CN110235873B - Automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects, which is characterized in that the insect trapping device, a rainwater isolation device, an insect dehydration drying device, an insect image acquisition device and an insect pest body acquisition device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, so that the trapping, the rain prevention, the dehydration drying, the image acquisition and the pest body acquisition of insects are realized, the environmental weather information of a monitoring area is acquired by an environmental information acquisition device, and a controller controls the insect trapping device, the rainwater isolation device, the insect dehydration drying device, the insect image acquisition device and the insect pest body acquisition device to be opened or closed according to the environmental weather information; according to the image information, three-dimensional image reconstruction and image recognition are carried out on the insects; and predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental weather information. The invention can remotely identify and count the types and the quantity of pests in real time, predict the future pest situation occurrence trend in time, reduce the technical requirements on personnel and reduce the pest control cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prevention of agricultural and forestry harmful insects, in particular to an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects.
Background
Whether the health of agriculture, forestry and ecological environment is related to the safety of human survival development, in recent years, under the background of factors such as global warming, the population distribution and the occurrence rule of insect pests are changed greatly, the insect pests tend to be expanded and aggravated, the damage degree of the insect pests to crops and forest vegetation is increasingly serious, and the safety of human living environment is threatened greatly. The loss caused by insect damage and billions jin of reduction of various economic crops in each year is immeasurable. The monitoring and forecasting of insect situations are the key for controlling insect pests, the monitoring and forecasting are accurate and timely, measures can be taken in advance to control the extended spread of the pests, and the loss is reduced.
Although a certain effect is achieved in the aspect of insect pest situation prediction at present, the wide pest control requirements are still difficult to meet. There are mainly the following problems: 1. the pest identification and counting have larger error with the reality; 2. the pest control labor cost is high, and the requirement on technical personnel is high; 3. the distance between a farmland and an orchard is long, the time is spent on the regular detection of personnel, the pest detection and forecast are not timely, and the prevention and control period is missed; 4. the future insect situation occurrence trend cannot be predicted; 5. the client cannot know the insect situation at any time and any place.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problem that the existing pest identification and counting has larger error with the reality; the pest control labor cost is high, and the requirement on technical personnel is high; the distance between a farmland and an orchard is long, the time is spent on the regular detection of personnel, the pest detection and forecast are not timely, and the prevention and control period is missed; the future insect situation occurrence trend cannot be predicted; the embodiment of the invention provides an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects, which comprises an insect trapping device, a rainwater isolation device, an insect dehydration and drying device, an insect image acquisition device and an insect pest body collection device, wherein the insect trapping device, the rainwater isolation device, the insect dehydration and drying device, the insect image acquisition device and the insect pest body collection device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the device comprises a controller, an environmental information acquisition device and a power supply device, wherein the insect trapping device, the rainwater isolation device, the insect dehydration drying device, the insect image acquisition device and the insect body collection device are respectively connected with the power supply device, and the power supply device, the insect image acquisition device and the environmental information acquisition device are respectively connected with the controller; the environment information acquisition device is used for acquiring environment weather information of the monitored area and transmitting the environment weather information to the controller; the insect trapping device is used for trapping insects and enabling the insects to fall into the insect dehydrating and drying device; the rainwater isolation device is used for isolating rainwater so as to prevent the rainwater from entering the insect dehydration drying device; the insect dehydration drying device is used for killing, dehydrating and drying insects, and enabling the dehydrated and dried insects to fall into the insect image acquisition device; the insect image acquisition device is used for acquiring the image information of the insects, transmitting the image information to the controller and enabling the insects to fall into the insect body collection device; the insect body collecting device is used for collecting insects so as to be convenient for later on-site checking and counting; the controller is used for controlling the power supply device to be switched on or switched off according to the environmental meteorological information; according to the image information, three-dimensional image reconstruction and image recognition are carried out on the insects; and predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental weather information.
Preferably, the environmental information acquisition device comprises an illumination intensity sensor, a rainfall sensor, an atmospheric temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a gas sensor, a wind direction and wind speed sensor and a gas pressure sensor, and is respectively used for measuring illumination intensity, rainfall intensity, atmospheric temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity and CO2Gas concentration, wind direction and speed intensity and atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, the insect trapping device comprises: the device comprises a top cover, an impact plate, an insect attracting unit and an insect receiving funnel; the top cover, the insect attracting unit and the insect receiving funnel are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the impact plate surrounds the insect attracting unit by taking the insect attracting unit as a center; the number of the impact plates is at least 3; the insect receiving funnel is in an inverted conical surface shape, a lower drain pipe connected with the rainwater isolation device is arranged below the inverted conical surface, and the bottom of the inverted conical surface extends towards the central line of the lower drain pipe so as to prevent rainwater from sliding down along the inner wall of the lower drain pipe.
Preferably, the rainwater isolation apparatus includes: a main pipeline, a baffle plate and a drainage pipeline; the drainage pipeline is connected with the main pipeline, the drainage pipeline is connected with one side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe, and the main pipeline is connected with the other side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe; the baffle is fixed at the joint between the drainage pipeline and the main pipeline and is used for closing the main pipeline or the drainage pipeline.
Preferably, the insect dehydrating and drying apparatus includes: the device comprises a heating drying barrel, an infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module, a solar medium-temperature heat collection module and an infrared heating module; the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module is arranged between the rainwater isolation device and the heating drying barrel; the solar medium-temperature heat collection module comprises a heat collection unit and a heat conduction unit, the heat collection unit is arranged at the position facing the sun outside the system, and the heat conduction unit is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heating drying cylinder; the infrared heating module is arranged in the heating and drying cylinder and is in contact with the inner wall of the heating and drying cylinder.
Preferably, the insect image capturing device includes: the device comprises a background plate unit, a light source and an image acquisition unit which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the background plate unit comprises a uniform vibration array and a non-reflection bottom plate which are arranged from bottom to top and are connected with each other, the non-reflection bottom plate is used for receiving insects falling from the insect dehydration drying device, and the uniform vibration array enables the falling insects to be scattered on the non-reflection bottom plate through vibrating the non-reflection bottom plate; the image acquisition unit comprises a rotating part and a camera which are connected with each other, and the camera rotates along with the rotating part and shoots insects on the non-reflective bottom plate; the light source is arranged below the camera and used for supplementing light to a shooting area on the non-reflective bottom plate.
Preferably, the insect body collecting device comprises: a cleaning member, a collecting member, and a rotating member; the collecting component is arranged on the rotating component and rotates along with the rotating component, and the cleaning component is used for sweeping the insects on the non-reflective bottom plate into the collecting component.
Preferably, the three-dimensional image reconstruction of the insect according to the image information specifically includes: acquiring two-dimensional images of the insects at two different positions based on a binocular vision principle; after image correction is carried out on two-dimensional images at two different positions, two parallax images of the two-dimensional images at the two different positions are respectively calculated by utilizing an SGBM algorithm in OpenCV; and filling the holes in the two parallax pictures, converting the two parallax pictures into a depth map, and reconstructing a three-dimensional image of the insect according to the depth map.
Preferably, the image recognition of the insect according to the image information specifically includes: according to the image information, based on the image recognition model, carrying out image recognition on the insects, and recognizing the types and the quantity of the insects; the image recognition model is obtained by training with the insect species and quantity in advance according to the image information.
Preferably, the predicting the future occurrence trend of the insect according to the image information and the environmental weather information specifically includes: acquiring the types and the quantity of the insects according to the image information; predicting future occurrence trend of the insects based on an insect occurrence trend prediction model according to the types and the quantity of the insects and environmental meteorological information; the insect occurrence trend prediction model is obtained by training with environmental weather information in advance according to the types and the number of insects.
The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects, which is characterized in that trapping, dehydration drying, image acquisition and insect pest body collection of insects are realized through an insect trapping device, an insect dehydration drying device, an insect image acquisition device and an insect pest body collection device which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a rainwater isolation device is arranged between the insect trapping device and the insect dehydration drying device to prevent rainwater from flowing into the insect dehydration drying device, meanwhile, environmental weather information of a monitoring area is acquired through an environmental information acquisition device, and a controller respectively controls the insect trapping device, the rainwater isolation device, the insect dehydration drying device, the insect image acquisition device and the insect pest body collection device to be opened or closed according to the environmental weather information; according to the image information, three-dimensional image reconstruction and image recognition are carried out on the insects; and predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental weather information. The embodiment of the invention can remotely identify and count the types and the number of the pests in real time, predict the future pest situation occurrence trend in time, reduce the technical requirements on personnel and reduce the pest control cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry pests according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a trapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rainwater isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the insect dehydrating and drying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an insect image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an insect body collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of insect three-dimensional image reconstruction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a process of insect future trend prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for pest conditions of agricultural and forestry pests according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for pest conditions of agricultural and forestry pests, the system includes an insect trapping device 200, a rainwater isolation device 300, an insect dehydration and drying device 400, an insect image collecting device 500 and an insect pest body collecting device 600, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the insect trapping device 200, the rainwater isolation device 300, the insect dehydration drying device 400, the insect image acquisition device 500 and the insect body collection device 600 are respectively connected with the power supply device 800, and the power supply device 800, the insect image acquisition device 500 and the environmental information acquisition device 100 are respectively connected with the controller 700; the environment information acquiring device 100 is used for acquiring environment weather information of a monitored area and transmitting the environment weather information to the controller; an insect trapping device 200 for trapping insects and making the insects fall into the insect dehydrating and drying device; the rainwater isolation device 300 is used for isolating rainwater so as to prevent the rainwater from entering the insect dehydration drying device; the insect dehydration drying device 400 is used for killing, dehydrating and drying insects, and enabling the dehydrated and dried insects to fall into the insect image acquisition device; the insect image acquisition device 500 is used for acquiring image information of insects, transmitting the image information to the controller and enabling the insects to fall into the insect body collection device; the insect body collecting device 600 is used for collecting insects so as to facilitate later on-site checking statistics; a controller 700 for controlling the power supply apparatus 800 to be turned on or off according to the environmental weather information; according to the image information, three-dimensional image reconstruction and image recognition are carried out on the insects; and predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental weather information.
Specifically, in order to automatically monitor and forecast the insect situation of the agricultural and forestry harmful insects, the insects need to be collected first, and then the insect situation can be further analyzed. Therefore, the insect trapping device 200, the rainwater isolation device 300, the insect dehydration drying device 400, the insect image acquisition device 500 and the insect body collection device 600 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; loop through insect trapping device 200 and trap the insect, insect dehydration drying device 400 dewaters the insect of trapping and dries, and insect image acquisition device 500 gathers the image information of insect multi-angle, and insect body collection device 600 collects the insect body, and the statistics is looked over on the spot in the staff's of being convenient for later stage of count. The rain water isolation device 300 is disposed between the insect trapping device 200 and the insect dehydrating and drying device 400, and is used for isolating rain water and preventing the rain water from entering the insect dehydrating and drying device 400.
Further, the insect trapping device 200, the rain water isolating device 300, the insect dehydrating and drying device 400, the insect image collecting device 500 and the insect body collecting device 600 are respectively connected with the power supply device 800 and respectively get electricity from the power supply device 800 to operate. The turning on of the power supply device 800 also includes a dormant state, and when the power supply device 800 is in the dormant state, power is not supplied to the insect trapping device 200, the rainwater isolation device 300, the insect dehydration drying device 400, the insect image collection device 500 and the insect body collection device 600.
Further, the power supply device 800, the insect image collecting device 500 and the environmental information acquiring device 100 are electrically connected with the controller 700 in a wired or wireless manner, and the actual electrical connection manner can be selected according to actual conditions; the controller 700 controls the power supply device 800 to be turned on or off according to the environmental weather information acquired by the environmental information acquisition device 100; the controller 700 also reconstructs three-dimensional images and identifies the images of the insects according to the image information of the insects acquired by the insect image acquisition device 500, and predicts the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental weather information, namely, the system realizes automatic monitoring and prediction of the insect situation of the harmful insects.
It should be noted that most insects generally appear and disappear at night without rainfall according to the habits of the insects, and therefore the controller 700 can determine whether to turn on or off the power supply device 800 according to the intensity of illumination and the intensity of rainfall acquired by the environmental information acquisition device 100, so that the insect trapping device 200, the rainwater isolation device 300, the insect dehydration drying device 400, the insect image acquisition device 500 and the insect body collection device 600 can be operated, dormant or turned off.
The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects, which can remotely identify and count the types and the quantity of the insect pests in real time, predict the future insect pest occurrence trend in time, reduce the technical requirements on personnel and reduce the insect pest control cost.
Based on the above embodiment, the environmental information acquiring apparatus 100 includes the illumination intensity sensor, the rainfall sensor, the atmospheric temperature and humidity sensor, the soil temperature and humidity sensor, the gas sensor, the wind direction and wind speed sensor, and the gas pressure sensor, and is respectively used for measuring the illumination intensity, the rainfall intensity, the atmospheric temperature and humidity, the soil temperature and humidity, and the CO2The gas concentration, the wind direction, the wind speed and the atmospheric pressure provide various environmental meteorological information supports for insect situation prediction.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a trapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, an insect trapping device 200 includes: a top cover 201, an impact plate 202, an insect attracting unit 203 and an insect receiving funnel 204; wherein the top cover 201, the insect attracting unit 203 and the insect receiving funnel 204 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the striking plate 202 surrounds the insect attracting unit 203 by taking the insect attracting unit 203 as a center; the number of impact plates 202 is at least 3; the insect receiving funnel 204 is in an inverted conical surface shape, a lower drain pipe connected with the rainwater isolation device 300 is arranged below the inverted conical surface, and the bottom of the inverted conical surface extends towards the central line of the lower drain pipe so as to prevent rainwater from sliding down along the inner wall of the lower drain pipe.
Specifically, the top cover 201 is in the shape of a butterfly with a small slope, the top cover 201 being located at the top of the insect trapping device 200; the insect attracting unit 203 is an insect attracting lamp tube or an pheromone attracting core, and the insect attracting unit 203 is arranged in the middle of the insect trapping device 200; the striking plate 202 radially surrounds the insect attracting unit 203 with the insect attracting unit 203 as the center, and at least 3 surfaces of the striking plate 202 are provided to fully surround the insect attracting unit 203; the insect-catching funnel 204 is located below the insect-attracting unit 203, i.e., the lowermost portion of the insect-trapping device 200, and the inverted cone of the insect-catching funnel 204 extends toward the central axis of the lower drain pipe at the bottom thereof by a certain length to prevent rainwater from sliding down along the inner wall of the lower drain pipe of the insect-catching funnel 204.
In the insect trapping device 200 of the embodiment of the invention, the top cover 201 is used for shielding rainwater and illumination in the nature, so that the influence on the working state of the automatic insect situation monitoring and forecasting system is avoided; the insect attracting means 203 is for attracting insects; the impact plate 202 is used for blocking a flying path of the insects attracted by the insect attracting device, and the insect attracting device collide with each other to enable the insects to be stunned and fall off; the insect catching funnel 204 is used for catching and collecting the insects falling after stunning, so that the insects can slide to the next unit link, namely the insect dewatering and drying device 400.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rainwater isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the rainwater isolation device 300 includes: a main pipe 301, a baffle 302 and a drainage pipe 303; wherein, the drainage pipeline 303 is connected with the main pipeline 301, the drainage pipeline 303 is connected with one side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204, and the main pipeline is connected with the other side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204; a baffle 302 is secured to the junction between the drain pipe 303 and the main pipe 301 and is used to close off the main pipe 301 or drain pipe 303.
Specifically, the main pipe 301 is located right below the insect receiving funnel 204 and is in seamless connection with a lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204, the pipe diameter of the main pipe 301 is slightly narrower than that of the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204, and the main pipe 301 is used for receiving insects fallen from the insect trapping device 200; the baffle plate 302 is fixed at the connecting position between the main pipeline 301 and the drainage pipeline 303, the drainage pipeline 303 is a branch of the main pipeline 301 which is branched from the contact position of the main pipeline 301 and the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204, the baffle plate 302 is used for closing the main pipeline 301 or the drainage pipeline 303, the main pipeline 301 or the drainage pipeline 303 is selected to be used according to weather and working opening time, and the drainage pipeline 303 is used for draining rainwater blown into the insect receiving funnel 204 from the outside of the system; when the baffle 302 bounces, the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204 is communicated with the main pipeline 301, and the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204 is isolated from the drainage pipeline 303; when the baffle plate 302 falls, the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204 is communicated with the drainage pipeline 303, and the lower leakage pipe of the insect receiving funnel 204 is isolated from the main pipeline 301. It should be noted that when rain isolation device 300 is powered on, baffles 302 bounce; on the contrary, when the system does not work, the power supply device 800 does not supply power to the rainwater isolation device 300, and the rainwater isolation device 300 does not operate, and the baffle 302 naturally falls.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an insect dehydrating and drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the insect dehydrating and drying apparatus 400 includes: the device comprises a heating drying barrel 401, an infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402, a solar medium-temperature heat collection module 403 and an infrared heating module 404; wherein, the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402 is arranged between the rainwater isolation device 300 and the heating drying barrel 401; the solar medium-temperature heat collection module 403 comprises a heat collection unit 403-1 and a heat conduction unit 403-2, wherein the heat collection unit 403-1 is arranged at the position facing the sun outside the system, and the heat conduction unit 403-2 is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heating and drying barrel 401; the infrared heating module 404 is disposed in the heating and drying tub 401 and contacts with an inner wall of the heating and drying tub 401.
Specifically, the heating and drying barrel 401 includes a barrel body 401-1 and an insect discharging flap 401-2, the heating and drying barrel 401 is a main body component for heating, drying and trapping insects, after the heating and drying barrel 401 heats and dries the insects 404-3 in the barrel body 401-1, the insect discharging flap 401-2 is turned over and conveys the dried insects to the next unit link, namely the insect image acquisition device 500.
Further, the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402 is positioned right above the heating and drying barrel 401, and the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402 comprises an infrared detection module 402-1 and a high-voltage electric shock module 402-2; the infrared detection module 402-1 is used for detecting falling insects and counting, if any insect falls, the infrared detection module 402-1 triggers the high-voltage electric shock module 402-2 to start while counting; the high-voltage electric shock module 402-2 is used for generating high voltage and low current to kill insects, high voltage is generated through the oscillation booster circuit, when the insects fall and contact one of the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage electric shock module 402-2, due to good electric conductivity of the insects, the contact is close to the distance between the two electrodes, air is broken down, a current path is formed, the performance of the high-voltage electric shock module 402-2 needs to ensure that the insects are electrocuted and the integrity of insect bodies is kept, and the operation is used for performing first dehydration and drying on the insects.
Further, considering that the first time dehydration drying time of the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402 for trapping insects is short and drying is incomplete, the solar medium-temperature heat collection module 403 is used for performing second time dehydration drying on the insects killed by the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module 402. The solar medium-temperature heat collecting module 403 converts solar energy into heat energy by using the principle of a solar medium-temperature heat collector to provide a drying and heating function for insects, and the heating temperature can be set according to the physiological characteristics of the insects to be trapped. The solar energy medium temperature heat collecting module 403 comprises a heat collecting unit 403-1 and a heat conducting unit 403-2, wherein the heat collecting unit 403-1 is composed of medium temperature solar heat collecting tubes, preferably vacuum tube heat collecting tubes, to collect heat of solar energy, and the heat collecting unit 403-1 is installed at the position facing the sun outside the system; the heat conducting unit 403-2 is composed of heat conducting pipes uniformly distributed around the heating drying tub 401 between the inner wall and the outer wall thereof and a heat conducting fluid material, preferably heat conducting oil. The solar medium-temperature heat collecting module 403 makes full use of solar energy, and reduces the electric energy consumption of the system.
Further, the infrared heating module 404 includes an infrared heater 404-1 and an internal temperature sensor 404-2, when the internal temperature sensor 404-2 detects that the internal temperature of the heating and drying barrel 401 does not reach the set temperature range, the infrared heater 404-1 is turned on for performing the third dehydration and drying on the insects, and the heating time of the infrared heater 404-1 can be set according to the physiological characteristics (such as the size of the insects) of the insects to be trapped.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an insect image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the insect image capturing device 500 includes: the device comprises a background plate unit 503, a light source 501 and an image acquisition unit 502 which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence; the background plate unit 503 comprises a uniform vibration array 503-2 and a non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 which are arranged from bottom to top and are connected with each other, the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 is used for receiving insects falling from the insect dehydration drying device 400, and the uniform vibration array 503-2 enables the falling insects to be scattered on the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 by vibrating the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1; the image acquisition unit 502 comprises a rotating part 502-1 and a camera 502-2 which are connected with each other, and the camera 502-2 rotates along with the rotating part 502-1 and shoots insects on the non-reflective floor; the light source 501 is disposed below the camera 502-2 and used to fill in light to a shooting area on the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1.
Specifically, the image capturing unit 502 includes a rotating component 502-1 and a video camera 502-2 connected to each other, the image capturing unit 502 is located right above the background plate unit 503, wherein the lens of the video camera 502-2 is vertically aligned with the surface of the background plate unit 503, the video camera 502-2 selects a depth camera RGB-D or a normal camera RGB, and preferably selects the depth camera RGB-D; the rotating component 502-1 controls the camera 502-2 to make a circular movement, so that the camera 502-2 starts shooting after rotating and moving to a point position and then moving stably, a multi-point position can be selected as a shooting position, preferably three to six points, and the image acquisition unit 502 transmits the information of the insect image shot at the multi-point position to the controller 700 in real time. It should be noted that the RGB-D selective depth camera can be used to directly capture three-dimensional images of insects, and the RGB common camera is used to capture two-dimensional images of insects.
Further, the controller 700 also controls the workflow of the background board unit 503, and the workflow of the background board unit 503 is: firstly, an initial distribution image of insects on a non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 is obtained through an image acquisition unit 502 and is transmitted to a controller 700, then the controller 700 judges the approximate position coordinates of the distribution area of the insect bodies on the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 according to the image by an algorithm, the distance L between the insect bodies and the boundary of the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 is taken as the origin point by the center of the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1, the controller 700 controls a vibration point of a uniform vibration array 503-2 and the position corresponding to the position coordinates of the insects to generate vibration, and after the vibration time t, the image acquisition unit 502 is made to obtain the distribution image of the insects on the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 again. The vibration working process is repeated for 2-4 times, and finally, insect bodies are not overlapped and are respectively and independently distributed on the surface of the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1. The uniform vibration array 503-2 is preferably a linear vibration motor, the vibration intensity of the uniform vibration array 503-2 at the vibration point is K, the value of K is proportional to the distance L between the insect body above the corresponding vibration point and the boundary of the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1, and the function of the vibration intensity K is: k is Lft mu, where K is vibration intensity, f is frequency of the vibration motor at the vibration point, t is vibration duration, L is distance between the insect body and the boundary of the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1, and mu is a constant. It should be noted that the vibration duration t is adjusted according to practical factors such as the size of the non-reflective substrate 503-1 and the vibration intensity K of the uniform vibration array 503-2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an insect body collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the insect body collecting device 600 includes: a cleaning member 601, a collecting member 602, and a rotating member 603; wherein, the collecting component 601 is arranged on the rotating component and rotates along with the rotating component 603, and the cleaning component 601 is used for sweeping the insects on the non-reflective bottom plate 503-1 into the collecting component 602.
Specifically, the cleaning member 601 is used to clean the insect body on the surface of the background plate device 503, which has acquired the image information, and the cleaning member 601 is preferably an air gun or a blower.
Further, the collecting part 602 includes a collecting funnel 602-1 and a collecting container 602-2, and the rotating part 602 includes a rotating disk 602-3 and a rotating motor 602-4. Wherein, the collecting funnel 602-1 is used for receiving and collecting the insect bodies cleaned by the cleaning component 601. The collection container 602-2 is used to store the daily bodies of trapped insects, and the collection container 602-2 is preferably a bag or bottle. The rotating disc 602-3 is used for fixing the collecting container 602-2 and driving the collecting container to rotate to the lower outlet of the collecting funnel 602-1, 7 collecting containers 602-2 (for one use every day in each week) are fixed below the rotating disc 602-3, and a period of 7 days is provided. The rotating motor 602-4 is used for driving the rotating disc 602-3 to rotate, and after the collection work of each day is completed, the rotating motor 602-4 drives the rotating disc 602-3 to rotate, so that the collection container 602-4 used in the next day is aligned with the lower discharge opening of the collection funnel 602-1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of insect three-dimensional image reconstruction according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, a controller 700 performs three-dimensional image reconstruction on insects according to image information acquired by an insect image acquisition device 500, where the three-dimensional image reconstruction specifically includes: s1, acquiring two-dimensional images of the insects at two different positions based on a binocular vision principle; s2, after image correction is carried out on the two-dimensional images at two different positions, two parallax images of the two-dimensional images at the two different positions are calculated respectively by utilizing an SGBM algorithm in OpenCV; and S3, converting the two parallax pictures into depth maps after filling the holes, and reconstructing three-dimensional images of the insects according to the depth maps.
Specifically, the controller 700 performs three-dimensional image reconstruction on the insects, one is to perform image recognition on three-dimensional image information directly acquired by the RGB-D depth camera, and the other is to perform three-dimensional image reconstruction based on two-dimensional images acquired by the RGB general camera.
Further, because image recognition is directly performed on three-dimensional image information, the hardware requirement is too high, and the execution time is long, in the embodiment of the present invention, an RGB common camera is selected, and the controller 700 performs three-dimensional image reconstruction based on a two-dimensional image acquired by the RGB common camera, which specifically includes the following processes: based on the binocular vision principle, the camera 502-2 is controlled to move circularly through the rotating component 502-1 on the same plane, so that the shooting position of the camera 502-2 is changed, and two-dimensional images of a plurality of cameras on the same plane and at different positions are obtained. And performing image correction (such as distortion correction and stereo correction) on two adjacent two-dimensional images to obtain two parallax images, then calculating the parallax images by using an SGBM algorithm in OpenCV and filling holes, then converting the parallax images into depth images, and finally performing three-dimensional image reconstruction through the depth images.
Based on the above embodiment, the controller 700 performs image recognition on the insects according to the image information collected by the insect image collecting device 500, and specifically includes: according to the image information, based on the image recognition model, carrying out image recognition on the insects, and recognizing the types and the quantity of the insects; the image recognition model is obtained by training insect species and quantity corresponding to the sample image information in advance according to the sample image information.
Specifically, the controller 700 uses a data enhancement technique and a cropping algorithm to perform standardized processing on the image of the insect to obtain a standardized picture; and respectively marking training data and testing data of the standardized pictures by using a LabelImg visual picture marking tool, and making the training data and the testing data into VOC data sets to form sample image information. Then extracting the characteristics of a target candidate region (sample image information) through a deep neural network based on a region suggested target detection and recognition algorithm, namely a fast-R-CNN algorithm; classifying the extracted features and regressing the real boundary of the target; and finally, training by utilizing the insect species and quantity corresponding to the sample image information to obtain the image recognition model.
The embodiment of the invention is different from the traditional target detection and identification method based on target feature extraction, target identification and target positioning, adopts a more efficient target detection and identification method based on image depth extraction features and a deep learning technology of target identification and positioning of a deep neural network, and carries out image identification on insects based on an image identification model according to image information to identify the types and the quantity of the insects.
Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a future insect trend prediction process according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the controller 700 predicts the future insect trend according to the image information acquired by the insect image acquisition device 500 and the environmental weather information acquired by the environmental information acquisition device 100, and specifically includes: acquiring the types and the quantity of the insects according to the image information; predicting future occurrence trend of the insects based on an insect occurrence trend prediction model according to the types and the quantity of the insects and environmental meteorological information; the insect occurrence trend prediction model is obtained by training insect species and quantity corresponding to the sample environmental meteorological information in advance according to the sample environmental meteorological information.
Specifically, image information is first imported into an image recognition model that has been formed, and the image recognition model outputs the insect species and quantity. And then, as the climate factors are closely related to the occurrence and development of the insects, storing the environmental weather information as sample environmental weather information, and training to obtain an insect occurrence trend prediction model by continuously analyzing the sample environmental weather information and the relationship between the types and the quantity of the insects based on the sample environmental weather information and the insect types and the quantity corresponding to the sample environmental weather information by using an artificial neural network prediction algorithm.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the types and the quantity of insects are obtained according to the image information; predicting future occurrence trend of the insects based on an insect occurrence trend prediction model according to the types and the quantity of the insects and environmental meteorological information;
for example, taking the insect pest of white moth in a certain area in recent years as an example, the degree of the insect pest of the white moth is divided into light (less than 5 heads/day), medium (5-30 heads/day) and heavy (more than or equal to 30 heads/day) by taking the number of the white moth caught by the system every day as a reference. Similarly, the insect occurrence trend prediction model can be established through the work, and the insect occurrence trend prediction model can automatically generate insect species, insect pest degree grade and occurrence time curve graphs, so that a user can conveniently and visually acquire the future occurrence condition of certain types of insects in the region, and therefore insect pests can be prevented and controlled in advance, and the harm degree is reduced.
It should be noted that any node in fig. 8 is other components of the system except for the controller, and any node is disposed in towns of a certain area, and each town is provided with at least 3 nodes; a plurality of villages and towns transmit the acquired environmental weather information and the image information of the insects to the controller through a base station, and the controller predicts the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the environmental weather information and the image information of the insects.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic monitoring and forecasting system for insect pest situation of agricultural and forestry harmful insects is characterized by comprising an insect trapping device, a rainwater isolating device, an insect dehydration and drying device, an insect image collecting device and an insect pest body collecting device which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the device comprises a controller, an environmental information acquisition device and a power supply device, wherein the insect trapping device, the rainwater isolation device, the insect dehydration drying device, the insect image acquisition device and the insect body collection device are respectively connected with the power supply device, and the power supply device, the insect image acquisition device and the environmental information acquisition device are respectively connected with the controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the environment information acquisition device is used for acquiring environment meteorological information of a monitored area and transmitting the environment meteorological information to the controller;
the insect trapping device is used for trapping insects and enabling the insects to fall into the insect dehydrating and drying device;
the rainwater isolation device is used for isolating rainwater so as to prevent the rainwater from entering the insect dehydration drying device;
the insect dehydration drying device is used for killing, dehydrating and drying the insects, and enabling the dehydrated and dried insects to fall into the insect image acquisition device;
the insect image acquisition device is used for acquiring image information of the insects, transmitting the image information to the controller and enabling the insects to fall into the insect body collection device;
the insect body collecting device is used for collecting the insects so as to be convenient for later on-site checking statistics;
the controller is used for controlling the power supply device to be switched on or switched off according to the environmental meteorological information; according to the image information, three-dimensional image reconstruction and image recognition are carried out on the insects; predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects according to the image information and the environmental meteorological information;
the image recognition of the insect according to the image information specifically includes:
according to the image information, based on an image recognition model, carrying out image recognition on the insects, and recognizing the types and the quantity of the insects; the image recognition model is obtained by training insect species and quantity corresponding to sample image information in advance according to the sample image information;
the predicting the future occurrence trend of the insect according to the image information and the environmental weather information specifically comprises:
acquiring the types and the quantity of the insects according to the image information;
predicting the future occurrence trend of the insects based on an insect occurrence trend prediction model according to the types and the number of the insects and the environmental meteorological information; the insect occurrence trend prediction model is obtained by training insect species and quantity corresponding to sample environmental meteorological information in advance according to the sample environmental meteorological information;
the insect dehydrating and drying device comprises: the device comprises a heating drying barrel, an infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module, a solar medium-temperature heat collection module and an infrared heating module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the infrared triggering high-voltage electric shock module is arranged between the rainwater isolation device and the heating and drying barrel;
the solar medium-temperature heat collection module comprises a heat collection unit and a heat conduction unit, the heat collection unit is arranged at the position facing the sun outside the system, and the heat conduction unit is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heating and drying barrel; the infrared heating module is arranged in the heating drying barrel and is in contact with the inner wall of the heating drying barrel;
the insect image acquisition device includes: the device comprises a background plate unit, a light source and an image acquisition unit which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the background plate unit comprises a uniform vibration array and a non-reflection bottom plate which are arranged from bottom to top and are connected with each other, the non-reflection bottom plate is used for bearing the insects falling from the insect dehydration drying device, and the uniform vibration array vibrates the non-reflection bottom plate to enable the falling insects to be scattered on the non-reflection bottom plate;
the image acquisition unit comprises a rotating component and a camera which are connected with each other, and the camera rotates along with the rotating component and shoots insects on the non-reflective bottom plate;
the light source is arranged below the camera and used for supplementing light to a shooting area on the non-reflection bottom plate;
the uniform vibrating array distributes the dropped insects on the non-reflective floor by vibrating the non-reflective floor, comprising:
s01, acquiring an initial distribution image of the insects on the non-reflective bottom plate through the image acquisition unit and sending the initial distribution image to the controller,
s02, the controller judges the position coordinates of the insect distribution area on the non-reflective bottom plate according to an image recognition algorithm;
s03, the controller controls the vibration point of the uniform vibration array and the position corresponding to the position coordinate to generate vibration so as to adjust the position of the insect;
steps S01-S03 are repeated until there is no overlap between the insect bodies.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the environmental information acquiring device comprises a light intensity sensor, a rainfall sensor, an atmospheric temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a gas sensor, a wind direction and speed sensor and a gas pressure sensor, and is used for measuring the light intensity, the rainfall intensity, the atmospheric temperature and humidity, the soil temperature and humidity, and the CO, respectively2Gas concentration, wind direction and speed intensity and atmospheric pressure.
3. The automatic insect pest situation monitoring and forecasting system for agricultural and forestry according to claim 1, wherein the insect trapping device includes: the device comprises a top cover, an impact plate, an insect attracting unit and an insect receiving funnel; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the top cover, the insect attracting unit and the insect receiving funnel are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the impact plate surrounds the insect attracting unit by taking the insect attracting unit as a center;
the number of the impact plates is at least 3; the insect receiving funnel is in an inverted conical surface shape, a lower drain pipe connected with the rainwater isolation device is arranged below the inverted conical surface, and the bottom of the inverted conical surface extends towards the central line of the lower drain pipe to prevent rainwater from sliding down along the inner wall of the lower drain pipe.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the rain isolating device comprises: a main pipeline, a baffle plate and a drainage pipeline; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the drainage pipeline is connected with the main pipeline, the drainage pipeline is connected with one side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe, and the main pipeline is connected with the other side of the inner wall of the lower leakage pipe; the baffle is fixed in drainage pipe with the junction between the trunk line is used for sealing the trunk line or drainage pipe.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the insect body collecting device comprises: a cleaning member, a collecting member, and a rotating member;
the collecting component is arranged on the rotating component and rotates along with the rotating component, and the cleaning component is used for sweeping the insects on the non-reflective bottom plate into the collecting component.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional image reconstruction of the insects according to the image information comprises:
acquiring two-dimensional images of the insects at two different positions based on a binocular vision principle;
after the two-dimensional images at the two different positions are subjected to image correction, two parallax images of the two-dimensional images at the two different positions are respectively calculated by utilizing an SGBM algorithm in OpenCV;
and filling holes in the two parallax pictures, converting the two parallax pictures into a depth map, and reconstructing a three-dimensional image of the insect according to the depth map.
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