CN102979506A - Measuring device and measuring method of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN102979506A CN102979506A CN2012105076629A CN201210507662A CN102979506A CN 102979506 A CN102979506 A CN 102979506A CN 2012105076629 A CN2012105076629 A CN 2012105076629A CN 201210507662 A CN201210507662 A CN 201210507662A CN 102979506 A CN102979506 A CN 102979506A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination. The measuring device comprises a side wall horizontal fixing device, a telescopic cantilever, a drilling rod holder, an included angle measuring device and a dip angle measuring device. The invention also provides a measuring method of the underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination. According to the measuring device of which the attitude in a drilling construction process is researched, an included angle and a drilling dip angle between the flat surface where a drilling axis is located and an axial surface of a tunnel or a roadway can be quickly and accurately measured, and the attitude (i.e. an azimuth angle and the dip angle) of construction drilling in underground engineering can be determined according to the trend of a known tunnel or roadway. According to the measuring device and the measuring method, disclosed by the invention, the operation is simple and fast, the accuracy of a measuring result is high, the accumulated error caused by repeated paying off during a drilling attitude measuring process can be avoided, and the working efficiency is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement technology of boring occurrence in the underground construction probing slip casting field, mainly propose a kind of fast, method for measurement and the device of Measurement accuracy Hot work in progress boring or boring occurrence during according to the on-the-spot location of design.
Background technology
Drilling project is Underground Engineering Excavation and operation one of phase key activities, and improvement, the wall rock grouting that relates to underground water damage reinforced, mineral products are detected and the field such as is detected in the water source.Drilling project design and boring occurrence are determined correlation engineering is implemented often to have decisive role.Because boring occurrence information errors causes the not good enough or surrounding rock consolidation scope of water plugging effect deviation appears such as Grouting engineering; The down-hole mineral exploration engineering causes mineral resources scale and reserve estimate unfounded because of boring occurrence error; Rich pool, down-hole is detected because of boring occurrence error and is had influence on the aquifer evaluation result.The method that at present underground construction boring occurrence is determined mainly contains three kinds, i.e. compass method, hanging wire positioning mode and tilt gauge method.The lining azimuth is easy and simple to handle, but precision is low, a little less than the antijamming capability, especially is difficult to utilize in the higher engineering of some metal mines or positioning accuracy request; It is relatively high that thread-ligating therapy is measured azimuth accuracy, but inefficiency, complicated operation, and accumulate gradually along with the chamfering number of times increases error, is difficult to play a role, such as emergency works such as underground water damage improvement in some engineerings it is pressed for time.In addition, dip angle of hole can utilize compass or tilt gauge to measure, but can not with the azimuth determination Plant in good condition be combined into package unit, effect is poor.Therefore, underground construction boring occurrence is positioned to accurately and fast for a necessary difficult problem that solves.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of underground construction boring occurrence rapid measuring method and apparatus is provided, make it can realize that Hot work in progress is holed and on-the-spot quick, the accurate location of occurrence when locating of holing, raising drilling project efficient, guarantee correlation engineering quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment comprises sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drill pipe clamp and inclination angle measuring equipment; Described sidewall horizontal fixator comprises cross bar and hinge, and the pipe bubble is set on the cross bar; Described telescopic boom comprises inner frame and outside framework, and outside framework is connected with cross bar by described hinge, and circular bubble is set on the outside framework, and the dual-side of outside framework is provided with chute, and inner frame is slidingly connected along chute and outside framework by knob assembly; Described angle measuring equipment comprises the angle measurer of 1/4 circle, the arc-shaped edges of angle measurer is provided with the cutting of angle measurer, angle measurer outer side edges one end is connected with inner frame by bolt, the other end screws bolt by first and is connected with inner frame, and first screws bolt is positioned at the cutting of angle measurer, angle angulation survey device rotates centered by bolt during work, and first screws bolt slides in the cutting of angle measurer; Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises the inclination angle measurer, and the inclination angle measurer screws the center that bolt is vertically set on angle measurer outer side edges by second; Described drill pipe clamp comprises the second cross bar and is used for the fixedly clamper of drilling rod, and clamper is fixed on the second cross bar, and the second cross bar screws bolt by second and is connected with the outer side edges of angle measurer, and the clamper cross bar can screw the bolt rotation around second.
Described outside framework comprises left montant and right montant, left montant be connected the up and down two ends of montant and connect by the first vertical links and the vertical links of being connected respectively, the inboard of left montant and right montant is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar and right slide bar, and left and right slide bar is slidingly connected by chute and left montant and right montant respectively, and the lower end of left and right slide bar connects by the 3rd vertical links; Described knob assembly comprises knob and swing arm; Swing arm passes left and right montant and contacts with left and right slide bar, and the contact surface of swing arm and left and right slide bar links to each other by intermeshing tooth.Described swing arm cross section is gear-like, two ends fixed knob, swing arm pass left and right montant and are fixed on the left and right slide bar, during knob, drive the swing arm upper rack and move in a circle, realize the synchronized flexible of left and right slide bar by the snap-in force with left and right montant upper hopper chute upper surface tooth bar.
Described angle protractor is provided with scale, this scale for 90 degree scopes evenly divided and precision be 1 the degree.
The right-hand member of described the 3rd vertical links is provided with angle observation groove, and this angle observation groove is corresponding with the scale on the angle protractor.
The inclination angle measurer cutting of two semicircles is set along its circumference on the measurer of described inclination angle, is provided with scale along inclination angle measurer cutting periphery, described clamper cross bar is provided with the rotary steering axle that is complementary with inclination angle measurer cutting.
Described scale horizontal two ends on the measurer of inclination angle are set to 0 degree, and vertically two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.
Described clamper comprises left and right clamper.
The present invention also provides a kind of underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination method for measurement, and its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) according to drilling rod and tunnel or the definite suitable measurement position of tunnel sidewall spaces relation, determines that sidewall and drilling rod are apart from d;
2) rotation knob assembly, left and right slide bar stretches out, and to d, namely clamper has roughly reached the position of jointed rod to adjustment inner frame outer side edges apart from sidewall length;
3) the cross bar outer side edges is close to sidewall, if sidewall is uneven, pad one plank between cross bar and sidewall, guarantee cross bar long side direction and tunnel or tunnel axially parallel, the preliminary cross bar of adjusting, make bubble be in pipe bubble center, namely cross bar is the level of state, and axial and tunnel or tunnel axially parallel; Adjust the outside framework of telescopic boom by hinge through, make left slide bar and right circular bubble bubble placed in the middle, make outside framework be in tunnel or tunnel in the perpendicular horizontal plane of axial plane; The rotation of hinge has guaranteed that device can be adapted to the sidewall radian and change, and satisfies the measurement needs of diverse location; Rotating clamp angle measurements device, but make the clamper cross bar reach the position of jointed rod; It is parallel with drilling rod that the rotary drill rod clamper makes it, and clamper is fixed on the drilling rod;
4) vernier knob guarantees that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; The fine setting hinge makes left and right sides slide bar, middle circular bubble bubble placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in the strict level in plane; Fine setting angle measurer angle and drill pipe clamp angle make the clamper cross bar strictly parallel with drilling rod, screw respectively first and screw bolt and second and screw bolt, fixed angle measurer and drill pipe clamp position;
5) by the second vertical links right-hand member angle observation groove reading numerical values, be the axial angle in boring and tunnel or tunnel; Read rotary steering axle indicating graduation, be dip angle of hole.
According to said method, if on-the-spot do not possess the condition that directly reads, 4) loosening knob and clamper after the step, measuring equipment is taken off, carry out again reading out data.
According to said method, according to tunnel or tunnel axis direction angular data, calculate the bore direction angle, ask for the boring occurrence; When calculate at the azimuth, should follow the principle of " left side subtracts the right side and adds ", i.e. boring departs from the tunnel or axis right side, tunnel, and then the bore direction angle is the axis direction angle and asks for the angle sum; Boring departs from the axis direction left side, and then the bore direction angle is axis direction and asks for the poor of angle; Final result should add or deduct 360 degree, and drops in 0 ~ 360 degree interval.
The geometrical principle that the present invention utilizes face face angle to find the solution calculates axial plane angle in plane, drilling axis place and tunnel or the tunnel, utilize the clamper cross bar drilling axis rotation calculating dip angle of hole planar, Principle Method has general applicability.The present invention is used for any occurrence boring unwrapping wire, or the field measurement of construction drill, and is convenient and swift.
The present invention compares with hanging wire azimuth determination method, and by scale reading, calculative determination bore direction angle, operating process is simple, can fast finish measurement and the unwrapping wire of a plurality of different azimuth borings, and thread-ligating therapy need to be implemented respectively control survey for each boring, and process is loaded down with trivial details, and efficient is low.Simultaneously, the present invention has avoided the shortcoming of multi-pass operation deviation accumulation in the hanging wire azimuth determination method hanging wire process, has high-precision advantage.The present invention compares with the compass azimuth angular measurement, is not subjected to the impact of field condition and magnetic declination, and is adaptable, and precision is high, especially is adapted to the environment such as metal mine that compass can't normally use.In addition, the present invention realizes intact fusion with bore direction angular measurement and measurement of dip angle, can disposable measurement bore direction angle, the occurrence such as inclination angle, have the characteristics of precision height, adaptable, efficient and convenient and associativity, can satisfy the measurement of boring occurrence under the different condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 construction drill occurrence combination measures the apparatus main body structural representation;
Fig. 2 construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment A-A ' line profile;
Fig. 3 construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment B-B ' line profile;
Fig. 4 telescopic boom rectangular frame closure and extension bitmap;
Fig. 5 angle measurer and inclination angle measurer top view;
Fig. 6 inclination angle measurer scale distributes and measures schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 swing arm and left slide bar/right slide bar contact surface schematic diagram;
Schematic diagram in Fig. 8 angle measurer duty;
Schematic diagram in the measurer duty of the circular inclination angle of Fig. 9.
Wherein, 1. cross bar; 2. pipe bubble; 3. hinge; 4. the first vertical links; 5-1. left montant, the right slide bar of 5-2., the right montant of 6-1., 6-2. right slide bar, 7. set bolt, 8. circular bubble, 9. knob, 10. swing arm, 11. left vertical links cuttings, 12. right vertical links cutting, 13. bolts, 14. first screw bolt, 15. angle observation groove, 16. angle measurers, 17. angle measurer cuttings, 18. circular inclination angle measurer, 19. inclination angle measurer cutting, 20. second screw bolt, 21. clamper cross bars, 22. the first clamper, 23. the second clamper, 24. second vertical links, 25. rotary steering axles, 26. the 3rd vertical links, 27. drilling rods.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Shown in Fig. 1-7, a kind of construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment is added by sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drilling rod and to hold device and the inclination angle measuring equipment forms.
Described sidewall horizontal fixator is made of cross bar 1 and hinge 3, and the center arranges pipe bubble 2; Described telescopic boom is comprised of outside framework and inner frame, described outside framework comprises left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1, left montant 5-1 be connected the up and down two ends of montant 6-1 and connect by the first vertical links 4 and the vertical links 24 of being connected respectively, the inboard of left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar 5-2 and right slide bar 6-2, and left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 are slidingly connected by chute and left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 respectively, and the lower end of left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 connects by the 3rd vertical links 26; Described knob assembly comprises knob 9 and swing arm 10; Swing arm 10 passes left and right montant 5-1,6-1 and contacts with left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2, and swing arm 10 links to each other by intermeshing tooth with the contact surface of left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2.Described swing arm 10 two ends fixed knobs 9 pass left and right montant 5-1,6-1 and are fixed on left and right slide bar 5-2, the 6-2, and the snap-in force during by knob 9 between swing arm 10 upper racks and chute upper surface tooth bar makes left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 synchronized flexible.
The center of left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 all arranges circular bubble 8, and left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 form firm rectangular frame by bolt 7 and the first vertical links 4, the second vertical links 24.Left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 are synchronized flexible along the groove of left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 inboard by knob 9 and swing arm 10;
Described angle measuring equipment comprises that angle measurer 16, the 90 degree scopes of 1/4 circle are evenly divided and precision is 1 degree.The arc-shaped edges of angle measurer 16 is provided with angle measurer cutting 17, angle measurer 16 outer side edges one end is connected with the lower end of left slide bar 5-2 by bolt 13, the other end screws bolt 14 by first and is connected with the lower end of right slide bar 6-2, and first screws bolt 14 is positioned at angle measurer cutting 17, angle angulation survey device 16 rotates centered by bolt 13 during work, first screws bolt 14 in angle measurer cutting 17 interior slips, during measurement, screw first and screw bolt 14 with along angle measurer cutting 17 fixed angle measurers 16.
The right-hand member of described the 3rd vertical links 26 is provided with angle observation groove 15, and this angle observation groove 15 is corresponding with the scale on the angle protractor 16, and angle observation groove 15 interior display scale values are boring angle value.
Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises inclination angle measurer 18, and inclination angle measurer 18 screws the center that bolt 20 is vertically set on angle measurer 16 outer side edges by second, and this angle measurer 16 is vertical with inner frame.
Described drill pipe clamp comprises the second cross bar 21 and is used for the fixedly clamper of drilling rod, clamper is fixed on the second cross bar 21, the second cross bar 21 screws bolt 20 by second and is connected with the outer side edges of angle measurer 16, and clamper cross bar 21 can screw bolt 20 rotations around second.The inclination angle measurer cutting 19 of two semicircles is set along its circumference on the described inclination angle measurer 18, and inclination angle measurer cutting 19 peripheries carry out scale to be divided, and namely horizontal two ends are set to 0 degree, and vertically two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.The rotary steering axle 25 that welding and inclination angle measurer cutting 19 are complementary on the second cross bar 21.It is fixing that described angle measurer, inclination angle measurer and drill pipe clamp screw bolt 20 with second; Described drill pipe clamp is comprised of cross bar 21 and the first clamper 22 and the second clamper 23, and the first clamper 22 and the second clamper 23 can be adjusted according to the drill pipe diameter size.During the clamper rotation, described rotary steering axle 25 is in inclination angle measurer cutting 19 interior movements, and rotary steering axle 25 points to scale and is the dip angle of hole value.
For but in inner frame is pulled out and advanced, be provided with the left vertical links cutting 11 corresponding with bolt 13 at outside framework the second vertical links 24, and screw the corresponding right vertical links cutting 12 of bolt 14 with first.
A kind of construction drill occurrence combination method for measurement, its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) suppose that the tunnel axis azimuth is N25 ° of E, the construction drill position of opening is in the tunnel vault position
2) as shown in Figure 8, determine suitable measurement position according to the drilling rod tapping point, determine that sidewall and drilling rod are apart from d.
2) rotation knob assembly 9, left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 stretch out, and adjust rectangular frame length to d, and namely the first clamper 22, the second clamper 23 have roughly reached the position of jointed rod.
3) cross bar 1 outer side edges is close to sidewall, tentatively adjusts cross bar, make bubble be in pipe bubble 3 centers, namely cross bar 1 is the level of state, and axial and tunnel axially parallel; Rotate the rectangular frame of adjusting telescopic booms by hinge 3, make among left montant 5-1 and the right montant 6-1 circular bubble 8 bubbles placed in the middle, make rectangular frame be in the tunnel in the perpendicular horizontal plane of axial plane; Rotating clamp angle measurements device 16, but make clamper cross bar 21 reach the position of jointed rod; It is parallel with drilling rod 27 that the rotary drill rod clamper makes it, and the first clamper 22, the second clamper 23 are separately fixed on the drilling rod 27.
4) vernier knob 9, guarantee that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; Fine setting hinge 3 makes among left and right montant 5-1, the 6-1 circular bubble 8 bubbles placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in the strict level in plane; Fine setting angle measurer 16 angles and drill pipe clamp angle make clamper cross bar 21 strictly parallel with drilling rod 27, screw respectively first, second and screw bolt 14,20, fixed angle measurer and drill pipe clamp position.
5) as shown in Figure 9, vertical links 24 right-hand member angles observation groove 15 corresponding scale values are 45 degree, and rotary steering axle 25 corresponding scale values are 30 degree, and the axial plane angle is 45 degree in can determine to hole plane, place and the tunnel, and dip angle of hole is 30 degree.
6) drilling axis deflection tunnel axis right side, according to " left side subtracts the right side and adds " principle, the bore direction angle is α=25+45=70 degree, the occurrence of therefore can determining to hole is 30 ° of 70 ° of ∠.
Claims (10)
1. a underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment is characterized in that: comprise sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drill pipe clamp and inclination angle measuring equipment; Described sidewall horizontal fixator comprises cross bar (1) and hinge (3), and pipe bubble (2) is set on the cross bar (1); Described telescopic boom comprises inner frame and outside framework, outside framework is connected with cross bar (1) by described hinge (3), circular bubble (8) is set on the outside framework, and the dual-side of outside framework is provided with groove, and inner frame is slidingly connected along groove and outside framework by knob assembly; Described angle measuring equipment comprises the angle measurer (16) of 1/4 circle, the arc-shaped edges of angle measurer (16) is provided with angle measurer cutting (17), angle measurer (16) outer side edges one end is connected with inner frame by bolt (13), the other end screws bolt (14) by first and is connected with inner frame, and first screws bolt (14) is positioned at angle measurer cutting (17), angle angulation survey device (16) rotates centered by bolt (13) during work, and first screws bolt (14) slides in angle measurer cutting (17); Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises inclination angle measurer (18), and inclination angle measurer (18) screws the center that bolt (20) is vertically set on angle measurer (16) outer side edges by second; Described drill pipe clamp comprises the second cross bar (21) and is used for the fixedly clamper of drilling rod, clamper is fixed on the second cross bar (21), the second cross bar (21) screws bolt (20) by second and is connected with the outer side edges of angle measurer (16), and clamper cross bar (21) can screw bolt (20) rotation around second.
2. measuring equipment is made up in underground engineering construction boring occurrence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outside framework comprises left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1), left montant (5-1) be connected the up and down two ends of montant (6-1) respectively by the first vertical links (4) and vertical links (24) connection of being connected, the inboard of left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1) is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar (5-2) and right slide bar (6-2), left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2) are slidingly connected by chute and left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1) respectively, and the lower end of left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2) connects by the 3rd vertical links (26); Described knob assembly comprises knob (9) and swing arm (10); Swing arm (10) passes left and right montant (5-1), (6-1) and contacts with left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2), and swing arm (10) links to each other by intermeshing tooth with the contact surface of left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2).
3. underground engineering construction according to claim 1 boring occurrence combination measuring equipment, it is characterized in that: described angle protractor (16) is provided with scale, and this scale is for evenly being divided in 90 degree scopes and precision is 1 degree.
4. measuring equipment is made up in underground engineering construction boring occurrence according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the right-hand member of described the 3rd vertical links (26) is provided with angle observation groove (15), and this angle observation groove (15) is corresponding with the scale on the angle protractor (16).
5. measuring equipment is made up in underground engineering construction boring occurrence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper inclination angle measurer cutting (19) that two semicircles are set along its circumference of described inclination angle measurer (18), be provided with scale along inclination angle measurer cutting (19) periphery, described clamper cross bar (21) is provided with the rotary steering axle (25) that is complementary with inclination angle measurer cutting (19).
6. underground engineering construction according to claim 5 boring occurrence combination measuring equipment, it is characterized in that: described scale is set to 0 degree at the upper horizontal two ends of inclination angle measurer (18), and vertically two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.
7. measuring equipment is made up in underground engineering construction boring occurrence according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: described clamper comprises left and right clamper (22), (23).
8. method for measurement is made up in underground engineering construction boring occurrence, and it is characterized in that: its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) according to drilling rod and tunnel or the definite suitable measurement position of tunnel sidewall spaces relation, determines that sidewall and drilling rod are apart from d;
2) rotation knob assembly, left slide bar (5-2), right slide bar (6-2) stretch out, and to d, namely clamper has roughly reached the position of jointed rod to adjustment inner frame outer side edges apart from sidewall length;
3) cross bar (1) outer side edges is close to sidewall, if sidewall is uneven, pad one plank between cross bar (1) and sidewall, guarantee cross bar (1) long side direction and tunnel or tunnel axially parallel, the preliminary cross bar (1) of adjusting, make bubble be in pipe bubble (2) center, namely cross bar (1) is the level of state, and axial and tunnel or tunnel axially parallel; Rotate to adjust the outside framework of telescopic boom by hinge (3), make in left slide bar (5-1) and the right slide bar (6-1) circular bubble (8) bubble placed in the middle, make outside framework be in tunnel or tunnel in the perpendicular horizontal plane of axial plane; Rotating clamp angle measurements device (16), make clamper cross bar (21) but reach the position of jointed rod; It is parallel with drilling rod that the rotary drill rod clamper makes it, and clamper is fixed on the drilling rod;
4) vernier knob (9) guarantees that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; Fine setting hinge (3) makes in the left and right sides slide bar (5-1), (6-1) circular bubble (8) bubble placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in the strict level in plane; Fine setting angle measurer (16) angle and drill pipe clamp angle make clamper cross bar (21) strictly parallel with drilling rod, screw respectively first and screw bolt (14) and second and screw bolt (20), fixed angle measurer (16) and drill pipe clamp position;
5) by the second vertical links (24) right-hand member angle observation groove (15) reading numerical values, be the axial angle in boring and tunnel or tunnel; Read rotary steering axle (25) indicating graduation, be dip angle of hole.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: if on-the-spot do not possess the condition that directly reads, 4) loosening knob (9) and clamper after the step, measuring equipment is taken off, carry out again reading out data.
10. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: according to tunnel or tunnel axis direction angular data, calculate the bore direction angle, ask for the boring occurrence; When calculate at the azimuth, should follow the principle of " left side subtracts the right side and adds ", i.e. boring departs from the tunnel or axis right side, tunnel, and then the bore direction angle is the axis direction angle and asks for the angle sum; Boring departs from the axis direction left side, and then the bore direction angle is axis direction and asks for the poor of angle; Final result should add or deduct 360 degree, and drops in 0 ~ 360 degree interval.
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| CN105178941A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-23 | 山东大学 | Drilling azimuth angle and dip angle measurement device and measurement method |
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| CN105239997A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-13 | 山东大学 | Drilling azimuth angle and dip angle positioning device and positioning method thereof |
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