CN110220490A - A kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation - Google Patents
A kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110220490A CN110220490A CN201910533937.8A CN201910533937A CN110220490A CN 110220490 A CN110220490 A CN 110220490A CN 201910533937 A CN201910533937 A CN 201910533937A CN 110220490 A CN110220490 A CN 110220490A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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Abstract
The measuring device of rock mass deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: measurement component obtains measurement data for measuring the position relative relation between the first sillar of rock mass to be measured and the second sillar of the rock to be measured；First sillar is located at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, and second sillar is located at the other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；The measurement component can measure the data in three directions, and three measurement directions are orthogonal；Fixation kit, when the measurement component measures, one end of the fixation kit is fixed on first sillar, the other end is fixed on second sillar, for the measurement component to be fixed between first sillar and second sillar, and keep the plane that any two measurement direction is formed in three measurement directions for measuring component parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；Processor obtains the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured for utilizing the measurement data and reference data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of civil engineering more particularly to a kind of measuring devices of rock mass deformation.
Background technique
China is vast in territory, and topographic and geologic complicated condition, every engineering construction is inevitably broken to a certain extent
Badly or disturbs original relatively stable rock mass structure and form new side slope.The stabilization of side slope is to engineering construction safety to Guan Chong
It wants, therefore deformation data of the measurement as the slope rock mass of the important evaluation index of slope stability, to analyze rock mass periphery
The stability of side slope is to guarantee every engineering construction such as railway operation vital measure safely.
Most rock side slopes are made of soft or hard rock mass, and lithology Coating combination is poor, weak structural face is developed, side slope rock mass
Deformation failure plays control action.The basic reason of excavation slope Instability of Rock Body is to have special structure characteristics of rock mass and unfavorable
Mechanical property, wherein excavation slope structure characteristics of rock mass be control excavation slope stability an important factor for, side slope rock
The deformation of body has substantial connection with destruction and the combination of Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body development characteristics, structural plane and excavation face, therefore right
The deformation monitoring of slope rock mass important feature face two sides sillar is of great significance.
However, in Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body two sides sillar surface irregularity, and the change of Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body two sides sillar
In the uncertain situation in shape direction, the problem of existing and be difficult to obtain deformation data, or even can not normally be measured.
Summary of the invention
To solve existing technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation, can
In Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body two sides sillar surface irregularity, and the deformation direction of Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body two sides sillar is uncertain
In the case of, measure the data of rock mass deformation.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation, comprising:
Component is measured, for measuring the position between the first sillar of rock mass to be measured and the second sillar of the rock to be measured
Relativeness obtains measurement data；First sillar is located at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, second sillar
Positioned at the other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；The measurement component can measure the data in three directions, and three surveys
It is orthogonal to measure direction；
Fixation kit, when the measurement component measures, one end of the fixation kit is fixed on first sillar, separately
One end is fixed on second sillar, for by the measurement component be fixed on first sillar and second sillar it
Between, and make any two measurement direction is formed in three measurement directions for measuring component plane and the rock mass to be measured
Structural plane is parallel；
Processor obtains the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured for utilizing the measurement data and reference data.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the fixation kit includes the first fixation member and the second fixation member；First fixed part
Part is arranged on the measurement component；
One end of second fixation member is fixed on first sillar, and the other end is fixed on second sillar
On, and the measurement component is fixed between first sillar and second sillar by first fixation member；
By adjusting first fixation member, any two in three measurement directions of the measurement component are enabled to
The plane that measurement direction is formed is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
In above-mentioned apparatus, second fixation member includes the first fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent；
When the measurement component measures, one end of first fixed subcomponent is fixed on first on first sillar
At position, the other end is connect with first fixation member；One end of second fixed subcomponent and first fixed part
Part connection, the other end are fixed on the second place on second sillar；
By first fixed subcomponent and second fixed subcomponent, the measurement component is fixed on described
Between one sillar and second sillar, and first fixation member is made to be located at the first position and the second position institute
On the straight line of formation；The straight line is vertical with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
In above-mentioned apparatus, first fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent can generate curved under the effect of external force
Song, and it is able to bear preset active force.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the shape of first fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent is Y shape.
In above-mentioned apparatus, pore structure is provided in first fixation member, first fixed subcomponent and second are consolidated
Stator component is connect by the pore structure with first fixation member.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the fixation kit also includes clamp member, first fixed subcomponent and the second stator
Component both passes through the pore structure and is connect by the clamp member with first fixation member.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the fixation kit also includes anchor bolt component, and first fixed subcomponent passes through the anchor bolt
Component is fixed with first sillar；Second fixed subcomponent is fixed by the anchor bolt component and second sillar.
In above-mentioned apparatus, it is provided with screw-rod structure in first fixation member,
The screw-rod structure is connect with the measurement component；
By adjusting the screw-rod structure, the relative angular relationship of the measurement component and the rock mass to be measured is adjusted, is made
Obtain the structure of any two measurement direction is formed in three measurement directions of the measurement component plane and the rock mass to be measured
Face is parallel.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the measurement component includes three axis accelerometer chip, characterizes first sillar for obtaining
The angle-data of relative positional relationship between second sillar.
The measuring device of rock mass deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: measurement component, for measuring rock mass to be measured
Position relative relation between first sillar and the second sillar of the rock to be measured, obtains measurement data；First sillar
Positioned at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, second sillar is located at the other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；
The measurement component can measure the data in three directions, and three measurement directions are orthogonal；Fixation kit, the measurement group
When part measures, one end of the fixation kit is fixed on first sillar, and the other end is fixed on second sillar, is used
It is fixed between first sillar and second sillar in by the measurement component, and makes three surveys of the measurement component
It is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured to measure the plane that any two measurement direction is formed in direction；Processor, for utilizing
The measurement data and reference data obtain the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured.In the embodiment of the present invention, pass through fastener components
The relative positional relationship between the sillar of rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured reflected, between the first sillar of Lai Jinhang and the second sillar
Position relative relation data measurement, and measurement direction covers two-dimensional space where structural plane, so can be avoided
On the sillar of out-of-flatness directly and must be along deformation direction fixation measuring component, to realize in Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body
Two sides sillar surface irregularity, and the survey in the uncertain situation of deformation direction of the sillar, to rock mass deformation data to be measured
Amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure composition schematic diagram of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that ADXL345 three axis accelerometer core in component is measured in the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Piece peripheral circuit schematic diagram one；
Fig. 3 is that ADXL345 three axis accelerometer core in component is measured in the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Piece peripheral circuit schematic diagram two；
Fig. 4 A is that measurement component, the first fixation member and second are fixed in the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram one of component；
Fig. 4 B is that measurement component, the first fixation member and second are fixed in the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram two of component；
Overall structure diagram one when Fig. 5 is the measuring device measurement of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Overall structure diagram two when Fig. 6 is the measuring device measurement of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Measurement component and the first fixation member when Fig. 7 A is the measuring device measurement of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram one；
Measurement component and the first fixation member when Fig. 7 B is the measuring device measurement of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram two；
Fig. 8 A is slide unit and measurement component in the screw-rod structure of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram one；
Fig. 8 B is slide unit and measurement component in the screw-rod structure of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram two；
Fig. 9 A is the structural schematic diagram of support member in the screw-rod structure of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
One；
Fig. 9 B is the structural schematic diagram of support member in the screw-rod structure of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Two；
Fig. 9 C is the structural schematic diagram of support member in the screw-rod structure of the measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention
Three (Fig. 9 C is in Fig. 9 A from A to the schematic diagram looked over)；
Figure 10 A is that the base plate part of measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention and the structure of the second fixation member are shown
It is intended to one；
Figure 10 B is that the base plate part of measuring device of rock mass deformation of the embodiment of the present invention and the structure of the second fixation member are shown
It is intended to two.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the specific technical solution of invention is described in further detail.The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but does not have to
To limit the scope of the invention.
Structural plane in the embodiment of the present invention includes joint sliding surface, but is not limited to joint sliding surface.
In the related technology, draining adit is excavated in railway slope massif, to side slope weak structural face two sides in adit
Sillar relative deformation is monitored, and generallys use displacement meter, but single displacement meter only can be carried out the measurement unidirectionally deformed, therefore
It requires when single displacement meter measurement along sillar deformation direction fixed displacement meter to be measured, and in practical application, sillar to be measured
Surface also out-of-flatness, these cause difficult in the installation site and direction for determining displacement meter；And use two or more
A displacement meter, although the installation direction to displacement meter can be reduced to a certain extent, further exist two or
Multiple displacement meters are coupled that difficult, measurement error is big, measurement data is difficult to the problems such as comparing and analyzing.
It is (special by the effect of fixation kit when measuring for the first time in the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention based on this
Structure design) relative positional relationship between the sillar of rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured is reflected to measurement component, measure later
Component, which is always maintained at, to be fixed between rock mass to be measured, and as the relative position between sillar changes, measure the survey that component obtains
Amount data change, and are then compared measurement data and reference data (such as measurement data for the first time), obtain rock mass to be measured
Deformation data, so, it is possible to avoid on the sillar of out-of-flatness directly and must be along deformation direction fixation measuring component
Problem, so as in Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body two sides sillar surface irregularity, and the deformation direction of the sillar is uncertain
In the case of, the deformation data of rock mass is measured, provides important data supporting for slope stability analysis, forecast and danger early warning.
Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of the measuring device of rock mass discontinuity of embodiment of the present invention two sides sillar relative deformation
Figure, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application, comprising: measurement component 100, fixation kit 200, processor 300；Wherein,
The measurement component 100, for measure rock mass to be measured the first sillar and the rock to be measured the second sillar it
Between position relative relation, obtain measurement data；First sillar is located at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, described
Second sillar is located at the other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；The measurement component 100 can measure the number in three directions
According to, and three measurement directions are orthogonal；
The fixation kit 200, when the measurement component measures, one end of the fixation kit 200 is fixed on described the
On one sillar, the other end is fixed on second sillar, for by the measurement component 100 be fixed on first sillar with
Between second sillar, and it is flat to form any two measurement direction
Face is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；
The processor 300 obtains the deformation number of the rock mass to be measured for utilizing the measurement data and reference data
According to.
Here, when measuring for the first time, the effect for first passing through fixation kit 200 will be between the sillar of rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured
Relative positional relationship be reflected to measurement component 100, measure component 100 later and be always maintained at and be fixed between rock mass to be measured, and
With the relative position variation between sillar, obtain rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured sillar along structural plane institute by measurement component 100
Two-dimensional space in relative positional relationship data, while the data that obtain of measurement being sent in processor 300, processor
300 are compared the data that measurement obtains with reference data (such as measurement data for the first time), obtain the deformation data of rock mass to be measured.
The following detailed description of the specific embodiment of each component:
The measurement component 100, for measure rock mass to be measured the first sillar and the rock to be measured the second sillar it
Between position relative relation.In practical application, the measurement component 100 can measure the data in three directions, and three measurements
Direction is orthogonal, such as X, Y, the data for the three-dimensional space that Z axis is formed.
When practical application, the measurement component 100 may include Integrated circuit portion and casing part, the integrated electricity
The measurement function of road part realization body, and the casing part realizes package to Integrated circuit portion, fixation, and with it is solid
Determine the connection of component 200.
The Integrated circuit portion is mainly made of measuring unit, main control unit, power supply unit and communication unit etc..Institute
Measuring unit is stated, for measuring the relative positional relationship data between current the first sillar and the second sillar, and by measurement
Data are sent to the main control unit；The main control unit, for realizing with measuring unit, power supply unit and communication unit
Data interaction and signal control；The power supply unit, for providing power supply for entire Integrated circuit portion；The communication unit,
For realizing the Integrated circuit portion and external communication.
When practical application, the master chip of the measuring unit can choose three axis accelerometer chip, for obtaining characterization
The angle-data of relative positional relationship between first sillar and second sillar, as digital three axis of ADXL345 accelerate
Degree meter chip；The master chip of the main control unit can choose the STC89C32 single-chip microcontroller with AD acquisition function；The communication is single
The master chip of member can choose MAX485 chip.It specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, will be outside ADXL345 three axis accelerometer chip
It encloses circuit and is connected into I2C communication modes, 13 pin SDA data, 14 pin SCL clocks are separately connected the P0.3 of STC89C32 single-chip microcontroller
With P0.4 pin, interrupt signal accesses P3.2 and P3.3 pin.Measurement data is by RS-485 bus communication, by MAX485 chip
1 pin RXD and 4 pin TXD be respectively connected to P3.0 the and P3.1 pin of STC89C32 single-chip microcontroller, data are by MAX485 chip
The output of A and B pin.
It should be noted that three axis accelerometer chip can measure tested plane relative to horizontal position gradient,
Two component degree of being parallel to each other and verticality.Angle between gravity vertical axis and acceleration transducer sensitive axis is exactly inclination angle.
ADXL345 three axis accelerometer chip in citing is a small and exquisite slim low-power consumption three axis accelerometer, can be to up to
The acceleration of ± 16g carries out high-resolution (13) measurements.Digital output data is 16 complement of two's two's complement formats, can be passed through
SPI (3 lines or 4 lines) or the access of I2C digital interface.ADXL345 three axis accelerometer chip can be in tilt detection application
Static weight acceleration is measured, it has high-resolution (4mg/LSB), and 1.0 ° of angle change can be not measured.Together
When, when exporting accelerometer using ADXL345 three axis accelerometer chip, without carrying out analog-to-digital conversion, it is so as to save
Cost of uniting and board area.
The casing part can be rectangular can, by can realize to the package of Integrated circuit portion,
It is fixed.
Measuring device 10 is by the effect of fixation kit 200 by the relative position between the sillar of rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured
Relationship is reflected to measurement component 100, to obtain measurable amount, therefore measures the fixed methods of component 100 in this implementation
It is particularly important in scheme.The specific scheme is that
The fixation kit 200 includes the first fixation member 201 and the second fixation member 202；First fixation member
201 are arranged on the measurement component 100；
One end of second fixation member 202 is fixed on first sillar, and the other end is fixed on second rock
On block, and the measurement component 100 is fixed on by first sillar and second rock by first fixation member 201
Between block；
By adjusting first fixation member 201, enable to appoint in three measurement directions of the measurement component 100
The plane that two measurement directions of anticipating are formed is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
When practical application, the first fixation member 201, as shown in Fig. 4 A, 4B, the first fixation member are set on case member
201 connect with the second fixation member 202, and measurement component 100 is fixed between first sillar and second sillar.
Here, it is described measurement component 100 three measurement directions in any two measurement direction formed plane with it is described
The structural plane of rock mass to be measured is parallel, it is possible to understand that are as follows: any two measurement direction shape in three measurement directions of measurement component 100
At one of plane it is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.Such as X, Y, the plane that X, Z axis are formed in Z axis with it is described to be measured
The structural plane of rock mass is parallel.
When it is implemented, can be by the fixed measurement component 100 of following two mode, so that the measurement component
The plane that any two measurement direction is formed in 100 three measurement directions is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
Mode one: as shown in figure 5, the first fixation member 201 is directly adjusted to parallel with structural plane, then pass through second
First fixation member 201 is fixed between the first sillar and second sillar by fixation member 202.In mode one, measurement
Component 100 is directly connect with the first fixation member 201, when guaranteeing that the first fixation member 201 is parallel with structural plane, measures component
The plane that X, Z-direction are formed in 100 three measurement directions is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
Mode two: as shown in fig. 6, being provided with screw-rod structure 2011, the screw-rod structure in first fixation member 201
2011 connect with the measurement component 100；By adjusting the screw-rod structure, adjust the measurement component 100 with it is described to be measured
The relative angular relationship of rock mass, so that any two measurement direction formation in three measurement directions of the measurement component 100
Plane is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
Here, as shown in fig. 6, the first step, is adjusted to parallel with the inclined side of side slope for the first fixation member 201；Second
Step adjusts the screw-rod structure 2011 in the first fixation member 201, so that X, Z axis side in three measurement directions of measurement component 100
Plane to formation is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.When practical application, the specific implementation of the screw-rod structure 2011
Mode is as shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
As shown in Figure 7 A, 7 B, in first fixation member 201 include screw-rod structure 2011 and base plate part 2012,
Screw-rod structure 2011 is connect by hinged mode with base plate part 2012, and the measurement component 100 is arranged in screw-rod structure
On 2011.Screw-rod structure 2011 includes slide unit and support member, and the support member and slide unit pass through hinged
Mode is connect with base plate part 2012.In this way, the rotation around hinged rotor shaft direction can be achieved in support member and slide unit.
When practical application, for the slide unit as shown in Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, the measurement component 100 is fixed on slide unit
On, it is moved with slide unit.One end of slide unit by way of corner hinge with hinged (this of base plate part 2012
In, base plate part 2012 is with the corresponding structure chart of corner hinge connection as shown in Figure 10 A, 10B)；The other end of slide unit
It is provided with and moves up and down support, move up and down and be provided with pore structure in support.Here pore structure is used to connect in support member
It connects.
When practical application, for the support member as shown in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B, Fig. 9 C, support member includes moving up and down axis, rotation
Turn screw rod bushing, screw rod, tape spool silk braid and rotation square toes；Wherein, one end of support member is by moving up and down axis and base plate part
2012 hinged (here base plate part 2012 with move up and down the corresponding structure chart of axis connection as shown in Figure 10 A, 10B)；Screw rod
It is fixed on lower shifting axle；Rotating wire rod set can be rotated relative to screw rod, to realize position of the rotating wire rod set on screw rod
Set movement；Rotation square toes and tape spool silk braid are connect with rotating wire rod set, when rotation rotates square toes, drive axial filament set with rotation
Screw rod bushing moves on screw rod together.In this way, angular adjustment of the slide unit relative to base plate part 2012 may be implemented, thus
The plane for forming X in three measurement directions of the measuring part 100 on slide unit, Z-direction and the rock mass to be measured
Structural plane is parallel.
Here, it realizes when being measured for the first time, the fixation of measuring part 100.
In view of the connection of measurement component 100 and tested sillar fastens followability, the is devised in fixation kit 200
One fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022, and make by the way of similar rope stretch measurement component 100
It is that a kind of hard and soft is connect that component 100 and tested sillar, which must be measured, so as to by the relative positional relationship between sillar to be measured
Accurately it is reflected to the measurement component 100.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, second fixation member 202 includes the first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed sub-portion
Part 2022；When the measurement component measures, one end of first fixed subcomponent 2021 is fixed on first sillar
At first position, the other end is connect with first fixation member 201；One end of second fixed subcomponent 2022 with it is described
The connection of first fixation member 201, the other end are fixed on the second place on second sillar；
By first fixed subcomponent 2021 and second fixed subcomponent 2022, by the measurement component 100
It is fixed between first sillar and second sillar, and first fixation member 201 is made to be located at the first position
It is formed by straight line with the second position；The straight line is vertical with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
When it is implemented, in order to guarantee accurately for the relative positional relationship between sillar to be measured to be reflected to the measurement group
Part 100 needs to limit the relative position of the first position and the second position, i.e., so that first fixation member 201 is located at
The first position and the second position are formed by straight line；The straight line is vertical with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that theoretically the fortune along aspect vertical with the structural plane of rock mass to be measured is not present in sillar
It is dynamic, when the first position and the straight line that the second position is formed vertical with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, can keep away
Exempt from the introducing with the measurement error of the structural plane vertical direction of rock mass to be measured.
It should be noted that the second fixation member 202 may include multiple fixed subcomponents also to realize in practical application
Fixation to measurement component 100, such as the second fixation member 202 use four sub- fixation members, and four fixed subcomponents are divided into
Two groups, two fixed subcomponents are used at every end of first fixation member 201, in this way, making first fixation member
201 are located on the straight line that two groups of fixation members are respectively formed.
It is described in order to guarantee for the relative positional relationship between sillar to be measured to be accurately reflected to as shown in Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B
Component 100 is measured, first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022 can generate under the effect of external force
Bending, and it is able to bear preset active force.
When practical application, first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022 must have certain soft
Property, while can also bear certain pretightning force.Here, the first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022 can be
Metal wire, such as: diameter is the steel strand wires of 2mm.
As shown in Figure 4 A, in order to guarantee first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022 and first solid
Determine the tightness of component 201 and the connection of tested rock mass, first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022
Shape be Y shape.By taking the specific fixation of the first fixed subcomponent 2021 as an example, Y shape is open in the first fixed subcomponent 2021
One end is connect with first fixation member 201, and one end that Y shape is not open in the first fixed subcomponent 2021 is fixed on described
At the first position of one sillar.
As shown in Figure 4 A, pore structure is provided in first fixation member 201, first fixation member and second are consolidated
Determine component and is connect by the pore structure with first fixation member 201.
As shown in Figure 4 B, the fixation kit 200 also includes clamp member 203, first fixed subcomponent and second
Fixed subcomponent both passes through the pore structure and is connect by the clamp member 203 with first fixation member 201.
When practical application, setting is there are four pore structure in first fixation member 201 and four holes are distributed in two-by-two
The both ends of first fixation member 201, the fixation kit 200 also include four clamp members.First fixed subcomponent
One end that Y shape is open in 2021 is each passed through two apertures of the one end for being distributed in first fixation member 201, passes through simultaneously
Two clamp members are separately fixed at the side in two holes, fix to realize the first fixed subcomponent 2021 with described first
The connection of component 201.One end that Y shape is open in second fixed subcomponent 2022, which is each passed through, is distributed in first fixation member
Two apertures of 201 other end, while it being separately fixed at by other two clamp member the side in other two hole, thus
Realize the connection of the second fixed subcomponent 2022 and first fixation member 201.
Here, the clamp member 203, is mainly made of clamping head of steel strand, buckle, collet etc., and material generally has stainless
Steel, aluminium etc., which are that one kind is matched with steel strand wires, can be used for fixed steel strand wires device.The clamp member specific structure has more
Kind, when practical application, it can choose the steel strand wires selected with the first fixed subcomponent 2021 and the second fixed subcomponent 2022 and match
The clamp member of set.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, the fixation kit also includes anchor bolt component 204, and first fixed subcomponent 2021 is logical
The anchor bolt component 204 is crossed to fix with the first sillar；Second fixed subcomponent passes through the anchor bolt component 204 and the second rock
Block is fixed.
When practical application, the fixation kit also includes two anchor bolt components, Y shape in first fixed subcomponent 2021
The one end not being open is fixed by an anchor bolt component with the first sillar；Y shape is not open in second fixed subcomponent 2022
One end fixed by another anchor bolt component and the second sillar.
Here, the anchor bolt component 204 can choose chemical anchor bolts component, compared to expansion anchor component, chemical anchor bolts
It is strong with anchor force, just as pre-buried；Without swelling stress, back gauge spacing is small；Quick for installation, solidification rapidly, saves construction time etc.
Advantage.
The processor 300 is connect with the measurement component 100, for utilizing the measurement data and reference data, is obtained
To the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured.
Here, reference data can be measurement data for the first time.Measurement data refers to that the measurement component 100 is right for the first time for the first time
When rock mass to be measured measures, survey any two in three measurement directions of the measurement component 100 by fixation kit 200
When the plane that amount direction is formed is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, measuring part 100 measures obtained data.It surveys later
Amount component, which is always maintained at, to be fixed between rock mass to be measured, and rock mass to be measured generates further deformation with the time, at this point, the survey
The data that amount component 100 measures are the deformations for adding up to occur on the basis of measurement data for the first time.Therefore, the measurement number is utilized
According to measurement data for the first time, when can obtain the rock mass phase practical application to be measured, the processor 300 can pass through bus
Form (e.g., 485 bus) is connect with the measurement component 100, after the measurement data for receiving measurement component 100, and is surveyed for the first time
Amount data are compared and (e.g., the angle-data currently measured are carried out to vector work with the angle-data measured for the first time poor), obtain
The rock mass to be measured is relative to the deformation data (angle vector difference) when measuring for the first time.It, can also be according to pre- when practical application
If rule the deformation data is formatted, such as using application programming or using LabVIEW software by angle
Deflection is transformed into displacement deformation amount.
The measuring device 10 of the present embodiment in practical applications, measures surveying for the first time for component 100 in corresponding diagram 5 and Fig. 6
Following steps specific implementation can be respectively adopted in specific fixed form when amount:
1, for the fixed form of measurement component 100 in Fig. 5:
Step 1: respectively by 2 (here, tools of chemical anchor bolts component of chemical anchor bolts component 204 in fixation kit 200
Body size can be adjusted according to actual needs) be separately fixed at rock mass to be measured joint sliding surface two sides two plots of sillars up and down
On first position and the second place, the first position and the second position are formed by straight line and the rock mass to be measured
Joint sliding it is vertical.The installation of chemical anchor bolts component 204 is answered solid and reliable.
Step 2: the upper end steel strand wires (being equivalent to the first fixed subcomponent 2021) in fixation kit 200 are passed through to use and are divided
Two apertures of one end of the first fixation member 201 are distributed in, while steel strand wires are locked by the lock of clamp member 203, then
The chemical anchor bolts nut of upper end is tightened；After the first fixation member 201 is adjusted to parallel with structural plane manually, lower end steel strand wires
(being equivalent to the second fixed subcomponent 202) certain pretightning force is added by cord holder, after tension, makes first fixation member
201 are located at the first position is formed by straight line with the second position；Then lower end steel strand wires pass through and are distributed in first
Two apertures of the other end of fixation member 201, while by lock locking steel strand wires, then the chemical anchor bolts nut of lower end is twisted
Tightly.
In practical application, in order to keep measurement component 100 fixed in the first fixation member 201 parallel with structural plane, upper end
It is usually different with the size of the chemical anchor bolts of lower end.
In practical application, 1 meter generally is set by the length of upper and lower end steel strand wires, when the length ratio of upper and lower end steel strand wires
When the length that actual needs uses is long, the steel strand wires of additional length can be cut after the lock locking of clamp member.
In practical application, anchoring adhesive can also be applied on anchor bolt screw thread, so that anchor bolt screw thread rapid curing, prevents anchor
Bolt bolt loosens.
2, for the fixed form of measurement component 100 in Fig. 6:
Step 1: respectively by 2 204 (here, chemical anchor bolts groups of the chemical anchor bolts of M10 × 40 component in fixation kit 200
The specific size of part can be adjusted according to actual needs) be separately fixed at rock mass to be measured joint sliding surface two sides up and down two
First position and the second place on block sillar, the first position and the second position be formed by straight line and it is described to
Survey the vertical of the joint sliding of rock mass.The installation of chemical anchor bolts component 204 is answered solid and reliable.
Step 2: the upper end steel strand wires (being equivalent to the first fixed subcomponent 2021) in fixation kit 200 are passed through to use and are divided
Two apertures of one end of the first fixation member 201 are distributed in, while steel strand wires are locked by the lock of clamp member 203, then
The chemical anchor bolts nut of upper end is tightened；Lower end steel strand wires (being equivalent to the second fixed subcomponent 202) are added one by cord holder
Fixed pretightning force after tension, makes first fixation member 201 be located at the first position and is formed by with the second position
On straight line；Then lower end steel strand wires pass through two apertures for being distributed in the other end of the first fixation member 201, while passing through lock
Steel strand wires are locked, then the chemical anchor bolts nut of lower end is tightened.
In practical application, 1 meter generally is set by the length of upper and lower end steel strand wires, when the length ratio of upper and lower end steel strand wires
When the length that actual needs uses is long, the steel strand wires of additional length can be cut after the lock locking of clamp member.
In practical application, anchoring adhesive can also be applied on anchor bolt screw thread, so that anchor bolt screw thread rapid curing, prevents anchor
Bolt bolt loosens.
Step 3: rotating left and right the rotation square toes on screw-rod structure 2011, to drive slide unit to carry out on screw rod,
Lower movement, so that it is flat to form any two measurement direction in three measurement directions of the measuring part 100 on slide unit
Face is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
It should be understood that in actual application, the knot of plane and the rock to be measured where the measurement component
The parallel relation in structure face or the first position and the second position are formed by the knot on straight line with the rock mass to be measured
The vertical relation in structure face can not may be accomplished very to meet, but as long as it is approximate meet it is mentioned above corresponding parallel and vertical
The deformation data of straight relationship then rock mass can be for used in engineering.Alternatively, obtaining described at least through above-mentioned rock mass deformation data
The Main way deformed between one sillar and second sillar so can provide foundation to the installation of displacement meter.
The measuring device of rock mass deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: measurement component, for measuring rock mass to be measured
Position relative relation between first sillar and the second sillar of the rock to be measured, obtains measurement data；First sillar
Positioned at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, second sillar is located at the other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；
The measurement component can measure the data in three directions, and three measurement directions are orthogonal；Fixation kit, the measurement group
When part measures, one end of the fixation kit is fixed on first sillar, and the other end is fixed on second sillar, is used
It is fixed between first sillar and second sillar in by the measurement component, and makes three surveys of the measurement component
It is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured to measure the plane that any two measurement direction is formed in direction；Processor, for utilizing
The measurement data and reference data obtain the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured.In the embodiment of the present invention, pass through fastener components
The relative positional relationship between the sillar of rock mass discontinuity two sides to be measured reflected, between the first sillar of Lai Jinhang and the second sillar
Position relative relation data measurement, and measurement direction covers two-dimensional space where structural plane, so can be avoided
On the sillar of out-of-flatness directly and must be along deformation direction fixation measuring component, to realize in Structure Faces of Slope Rock Body
Two sides sillar surface irregularity, and the survey in the uncertain situation of deformation direction of the sillar, to rock mass deformation data to be measured
Amount.
Furthermore, on the one hand, the fixed good reliability of above-mentioned fixation kit, it is easy for assemble or unload, rock mass, works are destroyed
It is smaller；On the other hand, above-mentioned fixation kit universal performance is good, can be suitable for railway, highway, water conservancy, harbour, harbour, building
The long term monitoring of equal slope deformings.
It should be understood that it should be understood that " first ", " second " etc. are to be used to distinguish similar objects, without
It is used to describe a particular order or precedence order.
In addition, between technical solution documented by the embodiment of the present invention, it in the absence of conflict, can be in any combination.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation characterized by comprising
Component is measured, it is opposite for measuring the position between the first sillar of rock mass to be measured and the second sillar of the rock to be measured
Relationship obtains measurement data；First sillar is located at the side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured, and second sillar is located at
The other side of the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured；The measurement component can measure the data in three directions, and three measurement sides
To orthogonal；
Fixation kit, when the measurement component measures, one end of the fixation kit is fixed on first sillar, the other end
It is fixed on second sillar, for the measurement component to be fixed between first sillar and second sillar,
And make the knot of any two measurement direction is formed in three measurement directions for measuring component plane and the rock mass to be measured
Structure face is parallel；
Processor obtains the deformation data of the rock mass to be measured for utilizing the measurement data and reference data.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixation kit includes that the first fixation member and second are solid
Determine component；First fixation member is arranged on the measurement component；
One end of second fixation member is fixed on first sillar, and the other end is fixed on second sillar, and
The measurement component is fixed between first sillar and second sillar by first fixation member；
By adjusting first fixation member, any two measurement in three measurement directions of the measurement component is enabled to
The plane that direction is formed is parallel with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that second fixation member include the first fixed subcomponent and
Second fixed subcomponent；
When the measurement component measures, one end of first fixed subcomponent is fixed on the first position on first sillar
Place, the other end are connect with first fixation member；One end of second fixed subcomponent and first fixation member connect
It connects, the other end is fixed on the second place on second sillar；
By first fixed subcomponent and second fixed subcomponent, the measurement component is fixed on first rock
Between block and second sillar, and so that first fixation member is located at the first position and formed with the second position
Straight line on；The straight line is vertical with the structural plane of the rock mass to be measured.
4. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent exist
Bending can be generated under the action of external force, and is able to bear preset active force.
5. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent
Shape is Y shape.
6. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that it is provided with pore structure in first fixation member, it is described
First fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent are connect by the pore structure with first fixation member.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the fixation kit also includes clamp member, and described first
Fixed subcomponent and the second fixed subcomponent both pass through the pore structure and by the clamp members and first fixed part
Part connection.
8. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the fixation kit also includes anchor bolt component, and described first
Fixed subcomponent is fixed by the anchor bolt component and first sillar；Second fixed subcomponent passes through the anchor bolt portion
Part is fixed with second sillar.
9. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that it is provided with screw-rod structure in first fixation member,
The screw-rod structure is connect with the measurement component；
By adjusting the screw-rod structure, the relative angular relationship of the measurement component and the rock mass to be measured is adjusted, so that institute
The structural plane for stating any two measurement direction is formed in three measurement directions of measurement component plane and the rock mass to be measured is flat
Row.
10. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measurement component includes three axis accelerometer chip, is used
In the angle-data for obtaining the relative positional relationship between characterization first sillar and second sillar.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910533937.8A CN110220490A (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | A kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910533937.8A CN110220490A (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | A kind of measuring device of rock mass deformation |
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| CN203550930U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | Slope deep displacement measuring device |
| CN204286291U (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-22 | 长安大学 | A kind of multipoint displacement meter for tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring |
| CN105066949A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-18 | 四川大学 | Roadway spatial deformation measuring device and measuring method based on device |
| CN210051317U (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-02-11 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Rock mass deformation measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2062688A1 (en) * | 1970-12-19 | 1972-07-27 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Method and device for measuring the changes in the rock surrounding a mining cavity with the aid of measuring anchors |
| CN2107634U (en) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-06-17 | 中国科学院地质研究所 | Three-direction gap detector |
| FI950251A0 (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1995-01-20 | Tamrock Oy | A method for determining the location of a rock drilling tool |
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