CN104831086A - Lead and zinc-containing material sintering melting method - Google Patents
Lead and zinc-containing material sintering melting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104831086A CN104831086A CN201510181206.3A CN201510181206A CN104831086A CN 104831086 A CN104831086 A CN 104831086A CN 201510181206 A CN201510181206 A CN 201510181206A CN 104831086 A CN104831086 A CN 104831086A
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- zinc
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- smelting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lead and zinc-containing material sintering melting method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, mixing a lead and zinc-containing material with a flux, and granulating; 2, sintering the obtained granulated material in a sintering machine under low material layer thickness, high air blast strength and large chassis speed; 3, fragmenting the obtained sintered material, screening, and sending the obtained oversize material with the granularity of greater than 30mm to a melting furnace; 4, melting the sintered material; and 5, condensing zinc-containing furnace gas in the melting process to recover zinc, and carrying out precipitating separation on the obtained melt to recover lead. The method has the advantages of simultaneous production of lead and zinc, no need of recycling of a secondary lead and zinc-containing material to a system, direct recovery rate of lead and zinc, and production cost reduction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of thermometallurgical technology, be specifically related to the method for a kind of smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering melting.
Background technology
Zinc hydrometallurgy is mainly with the method for zinc material production zinc, there are three kinds of methods and conventional method, high temperature height acid system and oxygen leaching, in conventional method, zinc leaching residue is high containing zinc, leached mud has to pass through Rotary Kiln pyrogenic attack recovery zinc oxide fumes and enters wet method system recovery zinc again, this mode leaching recovery zinc with zinc oxide secondary, cause a large amount of zinc metals secondary circulation in systems in which, zinc direct yield is low, production cost increases, the zinc leaching residue of high temperature height acid system and oxygen leaching is lower containing zinc, leached mud can send slag field to store up without pyrogenic attack, but in the electrolytic deposition process of zinc hydrometallurgy, waste electrolyte enters systemic circulation with a large amount of zinc metal, cause zinc direct yield low, production cost increases.
Mainly contain three kinds of methods with the method that lead materials production is plumbous and namely sinter alternated blasting, smelting bath smelting process and flash smelting process, sintering alternated blasting is in sintering process, require that the sintered material of more than 70% returns sintered material as back powder, a large amount of lead metal is made to enter systemic circulation, cause vertical yield low, production cost increases, smelting bath smelting process and flash smelting process are modern lead smelting process, to lead materials direct melting output lead metal, secondary lead material retrieval system is not needed to circulate, therefore vertical yield is high, decreases production cost.
The method of simultaneously producing plumbous zinc with smelting charge of lead and zinc only has one and ISP in China zinc (ISP method), this method requires that in sintering process the sintered material of more than 70% returns sintered material as back powder equally, a large amount of plumbous zinc metal is made to enter systemic circulation, cause plumbous zinc direct yield low, production cost increases.
In sum, with zinc material production zinc, lead materials production lead and smelting charge of lead and zinc produce the traditional method of plumbous zinc simultaneously, all there is a large amount of plumbous zinc metal retrieval system circulation, cause plumbous zinc direct yield low, increase the problem of production cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for a kind of smelting charge of lead and zinc without the melting of back powder sintering, produce plumbous zinc simultaneously, do not need secondary smelting charge of lead and zinc retrieval system to circulate, improve plumbous zinc direct yield, reduce production cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method for a kind of smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering melting, comprises the steps:
A) will granulate containing after smelting charge of lead and zinc and flux batching;
B) sinter in sinter machine, sintering condition: bed thickness 150 ~ 200mm, machine speed 2 ~ 3m/min, blast intensity 25 ~ 35m
3/ m
2min, blast 3000 ~ 6000Pa, sintering temperature 800 ~ 900 DEG C;
C) sintered material is through crushing and screening, and screen overflow granularity is greater than 30mm, sends into smelting furnace;
D) melting is carried out to sintered material, melting condition: stock column height 5.5 ~ 6.5m, throat temperature 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, furnace gas CO/CO
2ratio 1.5 ~ 2.5, furnace top pressure 1300 ~ 3000Pa;
E) the zinc furnace gas that contains of fusion process reclaims zinc through condensation, and melt reclaims plumbous through precipitate and separate.
Described step a) dispensing requirements: Pb/Zn is 0.4 ~ 0.6, and plumbous and zinc total content is 30 ~ 60%, the compound sulfur-bearing 12 ~ 14% after granulation.
Compound granularity 2 ~ 10mm after described step a) granulation, moisture 5 ~ 7%.
Described step b) sinter fume send relieving haperacidity.
Described step c) adopts single shaft and discaling roll crusher machine lumpiness to be 80 ~ 120mm.
The screen underflow of described step c) after crushed granularity is less than 10mm, returns batching.
The crude zinc that described step e) condensation is reclaimed enters rectifying furnace, through rectifying output essence zinc.
Described step e) adopts electrothermal front bed to carry out precipitate and separate, obtains lead bullion and slag, and slag enters fuming furnace process and reclaims zinc oxide.The zinc oxide reclaimed returns batching.
The ultimate principle of the inventive method: adopt oxygen in air to carry out desulfurization to smelting charge of lead and zinc, adopt coke to be reduced into zinc fume and liquid lead to zinc oxide plumbous in the sintered material after desulfurization.
Wherein, the principle of smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering is as follows:
PbS+1.5 O
2→PbO+SO
2
ZnS+1.5 O
2→ZnO+SO
2；
The principle of sintered material melting is as follows:
ZnO+CO → Zn (gas)+CO
2
PbO+CO → Pb (liquid)+CO
2.
Compared with prior art: the smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering melting method of prior art, only allocate 70% back powder into and could reduce material sulfur-bearing to 6%, by material desulfurization to 1%, then could send melting like this.Adopt the inventive method, material sulfur-bearing 12 ~ 14%, does not need to allocate back powder into, just material sulphur can be taken off to 1%.
Specifically, the inventive method has following advantage:
1) adaptability to raw material is wide, especially to refract lead-zinc ores stone, can send smelting by output mixing smelting charge of lead and zinc, simplify ore-dressing technique;
2) can process complicated multicomponent smelting charge of lead and zinc, raw material is cheap, energy is the valuable metal such as Recovering Copper, gold and silver very well, good in economic efficiency;
3) sintering adopts low bed thickness, high blast intensity, large machine speed, and sintering strength is large, does not need back powder to sinter, produce flue gas SO
2concentration can reach 7 ~ 8%, is convenient to double conversion double absorption flue gas acid preparing;
4) single shaft and discaling roll crushing and screening is adopted, screen underflow about 10 ~ 15% returns batching through pulverizer, eliminate three sections of crushing systems, require that the back powder being greater than more than 70% returns ratio of components comparatively with Traditional Method, greatly reduce plumbous zinc metal internal circulating load in systems in which, improve plumbous zinc direct yield, reduce production cost;
5) adopt smelting furnace to refine plumbous zinc, zinc reclaims zinc with steam volatilization through condensation, and lead is separated slag with liquid state through electrothermal front bed and reclaims plumbous, in same stove, reclaim lead and zinc respectively simultaneously;
6) lead recovery is greater than 97%, and zinc recovery is greater than 95%, and plumbous zinc metal recovery rate is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is present invention process schema.
Embodiment
The inventive method equipment therefor comprises: batch bin, nodulizer, sinter machine, crusberscreen, pulverizer, smelting furnace, electrothermal front bed, fuming furnace, condenser, rectifying furnace.
In an embodiment, by the present invention process schema shown in Fig. 1, the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering of the present invention melting comprises following step (below unless stated otherwise, % all refers to weight percent):
1) prepare burden: smelting charge of lead and zinc is primarily of lead ore concentrate, zinc ore concentrate, lead and zinc industry, the assorted material of leaded zinc is as compositions such as flue dust, scum silica frost, Lan Fen, owing to requiring suitable slag type in fusion process, flux need be allocated into, as Wingdale, quartz and iron filings or iron sulfide, batching is undertaken by batch bin, the assorted material produced with the screen underflow of step 5), step 8), flux, smelting charge of lead and zinc order enter total rubber conveyer and send granulation, require that Pb/Zn weight ratio is 0.4 ~ 0.6, plumbous and zinc total content is 30 ~ 60%, compound sulfur-bearing about 12 ~ 14%.
2) granulate: the compound prepared is sent into drum pelletizer and carried out mixing granulation, to ensure that mixing of materials is evenly, fully wetting, require the rear compound granularity 2 ~ 10mm that granulates, moisture 5 ~ 7%.
3) sinter: through granulate after compound enter material distributing machine, uniform distribution enters sinter machine, ignition temperature 950 ~ 1100 DEG C, ignition time 30 ~ 120s, sintering condition: bed thickness is about 200mm, machine speed 2 ~ 3m/min.Blast intensity 25 ~ 35m
3/ m
2min, blast 3000 ~ 6000Pa, sintering temperature 800 ~ 900 DEG C, sinter fume is containing SO
27 ~ 8% send relieving haperacidity.
4) crushing and screening: the sintering lumpiness through sinter machine output is 300 ~ 500mm, send single shaft and discaling roll crusher machine lumpiness to be that 80 ~ 120mm send melting, is about 30mm also sends into melting through stationary screen screen overflow granularity, and screen underflow sends into pulverizer.
5) pulverize: the screen underflow that granularity is less than 30mm accounts for 10 ~ 15% of whole agglomerate amount and sends into pulverizers, granularity is less than 10mm and returns batching after crushed.
6) melting: load batch can after qualified agglomerate, flux (Wingdale, quartz and iron filings or iron sulfide etc.) and coke (coke requires to be preheated to 800 DEG C) adopt weighing funnel metering, add smelting furnace by batch can, metering, charging, material loading complete automatically.Melting condition: stock column height is about 6m, throat temperature 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, furnace gas CO/CO
2ratio 1.5 ~ 2.5(volume), furnace top pressure 1300 ~ 3000Pa, enter condenser containing zinc furnace gas, melt enters electrothermal front bed.
7) precipitate and separate: enter electrothermal front bed from smelting furnace melt out and carry out slag lead and be separated, and insulation is mated with slag fuming, to adapt to the requirement of the regular slag input of fuming furnace, melt settling time is about 1h, and separated lead bullion siphon is released and send electrolytic lead refining after pig moulding machine ingot casting.
8) fuming: the slag be separated through electrothermal front bed enters fuming furnace blowing, fine coal sprays in stove by nozzle, and blowing temperature 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C, is interrupted operation, output flue gas returns batching through the zinc oxide of waste heat boiler and recovery after gathering dust, and water produced slag of quenching is sell outside waste or store up.
9) condensation: import condenser output crude zinc from the zinc furnace gas that contains of smelting furnace output, heat-eliminating medium is plumbous liquid, plumbous zinc liquid cools into separation system through plumbous liquid cooling radiator cooler, plumbous zinc is by the different clarified separation of proportion, the plumbous liquid of lower floor returns condenser, and the zinc liquid on upper strata enters (liquate) and stores the laggard rectifying of zinc groove.
10) rectifying: the zinc liquid be separated from condenser condenses enters rectifying furnace, zinc liquid flows into plumbous tower, temperature 750 ~ 850 DEG C, major part zinc and wherein contained cadmium be steam condition volatilization, and plumbous and other high-boiling-point impurity is discharged with liquid alloy and is separated, plumbous tower output containing cadmium zinc chute introducing cadmium tower, temperature 800 ~ 900 DEG C, carry out the separation of zinc cadmium, pure zinc liquid enters pure zinc groove by bottom, namely obtains rectifying zinc.
In a specific embodiment, smelting charge of lead and zinc Pb/Zn weight ratio is 0.48, and plumbous and zinc total content is 52%, and compound sulfur-bearing about 12.8%, carries out sintering melting by above-mentioned steps, final lead recovery 98.5%, zinc recovery 97%.
Claims (9)
1. a method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering melting, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A) will granulate containing after smelting charge of lead and zinc and flux batching;
B) sinter in sinter machine, sintering condition: bed thickness 150 ~ 200mm, machine speed 2 ~ 3m/min, blast intensity 25 ~ 35m
3/ m
2min, blast 3000 ~ 6000Pa, sintering temperature 800 ~ 900 DEG C;
C) sintered material is through crushing and screening, and screen overflow granularity is greater than 30mm, sends into smelting furnace;
D) melting is carried out to sintered material, melting condition: stock column height 5.5 ~ 6.5m, throat temperature 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C, furnace gas CO/CO
2ratio 1.5 ~ 2.5, furnace top pressure 1300 ~ 3000Pa;
E) the zinc furnace gas that contains of fusion process reclaims zinc through condensation, and melt reclaims plumbous through precipitate and separate.
2. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 melting, is characterized in that step a) dispensing requirements: Pb/Zn is 0.4 ~ 0.6, and plumbous and zinc total content is 30 ~ 60%, the compound sulfur-bearing 12 ~ 14% after granulation.
3. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 and 2 melting, is characterized in that the rear compound granularity 2 ~ 10mm of step a) granulation, moisture 5 ~ 7%.
4. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 melting, is characterized in that step b) sinter fume send relieving haperacidity.
5. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 melting, is characterized in that step c) adopts single shaft and discaling roll crusher machine lumpiness to be 80 ~ 120mm.
6. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering melting according to claim 1 or 5, the screen underflow that it is characterized in that step c) after crushed granularity is less than 10mm, returns batching.
7. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 melting, is characterized in that the crude zinc that step e) condensation is reclaimed enters rectifying furnace, through rectifying output essence zinc.
8. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 1 melting, it is characterized in that step e) adopts electrothermal front bed to carry out precipitate and separate, obtain lead bullion and slag, slag enters fuming furnace process and reclaims zinc oxide.
9. the method for smelting charge of lead and zinc sintering according to claim 7 melting, is characterized in that the zinc oxide reclaimed returns batching.
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| CN201510181206.3A CN104831086B (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2015-04-16 | A kind of method that smelting charge of lead and zinc sinters melting |
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| CN104831086B CN104831086B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106086457A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 白银有色集团股份有限公司 | A kind of lead Zinc oxide processing method for pyrometallurgical smelting |
| CN111254287A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司 | Smelting recovery method of lead-zinc-containing enriched oxide |
| CN114410961A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | Method for resource utilization of lead-zinc ore waste rocks |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111254287B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-01-11 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司 | Smelting recovery method of lead-zinc-containing enriched oxide |
| CN114410961A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | Method for resource utilization of lead-zinc ore waste rocks |
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