hand utilized, and for example production steam-electric power on the other hand, after high-temperature flue gas is delivered to fly-ash separator and purifies, can be delivered in the relieving haperacidity processing apparatus to produce sulfuric acid again.In addition, the Pb-Zn dust of waste heat boiler 40 and fly-ash separator 50 collections can return oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 to use as plumbous zinc secondary material secondary.
Bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc equipment, can avoid the problem of the sintering process serious environment pollution of ISP technology at the same time in the process of the plumbous and zinc of melting by oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10.Not only shorten the smelting flow process by ore-smelting furnace 20 zinc metallurgys, and realized the innoxious of slag.In addition, the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc equipment and can effect a radical cure SO
2The environmental issues such as lead dust pollution that loss and returning charge fragmentation cause.
In addition, ore-smelting furnace 20 can be provided with for the reductive agent spray gun 25 that sprays into fine coal and/or Sweet natural gas in ore-smelting furnace 20.Ore-smelting furnace 20 is preferably three-phase alternating current electric furnace or single-phase DC electric furnace.
Oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 can be provided with for the oxygen lance 14 that sprays into oxygen in oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10.Thereby improve the melting effect.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction refines plumbous zinc equipment and also comprises wet scrubber, the import of described wet scrubber (not shown) links to each other with the exhanst gas outlet of zinc rain condenser 30, in order to the flue gas of isolating lead bullion of discharging from the exhanst gas outlet of zinc rain condenser 30 is purified, can be used as fuel gas.
The bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of describing according to the embodiment of the invention below with reference to Fig. 2 refines plumbous zinc technology.
As shown in Figure 2, refining plumbous zinc technology according to the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps:
Step 1 with carrying out melting in plumbous zinc mixture and the flux adding oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10, obtains melt and the melting flue gas of leaded zinc oxide.
Step 2, the melt of leaded zinc oxide flows in the ore-smelting furnace 20 by the melt discharge outlet 13 of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 and the charging opening 21 of ore-smelting furnace 20.At this moment, 20 add reductive agents and carry out reduction reaction in the ore-smelting furnace, to obtain lead bullion, to contain flue gas and the slag of zinc fume.
Step 3, lead bullion is discharged for plumbous mouthful 22 from putting of ore-smelting furnace 20, slag is discharged from the slag notch 23 of ore-smelting furnace 20, export 24 flue gases that contain zinc fume of discharging from the electric furnace flue gas of ore-smelting furnace 20, inlet mouth 31 by zinc rain condenser 30 enters in the zinc rain condenser 30, in order to obtain crude zinc and dezincify flue gas.
After step 1, will contain high density SO from what melting exhanst gas outlet 12 was discharged
2The high melt flue gas be delivered to waste heat boiler 40.The waste heat that waste heat boiler 40 reclaims high-temperature flue gas is on the one hand utilized, and for example production steam-electric power on the other hand, after high-temperature flue gas is delivered to fly-ash separator 50 and purifies, can be delivered in the relieving haperacidity processing apparatus to produce sulfuric acid again.
Owing in smelting process, effectively prevented SO
2Loss, therefore significantly promoted SO in the melting flue gas
2Concentration, and then improved the output (improve sulphuric acid output more than 5%) of follow-up acid-making process restored acid, and acid-producing apparatus can be realized relieving haperacidity on a small scale.
Thus, bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology, by adopting the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing melting to substitute the sintering melting technology, reduced the pollution to environment on the one hand, and significantly promoted sulphuric acid output, can directly in ore-smelting furnace 20, carry the melt of leaded zinc oxide on the other hand, so save the furnace charge melting process, reduce the power consumption of unit product.In addition, technology of the present invention has been cancelled the Cowper stove, coke preheater, coke insulation storehouse, the agglomerate that are used for reduction process and has been incubated equipment such as storehouse, has not only shortened technical process, and has reduced initial cost under the equal scale.At last, technology of the present invention has overcome that prior art can only obtain zinc oxide fumes from material containing zinc and the defective that can not get metallic zinc, has improved the economic benefit of technology of the present invention greatly.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, in step 2, contain a large amount of CO in the dezincify flue gas of gained, therefore, through gas cleaning, for example after the wet dust removal, the dezincify flue gas can be used as fuel gas and uses.
Return in the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 behind the flue dust collecting of discharging with the flue dust that obtains behind fly-ash separator 50 purifying and dedustings with from waste heat boiler 40 and use as plumbous zinc secondary material.
Bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction in the embodiment of the invention refines in the plumbous zinc technology, the plumbous zinc mixture that adds oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace 10 comprises at least a in lead and zinc concentrate and the plumbous zinc secondary material, plumbous zinc secondary material then can comprise at least a in cadmia, plumbous mud and the Pb-Zn dust, and wherein Pb-Zn dust comprises Pb-Zn dusts such as blast furnace ironmaking and Electric furnace steel making.
Therefore, it is wide that the bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction of the embodiment of the invention refines plumbous zinc technology adaptability to raw material, is applicable to various materials, can remove lead, the zinc sorting operation of plumbous zinc ore like this from, reduced the concentrate cost.
In addition, the reductive agent that adds in step 2 comprises broken Jiao.Preferably, reductive agent also comprises by reductive agent spray gun 25 and sprays into fine coal or natural gas in the ore-smelting furnace 20.
In the description of this specification sheets, concrete feature, structure, material or characteristics that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example description are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete feature, structure, material or the characteristics of description can be with the suitable manner combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim within the scope of the invention, modification, replacement and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
With carrying out melting in plumbous zinc mixture and the flux adding oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace, obtain melt and the melting flue gas of leaded zinc oxide;
The melt of described leaded zinc oxide is flowed in the ore-smelting furnace, and adding reductive agent in the described ore-smelting furnace carries out reduction reaction, to obtain lead bullion, to contain flue gas and the slag of zinc fume; With
Discharge described lead bullion for plumbous mouthful from putting of described ore-smelting furnace, discharge described slag from the slag notch of described ore-smelting furnace, make the flue gas that contains zinc fume of discharging from described ore-smelting furnace by zinc rain condenser to obtain crude zinc and dezincify flue gas.
2. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 1 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, also comprises described dezincify flue gas is carried out wet dust removal to obtain fuel gas.
3. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 1 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, also comprises: utilize waste heat boiler to reclaim waste heat in the described melting flue gas.
4. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 3 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, also comprises the described melting flue gas behind the recovery waste heat is carried out purifying and dedusting, relieving haperacidity then.
5. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 4 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, comprises that also flue dust that purifying and dedusting is obtained and the flue dust of discharging from described waste heat boiler return in the described oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting furnace.
6. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 1 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, described reductive agent comprises broken Jiao.
7. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 6 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, described reductive agent also comprises by the reductive agent spray gun and sprays into fine coal or natural gas in the described ore-smelting furnace.
8. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 5 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, described plumbous zinc mixture comprises at least a in lead and zinc concentrate and the plumbous zinc secondary material.
9. bottom-blown smelting electrothermal reduction according to claim 8 refines plumbous zinc technology, it is characterized in that, described plumbous zinc secondary material comprises at least a in cadmia, plumbous mud and the Pb-Zn dust.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104831086A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-12 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Lead and zinc-containing material sintering melting method |
| CN105886683A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Zinc discharge device used for blast furnace |
| CN105907988A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Device for lead and zinc ore smelting |
| CN106086464A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-11-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The smelting equipment of Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN111411234A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Jet smelting electrothermal reduction furnace and method for smelting zinc-containing material |
| CN111996388A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-27 | 安阳岷山环能高科有限公司 | Method for extracting valuable metals from lead-zinc mixed ore |
| CN111996374A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-27 | 安阳岷山环能高科有限公司 | Method for extracting metal lead and zinc by bottom blowing oxygen-enriched self-heating smelting-electric melting direct reduction |
| CN112048625A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-08 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Lead-zinc oxide ore recycling harmless treatment system and method |
| CN113802007A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and system for treating waste cathode of aluminum electrolysis cell |
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| CN104831086B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2017-03-01 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that smelting charge of lead and zinc sinters melting |
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| CN106086464A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-11-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The smelting equipment of Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN106086464B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2019-04-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The smelting equipment of Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN111411234A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Jet smelting electrothermal reduction furnace and method for smelting zinc-containing material |
| CN112048625A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-08 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Lead-zinc oxide ore recycling harmless treatment system and method |
| CN111996388A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-27 | 安阳岷山环能高科有限公司 | Method for extracting valuable metals from lead-zinc mixed ore |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |