CN102979506B - Measuring device and measuring method of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination - Google Patents

Measuring device and measuring method of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination Download PDF

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CN102979506B
CN102979506B CN201210507662.9A CN201210507662A CN102979506B CN 102979506 B CN102979506 B CN 102979506B CN 201210507662 A CN201210507662 A CN 201210507662A CN 102979506 B CN102979506 B CN 102979506B
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angle
clamper
tunnel
cross bar
measurer
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CN102979506A (en
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张庆松
张伟杰
韩伟伟
惠冰
张连震
王德明
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Shandong University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring device of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination. The measuring device comprises a side wall horizontal fixing device, a telescopic cantilever, a drilling rod holder, an included angle measuring device and a dip angle measuring device. The invention also provides a measuring method of the underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination. According to the measuring device of which the attitude in a drilling construction process is researched, an included angle and a drilling dip angle between the flat surface where a drilling axis is located and an axial surface of a tunnel or a roadway can be quickly and accurately measured, and the attitude (i.e. an azimuth angle and the dip angle) of construction drilling in underground engineering can be determined according to the trend of a known tunnel or roadway. According to the measuring device and the measuring method, disclosed by the invention, the operation is simple and fast, the accuracy of a measuring result is high, the accumulated error caused by repeated paying off during a drilling attitude measuring process can be avoided, and the working efficiency is greatly increased.

Description

A kind of underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment and method for measurement thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates in underground construction probing slip casting field the measurement technology of occurrence of holing, main propose a kind of fast, Measurement accuracy hot work in progress boring or location on-the-spot according to design time the method for measurement of boring occurrence and device.
Background technology
Drilling project is Underground Engineering Excavation and operation one of phase key activities, relates to the improvement of underground water damage, wall rock grouting is reinforced, mineral products are detected and the field such as to be detected in water source.Drilling project design and boring occurrence are determined to implement often have decisive role to correlation engineering.As Grouting engineering because boring occurrence information errors causes the not good enough or surrounding rock consolidation scope of water plugging effect to occur deviation; Down-hole mineral exploration engineering because of boring occurrence error cause mineral resources scale and reserve estimate unfounded; Down-hole hydrous fluids is detected and is had influence on aquifer evaluation result because of boring occurrence error.The method that current underground construction boring occurrence is determined mainly contains three kinds, i.e. compass method, hanging wire positioning mode and tilt gauge method.Lining azimuth is easy and simple to handle, but precision is low, and antijamming capability is weak, is especially difficult to utilize in some metal mines or the higher engineering of positioning accuracy request; It is relatively high that thread-ligating therapy measures azimuth accuracy, but inefficiency, complicated operation, and accumulate gradually along with chamfering number of times increases error, is difficult to play a role, as emergency works such as underground water hazard prediction in some engineerings it is pressed for time.In addition, dip angle of hole can utilize compass or tilt gauge to measure, but can not with azimuth determination Plant in good condition be combined into package unit, both effectiveness difference.Therefore, underground construction boring being positioned to accurately and fast in order to the difficult problem that must solve of occurrence.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of underground construction boring occurrence rapid measuring method and apparatus is provided, when making it can realize hot work in progress boring and on-the-spot boring location, occurrence is located fast, accurately, improves drilling project efficiency, ensures correlation engineering quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment, comprises sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drill pipe clamp and inclination angle measuring equipment; Described sidewall horizontal fixator comprises cross bar and hinge, cross bar is arranged pipe bubble; Described telescopic boom comprises inner frame and outside framework, and outside framework is connected with cross bar by described hinge, and outside framework arranges circular bubble, and the dual-side of outside framework is provided with chute, and inner frame is slidably connected along chute and outside framework by knob assembly; Described angle measuring equipment comprises the angle measurer of 1/4 circle, the arc-shaped edges of angle measurer is provided with the cutting of angle measurer, angle measurer outer side edges one end is connected with inner frame by bolt, the other end is connected with inner frame by the first screwing bolts, and the first screwing bolts is positioned at the cutting of angle measurer, during work, angle angulation survey device rotates centered by bolt, and the first screwing bolts slides in the cutting of angle measurer; Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises inclination angle measurer, and inclination angle measurer is vertically set on the center of angle measurer outer side edges by the second screwing bolts; Described drill pipe clamp comprises the second cross bar and the clamper for fixing drilling rod, and clamper is fixed on the second cross bar, and the second cross bar is connected with the outer side edges of angle measurer by the second screwing bolts, and clamper cross bar can rotate around the second screwing bolts.
Described outside framework comprises left montant and right montant, and left montant is connected with the second vertical links respectively by the first vertical links with the two ends up and down of right montant, and the inner side of left montant and right montant is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar and right slide bar, and left and right slide bar is slidably connected respectively by chute and left montant and right montant, and the lower end of left and right slide bar is connected by the 3rd vertical links; Described knob assembly comprises knob and swing arm; Swing arm passes left and right montant and contacts with left and right slide bar, and swing arm is connected by intermeshing tooth with the contact surface of left and right slide bar.Described swing arm cross section is gear-like, two ends fixed knob, swing arm passes left and right montant and is fixed on left and right slide bar, during knob, swing arm upper rack is driven to move in a circle, by realizing the synchronized flexible of left and right slide bar with the snap-in force of left and right montant upper hopper chute upper surface tooth bar.
Described angle protractor is provided with scale, and this scale is for being divided evenly and precision is 1 degree 90 degree of scopes.
The right-hand member of described 3rd vertical links is provided with angle observation groove, and this angle observation groove is corresponding with the scale on angle protractor.
Described inclination angle measurer is arranged the inclination angle measurer cutting of two semicircular along its circumference, be provided with scale along inclination angle measurer cutting periphery, described clamper cross bar is provided with the rotary steering axle matched with inclination angle measurer cutting.
Described scale horizontal two ends on the measurer of inclination angle are set to 0 degree, and vertical two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.
Described clamper comprises left and right clamper.
Present invention also offers a kind of underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination method for measurement, its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) determine suitable adjustment location according to drilling rod and tunnel or tunnel sidewall spaces relation, determine sidewall and drilling rod distance d;
2) rotate knob assembly, left and right slide bar stretches out, and adjustment inner frame outer side edges distance side wall length is to d, and namely clamper roughly reaches the position of jointed rod;
3) cross bar outer side edges is close to sidewall, if sidewall is uneven, a plank is padded between cross bar and sidewall, guarantee that cross bar long side direction is parallel with tunnel or tunnel axis, preliminary adjustment cross bar, make bubble be in pipe bubble center, namely cross bar is the level of state, and axis is parallel with tunnel or tunnel axis; By the outside framework of hinge through adjustment telescopic boom, make left slide bar and right circular bubble bubble between two parties, make outside framework be in the horizontal plane perpendicular with axial plane in tunnel or tunnel; The rotation of hinge ensure that device can be adapted to the change of sidewall radian, meets the measurement needs of diverse location; Rotating clamp angle measurements device, clamper cross bar is reached can the position of jointed rod; Rotary drill rod clamper makes it parallel with drilling rod, is fixed on by clamper on drilling rod;
4) vernier knob, ensures that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; Fine setting hinge, makes left and right slide bar, middle circular bubble bubble placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in plane severity; Fine setting angle measurer angle and drill pipe clamp angle, make clamper cross bar and drilling rod perfect parallelism, screw the first screwing bolts and the second screwing bolts respectively, fixed angle measurer and drill pipe clamp position;
5) by the second vertical links right-hand member angle observation groove reading numerical values, boring and the axial angle in tunnel or tunnel is; Read rotary steering axle indicating graduation, be dip angle of hole.
According to said method, if scene does not possess the condition directly read, 4) loosen knob and clamper after step, measuring equipment is taken off, then carries out reading data.
According to said method, according to tunnel or tunnel axis direction angular data, calculate bore direction angle, ask for boring occurrence; When azimuth calculates, should follow the principle of " left side subtracts the right side and adds ", namely boring departs from the right side of tunnel or tunnel axis, then bore direction angle is axis direction angle and asks for angle sum; Boring departs from the left of axis direction, then bore direction angle is axis direction and the difference asking for angle; Final result should add or deduct 360 degree, and drops in 0 ~ 360 degree of interval.
The geometrical principle that the present invention utilizes angle, face, face to solve, calculates axial plane angle in drilling axis place plane and tunnel or tunnel, utilize clamper cross bar drilling axis rotation calculating dip angle of hole planar, Principle Method has general applicability.The present invention is used for any occurrence boring unwrapping wire, or the field measurement of construction drill, convenient and swift.
The present invention is compared with hanging wire azimuth determination method, and by scale reading, calculate and determine bore direction angle, operating process is simple, fast can complete measurement and the unwrapping wire of the boring of multiple different azimuth, and thread-ligating therapy needs to implement control survey respectively for each boring, process is loaded down with trivial details, and efficiency is low.Meanwhile, present invention, avoiding the shortcoming of multi-pass operation deviation accumulation in hanging wire azimuth determination method hanging wire process, there is high-precision advantage.The present invention is compared with compass azimuth angular measurement, and not by the impact of field condition and magnetic declination, adaptable, precision is high, is especially adapted to the environment such as the metal mine that compass cannot normally use.In addition, bore direction angular measurement and measurement of dip angle are realized intact fusion by the present invention, can the occurrence such as disposable measurement bore direction angle, inclination angle, there is the feature of high, adaptable, the efficient and convenient and associativity of precision, the measurement of occurrence of holing under can meeting different condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 construction drill occurrence combination measures apparatus main body structural representation;
Fig. 2 construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment A-A ' line profile;
Fig. 3 construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment B-B ' line profile;
Fig. 4 telescopic boom rectangular frame closes and extension bitmap;
Fig. 5 angle measurer and inclination angle measurer top view;
The measurer scale distribution of Fig. 6 inclination angle and measurement schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 swing arm and left slide bar/right slide bar contact surface schematic diagram;
Schematic diagram in Fig. 8 angle measurer duty;
Schematic diagram in the measurer duty of Fig. 9 circular inclination angle.
Wherein, 1. cross bar, 2. pipe bubble, 3. hinge, 4. the first vertical links, the left montant of 5-1., the right slide bar of 5-2., the right montant of 6-1., the right slide bar of 6-2., 7. set bolt, 8. circular bubble, 9. knob, 10. swing arm, 11. left vertical links cuttings, 12. right vertical links cuttings, 13. bolts, 14. first screwing bolts, 15. angle observation grooves, 16. angle measurers, 17. angle measurer cuttings, 18. circular inclination angle measurers, 19. inclination angle measurer cuttings, 20. second screwing bolts, 21. clamper cross bars, 22. first clampers, 23. second clampers, 24. second vertical links, 25. rotary steering axles, 26. the 3rd vertical links, 27. drilling rods.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As shown in figs. 1-7, a kind of construction drill occurrence combination measuring equipment, by sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drilling rod accommodates device and inclination angle measuring equipment forms.
Described sidewall horizontal fixator is made up of cross bar 1 and hinge 3, and the center arranges pipe bubble 2; Described telescopic boom is made up of outside framework and inner frame, described outside framework comprises left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1, left montant 5-1 is connected with the second vertical links 24 respectively by the first vertical links 4 with the two ends up and down of right montant 6-1, and the inner side of left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar 5-2 and right slide bar 6-2, and left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 are slidably connected respectively by chute and left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1, and the lower end of left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 is connected by the 3rd vertical links 26; Described knob assembly comprises knob 9 and swing arm 10; Swing arm 10 passes left and right montant 5-1,6-1 and contacts with left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2, and swing arm 10 is connected by intermeshing tooth with the contact surface of left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2.Described swing arm 10 two ends fixed knob 9, is fixed on left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 through left and right montant 5-1,6-1, makes left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 synchronized flexible by the snap-in force between swing arm during knob 9 10 upper rack and tongue upper surface tooth bar.
The center of left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 all arranges circular bubble 8, and left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 forms firm rectangular frame by bolt 7 and the first vertical links 4, second vertical links 24.Left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 are stretched along the groove inside left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 is synchronized by knob 9 and swing arm 10;
Angle measurer 16,90 degree of scopes that described angle measuring equipment comprises 1/4 circle are divided evenly and precision is 1 degree.The arc-shaped edges of angle measurer 16 is provided with angle measurer cutting 17, angle measurer 16 outer side edges one end is connected with the lower end of left slide bar 5-2 by bolt 13, the other end is connected with the lower end of right slide bar 6-2 by the first screwing bolts 14, and the first screwing bolts 14 is positioned at angle measurer cutting 17, during work, angle angulation survey device 16 rotates centered by bolt 13, first screwing bolts 14 slides in angle measurer cutting 17, during measurement, screw the first screwing bolts 14 with along angle measurer cutting 17 fixed angle measurer 16.
The right-hand member of described 3rd vertical links 26 is provided with angle observation groove 15, and this angle observation groove 15 is corresponding with the scale on angle protractor 16, and in angle observation groove 15, display scale value is boring angle value.
Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises inclination angle measurer 18, and inclination angle measurer 18 is vertically set on the center of angle measurer 16 outer side edges by the second screwing bolts 20, and this angle measurer 16 is vertical with inner frame.
Described drill pipe clamp comprises the second cross bar 21 and the clamper for fixing drilling rod, clamper is fixed on the second cross bar 21, second cross bar 21 is connected with the outer side edges of angle measurer 16 by the second screwing bolts 20, and clamper cross bar 21 can rotate around the second screwing bolts 20.Described inclination angle measurer 18 is arranged the inclination angle measurer cutting 19 of two semicircular along its circumference, inclination angle measurer cutting 19 periphery carries out scale division, and namely horizontal two ends are set to 0 degree, and vertical two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.The rotary steering axle 25 that on second cross bar 21, welding and inclination angle measurer cutting 19 match.Described angle measurer, inclination angle measurer and drill pipe clamp are fixed with the second screwing bolts 20; Described drill pipe clamp is made up of cross bar 21 and the first clamper 22 and the second clamper 23, and the first clamper 22 and the second clamper 23 can adjust according to drill pipe diameter size.When clamper rotates, described rotary steering axle 25 is mobile in inclination angle measurer cutting 19, and rotary steering axle 25 points to scale and is dip angle of hole value.
For but in by inner frame pull-out with advance, outside framework second vertical links 24 is provided with the left vertical links cutting 11 corresponding with bolt 13, and the right vertical links cutting 12 corresponding with the first screwing bolts 14.
A kind of construction drill occurrence combination method for measurement, its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) suppose that tunnel axis azimuth is N25 ° of E, construction drill position of opening is in tunnel vault position
2) as shown in Figure 8, determine suitable adjustment location according to drilling rod tapping point, determine sidewall and drilling rod distance d.
2) rotate knob assembly 9, left and right slide bar 5-2,6-2 stretch out, and adjustment rectangular frame length is to d, and namely the first clamper 22, second clamper 23 roughly reaches the position of jointed rod.
3) cross bar 1 outer side edges is close to sidewall, tentatively adjusts cross bar, make bubble be in pipe bubble 3 center, namely cross bar 1 is the level of state, and axially axially parallel with tunnel; Rotated the rectangular frame of adjustment telescopic boom by hinge 3, make circular bubble 8 bubble in left montant 5-1 and right montant 6-1 placed in the middle, make rectangular frame be in the horizontal plane perpendicular with axial plane in tunnel; Rotating clamp angle measurements device 16, clamper cross bar 21 is reached can the position of jointed rod; Rotary drill rod clamper makes it parallel with drilling rod 27, is separately fixed on drilling rod 27 by the first clamper 22, second clamper 23.
4) vernier knob 9, ensures that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; Fine setting hinge 3, makes circular bubble 8 bubble in left and right montant 5-1,6-1 placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in plane severity; Fine setting angle measurer 16 angle and drill pipe clamp angle, make clamper cross bar 21 and drilling rod 27 perfect parallelism, screw first, second screwing bolts 14,20, fixed angle measurer and drill pipe clamp position respectively.
5) as shown in Figure 9, the corresponding scale value of vertical links 24 right-hand member angle observation groove 15 is 45 degree, and the corresponding scale value of rotary steering axle 25 is 30 degree, and can determine that in boring place plane and tunnel, axial plane angle is 45 degree, dip angle of hole is 30 degree.
6) on the right side of drilling axis deflection tunnel axis, according to " left side subtracts the right side and adds " principle, bore direction angle is α=25+45=70 degree, therefore can determine that boring occurrence is 70 ° of ∠ 30 °.

Claims (8)

1. a underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment, is characterized in that: comprise sidewall horizontal fixator, telescopic boom, angle measuring equipment, drill pipe clamp and inclination angle measuring equipment; Described sidewall horizontal fixator comprises cross bar (1) and hinge (3), cross bar (1) is arranged pipe bubble (2); Described telescopic boom comprises inner frame and outside framework, outside framework is connected with cross bar (1) by described hinge (3), outside framework is arranged circular bubble (8), the dual-side of outside framework is provided with groove, and inner frame is slidably connected along groove and outside framework by knob assembly; Described angle measuring equipment comprises the angle measurer (16) of 1/4 circle, the arc-shaped edges of angle measurer (16) is provided with angle measurer cutting (17), angle measurer (16) outer side edges one end is connected with inner frame by bolt (13), the other end is connected with inner frame by the first screwing bolts (14), and the first screwing bolts (14) is positioned at angle measurer cutting (17), during work, angle angulation survey device (16) is rotated centered by bolt (13), and the first screwing bolts (14) slides in angle measurer cutting (17); Described inclination angle measuring equipment comprises inclination angle measurer (18), and inclination angle measurer (18) is vertically set on the center of angle measurer (16) outer side edges by the second screwing bolts (20); Described drill pipe clamp comprises clamper cross bar (21) and the clamper for fixing drilling rod, clamper is fixed on clamper cross bar (21), clamper cross bar (21) is connected by the outer side edges of the second screwing bolts (20) with angle measurer (16), and clamper cross bar (21) can rotate around the second screwing bolts (20), described clamper comprises left and right clamper (22), (23) described angle measurer (16) is provided with scale, and this scale is for being divided evenly and precision is 1 degree 90 degree of scopes.
2. according to the underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outside framework comprises left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1), left montant (5-1) is connected with the second vertical links (24) respectively by the first vertical links (4) with the two ends up and down of right montant (6-1), and the inner side of left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1) is equipped with chute; Described inner frame comprises left slide bar (5-2) and right slide bar (6-2), left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2) are slidably connected respectively by chute and left montant (5-1) and right montant (6-1), and the lower end of left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2) is connected by the 3rd vertical links (26); Described knob assembly comprises knob (9) and swing arm (10); Swing arm (10) is through left and right montant (5-1), (6-1) contact with left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2), and swing arm (10) is connected by intermeshing tooth with the contact surface of left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2).
3. according to the underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the right-hand member of described 3rd vertical links (26) is provided with angle observation groove (15), and this angle observation groove (15) is corresponding with the scale on angle measurer (16).
4. according to the underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination measuring equipment described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: inclination angle measurer cutting (19) described inclination angle measurer (18) being arranged two semicircular along its circumference, be provided with scale along inclination angle measurer cutting (19) periphery, described clamper cross bar (21) is provided with the rotary steering axle (25) matched with inclination angle measurer cutting (19).
5. underground engineering construction according to claim 4 boring occurrence combination measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described scale is set to 0 degree at the upper horizontal two ends of inclination angle measurer (18), and vertical two ends are set to 90 degree, between precision be 1 degree.
6. underground engineering construction boring occurrence combination method for measurement, is characterized in that: its concrete technology step is as follows:
1) determine suitable adjustment location according to drilling rod and tunnel or tunnel sidewall spaces relation, determine sidewall and drilling rod distance d;
2) rotate knob assembly, left slide bar (5-2), right slide bar (6-2) stretch out, and adjustment inner frame outer side edges distance side wall length is to d, and namely clamper roughly reaches the position of jointed rod;
3) cross bar (1) outer side edges is close to sidewall, if sidewall is uneven, a plank is padded between cross bar (1) and sidewall, guarantee that cross bar (1) long side direction is parallel with tunnel or tunnel axis, preliminary adjustment cross bar (1), make bubble be in pipe bubble (2) center, namely cross bar (1) is the level of state, and axis is parallel with tunnel or tunnel axis; Rotated the outside framework of adjustment telescopic boom by hinge (3), make circular bubble (8) bubble in left slide bar (5-2) and right slide bar (6-2) placed in the middle, make outside framework be in the horizontal plane perpendicular with axial plane in tunnel or tunnel; Rotating clamp angle measurements device (16), clamper cross bar (21) is reached can the position of jointed rod; Rotary drill rod clamper makes it parallel with drilling rod, is fixed on by clamper on drilling rod;
4) vernier knob (9), ensures that telescopic boom rectangular frame length accurately meets the demands; Fine setting hinge (3), makes circular bubble (8) bubble in left and right slide bar (5-2), (6-2) placed in the middle, makes telescopic boom be in plane severity; Fine setting angle measurer (16) angle and drill pipe clamp angle, make clamper cross bar (21) and drilling rod perfect parallelism, screw the first screwing bolts (14) and the second screwing bolts (20) respectively, fixed angle measurer (16) and drill pipe clamp position;
5) by the second vertical links (24) right-hand member angle observation groove (15) reading numerical values, boring and the axial angle in tunnel or tunnel is; Read rotary steering axle (25) indicating graduation, be dip angle of hole.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: if scene does not possess the condition directly read, 4) loosen knob (9) and clamper after step, measuring equipment is taken off, then carries out reading data.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: according to tunnel or tunnel axis direction angular data, calculates bore direction angle, asks for boring occurrence; When azimuth calculates, should follow the principle of " left side subtracts the right side and adds ", namely boring departs from the right side of tunnel or tunnel axis, then bore direction angle is axis direction angle and asks for angle sum; Boring departs from the left of axis direction, then bore direction angle is axis direction and the difference asking for angle; Final result should add or deduct 360 degree, and drops in 0 ~ 360 degree of interval.
CN201210507662.9A 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Measuring device and measuring method of underground engineering construction drilling attitude combination Active CN102979506B (en)

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